CN114388955B - Cylindrical battery fixing support and hybrid battery thermal management method - Google Patents
Cylindrical battery fixing support and hybrid battery thermal management method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114388955B CN114388955B CN202210027011.3A CN202210027011A CN114388955B CN 114388955 B CN114388955 B CN 114388955B CN 202210027011 A CN202210027011 A CN 202210027011A CN 114388955 B CN114388955 B CN 114388955B
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- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 224
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 100
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000004282 Grewia occidentalis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a cylindrical battery fixing bracket and a hybrid battery thermal management method, which relate to a cylindrical power battery thermal management scheme, and belong to the technical field of power battery thermal management.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal management of power batteries, in particular to a battery fixing bracket for a cylindrical battery thermal management system, and particularly relates to a cylindrical battery fixing bracket and a hybrid battery thermal management method.
Background
Lithium ion batteries are sensitive to temperature, and too high or too low a temperature can lead to reduced performance or even thermal runaway. In addition, the uneven temperature distribution may cause the state of charge and capacity of the battery module to vary greatly, resulting in reduced battery pack utilization and life. This requires the introduction of a battery thermal management system to ensure that the lithium ion battery operates within a safe temperature range. The battery thermal management system is one of key technologies for coping with battery thermal related problems and ensuring safe and efficient operation of the power battery. Battery thermal management systems can be divided into active thermal management systems (air-cooled, liquid-cooled, etc.) and passive thermal management systems (phase change materials, phase change microcapsules, heat pipes, etc.), as well as combinations of the above. Nowadays, a conventional battery thermal management system can control the working temperature of a power lithium ion battery in a conventional charge and discharge process to be 15-35 ℃ and control the temperature difference to be within 5 ℃. In order to further improve the safety performance of the power lithium ion battery, researchers want to control the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery pack within 3 ℃. The reason for causing the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery mainly comes from two aspects, namely the uneven distribution of the heat generation rate of the single lithium ion battery and the temperature difference of the heat exchange medium of the battery heat management system along the way. Currently, battery thermal management systems proposed by researchers often ignore the influence of a battery holder, which in fact plays a role in positioning and supporting, an indispensable part in a battery module. For cylindrical lithium ion batteries, a plastic bracket made of an insulating ABS material is technically adopted, the material has low heat conductivity coefficient and poor heat dissipation effect, the existence of the material tends to reduce the heat management effect, and the influence of a fixed bracket on the temperature difference of the battery is very important and is an important factor which cannot be ignored absolutely. Although the main liquid cooling heat management system has good heat exchange performance, the temperature difference between the lithium ion battery pack and the single battery can make the single liquid cooling heat management system very complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a hybrid battery thermal management method aiming at the problem of battery axial temperature difference caused by a cylindrical battery fixing bracket.
The invention is realized in the following way:
the cylindrical battery fixing support and the hybrid battery thermal management method comprise a battery module composed of a plurality of cylindrical batteries, and are characterized in that an upper fixing support and a lower fixing support are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the battery module, through holes along the axial direction are formed in four corners of the upper fixing support and the lower fixing support, and air flow channels are formed in the through holes in four corners of the upper fixing support and the lower fixing support along the radial direction;
the upper part and the lower part of the cylindrical battery are provided with air cooling modules, the air cooling modules are provided with an air inlet main pipeline, the end part of the air inlet main pipeline is provided with an air inlet main pipeline inlet, the air inlet main pipeline is communicated with a distributed air jet pipe, the end part of the distributed air jet pipe is provided with an axial orifice, and the side surface of the distributed air jet pipe is provided with a radial orifice;
the battery module is also provided with a liquid cooling module, the liquid cooling module comprises a liquid inlet main pipeline and a liquid outlet main pipeline, and the liquid inlet main pipeline and the liquid outlet main pipeline are respectively positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the battery module; one end of the liquid inlet main pipeline is an inlet of the liquid inlet main pipeline, and one end of the liquid outlet main pipeline is an outlet of the liquid outlet main pipeline; the cooling liquid enters through the inlet of the main liquid inlet pipeline, exchanges heat with the battery through the liquid cooling module and flows out through the outlet of the main liquid outlet pipeline;
the gas jet pipes, the liquid inlet distribution pipes and the liquid outlet distribution pipes are arranged in the four-corner through holes of the upper fixing support and the lower fixing support, the gas jet pipes are simple gas flow channels, the liquid inlet distribution pipes and the liquid outlet distribution pipes are of sleeve structures and are provided with mutually independent gas flow channels and liquid flow channels, the liquid inlet distribution pipes are connected with a main liquid inlet pipe, the liquid flow channels in the liquid inlet distribution pipes are the liquid inlet channels, the liquid outlet distribution pipes are connected with the main liquid outlet pipe, the liquid flow channels in the liquid outlet distribution pipes are the liquid outlet channels, radial jet holes are formed in the side surfaces of the gas jet pipes, the liquid flow passes through the gas flow channels in the four corners of the fixing support through the radial jet holes to perform jet impact heat exchange on the cylindrical batteries, and after entering through the liquid flow inlets of the liquid inlet distribution pipes, liquid flows into the liquid cooling unit inlets of the liquid cooling units through the radial distribution holes in the liquid inlet distribution pipes, then flows into the main liquid outlet pipe from the radial distribution holes in the liquid outlet distribution pipes, and flows out from the main liquid outlet pipe outlets; the inlet of the main air inlet pipeline and the outlet of the main liquid inlet pipeline are respectively connected with the heating/cooling system of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, and the outlet of the main liquid inlet pipeline and the outlet of the main liquid outlet pipeline are respectively connected with the heating/cooling system of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner.
