CN105318824B - A kind of method that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge - Google Patents
A kind of method that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge Download PDFInfo
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- CN105318824B CN105318824B CN201510815257.7A CN201510815257A CN105318824B CN 105318824 B CN105318824 B CN 105318824B CN 201510815257 A CN201510815257 A CN 201510815257A CN 105318824 B CN105318824 B CN 105318824B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge, make processing testing element, the resistance strain gage on pvc pipe body surface face is numbered；Construction drill is positioned over testing element in drilling, slip casting, sealing of hole so that testing element being capable of efficient coupling with country rock.It measures the country rock strain value that each resistance strain gage is reflected successively using deformeter, draws out the relation curve of different surrounding rock position and strain value, analysis show that strain peak position to the country rock between drill hole is in the range of relaxation zone.Compared with prior art, a kind of method that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge of the present invention, the distribution of relaxation zone is analyzed by the strain of coal and rock at strain gage testing different location, easy to operate, fast, economical, high sensitivity, measurement result are easy to data processing, are easy to the implementation at scene.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ore deposits to press technical field of measurement and test, is related to a kind of based on distributed resistance foil gauge measurement wall rock loosening ring
Method.
Background technology
Stress of primary rock equilibrium state is destroyed after roadway excavation, stress is caused to redistribute, along with stress concentration phenomenon
Occur.After concentrated stress is more than the intensity of country rock, country rock occurs the rock failure mechanism of rock of different levels and gradually from periphery to depth
Extension forms the relaxation zone that a damage fragmented rock body is formed.The physical state of relaxation zone shows as increase and the rock of rupture seam
The reduction of body stress level, it is coefficient as a result, being analysis country rock that size reflects the factors such as surrouding rock stress, rock strength
Stablize, determine an important parameter of support pattern, for reasonably determining that supporting parameter and construction technology have important meaning
Justice, can be as the important evidence of the engineering decisions such as design of its support, disaster prevention.
Relaxation zone test is exactly that new destruction crack behind lane and its distribution are opened in test, has new rupture seam in country rock with not having
There is the boundary that the interface location that rupture is stitched is exactly relaxation zone.It is common at present to have the spy of geology thunder method to the assay method of wall rock loosening ring
Survey method, seismic wave method, osmosis, sonic method, multipoint displacement meter measure method and advanced borehole camera method.
Geologic radar detection method is a kind of novel non-damaged Detection Techniques, can adapt to the other country rock of different intensity scale,
Precision, efficiency, high resolution, but using the expensive of this method, the method for test is complicated, and the factor of environmental disturbances is more；Earthquake
The test philosophy of wave method is the then matched curve for directly utilizing total wave, carries out rock stratum velocity contrast with judging, the range of test
Greatly, data are reliable, but the instrument used is more expensive, Probe arrangement and instrument it is difficult to install；The principle of osmosis test is simple, profit
Permeability becomes larger, but to the rock stratum of soft rock and water-swellable, difficulty of test is big, work when having more crack to generate and develop with rock mass
Work amount is big；Sonic method needs water filling to couple when testing, poor anti jamming capability, when country rock breakage, the velocity of wave of broken rock velocity of wave and water
When difference is little, it is impossible to significantly judge relaxation zone range；The principle that multipoint displacement meter measures method is due to relaxation zone implosion
The advantages of generation and development of seam, the deflection that bulking deformation does not loosen country rock compared with depth is big, the method is reliable for test data,
Heavy workload easy to operate, but observing, the precision of test is relatively low, and monitoring time is long, for the small country rock of deflection, it is difficult to see
It surveys；Borehole camera method is suitable for the preferable rock mass of lithology, and gained contains much information, and test result precision is high, but expensive equipment, existing
Field is complicated for operation.
