CN114361293A - Double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910007709 ZnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002202 sandwich sublimation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NNN=N1 MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1828—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof the active layers comprising only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, CdTe
- H01L31/1836—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof the active layers comprising only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, CdTe comprising a growth substrate not being an AIIBVI compound
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
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- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
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- H01L31/073—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type comprising only AIIBVI compound semiconductors, e.g. CdS/CdTe solar cells
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- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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- Y02E10/543—Solar cells from Group II-VI materials
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, and particularly relates to a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The cadmium telluride solar cell is a thin film solar cell based on a heterojunction of p-type CdTe and n-type CdS/CdSe, and has the advantages of convenience in manufacturing, low cost, lighter weight and the like compared with a monocrystalline silicon solar cell. The absorption spectrum of cadmium telluride is consistent with the solar spectrum, and can absorb more than 95% of sunlight. The CdTe solar cell has the advantage of good weak light power generation performance, so that the development of a double-sided light-transmitting CdTe solar cell structure for realizing the power generation gain of a non-light-receiving surface of the device has a good application prospect. However, the conventional Mo metal back electrode is a light-tight material layer, and the CdTe solar cell cannot absorb sunlight from the back surface. Researches have been made on the adoption of P-type transparent oxide to replace Mo electrodes to realize double-sided light transmission, but the P-type transparent oxide has higher resistance than N-type TCO, so that the problems of high series resistance, low current and low filling of the battery are caused, and the overall efficiency is influenced. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a CdTe solar cell structure with a transparent back electrode with high conductivity to improve the light energy utilization rate and the total power generation capacity of the CdTe solar cell.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention is directed to a method for manufacturing a double-sided CdTe solar cell, which is used to solve the problem that the CdTe solar cell can only receive light on one side.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell, comprising the steps of:
1) providing a transparent substrate layer with a transparent bottom electrode, and depositing a CdS/CdSe buffer layer on the transparent bottom electrode; depositing a CdTe light absorption layer on the CdS/CdSe buffer layer, and performing activation annealing treatment on the CdTe light absorption layer through an activation annealing process;
2) a back contact layer is deposited on the CdTe light absorption layer;
3) scribing by using a first laser, cutting off the transparent bottom electrode, the CdS/CdSe buffer layer, the CdS/CdSe light absorption layer and the back contact layer, and dividing the whole film layer into a plurality of battery units;
4) coating photoresist, exposing and developing by ultraviolet light in the direction of the substrate, and filling the reticle;
5) cleaning the unexposed photoresist, scribing a line beside each scribing position close to the first laser by adopting a second laser, and cutting off the CdS/CdSe buffer layer and the CdS/CdSe light absorption layer;
6) depositing PEDOT on the whole film surface, namely a PSS transparent electrode;
7) printing low-temperature cured silver paste grid lines on the PEDOT, PSS transparent electrode in parallel to the scribing direction, and drying and curing to obtain a silver grid line back electrode;
8) and scribing lines beside each scribing line close to the second laser by using a third laser, scribing off the CdS/CdSe buffer layer, the CdS/CdSe light absorption layer and the back electrode, and sequentially arranging the first laser, the second laser and the third laser scribing lines to obtain the CdTe solar cell with a plurality of cell units connected in series.
Optionally, the transparent substrate layer is one of an ultra-white glass substrate, a tempered glass substrate and an organic glass substrate; the transparent bottom electrode is made of one of an ITO conductive film layer, an FTO conductive film layer and an AZO conductive film layer.
Optionally, the CdS/CdSe buffer layer is 50-100 nm thick, and the CdTe light absorption layer is 2.0-4.0 μm thick; the deposition method of the CdS/CdSe buffer layer and the CdTe light absorption layer comprises one of vapor transmission deposition and close-space sublimation deposition.
Optionally, the activation annealing temperature is 350-600 ℃, and the time is 5-40 min.
PSS transparent electrode deposition method is slit coating, roller coating, chemical vapor deposition, and conductivity is more than 600Scm-1。
Optionally, the width of the top electrode of the silver grid line is 40-100 μm, and the curing temperature is less than 180 ℃.
Optionally, the width of the laser scribe line is 20-100 μm, and the edge distance between adjacent scribe lines in each group of scribe lines is 30-100 μm.
Optionally, the back contact layer is made of Cu-doped ZnTe and has a thickness of 20-30 nm.
Optionally, a window layer is arranged between the transparent bottom electrode and the CdS/CdSe buffer layer, the window layer is an MgZnO film layer, and the thickness of the window layer is 40-70 nm.
The invention also provides a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell, which at least comprises the following structures:
a transparent substrate layer; and a transparent bottom electrode, a window layer, a CdS/CdSe buffer layer, a CdTe light absorption layer, a back contact layer, PEDOT, a PSS transparent conductive layer and a silver grid line back electrode are sequentially deposited on the transparent substrate layer.
