CN114369495B - Cutting fluid and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Cutting fluid and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114369495B CN114369495B CN202111656585.9A CN202111656585A CN114369495B CN 114369495 B CN114369495 B CN 114369495B CN 202111656585 A CN202111656585 A CN 202111656585A CN 114369495 B CN114369495 B CN 114369495B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/08—Amides
- C10M2215/082—Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a cutting fluid, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation raw materials of the cutting fluid comprise: 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, benzotriazole, potassium borate, alkanolamide and gum arabic. The cutting fluid disclosed by the invention has the advantages that normal lubrication, rust prevention and cooling performance are ensured, meanwhile, the cleaning performance is increased, so that normal processing can be ensured, meanwhile, the cleanliness of the surface of a workpiece can be ensured, the yield of a product is improved, reworking is reduced, meanwhile, the processing technology is simplified, the cleaning technology is omitted, the production of waste liquid is reduced, and the technology cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal processing, and particularly relates to a cutting fluid and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Cutting fluid (coolant) is an industrial liquid used in the metal cutting and grinding process and used for cooling and lubricating a cutter and a workpiece, and is formed by scientifically compounding and matching a plurality of super functional auxiliary agents, and meanwhile, the cutting fluid has good cooling performance, lubricating performance, rust prevention performance, oil removal and cleaning functions, anti-corrosion functions and dilutability. The water-based cutting fluids can be classified into emulsion, semisynthetic cutting fluids, and fully synthetic cutting fluids. The classification of emulsions, semisynthetics, and total syntheses generally depends on the type of base oil in the product: the emulsion is a water-soluble cutting fluid which only takes mineral oil as base oil; the semisynthetic cutting fluid is a water-soluble cutting fluid containing both mineral oil and chemically synthesized base oil; the fully synthetic cutting fluid is a water-soluble cutting fluid using only a chemically synthetic base oil (i.e., no mineral oil).
In the cast iron processing industry, cutting fluid is very important for the operation of a processing die, and is a key for reducing heat and friction in a processing system and protecting metal surfaces. However, the traditional fully-synthetic cutting fluid is mainly emulsified by organic alcohol amine, realizes a cleaning effect by water and spray pressure, has poor cleaning effect, and secondly, has the defects that the surface of a processed workpiece is dirty, and more equipment oil, metal scraps and other stains remain on the surface, so that the difficulty and cost of subsequent cleaning are increased, and the sewage amount is increased; the metal scraps adhered to the surface of the workpiece easily cause the workpiece to scratch, so that the yield is reduced. For example, in the related art, base oil including polyester GY25, tall oil and naphthenic base oil is adopted, and organic alcohol amine is adopted as an emulsifier, so that the selected base oil has poor high temperature resistance, and the components are extremely easy to oxidize along with heat dissipation in the processing process, so that the cutting fluid becomes viscous, and the cleaning effect is lost.
Therefore, developing a cutting fluid that is simple in processing technology and ensures cleanliness of the surface of a workpiece has been a concern in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art described above. Therefore, the invention provides the cutting fluid, which is prepared from the raw materials of 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, benzotriazole, potassium borate, alkanolamide and gum arabic, and can ensure normal lubrication, rust prevention and cooling performance, and meanwhile, the cleaning performance is improved, so that normal processing can be ensured, meanwhile, the cleanliness of the surface of a workpiece can be ensured, the yield of products is improved, and reworking is reduced. Simplifying the processing technology, omitting the cleaning technology, reducing the production of waste liquid and lowering the cost for enterprises.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the cutting fluid.
The invention also provides application of the cutting fluid in cast iron machining.
The invention also provides application of the cutting fluid in the cast iron machining process.
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cutting fluid, the preparation raw material comprising: 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, benzotriazole, potassium borate, alkanolamide and gum arabic.
The cutting fluid disclosed by the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) The gum arabic structure of the invention is provided with partial protein substances and rhamnose, so that the gum arabic has very good hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, is a very good natural oil-in-water emulsion stabilizer, and can effectively prevent oil stains from being secondarily adsorbed on the surface of a metal workpiece.