Further, the liquid cooling module adopts one or two liquid cooling units aiming at the cylindrical battery, and the liquid cooling units comprise a double-layer jacket, a buckle, and liquid cooling unit inlets and liquid cooling unit outlets on two sides of the buckle; the liquid flow enters from the inlet of the liquid cooling unit, is baffled from the upper end of the double-layer jacket, flows out from the outlet of the liquid cooling unit, and is attached to the side surface of the cylindrical battery; when two liquid cooling units are adopted, the two liquid cooling units are respectively and symmetrically arranged along the axial direction.
Further, the main liquid inlet pipe is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid inlet distribution pipe, and the main liquid outlet pipe is connected with the liquid outlet of the liquid outlet distribution pipe; the liquid flow enters the liquid inlet main pipeline through the inlet of the liquid inlet main pipeline and then flows into the liquid inlet main pipeline of each liquid inlet distribution pipeline, then flows through the double-layer jacket cavity through the inlet of the liquid cooling unit to perform heat convection on the side surface of the battery, and is converged to the liquid outlet distribution pipeline from the outlet of the liquid cooling unit, and then flows out from the outlet of the liquid outlet main pipeline; the battery module is provided with an air flow outlet, a gas heat exchange medium enters from an inlet of the air flow inlet main pipeline, and the top and the bottom of the battery module, the bracket and the battery clearance are subjected to impact heat exchange through the distributed axial throttle holes and the radial throttle holes, and then the gas heat exchange medium flows out from the air flow outlet of the battery module.
Further, the inlet of the main liquid inlet pipeline and the outlet of the main liquid outlet pipeline are positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the battery module; the main airflow inlet pipe is positioned under the bottom of the cylindrical battery or above the top of the cylindrical battery, or is positioned under the bottom of the cylindrical battery or above the top of the cylindrical battery at the same time, and the number of the axial orifices and the radial orifices is single or multiple.
Further, the cylindrical battery is a lithium ion battery or other secondary battery.
A cylindrical battery fixing bracket and a hybrid battery thermal management method are characterized in that the thermal management method comprises a hybrid thermal management cooperative scheme of air impact jet flow and liquid flow; the cooling medium or the heating medium of the liquid cooling module is connected with the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system, and the cooling medium or the heating medium of the liquid cooling module flows through the jacket cavity to indirectly exchange heat with the side surface of the battery in a convection way to take away the heat of the side surface of the battery; meanwhile, an air cooling module is arranged above, below or above and below the cylindrical battery anode along the axis direction of the battery, an inlet of a liquid inlet main pipeline in the air cooling module, namely, the inlet of the liquid inlet main pipeline is connected with a heating and cooling system of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, an orifice is arranged on an air distribution pipe, air enters from the inlet of an air inlet main pipeline of the air flow, jet impact heat exchange is carried out on the top and the bottom of the battery through a distributed axial orifice and a radial orifice, so that heat of the top and the bottom of the battery is taken away, and the temperature inconsistency of a single lithium ion battery is reduced.
