CN114352299B - Parallel advanced ultra-deep geological prediction method under construction condition of TBM (Tunnel boring machine) of deep-buried long tunnel - Google Patents
Parallel advanced ultra-deep geological prediction method under construction condition of TBM (Tunnel boring machine) of deep-buried long tunnel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parallel advanced ultra-deep geological prediction method under a deep-buried long tunnel TBM construction condition, which comprises the following steps: 1) Geological investigation is carried out on the deep-buried long tunnel to be constructed, and geological information including stratum lithology, faults and rock erosion weathering of surrounding rocks of the tunnel and the vicinity thereof is obtained; 2) According to geological survey obtaining information, primarily judging the position of the geological defect to be subjected to advanced prediction, and determining the advanced drilling arrangement position by combining the length of a TBM tunneling machine, the normal tunneling speed of the tunneling machine and the drilling speed of a directional drilling machine; 3) Excavating a small-sized directional drilling machine operation ear hole at a side wall at a horizontal distance L from the position behind the position where the advanced prediction of the geological defect is required; 4) Analyzing according to the sequence of rock residue collection, research and judgment, drilling observation, in-hole video recording and in-hole testing, and forecasting geological defects and hazard degrees. The method provided by the invention can be used for accurately forecasting the type and the hazard degree of geological disasters under the condition that the construction efficiency of TBM is not affected basically.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunnel construction technology, in particular to a parallel advanced ultra-deep geological prediction method under a tunnel TBM construction condition of a deep-buried long tunnel.
Background
Because of the objectively complex variability of geological conditions, the state and the characteristics of engineering rock mass are completely ascertained before construction, and the position, the property and the scale of the possible geological disasters in tunnel construction are difficult to accurately judge. For a deep-buried long tunnel, the problems of water-gushing cement-bursting problem, high external water pressure problem, hard rock explosion, soft rock deformation problem and the like are generally faced, the safety risks of constructors and equipment are huge, advanced geological forecast is carried out in the tunnel construction process, the cognition of geological conditions in front of the face is continuously deepened, and the method is one of key factors for ensuring the construction to be quick and safe.
The conventional advanced geological forecast is mainly based on geological analysis of geological conditions, and is carried out by combining geophysical prospecting methods such as an earthquake method and an electromagnetic method and conventional advanced drilling. For a deep-buried long tunnel, the change of geological conditions in the deep part is large, and geological analysis has limitation; the geophysical prospecting test has multiple resolvability and uncertainty, and under the TBM construction condition, the geophysical prospecting test is influenced by a TBM space and an electromagnetic system of the geophysical prospecting test, and the practicability of the geophysical prospecting test is limited in various ways; the detection depth is smaller than that of advance drilling, generally 30-50m, and TBM is required to stop for operation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a parallel advanced ultra-deep geological prediction method under the construction condition of a TBM (tunnel boring machine) of a deep-buried long tunnel.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a parallel advanced ultra-deep geological prediction method under the construction condition of a TBM of a deep-buried long tunnel comprises the following steps:
1) Geological investigation is carried out on the deep-buried long tunnel to be constructed, and geological information including stratum lithology, faults and rock erosion weathering of surrounding rocks of the tunnel and the vicinity thereof is obtained;
2) According to geological survey acquired information, primarily judging the position of geological defect to be predicted in advance, and combining with the length L of TBM heading machine 1 Normal tunneling speed V of tunneling machine Machine for making food Drilling speed V of directional drilling machine Drilling machine Determining an advanced drilling arrangement position, excavating a working ear hole on the tunnel wall according to the advanced drilling arrangement position, and arranging a directional drilling machine in the ear hole; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
The front borehole placement position is determined as follows:
2.1 If the set directional drilling direction is parallel to the TBM tunneling direction;
setting TBM length as L 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Advanced parallel drilling construction period, TBM synchronous tunneling length L 2 ＝V Machine for making food *t；
