CN114353535A - Rolling sagger and powder sintering method - Google Patents
Rolling sagger and powder sintering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114353535A CN114353535A CN202110016722.6A CN202110016722A CN114353535A CN 114353535 A CN114353535 A CN 114353535A CN 202110016722 A CN202110016722 A CN 202110016722A CN 114353535 A CN114353535 A CN 114353535A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rolling sagger and a powder sintering method, and relates to the technical field of high-temperature sintering kilns. The rolling sagger comprises a sagger body, wherein the sagger body is a hollow cylinder which surrounds an inner cavity and is provided with at least one rotation axis, two ends of the sagger body are detachably connected with fixed cover plates, and the fixed cover plates are provided with through exhaust holes which are communicated with the inner cavity of the sagger body; the outer side of the fixed cover is provided with a fixed shaft and a movable cover plate, the movable cover plate is tightly matched with the outer side of the fixed cover plate and enables part of exhaust holes to be in a blocking state, the movable cover plate is provided with a notch, the notch corresponds to at least one exhaust hole and enables the exhaust hole to be in a communicating state, and the movable cover plate can rotate around the fixed shaft. When the rolling sagger in the rolling sagger and the powder sintering method rolls in the tunnel kiln, the waste gas can be discharged while the powder is kept.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature sintering kilns, and particularly relates to a rolling sagger and a powder sintering method.
Background
The high-temperature sintering furnace is an important heating device commonly used in industry, and is widely applied to powder sintering or blank sintering of active metals, refractory metals and alloys thereof, ceramic materials and dissimilar materials. The conventional high-temperature sintering furnace can be mainly divided into a push plate kiln and a rotary furnace according to the structure. The main body of the push plate kiln is a section of tunnel type high-temperature kiln body, saggars containing materials to be sintered are sequentially queued to be pushed into the kiln body from the kiln head, and high-temperature sintering is carried out in the kiln for a plurality of times. The push plate kiln can ensure the precision of temperature control through the tunnel kiln body, but the push plate kiln cannot enable materials to be rolled and mixed uniformly when being heated, and cannot meet the requirements of material coke discharging and air exhausting. The rotary furnace mainly comprises a cylindrical furnace body capable of rotating along the axis, a spiral propelling mechanism is arranged in the furnace body, materials are fed from one end of the furnace body and then heated at high temperature by heaters arranged above and below the furnace body, the furnace body rotates, and the materials slowly roll in the furnace body and move and are discharged to the other end. However, the temperature control of the rotary furnace is difficult to achieve the general accuracy of the push plate kiln due to the limitation of shape. In addition, the furnace body of the rotary furnace has very high requirements on the processing technology, the uniformity of the wall thickness of the furnace body is difficult to master due to the large volume of the furnace body, the processing precision is difficult to achieve, the air tightness is difficult to control, and small furnace body fragments fall off to cause irreversible damage to the whole sintering process.
In order to solve the problems in the above-mentioned kilns, the inventors have proposed a rolling sagger pusher tunnel kiln (chinese patent publication No. CN109959258A, herein incorporated by reference) comprising a tunnel kiln body and at least 2 sagger pusher units, said sagger pusher units comprising saggers and pusher supports, said pusher supports comprising a pusher and a brace, said saggers having at least 1 revolution axis, said saggers being rotatable around said revolution axis, said brace supporting said saggers to be kept stationary in three-dimensional space relative to said pusher supports, said pusher being able to bring said saggers into and out of said tunnel kiln body; the rolling sagger push plate tunnel kiln further comprises a driving mechanism for driving the sagger to rotate. The kiln integrates the advantages of a push plate kiln and a rotary furnace, so that the temperature control of materials is accurate and the materials are uniformly mixed during sintering, and the processing difficulty of a furnace body is reduced.
