CN114353535B - Rolling sagger and powder sintering method - Google Patents
Rolling sagger and powder sintering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114353535B CN114353535B CN202110016722.6A CN202110016722A CN114353535B CN 114353535 B CN114353535 B CN 114353535B CN 202110016722 A CN202110016722 A CN 202110016722A CN 114353535 B CN114353535 B CN 114353535B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rolling sagger and a powder sintering method, and relates to the technical field of high-temperature sintering kilns. The rolling sagger comprises a sagger main body, wherein the sagger main body is a hollow cylinder surrounding an inner cavity and is provided with at least one rotation axis, two ends of the sagger main body are detachably connected with a fixed cover plate, the fixed cover plate is provided with a penetrating exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the sagger main body; the fixed cover is provided with a fixed shaft and a movable cover plate outside, the movable cover plate is tightly matched with the outer side of the fixed cover plate and enables part of exhaust holes to be in a blocking state, the movable cover plate is provided with a notch, the notch corresponds to at least one exhaust hole and enables the at least one exhaust hole to be in a communicating state, and the movable cover plate can rotate around the fixed shaft. When the rolling sagger in the rolling sagger and powder sintering method rolls in the tunnel kiln, waste gas can be discharged while powder is maintained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature sintering kilns, and particularly relates to a rolling sagger and a powder sintering method.
Background
The high-temperature sintering furnace is an important heating device commonly used in industry and is widely applied to powder sintering or green body sintering of active metals, refractory metals and alloys thereof, ceramic materials and dissimilar materials. The conventional high-temperature sintering furnace can be mainly divided into a pusher kiln and a rotary kiln according to the structure thereof. The main body of the push plate kiln is a section of tunnel type high Wen Yaoti, the sagger containing the materials to be sintered is sequentially arranged in a queue to push the kiln body from the kiln head, the high-temperature sintering is carried out in the kiln for a plurality of times, in the process, the sagger is continuously and horizontally pushed in sequence, but the body position of each sagger is static, so that the mutual positions of the materials contained in the sagger are not changed, and the materials are sequentially pushed out of the kiln body after the sintering process is finished. The push plate kiln can ensure the precision of temperature control through the tunnel kiln body, but the push plate kiln can not enable materials to roll and mix evenly when heating, and can not meet the requirements of coke discharging and exhaust of the materials. The rotary furnace mainly comprises a cylindrical furnace body capable of rotating along the axis, a spiral propelling mechanism is arranged in the furnace body, after materials are put into the furnace body from one end of the furnace body, the furnace body is rotated by a heater arranged up and down, and the materials roll in the furnace body slowly and move to the other end and are discharged. However, due to limitation of the shape, the temperature control of the rotary kiln is difficult to achieve the general precision of the pusher kiln. In addition, the furnace body of the rotary furnace has very high requirements on the processing technology, the uniformity of the wall thickness is difficult to master due to the large volume of the furnace body, the processing precision is difficult to achieve, the air tightness is difficult to control, and the whole sintering process can be irreversibly damaged due to the falling of tiny furnace body fragments.
In order to solve the problems existing in the kiln described above, the inventors have proposed a rolling sagger pusher tunnel kiln (chinese patent publication No. CN109959258A, incorporated herein by reference) comprising a tunnel kiln body and at least 2 sagger pusher units comprising a sagger and a pusher support, the pusher support comprising a pusher and a support, the sagger having at least 1 rotation axis about which the sagger can rotate, the support supporting the sagger so that it remains relatively stationary in three dimensions with the pusher support, the pusher being operable to move the sagger into and out of the tunnel kiln body; the rolling sagger push plate tunnel kiln further comprises a driving mechanism for driving the sagger to rotate. The kiln combines the advantages of a push plate kiln and a rotary kiln, ensures that materials are accurately and uniformly mixed in temperature control during sintering, and reduces the processing difficulty of a kiln body.