(2) The cutting fluid can ensure normal lubrication, rust prevention and cooling performance, and meanwhile, the cleaning performance of the cutting fluid is improved, so that the cutting fluid can ensure normal processing, meanwhile, the cleanliness of the surface of a workpiece can be ensured, the yield of products is improved, and reworking is reduced;
the cleaning agent has good cleaning performance, so that the subsequent cleaning process can be omitted, the processing process is simplified, the production of waste liquid is reduced, and the cost is reduced for enterprises. Therefore, the cutting fluid can be used as a cast iron machining cleaning-free total-synthesis cutting fluid, and has more excellent cleaning capability besides meeting the normal rust prevention, lubrication and cooling performances in the machining process.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation raw materials of the cutting fluid further include: defoamer, boric acid and water.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the cutting fluid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, 3-5 parts of benzotriazole, 3-5 parts of potassium borate, 5-10 parts of alkanolamide, 5-10 parts of gum arabic, 1-3 parts of defoamer, 10-15 parts of boric acid and 40-60 parts of water.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the cutting fluid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, 6-8 parts of alkanolamide, 7-9 parts of gum arabic, 12-14 parts of boric acid and 54-56 parts of water.
The 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol of the present invention serves as a pH stabilizer, and can also provide good emulsifying property and rust inhibitive performance. The emulsifying property of the water-soluble polymer is utilized to assist in improving the cleaning capacity of the system.
The invention uses alkanolamide as a nonionic activator, has good permeation, wetting and solubilization effects, and has excellent cleaning effect after being compounded with 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol and gum arabic, wherein the surface tension is reduced, the contact angle is reduced, the wetting force and the emulsifying performance are obviously better than those of a monomer.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a cutting fluid is provided, the method being used for preparing the cutting fluid.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method comprises the steps of:
s1: mixing water, the 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, the boric acid, the benzotriazole, and the potassium borate.
S2: and (2) adding the gum arabic, the alkanolamide and the defoamer into the mixed solution obtained in the step (S1) for mixing.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S1, the temperature of the mixing is 75-90 ℃.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S1, the mixing is for a period of 40 to 50 minutes.
In a third aspect of the invention, an application of the cutting fluid in a cast iron machining process is provided.
Detailed Description
The conception and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments below to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and that other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment prepares a cutting fluid, which comprises the following specific processes:
the cutting fluid in this embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the cutting fluid comprises the following steps:
s1: sequentially adding water, 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, boric acid, benzene triazole and potassium borate into a stirring vessel, stirring while adding, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for 45min until the mixture is uniform and transparent to obtain a mixed solution;
s2: adding gum arabic, alkanolamide and defoamer into the mixed solution, and continuously stirring until the solution becomes uniform transparent liquid to obtain the product.
Example 2
The embodiment prepares a cutting fluid, which comprises the following specific processes:
the cutting fluid in this embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the cutting fluid comprises the following steps:
s1: sequentially adding water, 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, boric acid, benzene triazole and potassium borate into a stirring vessel, stirring while adding, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for 45min until the mixture is uniform and transparent to obtain a mixed solution;
s2: adding gum arabic, alkanolamide and defoamer into the mixed solution, and continuously stirring until the solution becomes uniform transparent liquid to obtain the product.
Example 3
The embodiment prepares a cutting fluid, which comprises the following specific processes:
the cutting fluid in this embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the cutting fluid comprises the following steps:
s1: sequentially adding water, 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, boric acid, benzene triazole and potassium borate into a stirring vessel, stirring while adding, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for 45min until the mixture is uniform and transparent to obtain a mixed solution;
s2: adding gum arabic, alkanolamide and defoamer into the mixed solution, and continuously stirring until the solution becomes uniform transparent liquid to obtain the product.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example, which does not include alkanolamide as compared with example 1, was prepared as a cutting fluid consisting of the following parts by weight:
the preparation method of the cutting fluid comprises the following steps:
s1: sequentially adding water, 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, boric acid, benzene triazole and potassium borate into a stirring vessel, stirring while adding, heating to 75-90 ℃ and stirring for 45min until the mixture is uniform and transparent to obtain a mixed solution;
s2: adding gum arabic and defoamer into the above mixed solution, and stirring until the solution becomes uniform transparent liquid to obtain the final product.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example, in which a cutting fluid was prepared in which gum arabic was not added as compared with the example, was composed of the following parts by weight:
the preparation method of the cutting fluid comprises the following steps:
s1: sequentially adding water, 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, boric acid, benzene triazole and potassium borate into a stirring vessel, stirring while adding, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for 45min until the mixture is uniform and transparent to obtain a mixed solution;
s2: adding alkanolamide and a defoaming agent into the mixed solution, and continuously stirring until the solution becomes uniform transparent liquid to obtain the product.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example prepares a cutting fluid, and the comparative example provides a casting similar cutting fluid which comprises the following components in percentage:
test example 1
This test example 1 tested the cutting fluid properties obtained in examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-3 as follows:
cast iron (model HT 300) with a length of 20cm, a width of 20cm and a height of 20cm obtained by die casting was subjected to six-face milling, a cutter feed amount of 1mm/s and a processing time of 5min, and cutting fluids used were 5wt% dilutions of the cutting fluids obtained in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 3, and a nozzle pressure of the cutting fluid was 1MPA.