The sintering process of the novel battery material is an extremely important and very complex generation process, and has specific and accurate requirements on physical conditions such as temperature (height, uniformity), atmosphere (oxygen content), atmospheric pressure, retention time and the like, and furthermore, because the material continuously changes phase along with the temperature condition in the process, certain coke discharging and air exhausting are generated, and a coke-gas mixture needs to be discharged from a material melt in time, so that a sagger used as a reaction container not only needs to adopt a certain air exhausting measure to ensure that waste gas is discharged in time, but also needs to avoid scattering of powdery materials. Although such a need is objectively present, isolation exhaust devices at normal temperature are more common, but there is no teaching in the prior art how to accomplish the above work under high temperature environment while ensuring mechanical reliability. The inventors have not provided a corresponding solution in the aforementioned patent documents either.
In addition, in order to meet chemical stability and mechanical strength at high temperature, the conventional sagger liner is usually made of ceramic materials, but the sintering difficulty of the large-volume ceramic sagger liner is too high, the cost is extremely high, and the sagger ceramic materials are easily damaged due to expansion with heat and contraction with cold. In addition, although there are many options for connecting the cover plate to the body at normal temperature (e.g., threads, bolts, snaps, etc.), the above structure is very prone to deformation, adhesion, etc. at high temperature, which makes it difficult to separate the cover plate from the body after cooling. These problems further limit the implementation of rolling sagger structures.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a rolling sagger which can be used for a rolling sagger push plate tunnel kiln in the patent literature, can ensure the turnover and exhaust of materials, reduces the requirements on a sagger processing technology and can meet the sintering requirements of related materials.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a rolling sagger which comprises a sagger main body, wherein the sagger main body is a hollow cylinder surrounding an inner cavity and is provided with at least one rotation axis, two ends of the sagger main body are detachably connected with fixed cover plates, and the fixed cover plates are provided with through exhaust holes which are communicated with the inner cavity of the sagger main body; a fixed shaft is fixedly arranged on one side (hereinafter referred to as the outer side) of the fixed cover plate, which is far away from the saggar body, a movable cover plate is arranged on the outer side of the fixed cover plate, the movable cover plate is tightly matched with the outer side of the fixed cover plate and prevents part of exhaust holes from communicating with the outside (hereinafter referred to as a blocking state), the movable cover plate is provided with a notch, the notch corresponds to at least one exhaust hole and allows the exhaust hole to communicate with the outside (hereinafter referred to as a communicating state), and the movable cover plate can rotate around the fixed shaft and can switch the blocking state and the communicating state of the exhaust hole; the relationship between the weight of the movable cover plate and the friction force applied to the movable cover plate at the fixed shaft meets the following condition: when the rolling sagger rotates around the rotation axis, the gravity center of the movable cover plate is always positioned below the fixed shaft.
Preferably, a plurality of fixing columns are fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the two ends of the sagger body in the circumferential direction, the fixing cover plate is a circular plate, a plurality of fixing hooks are fixedly arranged on the periphery of the fixing cover plate, the number and the positions of the fixing hooks correspond to the fixing columns in a one-to-one mode, and detachable connecting pieces are arranged between the fixing hooks and the fixing columns. Although other methods can be used for connection and fixation, such as a form of a buckle, a thread, a bolt, and the like, it is preferable that a high temperature resistant metal wire is wound between the fixing column and the fixing hook for fixation, because the original fixation method has the characteristics of low cost and high reliability, even if the metal wire is adhered at high temperature, the metal wire is easily sheared by a tool such as a hydraulic clamp, and the situation that the cover plate cannot be opened does not occur.
Preferably, the fixed shaft is located substantially at the geometric center of the fixed cover plate. In fact, the position of the fixed shaft can be different from the geometric center of the fixed cover plate as long as the movable cover plate and the exhaust hole can be switched between a blocking state and a communicating state; however, it is preferable that the fixing shaft is positioned at the geometric center of the fixing cover plate in view of the easiness of processing and the stability of the sagger rolling. When the fixed cover plate is a circular plate, the fixed shaft is positioned at the circle center of the fixed cover plate.