The sintering process of the novel battery material is an extremely important and particularly complex generation process, and has specific and accurate requirements on physical conditions such as temperature (height and uniformity), atmosphere (oxygen content), atmospheric pressure, residence time and the like, and further because the materials are subjected to phase change continuously along with the temperature condition in the process to generate certain coke discharge and exhaust, the coke gas mixture is required to be discharged from a material melt in time, so that a sagger serving as a reaction container is required to adopt certain exhaust measures to ensure the timely discharge of waste gas and avoid the scattering of powdery materials. Although there is an objective need for such an isolated exhaust device at room temperature is also more common, it is not taught in the prior art how to accomplish the above-described work while ensuring mechanical reliability in a high temperature environment. The inventors have also not provided a corresponding solution in the aforementioned patent documents.
In addition, in order to meet the requirements of chemical stability and mechanical strength at high temperature, the conventional sagger liner is usually made of ceramic materials, but the large-volume ceramic sagger liner is too high in sintering difficulty and extremely high in cost, and the sagger ceramic materials are easily damaged due to thermal expansion and cold contraction. In addition, although the cover plate is connected to the main body at normal temperature in various modes (such as threads, bolts, buckles and the like), the structure is extremely easy to deform and adhere at high temperature, so that the cover plate and the sagger main body are difficult to separate after cooling. These problems further limit the implementation of rolling sagger structures.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the rolling sagger which can be used for the rolling sagger push plate tunnel kiln in the patent document, so that the material overturning and exhausting can be ensured, the requirements on the sagger processing technology are reduced, and the sintering requirements of related materials can be met.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a rolling sagger, comprising a sagger main body, wherein the sagger main body is a hollow cylinder surrounding an inner cavity and is provided with at least one rotation axis, two ends of the sagger main body are detachably connected with a fixed cover plate, the fixed cover plate is provided with a through exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the sagger main body; the fixed cover plate is fixedly provided with a fixed shaft at one side (hereinafter referred to as the outer side) far away from the sagger main body, the outer side of the fixed cover plate is provided with a movable cover plate, the movable cover plate is tightly matched with the outer side of the fixed cover plate and prevents part of exhaust holes from communicating with external substances (hereinafter referred to as a blocking state), the movable cover plate is provided with a notch, the notch corresponds to at least one exhaust hole and allows the exhaust hole to communicate with the external substances (hereinafter referred to as a communicating state), and the movable cover plate can rotate around the fixed shaft and can switch the blocking state and the communicating state of the exhaust holes; the relation between the weight of the movable cover plate and the friction force applied to the movable cover plate at the fixed shaft meets the following conditions: when the rolling sagger rotates around the rotation axis, the gravity center of the movable cover plate is always positioned below the fixed shaft.
Preferably, a plurality of fixing columns are circumferentially fixed at the outer sides of two ends of the sagger main body, the fixing cover plate is a circular plate, a plurality of fixing hooks are fixedly arranged at the periphery of the sagger main body, the number and the positions of the fixing hooks are in one-to-one correspondence with the fixing columns, and detachable connecting pieces are arranged between the fixing hooks and the fixing columns. Although other modes of connection and fixation can be adopted, such as a mode of clamping buckles, threads, bolts and the like, high-temperature-resistant wires are preferably wound between the fixing columns and the fixing hooks for fixation, and the original fixation mode has the characteristics of low cost and high reliability, and even if the wires are adhered at high temperature, the wires are easily sheared through tools such as hydraulic pliers and the like, so that the situation that the cover plate cannot be opened is avoided.
Preferably, the stationary shaft is located substantially in the geometric center of the stationary cover plate. In fact, the position of the fixed shaft may be different from the geometric center of the fixed cover plate, so long as the switching between the blocking state and the communicating state between the movable cover plate and the exhaust hole can be satisfied; however, from the viewpoint of ease of processing and stability of tumbling of the sagger, it is preferable that the stationary shaft is located at the geometric center of the stationary cover plate. When the fixed cover plate is a circular plate, the fixed shaft is positioned at the center of the circle.
Preferably, the internal structure of the sagger main body comprises a first liner, a second liner, a third liner and a sagger outer wall; the first inner container, the second inner container and the third inner container are sequentially connected and are wrapped by the outer wall of the sagger. The outer wall of the sagger is made of high-temperature resistant, high-heat-conductivity and high-toughness materials, such as high-temperature resistant alloy.