The cleanliness test is carried out on the processed workpiece, and the cleanliness test mode is as follows:
1. washing the surface of the object to be measured with 500mL of 141B (fluorodichloroethane) solution, and collecting the washed liquid;
2. heating the filter paper and the beaker to 120 ℃ in a high-temperature box, and carrying out constant weight to determine that the mass of the filter paper is G0 and the mass of the beaker is S0;
4. filtering the liquid obtained in the step 1 by using the filter paper obtained in the step 2, and collecting the filtered filtrate by using the beaker obtained in the step 2;
5. heating and drying the filter paper obtained in the step 4 again, repeating the step 2, and recording the quality as G1;
6. placing the filtrate in the beaker into a 35 ℃ incubator for constant weight, and determining the mass as S1;
7. cleanliness c= (G1-G0) solid impurities + (S1-S0) liquid impurities;
8. the data obtained are presented in table 1.
TABLE 1 cutting fluid Performance test results
| Examples and comparative examples | Cleanliness C/mg |
| Example 1 | 23.17 |
| Example 2 | 25.02 |
| Example 3 | 24.11 |
| Comparative example 1 | 77.73 |
| Comparative example 2 | 64.52 |
| Comparative example 3 | 103.57 |
The higher the value of the cleanliness C, the worse the cleaning effect, and the data comparison of the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 shows that the introduction of the gum arabic and the alkanolamide can obviously improve the cleaning capability of the system; the data comparison of the examples with the comparative examples 3 from 1 to 3 shows that the product has stronger cleaning performance compared with the similar cutting fluid. And provides feasibility for eliminating the cleaning process.
The foregoing description is only of specific embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Insubstantial changes in certain process technologies, or substitutions of related technologies, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are all within the scope of the protection claimed in this application where insubstantial changes made by the present invention are deduced under the teachings of the concepts and embodiments described in this application.
Claims (6)
1. The cutting fluid is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, 3-5 parts of benzotriazole, 3-5 parts of potassium borate, 5-10 parts of alkanolamide, 5-10 parts of gum arabic, 1-3 parts of an antifoaming agent, 10-15 parts of boric acid and 40-60 parts of water.
2. A method for preparing the cutting fluid according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1: mixing water, the 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, the boric acid, the benzotriazole, and the potassium borate;
s2: and (2) mixing the gum arabic, the alkanolamide and the defoamer with the mixed solution obtained in the step (S1).
3. The method of preparing a cutting fluid according to claim 2, wherein in step S1, the mixing temperature is 75 to 90 ℃.
4. The method for preparing a cutting fluid according to claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the mixing time is 40-50 min.
5. Use of the cutting fluid according to claim 1 in metal working.
6. Use of the cutting fluid according to claim 1 in a cast iron machining process.
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| CN202111656585.9A CN114369495B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Cutting fluid and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN202111656585.9A CN114369495B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Cutting fluid and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN114369495B true CN114369495B (en) | 2023-06-06 |
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| CN102660368A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-09-12 | 启东尤希路化学工业有限公司 | Biodegradable hard water-resistant water-soluble metalworking liquid |
| CN104327933A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-04 | 巢湖广丰金属制品有限公司 | Environmental-protection lubricating water-based cutting fluid |
| CN104498163B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2017-06-06 | 清华大学 | Water-soluble total synthesis metal processing liquid and its application |
| CN111423928A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-17 | 中山仝垚润滑科技有限公司 | Cutting fluid for machining cast iron and aluminum alloy mixed part and preparation method thereof |
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