Preferably, the internal structure of the sagger body comprises a first inner container, a second inner container, a third inner container and a sagger outer wall; the first inner container, the second inner container and the third inner container are sequentially connected and are all wrapped by the outer wall of the sagger. The outer wall of the sagger is made of high-temperature-resistant, high-heat-conduction and high-toughness materials, such as high-temperature-resistant alloy.
Preferably, the first inner container, the second inner container and the third inner container are made of ceramic materials. The ceramic can maintain chemical stability at high temperatures, which is important for powder sintering of lithium battery materials.
More preferably, the first inner container, the second inner container, and the third inner container have regular polygonal inner cross sections, preferably regular quadrangle, regular pentagon, regular hexagon, or regular octagon, and more preferably regular hexagon with rounded corners.
More preferably, the first inner container, the second inner container and the third inner container are provided with mutually matched flanges at the edge parts, the flanges are tightly matched in the radial direction of the inner container, and a gap is reserved in the axial direction. The flanges are in close fit in the radial direction, so that powder can be prevented from leaking from the seams of the liner as much as possible, and the axial gaps among the flanges relieve the expansion stress of the liner when the temperature rises, and the principle of the flange is similar to that of the gaps reserved among the rails.
On the other hand, the invention provides a powder sintering method applying the rolling sagger, which comprises the following steps: putting powdery materials into the saggar body, detachably connecting the fixed cover plates to two ends of the saggar body, putting the rolling saggar containing the powdery materials into a pushed slab tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering, wherein the rolling saggar rolls and advances in the pushed slab tunnel kiln, the movable cover plate keeps the gravity center lower than the fixed shaft in the rolling process under the action of gravity, at least one exhaust hole in the upper part of the fixed cover plate is in a communicated state, the rest exhaust holes are in a blocked state, waste gas generated in the reaction is discharged from the exhaust hole in the communicated state, and the powdery materials in the lower part of the rolling saggar are retained because the exhaust hole in the corresponding position is in the blocked state; and after the high-temperature sintering is finished, the rolling saggar is moved out of the push plate tunnel kiln, and the fixed cover plate is separated from the saggar main body.
The rolling sagger provided by the invention is designed particularly for the previously proposed push plate tunnel kiln, and at least has the following beneficial effects:
1. the pendulum-type movable cover plate ensures that waste gas generated by sintering is discharged in time under the condition of ensuring that powdery materials are not easy to scatter, and ensures the stability of air pressure in the sagger and the overall safety;
2. compared with the integrally sintered liner, the three-section liner structure reduces the processing difficulty and reduces the expansion stress in a high-temperature environment.
3. The fixing structure is simple and reliable, and the problem that the cover plate cannot be opened after high-temperature sintering is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the rolling sagger of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of the rolling sagger of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along B-B of fig. 2.
Description of the reference numerals: 1. the sagger comprises a sagger body, 11 parts of a first inner container, 12 parts of a second inner container, 13 parts of a third inner container, 14 parts of a sagger outer wall, 2 parts of fixing columns, 3 parts of fixing hooks, 4 parts of fixing cover plates, 5 parts of exhaust holes, 6 parts of fixing shafts and 7 parts of movable cover plates.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are provided only to assist understanding of the technical solutions of the invention and are not meant to be limiting in any way.