During Specific construction at the scene, the above method measures wall rock loosening ring, and mostly there are complicated for operation, test fees
The problem of with height, heavy workload.To overcome the problems, such as appeal, a kind of completely new, stability height, fast, economical, easy to operate are invented
Distributed resistance foil gauge measure the relaxation zone method of country rock to the design of its support of country rock, parameter determine, the tools such as construction technology
There is important meaning.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods and one that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge
Kind contact test method passes through the strain of coal and rock at strain gage testing different location to analyze the distribution model of relaxation zone
It encloses, this method is easy to operate, fast, economical, high sensitivity, measurement result are easy to data processing, is easy to the implementation at scene.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of method that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge, is included the following steps：
Step 1, rule of thumb formula estimate the range of test position relaxation zone, the loosening provided further according to estimation result
The range of circle selects to fit long pvc pipe, makes processing testing element, and resistance strain gage spacing pastes the tube surfaces of pvc pipe
It is fixed, it pastes direction and is consistent, and each resistance strain gage is numbered；
Step 2, the strain value of test country rock position：
(21) test roadway surrounding rock position and direction are selected,
(22) construction drill, the depth of drilling and the length of testing element are adapted,
(23) testing element is placed in drilling, upward, injection hole sealing makes testing element with enclosing in the direction of resistance strain gage
Rock couples；
(24) deformeter is debugged, the resistance strain gage for being 1 will be numbered and be electrically connected by connecting wire and deformeter, measured
The strain value ε of the corresponding country rock position of resistance strain gage that number is 11；
(25) be 2 by number, 3 ..., the resistance strain gage of n, according to the test method of step (24), measure number be 2,
3rd ..., the strain value ε at the corresponding country rock position of the resistance strain gage of n2、......、εn-1、εn, record storage strain Value Data；
Step 3, the range for judging country rock position relaxation zone：According to the test result of step 3, country rock position is drawn out with answering
The relation curve of variate ε, by distribution characteristics, that is, variance analysis of the strain value at different location inside country rock, to judge country rock
The range of position relaxation zone.
As advanced optimizing for said program, the resistance strain gage is pasted according to the distance that spacing is 3~5cm
The tube surfaces of pvc pipe are fixed.
As advanced optimizing for said program, in step 3, the standard for judging the range of country rock position relaxation zone is：It should
Variate peak position to the country rock between drill hole is in the range of relaxation zone.
As advanced optimizing for said program, it is long along pipe shaft that the testing element includes pvc pipe (1), the pvc pipe (1)
It spends direction spacing and is equipped with several resistance strain gages (2), the resistance strain gage (2) is pasted and fixed on pvc pipe (1), the PVC
It manages (1) and is equipped with several circular holes along pipe shaft length direction spacing, each resistance strain gage (2) side is equipped with a circular hole (3), Mei Yi electricity
It hinders foil gauge (2) and one end of a conducting wire (4) is electrically connected, the conducting wire (4) is drawn out to pvc pipe across corresponding circular hole (3)
(1) outside.
Compared with the prior art, a kind of of the invention method that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge
It has the beneficial effect that：
1st, a kind of method that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge of the invention, is surveyed using resistance-strain
Examination technology measures wall rock loosening ring range, is a kind of method of new test relaxation zone, by measuring different surrounding rock depth country rock
Strain value, obtain tunnel-surrounding country rock Strain Distribution feature, it is true to reflect that roadway surrounding rock such as is excavated at the mining influences strain
Changing rule, opening relationships curve can quickly judge the range of relaxation zone, and high sensitivity, precision are high, measurement result
It is easy to data processing.
2nd, compared with existing Measure Technology for Loose Circle of Crush, one kind of the invention is based on distributed resistance foil gauge and measures country rock
The method of relaxation zone, testing cost is cheap and greatly reduces workload, and the result precision of measurement is high, is easy to construct at the scene
The advantages that, it can be widely used in the test of the wall rock loosening rings such as tunnel, underground engineering.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow signal of method that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the testing element of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram using testing element test wall rock loosening ring construction.