As described above, the method for manufacturing a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell according to the present invention has the following advantageous effects: PSS electrode and silver grid line are matched to replace traditional Mo electrode to realize double-sided light receiving power generation of CdTe solar cell, meanwhile, the problems of high series resistance and low filling caused by low conductivity of P-type transparent oxide electrode are avoided, and the whole power generation efficiency and power generation capacity are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a process flow diagram of a manufacturing method of a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell of the invention.
Fig. 2 to 10 are schematic structural views showing steps of the method for manufacturing a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell according to the present invention, wherein fig. 10 shows a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell structure according to the present invention.
Element number description:
100 transparent substrate layer
200 transparent bottom electrode
300 semiconductor heterojunction
301 CdS/CdSe buffer layers
302 CdTe light absorption layer
400 window layer
500 photo resist
600 PEDOT PSS transparent electrode layer
700 silver grid line
S1-S8
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided by way of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
As in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structures are not partially enlarged in general scale for convenience of illustration, and the schematic views are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
For convenience in description, spatial relational terms such as "below," "beneath," "below," "under," "over," "upper," and the like may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that these terms of spatial relationship are intended to encompass other orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. Further, when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or one or more intervening layers may also be present.
In the context of this application, a structure described as having a first feature "on" a second feature may include embodiments in which the first and second features are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which additional features are formed in between the first and second features, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, it should be noted that the drawings provided in the present embodiment are only schematic illustrations for explaining the basic idea of the present invention, and the drawings only show the components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, number and ratio of the components in actual implementation may be changed arbitrarily, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
The present embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell, which includes steps S1 to S8 as shown in fig. 1.
Specifically, the specific process of the manufacturing method of the double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell of the embodiment is as shown in fig. 2 to 9:
as shown in fig. 2, a transparent substrate layer 100 with a transparent bottom electrode 200 is provided and a window layer 400 is deposited on the bottom electrode 200 of the substrate layer 100. The substrate layer can be one of an ultra-white glass substrate, a toughened glass substrate and an organic glass substrate; the bottom electrode is made of one of an ITO conductive film layer, an FTO conductive film layer and an AZO conductive film layer. The window layer 400 is an MgZnO film layer, and the thickness of the window layer is 40-70 nm.
As shown in fig. 3, a CdS/CdSe buffer layer 301 is deposited on the window layer 400, wherein the CdS/CdSe buffer layer 301 is a stacked layer of a CdS layer and a CdSe layer; depositing a CdTe light absorption layer 302 on the CdS/CdSe buffer layer 301, and performing activation annealing treatment on the CdTe light absorption layer 302 through an activation annealing procedure. The CdS/CdSe buffer layer 301 is 50-100 nm thick, and the CdTe light absorption layer 302 is 2.0-4.0 mu m thick; the CdS/CdSe buffer layer 301 and the CdTe light absorbing layer 302 form a semiconductor heterojunction layer 300, and the deposition method of the semiconductor heterojunction layer 300 comprises one of vapor transport deposition and close-space sublimation deposition. The activation annealing temperature is 350-600 ℃, and the time is 5-40 min. A back contact layer can also be deposited on the CdTe light absorption layer 302, and the back contact layer is made of Cu-doped ZnTe and has the thickness of 20-30 nm.
As shown in fig. 4, the transparent bottom electrode 200, the CdS/CdSe buffer layer 301, the CdTe light absorbing layer 302 and the window layer 400 are cut off by scribing P1 with a first laser, so as to divide the whole film into a plurality of cells; the width of the laser scribe line is 20-100 μm.
As shown in fig. 5, a photoresist 500 is coated, exposed and developed by ultraviolet light in the substrate direction, and the reticle is filled;
as shown in fig. 6, the unexposed photoresist is cleaned and a second laser P2 is used to scribe lines next to each of the first laser scribes; etching off the CdS/CdSe buffer layer 301 and the CdTe light absorption layer 302; the width of the laser scribe line is 20-100 μm, and the distance between the laser scribe line and the edge of the adjacent P1 scribe line is 30-100 μm.
As shown in fig. 7, PEDOT, PSS transparent electrode layer 600 was deposited over the entire membrane surface; the deposition method can be slit coating, roller coating, chemical vapor deposition, and the conductivity is more than 600Scm-1。
As shown in fig. 8, a low-temperature cured silver paste grid line is printed on the PEDOT: PSS transparent electrode in parallel to the scribing direction, and a silver grid line back electrode is obtained after drying and curing, wherein the curing temperature is less than 180 ℃.
As shown in FIG. 9, a third laser P3 is adopted to scribe lines beside each scribing line close to the second laser, so that the CdS/CdSe buffer layer 301, the CdTe light absorption layer 302 and the PEDOT, namely the PSS transparent electrode layer 600 are scribed, the width of the laser scribing line is 20-100 μm, and the distance between the laser scribing line and the edge of the adjacent P2 scribing line is 30-100 μm. The first laser, the second laser and the third laser are sequentially arrayed in a scribing way to obtain the double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell with a plurality of cell units connected in series.