Example 1
Fig. 1 and 2 show a concrete structure of a rolling sagger of the present invention, which includes a sagger body 1, the sagger body 1 is a hollow cylinder surrounding an inner cavity and having a horizontal rotation axis, a plurality of fixing posts 2 are fixed on the outer circumference of both ends of the sagger body 1, both ends of the sagger body 1 are detachably connected with fixing cover plates 4, the fixing cover plates 4 are circular plates, a plurality of fixing hooks 3 are fixed on the outer circumference of the fixing cover plates, and the number and the positions of the fixing hooks 3 correspond to the fixing posts 2 one by one. The fixed cover plate 4 is provided with a through exhaust hole 5, and the exhaust hole 5 is communicated with the inner cavity of the sagger main body 1. A fixed shaft 6 is fixedly arranged on one side (hereinafter referred to as the outer side) of the fixed cover plate 4 far away from the saggar body 1, and the fixed shaft 6 is positioned at the geometric center of the fixed cover plate 4. The outer side of the fixed cover plate 4 is provided with a movable cover plate 7, the movable cover plate 7 is tightly matched with the outer side of the fixed cover plate 4 and prevents part of the exhaust holes 5 from communicating with the outside (hereinafter referred to as a 'blocking state'), and the movable cover plate 7 is provided with a notch which corresponds to at least one exhaust hole 5 and allows the exhaust hole to communicate with the outside (hereinafter referred to as a 'communicating state'). The movable cover 7 is rotatable about the fixed shaft 6, and thus can switch the "blocked state" and the "communicated state" of the exhaust hole 5. The relationship between the weight of the removable cover 7 and the friction it receives at the fixed shaft 6 satisfies the following condition: when the rolling sagger rotates around the rotation axis, the gravity center of the movable cover plate 7 is always positioned below the fixed shaft 6.
Fig. 3 shows the internal structure of the sagger body 1, which includes a first inner container 11, a second inner container 12, a third inner container 13, and a sagger outer wall 14. The first inner container 11, the second inner container 12 and the third inner container 13 are inner containers made of ceramic materials, the inner sections of the inner containers are of regular polygon structures as shown in fig. 4, flanges which are matched with each other are arranged at the edge parts among the first inner container 11, the second inner container 12 and the third inner container 13, the flanges are tightly matched in the radial direction of the inner containers, and gaps are reserved in the axial direction. The close fit of the flanges in the radial direction can prevent powder from leaking out of the seams of the liner as much as possible, and the axial gaps between the flanges relieve the expansion stress of the liner when the temperature rises, and the principle of the flange is similar to that of the gaps reserved between rails. The first inner container 11, the second inner container 12 and the third inner container 13 are wrapped in the saggar outer wall 14 and provide support.
Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of the second liner 12 in the form of a regular hexagon with rounded corners, through which the material is stirred as the rolling saggar rolls. Compared with the sagger built-in turning plate generally adopted in the prior art, the sagger built-in turning plate disclosed by the invention has better structural stability and lower processing difficulty, so that the probability of the occurrence of ceramic fragments interfering the material cleanliness is lower. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the cross-sectional shape may be other shapes such as a regular octagon, a regular quadrangle, etc., which can be used for turning the material, but the shape is preferably the regular hexagon with rounded corners for easy processing. The first and third inner containers 11, 13 also have the same cross section as the second inner container 12, and are not described again.
Example 2
A powder sintering method applying the rolling sagger comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of putting powdery materials into a saggar body 1, covering a fixed cover plate 4 at the opening end of the saggar body 1, enabling the fixed hooks 3 to correspond to the fixed columns 2 one by one, and respectively connecting and fixing the fixed hooks 3 and the fixed columns 2 corresponding to each group together through detachable connecting pieces, wherein in the embodiment, the connecting pieces are metal wires, putting the rolling saggar containing the powdery materials into a push plate tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering, rolling the rolling saggar to advance in the push plate tunnel kiln, keeping the gravity center of the movable cover plate 7 lower than a fixed shaft 6 in the rolling process under the action of gravity, enabling at least one exhaust hole 5 in the upper portion of the fixed cover plate 4 to be in a communicated state, and enabling the rest exhaust holes 5 to be in a blocked state. The exhaust gas generated in the reaction is discharged through the vent holes 5 in a connected state, and the powdery material located at the lower part of the sagger is retained because the vent holes 5 at the corresponding positions are in a blocked state. After the high-temperature sintering is finished, the rolling saggar is moved out of the push plate tunnel kiln, the metal wires serving as connecting pieces are disassembled, if the metal wires are adhered due to high temperature, the metal wires can be cut off through pliers, the fixing cover plate 4 is separated from the saggar main body 1, and the sintered material is used for downstream processes.