Because of the construction safety requirement and the position error of the geological defect in early-stage preliminary judgment, the advanced prediction safety distance of the geological defect is L 3 ；
Advance parallel guide hole drilling distance L in same time 1 +L 2 +L 3 ＝V Drilling machine * t is; then:
advanced drilling operation time: t= (L) 1 +L 3 )/(V Drilling machine -V Machine for making food )
Advanced rig placement position: l= (L) 1 +L 3 )*V Drilling machine /(V Drilling machine -V Machine for making food )
2.2 If the directional drilling direction and the TBM tunneling direction are set to form an included angle alpha:
setting TBM length as L 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Advanced parallel drilling construction period, TBM synchronous tunneling length L 2 ＝V Machine for making food * t is; due to the construction safety requirementAnd early and preliminary judging the position error of the geological defect, and setting the advanced prediction safety distance of the geological defect as L 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Projection distance L of drilling depth in TBM direction in advance parallel guide hole same time 1 +L 2 +L 3 ＝V Drilling machine * t is cos alpha; then:
advanced drilling operation time: t= (L) 1 +L 3 )/(V Drill cosα-V Machine for making food )
Advanced rig position: l= (L) 1 +L 3 )*V Drilling machine *cosα/(V Drilling machine *cosα-V Machine for making food )
3) Excavating a small directional drilling machine operation ear hole at a side wall at a horizontal distance L from the position behind the geological defect position to be subjected to advanced prediction, wherein the operation ear hole is arranged as close to the tail part of the TBM machine as possible; excavating a specified size for the operation of installing the directional drill on the operation ear hole;
4) Analyzing according to the sequence of rock residue collection, research and judgment, drilling observation, in-hole video recording and in-hole testing, and forecasting geological defects and hazard degrees;
4.1 The rock slag is ground and judged by utilizing the rock slag carried by a directional drilling machine self-carried slag-discharging device, wherein the rock slag comprises lithology characteristics, corrosion and weathering characteristics and rock slag grading characteristics;
4.2 Drilling observation is to observe the water outlet characteristics of the drilling hole, including water gushing depth position, water gushing amount and water gushing pressure;
4.3 Based on the results of rock residue judgment and drilling observation, carrying an in-hole video recorder on a hole section to be subjected to in-hole video recording by using a drill rod;
4.4 The method comprises the steps of) taking out all drilling tools in a hole completely from a section for testing the mechanical properties of the rock mass, replacing the drilling tools with coring tools, taking down the drilling tools for coring, taking out all the drilling tools in the hole to the ground surface again after coring is completed, replacing the drilling tools with full-scale pilot bits, continuing pilot drilling, realizing interval coring, and carrying out indoor mechanical property test on the taken out rock cores;
4.5 To need carry out ground stress, water permeability, carry and bore and install the water pressing equipment, carry out hydraulic fracturing test, measure hole section ground stress and rock mass water permeability characteristic. And detecting parameters such as radioactivity of surrounding rock of the drilled hole or hole temperature of the hole section needing radioactivity or ground temperature, lifting the drilled hole, installing a cable-free storage type logging instrument, and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the advanced geological prediction is realized by using the small directional drilling machine, the limitations of large uncertainty, influence on TBM construction efficiency, smaller advanced prediction distance and the like in the prediction process caused by the conventional geological analysis-physical prospecting test-advanced drilling method are broken through, the advanced ultra-deep prediction under the TBM parallel condition is realized, the type and the hazard degree of geological disasters are accurately predicted under the condition that the TBM construction efficiency is basically not influenced, and the time is reserved for the pretreatment process of the geological disasters under the TBM construction condition.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout diagram of a parallel advanced ultra-deep geological prediction device under the construction condition of a TBM of a deep-buried long tunnel in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of arrangement prediction when the drilling machine direction of the directional drilling machine forms an included angle alpha with the tunneling direction of the TBM;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a construction ear-hole arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises a parallel advanced ultra-deep geological prediction device under the construction condition of a TBM of a deep-buried long tunnel, and the device comprises a working ear hole 3, a small directional drilling machine 4, wherein the small directional drilling machine is arranged in the working ear hole, and the working ear hole is positioned in a main hole side wall behind a TBM tunneling machine.