Further, a temperature sensor is arranged in the battery module, and the temperature sensor is connected with a battery management system; when the temperature of the battery is higher than a set value, the battery management system controls the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system to work and introduce a refrigerant medium, and the refrigerant medium in the air cooling module and the liquid cooling module forcedly convects to take away heat generated by the battery, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced; when the temperature of the battery is lower than a set value, the battery management system controls the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system to work and feed a heating medium, the air cooling module and the liquid cooling module heat the battery by forced convection of the heating medium, and the temperature of the battery is increased to control the working temperature range of the battery; the inlet temperature of the main gas heat exchange medium inlet pipeline and the inlet temperature of the liquid heat exchange medium can be set to be the same value or different values.
The beneficial effects of the invention compared with the prior art are as follows:
the invention provides a fixing support for cylindrical battery thermal management based on clearance fit of the fixing support and a lithium ion battery, wherein an air flow channel is formed in the fixing support, and the heat exchange is carried out on the battery between the fixing support and the cylindrical battery by utilizing an air jet impact heat exchange method. The mode can reduce the material of the conventional fixing support, reduce the weight of the fixing support, reduce the adverse effect on heat dissipation caused by the fixing support and improve the temperature consistency of the lithium ion battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a typical cylindrical battery module and a fixing bracket;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid thermal management unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mounting bracket with air flow passages according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a thermal management unit layout for different fixed bracket radii in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the maximum temperature and temperature difference variation of the battery under different battery thermal management in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a mounting bracket with multiple rows of air flow channels in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 illustrates a thermal management unit employing different fixing brackets according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 shows the maximum temperature and temperature difference variation of lithium ion batteries using different fixing brackets in the invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of two different hybrid battery thermal management devices according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 shows the maximum temperature and temperature difference variation of a lithium ion battery under thermal management of two different hybrid batteries according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 shows the maximum temperature and temperature difference variation of the lithium ion battery at different inlet and inlet temperatures according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 shows the maximum temperature and temperature difference variation of the lithium ion battery along the axial direction at different inlet and inlet temperatures according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of an active hybrid battery thermal management device according to the present invention;
the device comprises a 1-cylindrical battery, a 2-upper fixed support, a 3-lower fixed support, a 4-air cooling module, a 5-air inlet main pipeline, a 6-distributed air jet pipe, a 7-air inlet main pipeline inlet, an 8-axial orifice, a 9-radial orifice, a 10-liquid cooling module, an 11-liquid inlet main pipeline, a 12-liquid outlet main pipeline, a 13-liquid inlet main pipeline inlet, a 14-liquid outlet main pipeline outlet, a 15-gas jet pipe, a 16-liquid distribution pipe, a 17-liquid outlet distribution pipe, a 18-radial jet hole, a 19-radial distribution hole, a 20-liquid outlet pipe liquid outlet, a 21-liquid inlet distribution pipe liquid inlet, a 22-double-layer jacket, a 23-buckle, a 24-liquid cooling unit inlet, a 25-liquid cooling unit outlet, a 26-liquid cooling unit, a 27-throttle pore and a 28-air flow channel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions, and effects of the present invention more apparent. It should be noted that the detailed description herein is for purposes of illustration only and is not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a typical cylindrical battery module is formed by splicing battery cells, which mainly include a cylindrical battery, an upper fixing bracket and a lower fixing bracket, in a row-column manner, with the battery cells being arranged in between the upper fixing bracket and the lower fixing bracket. From the perspective of thermal management, the fixing support can cause that liquid cooling and thermal management is difficult to effectively cover positive and negative end regions of the cylindrical battery, so that temperature of the lithium ion battery monomer is inconsistent along the axis direction, and generally, the fixing support and the battery are in transition fit, a certain gap exists between the fixing support and the battery, and if an air flow channel is arranged on the fixing support, the heat exchange difficulty of the positive and negative end regions can be effectively solved by introducing an impact jet heat exchange mode. Meanwhile, a certain space exists above and below the battery module, and the space utilization rate of the battery module can be improved by arranging the air cooling air supply pipeline or the liquid cooling air supply pipeline in the area. The invention provides an active hybrid battery thermal management method, as shown in fig. 13, wherein a liquid cooling unit is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of a cylindrical battery, and air cooling modules 4 are arranged above and below a battery module, so that the synergistic effect is exerted when liquid cooling and air cooling are combined.