In summary, the invention relates to a rolling sagger and a material sintering method, which can be used for a rolling sagger push plate tunnel kiln, can ensure the turnover exhaust of materials, reduce the requirements on a sagger processing technology, and can meet the sintering requirements of related materials.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, combinations, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A rolling sagger, characterized in that:
the sagger body is a hollow cylinder which surrounds an inner cavity and is provided with at least one rotation axis, two ends of the sagger body are detachably connected with fixed cover plates, and the fixed cover plates are provided with through exhaust holes which are communicated with the inner cavity of the sagger body;
a fixed shaft is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the fixed cover plate, a movable cover plate is further arranged on the outer side of the fixed cover plate, the movable cover plate is tightly matched with the outer side of the fixed cover plate and enables part of the exhaust holes to be in a blocking state, a notch is formed in the movable cover plate, the notch corresponds to at least one exhaust hole and enables the exhaust hole to be in a communicating state, and the movable cover plate can rotate around the fixed shaft, so that the blocking state and the communicating state of the exhaust holes can be switched;
the relationship between the weight of the movable cover plate and the friction force applied to the movable cover plate at the fixed shaft meets the following condition: when the rolling sagger rotates around the rotation axis of the rolling sagger, the gravity center of the movable cover plate is always positioned below the fixed shaft;
the outer side of the fixed cover plate refers to the side of the fixed cover plate, which is far away from the sagger body;
the blocking state is a state that the communication between the vent hole and external substances is blocked;
the communication state refers to a state that the exhaust hole is smoothly communicated with external substances.
2. The rolling sagger of claim 1, wherein: the sagger main part both ends outside circumference has set firmly a plurality of fixed columns, fixed apron is circular plate, and the periphery has set firmly a plurality of fixed hooks, fixed hook's quantity and position with the fixed column one-to-one, the fixed hook with be equipped with the detachable connecting piece between the fixed column.
3. The rolling sagger of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the fixed shaft is positioned at the geometric center of the fixed cover plate.
4. The rolling sagger of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the internal structure of the sagger main body comprises a first inner container, a second inner container, a third inner container and a sagger outer wall; the first inner container, the second inner container and the third inner container are sequentially connected and are all wrapped by the outer wall of the sagger.
5. The rolling sagger of claim 4, wherein: the first inner container, the second inner container and the third inner container are made of ceramic materials.
6. The rolling sagger of claim 4, wherein: the inner sections of the first inner container, the second inner container and the third inner container are regular polygons, preferably regular quadrangles, regular pentagons, regular hexagons and regular octagons, and more preferably regular hexagons with round corners.
7. The rolling sagger of claim 4, wherein: the edge parts among the first inner container, the second inner container and the third inner container are provided with mutually matched flanges which are tightly matched in the radial direction of the inner container, and a gap is reserved in the axial direction.
8. A method for sintering powders using a rolling sagger according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: putting powdery materials into the saggar body, detachably connecting the fixed cover plates to two ends of the saggar body, putting the rolling saggar loaded with the powdery materials into a pushed slab tunnel kiln for high-temperature sintering, rolling and advancing the rolling saggar in the pushed slab tunnel kiln, keeping the gravity center of the movable cover plate lower than the fixed shaft in rolling under the action of gravity, enabling at least one exhaust hole in the upper part of the fixed cover plate to be in a communicated state and the rest exhaust holes to be in a blocked state, discharging waste gas generated in reaction from the exhaust holes in the communicated state, and keeping the powdery materials in the lower part of the rolling saggar due to the exhaust holes in the corresponding positions to be in the blocked state; and after the high-temperature sintering is finished, the rolling saggar is moved out of the push plate tunnel kiln, and the fixed cover plate is separated from the saggar main body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110016722.6A CN114353535B (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Rolling sagger and powder sintering method |
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| CN202110016722.6A CN114353535B (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Rolling sagger and powder sintering method |
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| CN114353535A true CN114353535A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
| CN114353535B CN114353535B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115849323A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-03-28 | 株洲冶炼集团股份有限公司 | Efficient lithium iron phosphate sintering method for improving carbon coating effect |
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| JP2005226979A (en) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-08-25 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Exhaust device and heat treating furnace equipped with the same |
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