As a further preferred aspect, the first liner, the second liner, and the third liner are made of ceramic materials. Ceramics can maintain chemical stability at high temperatures, which is important for powder sintering of lithium battery materials.
Further preferably, the internal cross sections of the first liner, the second liner, and the third liner are regular polygons, preferably regular quadrilaterals, regular pentagons, regular hexagons, and regular octagons, and more preferably regular hexagons with rounded corners.
Further preferably, the first liner, the second liner and the third liner are provided with mutually matched flanges at edge positions, the flanges are closely matched in the radial direction of the liner, and a gap is reserved in the axial direction. The flanges are tightly matched in the radial direction, so that powder can be prevented from leaking out of the joint of the inner container as much as possible, and the expansion stress of the inner container is relieved when the temperature rises due to the gaps in the axial direction between the flanges, and the principle of the flanges is similar to that of gaps reserved between rails.
On the other hand, the invention provides a powder sintering method using the rolling sagger, which comprises the following steps: putting powder materials into the sagger main body, connecting the fixed cover plate to the two ends of the sagger main body in an opening and disassembling way, putting a rolling sagger containing the powder materials into a push plate tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering, rolling the rolling sagger in the push plate tunnel kiln, keeping the gravity center lower than the fixed shaft in rolling by the action of gravity, enabling at least one exhaust hole at the upper part of the fixed cover plate to be in a communicating state, enabling the rest exhaust holes to be in a blocking state, discharging waste gas generated in the reaction from the exhaust holes in the communicating state, and keeping the powder materials at the lower part of the rolling sagger because the exhaust holes in the corresponding positions are in the blocking state; and after the high-temperature sintering is finished, the rolling sagger is moved out of the push plate tunnel kiln, and the fixed cover plate is separated from the sagger main body.
The rolling sagger provided by the invention is designed specifically for the push plate tunnel kiln provided in the prior art, and at least the following beneficial effects can be achieved:
1. the movable cover plate with the pendulum design ensures that waste gas generated by sintering is discharged in time under the condition that powder materials are not easy to scatter, and ensures the stability and the overall safety of the air pressure in the sagger;
2. compared with an integrally sintered liner, the three-section liner structure reduces the processing difficulty and reduces the expansion stress in a high-temperature environment.
3. The fixing structure is simple and reliable, and the problem that the cover plate cannot be opened after high-temperature sintering is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a rolling sagger of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of the rolling sagger of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 2.
Description of the reference numerals: 1. the sagger comprises a sagger main body 11, a first liner 12, a second liner 13, a third liner 14, a sagger outer wall 2, a fixed column 3, a fixed hook 4, a fixed cover plate 5, an exhaust hole 6, a fixed shaft and a movable cover plate 7.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
The invention is further described in connection with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments, which are only used to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the invention, and are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 show a specific structure of a rolling sagger of the invention, which comprises a sagger main body 1, wherein the sagger main body 1 is a hollow cylinder surrounding an inner cavity and is provided with a horizontal rotation axis, a plurality of fixing columns 2 are fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the two ends of the sagger main body 1, two ends of the sagger main body 1 are detachably connected with fixing cover plates 4, the fixing cover plates 4 are circular plates, a plurality of fixing hooks 3 are fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the fixing cover plates, and the number and the positions of the fixing hooks 3 are in one-to-one correspondence with the fixing columns 2. The fixed cover plate 4 is provided with a penetrating exhaust hole 5, and the exhaust hole 5 is communicated with the inner cavity of the sagger main body 1. The fixed cover 4 is fixedly provided with a fixed shaft 6 on a side (hereinafter referred to as "outer side") away from the sagger body 1, and the fixed shaft 6 is located at the geometric center of the fixed cover 4. The outer side of the fixed cover 4 is provided with a movable cover 7, the movable cover 7 is tightly matched with the outer side of the fixed cover 4 and prevents part of the exhaust holes 5 from communicating with external matters (hereinafter referred to as a 'blocking state'), and the movable cover 7 is provided with a notch corresponding to at least one exhaust hole 5 and allowing the notch to communicate with external matters (hereinafter referred to as a 'communicating state'). The movable cover 7 is rotatable about the fixed shaft 6, and thus can switch the "blocking state" and the "communicating state" of the exhaust hole 5. The relation between the weight of the movable cover plate 7 and the friction force it receives at the fixed shaft 6 satisfies the following condition: when the rolling sagger rotates around the rotation axis, the gravity center of the movable cover plate 7 is always positioned below the fixed shaft 6.