The top and the bottom of the battery module are respectively provided with an upper fixing support 2 and a lower fixing support 3, four corners of the upper fixing support 2 and the lower fixing support 3 are provided with through holes along the axial direction, and meanwhile, the through holes at four corners of the upper fixing support 2 and the lower fixing support 3 are provided with airflow channels along the radial direction. The upper portion and the lower part of cylindrical battery 1 be provided with air-cooled module 4, air-cooled module 4 be provided with air inlet trunk line 5, the tip of air inlet trunk line 5 is provided with air inlet trunk line entry 7, air inlet trunk line 5 and distributed air jet pipe 6 intercommunication, distributed air jet pipe 6 tip sets up axial orifice 8, distributed air jet pipe 6 side set up radial orifice 9.
The battery module is also provided with a liquid cooling module 10, and the liquid cooling module 10 comprises a liquid inlet main pipeline 11 and a liquid outlet main pipeline 12; the end part of the main liquid inlet pipeline 11 is provided with a main liquid inlet pipeline inlet 13, and the end part of the main liquid outlet pipeline 12 is provided with a main liquid outlet pipeline outlet 14. The cooling liquid enters through the inlet 13 of the main liquid inlet pipe, exchanges heat with the battery through the liquid cooling module 10 and flows out through the outlet 14 of the main liquid outlet pipe;
the gas jet pipes 15, the liquid inlet distribution pipes 16 and the liquid outlet distribution pipes 17 are arranged in the through holes at four corners of the upper fixed support 2 and the lower fixed support 3, the gas jet pipes 15 are simple gas flow channels, the liquid inlet distribution pipes 16 and the liquid outlet distribution pipes 17 are of sleeve structures and are provided with mutually independent gas flow and liquid flow channels, the liquid inlet distribution pipes 16 are connected with the main liquid inlet pipe 11, the liquid flow channels in the liquid inlet distribution pipes 16 are liquid inlet channels, the liquid outlet distribution pipes 17 are connected with the main liquid outlet pipe 12, the liquid flow channels in the liquid outlet distribution pipes 17 are liquid outlet channels, radial jet holes 18 are formed in the side surfaces of the gas jet pipes 15, the liquid inlet distribution pipes 16 and the liquid outlet distribution pipes 17, the gas flow performs jet impact heat exchange on the cylindrical batteries through the gas flow channels at four corners of the fixed support through the radial jet holes 18, and after the liquid flow enters through the liquid flow inlets 21 of the liquid inlet distribution pipes 16, the liquid flows into the liquid cooling unit inlets 24 of the liquid cooling units 26 through the radial distribution holes 19 on the liquid inlet distribution pipes 16, then flows into the main liquid outlet pipe 12 from the radial distribution holes 19 on the liquid outlet pipes 17, and flows out of the main liquid outlet pipe 14; the air inlet main pipeline inlet 7 and the air outlet are respectively connected with a vehicle-mounted air conditioner heating/cooling system, and the liquid inlet main pipeline inlet 13 and the liquid outlet main pipeline outlet 14 are respectively connected with the vehicle-mounted heating/cooling system.
Example 1
To further explain the active hybrid battery thermal management scheme, a thermal management structure of one battery is selected for description, as shown in fig. 2. The cylindrical battery comprises a cylindrical battery 1, an upper fixing support 2, a lower fixing support 3, a gas jet pipe 15, a liquid cooling unit 26 and the like, wherein the liquid cooling unit 26 mainly comprises a double-layer jacket 22 and a buckle 23. The liquid cooling unit 26 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the double-layer jacket 22 can be made of aluminum, the buckle 23 can be made of rubber, and the like.