A parallel advanced ultra-deep geological prediction method under the construction condition of a TBM of a deep-buried long tunnel comprises the following steps:
1) Geological investigation is carried out on the deep-buried long tunnel to be constructed, and geological information including stratum lithology, faults and rock erosion weathering of surrounding rocks of the tunnel and the vicinity thereof is obtained;
2) According to geological survey acquired information, primarily judging the position of geological defect to be predicted in advance, and combining with the length L of TBM heading machine 1 Normal tunneling speed V of tunneling machine Machine for making food Drilling speed V of directional drilling machine Drilling machine Determining an advanced drilling placement position;
the front borehole placement position is determined as follows:
2.1 If the set directional drilling direction is parallel to the TBM tunneling direction;
setting TBM length as L 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Advanced parallel drilling construction period, TBM synchronous tunneling length L 2 ＝V Machine for making food *t；
Because of the construction safety requirement and the position error of the geological defect in early-stage preliminary judgment, the advanced prediction safety distance of the geological defect is L 3 ；
Advance parallel guide hole drilling distance L in same time 1 +L 2 +L 3 ＝V Drilling machine * t is; then:
advanced drilling operation time: t= (L) 1 +L 3 )/(V Drilling machine -V Machine for making food )
Advanced rig placement position: l= (L) 1 +L 3 )*V Drilling machine /(V Drilling machine -V Machine for making food )
2.2 If the directional drilling direction forms an angle alpha (figure 2) with the TBM tunneling direction:
setting TBM length as L 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Advanced parallel drilling construction period, TBM synchronous tunneling length L 2 ＝V Machine for making food * t is; because of the construction safety requirement and the position error of the geological defect in early-stage preliminary judgment, the advanced prediction safety distance of the geological defect is L 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Projection distance L of drilling depth in TBM direction in advance parallel guide hole same time 1 +L 2 +L 3 ＝V Drilling machine * t is cos (α); then:
advanced drilling operation time: t= (L) 1 +L 3 )/(V Drill cos(α)-V Machine for making food )
Advanced rig position: l= (L) 1 +L 3 )*V Drilling machine *cos(α)/(V Drilling machine *cos(α)-V Machine for making food )
3) In order to minimize the depth of the advanced drilling hole and save the operation time, the operation ear hole is arranged close to the tail part of the TBM as much as possible, and the small directional drilling machine operation ear hole is excavated at the side wall at the position L horizontally away from the rear of the geological defect to be predicted; the ear hole installation directional drilling operation is carried out by excavating the specified size, which is generally 6.0mX4.0mX3.0m (length X width X height), and is shown in figure 3.
In this implementation, the small directional drilling machine can utilize TBM slag tapping belt conveyor arrangement, further reduce the operation ear hole and dig the scope, improve work efficiency, as shown in figure 3.
Based on geological conditions and geological defect specificity requirements, the drilling machine direction of the drilling machine can be adjusted to meet actual requirements.
a. If the geological defect to be detected in front is a special rock stratum or fault crossing the tunnel at a large angle, the directional drilling direction is kept parallel to the main tunnel, and the directional drilling direction is shown in FIG. 1;
b. if the geological defect to be detected in front is irregular block-shaped distributed karst cave or special rock mass, the geological defect preliminarily determined by earlier geological survey is used as guide, and the drilling direction is adjusted, as shown in fig. 2.
4) Analyzing according to the sequence of rock residue collection, research and judgment, drilling observation, in-hole video recording and in-hole testing, dynamically optimizing the subsequent working flow under the condition that the geological defect prediction can be realized in the pre-step, and more directly and accurately forecasting the geological defect and the hazard degree while improving the working efficiency.
a. The rock slag is directly ground and judged by utilizing the rock slag carried by a directional drilling machine self-carried slag-carrying device, wherein the rock slag comprises the lithology characteristic, the corrosion and weathering characteristic and the rock slag grading characteristic of the rock slag;
b. the drilling observation means for directly observing the water outlet characteristics of the drilling hole, including water gushing depth position, water gushing amount and water gushing pressure;
c. based on rock residue judgment and drilling observation, carrying out in-hole video recording on a hole section to be subjected to in-hole video recording by using a drill rod to carry in-hole video recording instruments;
d. the method comprises the steps of taking out all drilling tools in a hole completely from a section needing to be subjected to rock mechanical property testing, replacing the drilling tools with coring tools, taking down the drilling tools for coring, taking out all the drilling tools in the hole to the ground surface again after coring is completed, replacing the drilling tools with full-scale pilot bits, continuing pilot drilling, realizing interval coring, and carrying out indoor mechanical property test on the taken out rock cores;
f. and (3) carrying out hydraulic fracturing tests on the water permeability and ground stress required to be carried out, lifting the drill and installing the water pressing equipment, and measuring the ground stress of the hole section and the water permeability characteristics of the rock mass. And detecting parameters such as radioactivity of surrounding rock of the drilled hole or hole temperature of the hole section needing radioactivity or ground temperature, lifting the drilled hole, installing a cable-free storage type logging instrument, and the like.