As shown in fig. 10, the embodiment further provides a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell structure, which at least includes a transparent substrate layer 100, on which a transparent bottom electrode 200, a window layer 400, a CdS/CdSe buffer layer 301, a CdTe light absorption layer 302, a back contact layer, PEDOT, a PSS transparent conductive layer 600, and a silver grid line back electrode 700 are sequentially deposited.
In conclusion, the double-sided light receiving and power generation of the CdTe solar cell are realized by adopting the high-conductivity P-type conductive polymer PEDOT, namely the PSS electrode and the silver grid line, the problems of high series resistance and low filling caused by low conductivity of the P-type transparent oxide electrode are solved, and the overall power generation efficiency and power generation capacity are improved. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and has a high industrial value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method of a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) providing a transparent substrate layer with a transparent bottom electrode, and depositing a CdS/CdSe buffer layer on the transparent bottom electrode; depositing a CdTe light absorption layer on the CdS/CdSe buffer layer, and performing activation annealing treatment on the CdTe light absorption layer through an activation annealing process;
2) a back contact layer is deposited on the CdTe light absorption layer;
3) scribing by using a first laser, cutting off the transparent bottom electrode, the CdS/CdSe buffer layer, the CdS/CdSe light absorption layer and the back contact layer, and dividing the whole film layer into a plurality of battery units;
4) coating photoresist, exposing and developing by ultraviolet light in the direction of the substrate, and filling the reticle;
5) cleaning the unexposed photoresist, scribing a line beside each scribing position close to the first laser by adopting a second laser, and cutting off the CdS/CdSe buffer layer and the CdS/CdSe light absorption layer;
6) depositing PEDOT on the whole film surface, namely a PSS transparent electrode;
7) printing low-temperature cured silver paste grid lines on the PEDOT, PSS transparent electrode in parallel to the scribing direction, and drying and curing to obtain a silver grid line back electrode;
8) and scribing lines beside each scribing line close to the second laser by using a third laser, scribing off the CdS/CdSe buffer layer, the CdS/CdSe light absorption layer and the back electrode, and sequentially arranging the first laser, the second laser and the third laser scribing lines to obtain the CdTe solar cell with a plurality of cell units connected in series.
2. The manufacturing method of double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell in claim 1, wherein: the transparent substrate layer is one of a super-white glass substrate, a toughened glass substrate and an organic glass substrate; the transparent bottom electrode is made of one of an ITO conductive film layer, an FTO conductive film layer and an AZO conductive film layer.
3. The manufacturing method of double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell in claim 1, wherein: the CdS/CdSe buffer layer is 50-100 nm thick, and the CdTe light absorption layer is 2.0-4.0 mu m thick; the deposition method of the CdS/CdSe buffer layer and the CdTe light absorption layer comprises one of vapor transmission deposition and close-space sublimation deposition.
4. The manufacturing method of double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell in claim 1, wherein: the activation annealing temperature is 350-600 ℃, and the time is 5-40 min.
5. The manufacturing method of double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell in claim 1, wherein: the PEDOT PSS transparent electrode deposition method comprises slit coating, roller coating and chemical vapor deposition, and the conductivity is more than 600Scm-1。
6. The manufacturing method of double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell in claim 1, wherein: the width of the top electrode of the silver grid line is 40-100 mu m, and the curing temperature is less than 180 ℃.
7. The manufacturing method of double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell in claim 1, wherein: the laser scribing width is 20-100 mu m, and the edge distance between adjacent scribing lines in each group of scribing lines is 30-100 mu m.
8. The manufacturing method of double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell in claim 1, wherein: the back contact layer is made of Cu-doped ZnTe and has the thickness of 20-30 nm.
9. The method for manufacturing a double-sided power generation CdTe solar cell as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: and a window layer is arranged between the transparent bottom electrode and the CdS/CdSe buffer layer, the window layer is an MgZnO film layer, and the thickness of the window layer is 40-70 nm.
10. A double-sided electrical CdTe solar cell, characterized in that the double-sided electrical CdTe solar cell structure comprises at least:
a transparent substrate layer; and a transparent bottom electrode, a window layer, a CdS/CdSe buffer layer, a CdTe light absorption layer, a back contact layer, PEDOT, a PSS transparent conductive layer and a silver grid line back electrode are sequentially deposited on the transparent substrate layer.
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CN112768556A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-07 | 中国建材国际工程集团有限公司 | Manufacturing process of CdTe solar cell |
CN113270506A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-08-17 | 中国建材国际工程集团有限公司 | Method for manufacturing back electrode of CdTe solar cell |
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