When the temperature of the battery is below a reasonable temperature range, the heating medium fluid medium enters from the inlet of each buckle 23 and flows out from the outlet of the buckle. For the liquid cooling unit on the upper side, the heat medium enters the jacket inner layer from the bottom buckle to flow from bottom to top, flows from top to bottom after being baffled by the top buckle, then flows out from the bottom buckle outlet, and exchanges heat with the battery to take away the heat of the battery in the process that the heat medium flows from bottom to top in the jacket inner layer; for the liquid cooling unit at the lower side, the heat medium enters the jacket from the bottom buckle and flows downwards from the top buckle after being baffled from the outer layer of the jacket, then flows out from the outlet of the bottom buckle, and exchanges heat with the battery to take away the heat of the battery in the process that the inner layer of the jacket flows downwards from top; simultaneously, a heating medium gas medium enters from an inlet of the air distribution pipe, passes through the throttle holes and heats corresponding areas of the lithium ion battery, the upper fixing support and the lower fixing support, and then flows out along outlets around the battery module. When the temperature of the battery is higher than a reasonable temperature range, the refrigerant liquid medium enters from the inlet of each main liquid heat exchange medium pipeline, and flows out from the outlet after heat exchange with the lithium ion battery in the flowing process. The refrigerant gas medium enters from the inlet of the air distribution pipe, performs jet impact heat exchange on the top and the bottom of the lithium ion battery, and then flows out along the periphery outlets of the battery module.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, embodiment 2 is a fixing bracket with an airflow channel. Through holes are formed in four corners of the fixing support, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the radial directionThe inner hole of the fixing bracket is larger than that of the lithium ion battery, and a certain gap exists between the inner hole and the fixing bracket. When the inner diameters of the fixing support are 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm and 9.4mm respectively, the lithium ion battery thermal management unit is shown in fig. 4, and it can be seen that the gap between the fixing support and the battery is gradually increased as the inner diameter of the fixing support is gradually increased. Under certain simplified conditions, the mass flow rate of the cooling liquid inlet is 3 multiplied by 10 -4 When kg/s and the air inlet flow rate are 3m/s, under a conventional fixed support, the inner diameter of the fixed support is 9.1mm (marked as hybrid thermal management-Case 1), the inner diameter is 9.2mm (marked as hybrid thermal management-Case 2) and the inner diameter is 9.3mm (marked as hybrid thermal management-Case 3), the maximum temperature rise and the temperature difference change curve of the lithium ion battery are shown as shown in fig. 5, and compared with the conventional fixed support simple liquid cooling thermal management scheme, the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery can be effectively reduced by adopting the hybrid thermal management scheme provided by the invention, and the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery are all in an increasing trend along with the increase of the inner diameter of the fixed support, which can be caused by the increase of the gap between the fixed support and the battery and the decrease of the number of noose of air jet impact heat exchange surfaces.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 6, in order to increase the area of convection heat transfer by the air jet impact heat transfer, more multi-flow small holes 27 may be formed in the circumferential direction of the inner diameter of the fixing support. The air inlet of the throttle aperture is arranged on the side surface of the four corner through holes of the fixed bracket, and the air flow channel 28 is arranged inside the fixed bracket. Two fixing support structures are shown in fig. 7, one fixing support is provided with four rows of throttling holes in the circumferential direction as shown in fig. 7 (a), and the other fixing support is provided with eight rows of throttling holes in the circumferential direction as shown in fig. 7 (b). In the four-row orifice arrangement (labeled caseA) and eight-row orifice arrangement (labeled caseB), the maximum temperature and temperature difference curves of the lithium ion battery at air inlet speeds of 3m/s and 4m/s, respectively, are shown in FIG. 8, and it can be seen that as the number of orifice rows increases, the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the lithium ion battery increases, which is mainly due to the fact that the number of orifice rows increases, resulting in a decrease in the air flow pressure.
Example 4
As shown in FIG. 9, high temperature aggregation areas exist at the top and the bottom of the lithium ion battery, so that the temperature inconsistency of the lithium ion battery is increased, and the invention proposes to introduce jet air cooling at the top and the bottom of the lithium ion battery to perform jet impact heat exchange on the lithium ion battery so as to reduce the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery along the axial direction. The side impact jet air cooling+liquid cooling scheme is shown in fig. 9 (a), and the axial direction+side impact jet air cooling+liquid cooling scheme is shown in fig. 9 (b). Under the side impact jet air cooling+liquid cooling scheme (marked as CaseA) and the axial direction+side impact jet air cooling+liquid cooling scheme (marked as CaseC), the temperature rise and the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery with the air inlet speed of 3ms are shown in fig. 10, and it can be seen that the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery can be further reduced by introducing the axial impact jet.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 11, in the air-cooled and liquid-cooled hybrid battery thermal management scheme, the air inlet temperature and the cooling liquid inlet temperature are independent, based on which a differential inlet temperature can be set, and the cooling liquid inlet temperature and the air inlet temperature set a certain gradient. The mass flow rate at the cooling liquid inlet is 3 multiplied by 10 -4 When the flow rate of kg/s and the air inlet is 3m/s, the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is 25 ℃ and 25 ℃ (marked as w_25 ℃ and w_25 ℃), the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is 25 ℃ and 27 ℃ (marked as w_25 ℃ and w_27 ℃), the temperature of the air inlet is 23 ℃ and 27 ℃ (marked as w_23 ℃ and w_27 ℃), the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet is 25 ℃ and 27 ℃ (marked as w_25 ℃ C and w_27 ℃), the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery are reduced to a certain extent, and the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery are 25 ℃ C and 25 ℃ C at the temperature of the cooling liquid inlet. The temperature distribution curves of the lithium ion battery along the axial direction are shown in fig. 12 under different cooling liquid inlet temperatures and air inlet temperatures, and it can be seen that the temperature consistency of the lithium ion battery along the axial direction is best when the cooling liquid inlet temperature is 25 ℃, and the air inlet temperature is 25 ℃.