Fig. 3 shows the internal structure of the sagger body 1, including a first liner 11, a second liner 12, a third liner 13, and a sagger outer wall 14. The first liner 11, the second liner 12 and the third liner 13 are made of ceramic materials, the internal section of the liner is of a regular polygon structure as shown in fig. 4, the edge parts among the first liner 11, the second liner 12 and the third liner 13 are provided with mutually matched flanges, the flanges are tightly matched in the radial direction of the liner, and a gap is reserved in the axial direction. The flanges are tightly matched in the radial direction, so that powder can be prevented from leaking from the joint of the inner container as much as possible, and the expansion stress of the inner container is relieved when the temperature rises due to the gaps in the axial direction between the flanges, and the principle of the flange is similar to that of gaps reserved between rails. The first liner 11, the second liner 12 and the third liner 13 are wrapped by the outer wall 14 of the sagger and provide support.
Fig. 4 shows a cross section of a second bladder 12, which is a regular hexagon with rounded corner features, through which material is stirred as the rolling sagger rolls. Compared with a sagger built-in turning plate commonly adopted in the prior art, the invention has better structural stability and lower processing difficulty, so that the probability of ceramic fragments interfering with the material purity is lower. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the cross-sectional shape may be configured in other shapes such as regular eight-shape, regular quadrilateral, etc., so as to turn the material, but the regular hexagon with rounded corners is preferred for easy processing. The first inner container 11 and the third inner container 13 also have the same cross section as the second inner container 12, and will not be described again.
Example 2
The powder sintering method using the rolling sagger comprises the following steps: the powder material is put into the sagger main body 1, a fixed cover plate 4 covers the opening end of the sagger main body 1, the positions of the fixed hooks 3 and the fixed columns 2 are in one-to-one correspondence, the corresponding fixed hooks 3 and the fixed columns 2 of each group are respectively connected and fixed together by using a detachable connecting piece, in the embodiment, the connecting piece is a metal wire, the rolling sagger containing the powder material is put into a push plate tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering, the rolling sagger rolls and advances in the push plate tunnel kiln, the movable cover plate 7 keeps the gravity center lower than the fixed shaft 6 in the rolling under the action of gravity, at least one exhaust hole 5 at the upper part of the fixed cover plate 4 is in a communicating state, and the rest exhaust holes 5 are in a blocking state. The exhaust gas generated in the reaction is discharged from the exhaust holes 5 in a communicating state, and the powdery material at the lower part of the sagger is remained because the exhaust holes 5 at the corresponding positions are in a blocking state. After high-temperature sintering is finished, the rolling sagger is moved out of the push plate tunnel kiln, the metal wire serving as a connecting piece is detached, if the metal wire is adhered due to high temperature, the metal wire can be sheared by pliers, the fixed cover plate 4 is separated from the sagger main body 1, and the sintered material is obtained and used for downstream processes.