It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (2)
1. A parallel advanced ultra-deep geological prediction method under the construction condition of a TBM of a deep-buried long tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Geological investigation is carried out on the deep-buried long tunnel to be constructed, and geological information including stratum lithology, faults and rock erosion weathering of surrounding rocks of the tunnel and the vicinity thereof is obtained;
2) According to geological survey acquired information, primarily judging the position of geological defect to be predicted in advance, and combining with the length L of TBM heading machine 1 Normal tunneling speed V of tunneling machine Machine for making food Drilling speed V of directional drilling machine Drilling machine Determining an advanced drilling arrangement position, excavating a working ear hole on the tunnel wall according to the advanced drilling arrangement position, and arranging a directional drilling machine in the ear hole;
the front borehole placement position is determined as follows:
2.1 If the set directional drilling direction is parallel to the TBM tunneling direction;
setting TBM length as L 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Advanced parallel drilling construction period, TBM synchronous tunneling length L 2 ＝V Machine for making food *t；
Due to the construction safety requirement and the position error of early primary judgment of the geological defect, the geological defect leadsThe forecast safety distance is L 3 ；
Advance parallel guide hole drilling distance L in same time 1 +L 2 +L 3 ＝V Drilling machine * t is; then:
advanced drilling operation time: t= (L) 1 +L 3 )/(V Drilling machine -V Machine for making food )
Advanced rig placement position: l= (L) 1 +L 3 )*V Drilling machine /(V Drilling machine -V Machine for making food )
2.2 If the directional drilling direction and the TBM tunneling direction are set to form an included angle alpha:
setting TBM length as L 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Advanced parallel drilling construction period, TBM synchronous tunneling length L 2 ＝V Machine for making food * t is; because of construction safety requirement and position error of early primary judgment of geological defects, the advanced prediction safety distance of the geological defects is set to be L 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Projection distance L of drilling depth in TBM direction in advance parallel guide hole same time 1 +L 2 +L 3 ＝V Drilling machine * t is cos alpha; then:
advanced drilling operation time: t= (L) 1 +L 3 )/(V Drill cosα-V Machine for making food )
Advanced rig position: l= (L) 1 +L 3 )*V Drilling machine *cosα/(V Drilling machine *cosα-V Machine for making food )
3) Excavating a small directional drilling machine operation ear hole at a side wall at a horizontal distance L from the position behind the geological defect position to be subjected to advanced prediction, wherein the operation ear hole is arranged as close to the tail part of the TBM machine as possible; excavating a specified size for the operation of installing the directional drill on the operation ear hole;
4) Analyzing according to the sequence of rock residue collection, research and judgment, drilling observation, in-hole video recording and in-hole testing, and forecasting geological defects and hazard degrees.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), analysis is performed according to the sequence of rock residue collection and research, drilling observation, in-hole video recording, and in-hole testing, and geological defects and hazard degrees are predicted, specifically as follows:
4.1 The rock slag is ground and judged by utilizing the rock slag carried by a directional drilling machine self-carried slag-discharging device, wherein the rock slag comprises lithology characteristics, corrosion and weathering characteristics and rock slag grading characteristics;
4.2 Drilling observation is to observe the water outlet characteristics of the drilling hole, including water gushing depth position, water gushing amount and water gushing pressure;
4.3 Based on the results of rock residue judgment and drilling observation, carrying an in-hole video recorder on a hole section to be subjected to in-hole video recording by using a drill rod;
4.4 The method comprises the steps of) taking out all drilling tools in a hole completely from a section for testing the mechanical properties of the rock mass, replacing the drilling tools with coring tools, taking down the drilling tools for coring, taking out all the drilling tools in the hole to the ground surface again after coring is completed, replacing the drilling tools with full-scale pilot bits, continuing pilot drilling, realizing interval coring, and carrying out indoor mechanical property test on the taken out rock cores;
4.5 The method comprises the steps of) carrying out hydraulic fracturing test on a water pressing device which is required to be subjected to ground stress and water permeability, and measuring the ground stress of a hole section and the water permeability characteristics of a rock mass; and detecting parameters such as radioactivity of surrounding rock of the drilled hole or hole temperature of the hole section needing radioactivity or ground temperature, lifting the drilled hole, installing a cable-free storage type logging instrument, and the like.
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| CN115879333B (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-06-13 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Linear directional drilling geological exploration drilling layout method |
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