When the temperature of the battery is too high, the refrigerant medium of the active hybrid battery thermal management system takes away the heat generated by the battery, the temperature of the battery is reduced, the battery is heated by the heat medium of the active hybrid battery thermal management system, and the temperature of the battery is increased so as to control the battery to be in a proper working temperature range.
The present invention is effective in heat dissipation of a battery pack having a cylindrical shape, such as 18650 cylindrical batteries or 26650, 18190, 42110 cylindrical batteries in the present invention.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention, which modifications would also be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The cylindrical battery fixing bracket comprises a battery module consisting of a plurality of cylindrical batteries (1), and is characterized in that an upper fixing bracket (2) and a lower fixing bracket (3) are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the battery module, through holes along the axial direction are formed in four corners of the upper fixing bracket (2) and the lower fixing bracket (3), and air flow channels are arranged in the through holes along the radial direction in the four corners of the upper fixing bracket (2) and the lower fixing bracket (3);
the upper part and the lower part of the cylindrical battery (1) are provided with air cooling modules (4), the air cooling modules (4) are provided with an air inlet main pipe (5), the end part of the air inlet main pipe (5) is provided with an air inlet main pipe inlet (7), the air inlet main pipe (5) is communicated with a distributed air jet pipe (6), the end part of the distributed air jet pipe (6) is provided with an axial orifice (8), and the side surface of the distributed air jet pipe (6) is provided with a radial orifice (9);
the battery module is also provided with a liquid cooling module (10), the liquid cooling module (10) comprises a main liquid inlet pipeline (11) and a main liquid outlet pipeline (12), and the main liquid inlet pipeline (11) and the main liquid outlet pipeline (12) are respectively positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the battery module; one end of the liquid inlet main pipe (11) is a liquid inlet main pipe inlet (13), and one end of the liquid outlet main pipe (12) is a liquid outlet main pipe outlet (14); the cooling liquid enters through the inlet (13) of the main liquid inlet pipe, exchanges heat with the battery through the liquid cooling module (10), and flows out through the outlet (14) of the main liquid outlet pipe;
the device is characterized in that gas jet pipes (15), liquid inlet distribution pipes (16) and liquid outlet distribution pipes (17) are arranged in four-corner through holes of the upper fixed support (2) and the lower fixed support (3), the gas jet pipes (15) are simple airflow channels, the liquid inlet distribution pipes (16) and the liquid outlet distribution pipes (17) are of sleeve structures and are provided with mutually independent airflow and liquid flow channels, the liquid inlet distribution pipes (16) are connected with a liquid inlet main pipe (11), the liquid flow channels inside the liquid inlet distribution pipes (16) are liquid inlet channels, the liquid outlet distribution pipes (17) are connected with a liquid outlet main pipe (12), the liquid flow channels inside the liquid outlet distribution pipes (17) are liquid outlet channels, radial jet holes (18) are formed in the side surfaces of the gas jet pipes (15), the liquid inlet distribution pipes (16) and the liquid outlet distribution pipes (17), after the airflow enters through airflow channels at four corners of the fixed support, jet impact heat exchange on cylindrical batteries through the liquid inlet distribution pipe liquid flow inlets (21) of the liquid inlet distribution pipes (16), the liquid flows into liquid cooling units (24) of liquid cooling units (26) through radial distribution pipes (19) on the liquid inlet distribution pipes, flows out of the liquid outlet units (14) from the main pipes (14); the air inlet main pipeline inlet (7) and the air outlet are respectively connected with the vehicle-mounted air conditioner heating/cooling system, and the liquid inlet main pipeline inlet (13) and the liquid outlet main pipeline outlet (14) are respectively connected with the vehicle-mounted heating/cooling system.