In summary, the invention relates to a rolling sagger and a material sintering method, which can be used for a rolling sagger push plate tunnel kiln, can ensure the overturning and exhausting of materials, reduce the requirements on the sagger processing technology, and can meet the sintering requirements of related materials.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, combinations, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and structure of the present invention, the protection of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A rolling sagger, characterized in that:
the sagger comprises a sagger body, wherein the sagger body is a hollow cylinder surrounding an inner cavity and is provided with at least one rotation axis, two ends of the sagger body are detachably connected with a fixed cover plate, the fixed cover plate is provided with a penetrating exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the sagger body;
the inner structure of the sagger main body comprises a first inner container, a second inner container, a third inner container and a sagger outer wall; the first inner container, the second inner container and the third inner container are sequentially connected and are wrapped by the outer wall of the sagger;
the outer side of the fixed cover plate is fixedly provided with a fixed shaft, the outer side of the fixed cover plate is also provided with a movable cover plate, the movable cover plate is tightly matched with the outer side of the fixed cover plate and enables part of the exhaust holes to be in a blocking state, the movable cover plate is provided with a notch, the notch corresponds to at least one exhaust hole and enables the exhaust hole to be in a communicating state, and the movable cover plate can rotate around the fixed shaft to switch the blocking state and the communicating state of the exhaust hole;
the relation between the weight of the movable cover plate and the friction force applied to the movable cover plate at the fixed shaft meets the following conditions: when the rolling sagger rotates around the rotation axis at will, the gravity center of the movable cover plate is always positioned below the fixed shaft;
the outer side of the fixed cover plate is the side of the fixed cover plate far away from the sagger main body;
the blocking state refers to a state that the communication between the exhaust hole and the outside substances is blocked;
the communication state refers to a state that the exhaust hole is communicated with external substances.
2. The rolling sagger of claim 1, wherein: the sagger body is characterized in that a plurality of fixing columns are circumferentially fixed at the outer sides of two ends of the sagger body, the fixing cover plate is a round plate, a plurality of fixing hooks are fixedly arranged on the periphery of the fixing cover plate, the number and the positions of the fixing hooks are in one-to-one correspondence with the fixing columns, and detachable connecting pieces are arranged between the fixing hooks and the fixing columns.
3. The rolling sagger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the fixed shaft is positioned at the geometric center of the fixed cover plate.
4. The rolling sagger of claim 1, wherein: the first liner, the second liner and the third liner are made of ceramic materials.
5. The rolling sagger of claim 1, wherein: the internal sections of the first liner, the second liner and the third liner are regular polygons.
6. The rolling sagger of claim 5, wherein: the inner sections of the first inner container, the second inner container and the third inner container are one of regular quadrangles, regular pentagons, regular hexagons or regular eight deformations.
7. The rolling sagger of claim 6, wherein: the inner sections of the first inner container, the second inner container and the third inner container are regular hexagons with round corners.
8. The rolling sagger of claim 1, wherein: the edge parts among the first liner, the second liner and the third liner are provided with mutually matched flanges, and the flanges are tightly matched in the radial direction of the liner and leave gaps in the axial direction.
9. A powder sintering method using the rolling sagger according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: putting powder materials into the sagger main body, connecting the fixed cover plate to two ends of the sagger main body in an opening and disassembling mode, putting the rolling sagger containing the powder materials into a push plate tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering, rolling the rolling sagger in the push plate tunnel kiln, keeping the gravity center lower than the fixed shaft in rolling state by the action of gravity of the movable cover plate, enabling at least one exhaust hole at the upper part of the fixed cover plate to be in a communicating state, enabling the rest exhaust holes to be in a blocking state, discharging waste gas generated in reaction through the exhaust holes in the communicating state, and keeping the powder materials at the lower part of the rolling sagger because the exhaust holes in the corresponding positions are in the blocking state; and after the high-temperature sintering is finished, the rolling sagger is moved out of the push plate tunnel kiln, and the fixed cover plate is separated from the sagger main body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110016722.6A CN114353535B (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Rolling sagger and powder sintering method |
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| CN202110016722.6A CN114353535B (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Rolling sagger and powder sintering method |
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| CN114353535A CN114353535A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
| CN114353535B true CN114353535B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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| CN115849323A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-03-28 | 株洲冶炼集团股份有限公司 | Efficient lithium iron phosphate sintering method for improving carbon coating effect |
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| JPH0735483A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1995-02-07 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Batch type firing furnace |
| JP2005226979A (en) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-08-25 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Exhaust device and heat treating furnace equipped with the same |
| FR2965868A1 (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2012-04-13 | Snecma Propulsion Solide | ROLLER IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE RECOVERY |
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