2. The cylindrical battery fixing bracket according to claim 1, wherein the liquid cooling module (10) adopts one or two liquid cooling units (26) for the cylindrical battery, and the liquid cooling units (26) comprise a double-layer jacket (22), a buckle (23), liquid cooling unit inlets (24) and liquid cooling unit outlets (25) on two sides of the buckle (23); the liquid flow enters from the liquid cooling unit inlet (24), is deflected from the upper end of the double-layer jacket (22), flows out from the liquid cooling unit outlet (25), and the liquid cooling unit (26) is attached to the side surface of the cylindrical battery (1); when two liquid cooling units (26) are adopted, the two liquid cooling units are respectively and symmetrically arranged along the axial direction.
3. A cylindrical battery fixing bracket according to claim 1, wherein the main liquid inlet pipe (11) is connected with the liquid inlet pipe liquid flow inlet (21) of the liquid inlet distribution pipe (16), and the main liquid outlet pipe (12) is connected with the liquid outlet pipe liquid flow outlet (20) of the liquid outlet distribution pipe (17); the liquid flow enters the liquid inlet main pipeline (11) through the liquid inlet main pipeline inlet (13) and then flows into liquid inlet main pipeline inlets (21) of liquid inlet distribution pipelines (16), then flows through a cavity of a double-layer jacket (22) through a liquid cooling unit inlet (24) to perform heat convection on the side surface of the battery, and is converged to the liquid outlet distribution pipeline (17) from a liquid cooling unit outlet (25), and then flows out from a liquid outlet main pipeline outlet (14) of the liquid outlet main pipeline (12); the battery module is provided with an airflow outlet, a gas heat exchange medium enters from an airflow inlet main pipeline inlet (7), and the top and the bottom of the battery module, the bracket and a battery gap are subjected to impact heat exchange through a distributed axial orifice (8) and a radial orifice (9), and then the gas heat exchange medium flows out from the airflow outlet of the battery module.
4. A cylindrical battery fixing bracket according to claim 1, wherein the inlet (13) and the outlet (14) of the main liquid inlet pipe are positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the battery module; the main airflow inlet pipe (5) is positioned under the bottom of the cylindrical battery (1) or above the top of the cylindrical battery (1), or is positioned under the bottom of the cylindrical battery or above the top of the cylindrical battery at the same time, and the number of the axial throttle holes (8) and the radial throttle holes (9) is single or multiple.
5. A cylindrical battery holder according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical battery (1) is a lithium ion battery or other secondary battery.
6. The hybrid battery thermal management method of a cylindrical battery holder according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the thermal management method comprises a hybrid thermal management co-scheme of air impingement jet and liquid flow; the cooling medium or heating medium of the liquid cooling module (10) is connected with the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system, and the cooling medium or heating medium of the liquid cooling module (10) flows through the jacket cavity (22) to carry out indirect convection heat exchange with the side surface of the battery to take away the heat of the side surface of the battery; meanwhile, an air cooling module (4) is arranged above, below or both above and below the cylindrical battery positive electrode along the axis direction of the battery, an air inlet main pipeline inlet (7) of an air inlet main pipeline (5) is connected with a vehicle-mounted air conditioner heating and cooling system, and a distributed air jet pipe (6) is provided with an orifice; air enters from an inlet (7) of the main air inlet pipeline, and jet impact heat exchange is carried out on the top and bottom areas of the battery through a distributed axial orifice (8) and a radial orifice (9), so that heat at the top and bottom of the battery is taken away, and the temperature inconsistency of a single lithium ion battery is reduced.
7. The method for thermal management of a hybrid battery of a cylindrical battery holder according to claim 6, wherein a temperature sensor is further provided inside the battery module, and the temperature sensor is connected to a battery management system; when the temperature of the battery is higher than a set value, the battery management system controls the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system to work and introduce a refrigerant medium, and the refrigerant medium in the air cooling module (4) and the liquid cooling module (10) forcedly convects to take away heat generated by the battery, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced; when the temperature of the battery is lower than a set value, the battery management system controls the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system to work and feed a heating medium, the air cooling module (4) and the liquid cooling module (10) heat the battery by forced convection of the heating medium, and the temperature of the battery is increased to control the working temperature range of the battery; the inlet temperature of the main gas heat exchange medium inlet pipeline and the inlet temperature of the liquid heat exchange medium can be set to be the same value or different values.
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