Fig. 4 is the country rock depth of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the trend chart of strain value.
Mark meaning is as follows in figure：Pvc pipe 1, resistance strain gage 2, circular hole 3, conducting wire 4, tunnel 5, drilling 6, testing element
7th, deformeter 8.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment is carried out lower based on the technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
A kind of monitoring index of method that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge of the present invention is country rock
Strain value at different location, the resistance strain gage for going out to be pasted onto on pvc pipe body at different location by strain-ga(u)ge measurement are opened
Strain variation after the mining influences such as digging determines the range of relaxation zone.
A large amount of test observation and theoretical analysis shows that, relaxation zone be in rupture zone, and macro manifestations microfissure increases, change
Shape increase, deformation modulus reduce.The country rock strain value that strain gage testing in the range of relaxation zone comes out, relative to modeling
Property area, elastic region and initial stress area it is big, can be according to this mutation is strained the characteristics of, judge the range of relaxation zone.Judge
The standard of the range of country rock position relaxation zone is：Strain value peak position to the country rock between drill hole is in relaxation zone range
It is interior.
A kind of method that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge, referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the one of the present invention
Kind measures the flow diagram of the method for wall rock loosening ring based on distributed resistance foil gauge, includes the following steps：
Step 101, rule of thumb formula estimate the range of test position relaxation zone, the pine provided further according to estimation result
The range of moving-coil selects to fit long pvc pipe making processing testing element：
The tube surfaces that resistance strain gage spacing is pasted to pvc pipe are fixed, and are pasted direction and are consistent, and to each
Resistance strain gage is numbered；
Referring to Fig. 2, testing element includes pvc pipe 1, which is equipped with several resistance-strains along pipe shaft length direction spacing
Piece 2, the resistance strain gage 2 are pasted and fixed on pvc pipe 1.The pvc pipe 1 is equipped with several circular holes along pipe shaft length direction spacing, often
One resistance strain gage, 2 side is equipped with a circular hole 3, and one end of each 2 and one conducting wire 4 of resistance strain gage is electrically connected, which wears
Corresponding circular hole 3 is crossed, is drawn out to the outside of pvc pipe 1.
In this preferred embodiment, spacing is equipped with n on the pvc pipe that the range of the relaxation zone provided with estimation result is adapted
Resistance strain gage 2, and resistance strain gage 2 is set to according to the spacing of L1=L/n=3~5cm on pvc pipe body, and resistance-strain
The stickup orientation of piece 2 is consistent, and resistance strain gage 2 is numbered successively, number consecutively 1#, 2# ..., i#≤n).
Step 102, the strain value using testing element test different surrounding rock position：
(21) test roadway surrounding rock position and direction are selected；
(22) construction drill, the depth of drilling and the length of testing element are adapted；
It is drilled using air drill or hydraulic drill rig to roadway surrounding rock interior construction, a diameter of 42-45mm of drilling, drilling
What depth and the length of testing element were adapted, after drilling construction, exit drilling rod.Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is using test member
The schematic diagram of part test wall rock loosening ring construction.Selected tunnel 5, construction drill so that drill 6 depth and testing element 7
Length is adapted.
(23) testing element 7 is placed in drilling 6, upward, injection hole sealing makes testing element in the direction of resistance strain gage 2
It is coupled with country rock；
The testing element 7 that will be processed, that is, the pvc pipe with resistance strain gage are positioned in drilling, resistance-strain
The direction of piece carries out slip casting upward, to drilling, seals real drilling.After the completion for the treatment of sealing of hole, stablize 5~10d, make testing element and country rock
After carrying out efficient coupling, test is proceeded by.Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the signal using testing element test wall rock loosening ring construction
Figure.During stabilization, the conducting wire 4 drawn outside testing element 7 is protected, preventing from making moist etc. causes conducting wire 4 to damage.
(24) deformeter is debugged, the resistance strain gage for being 1# will be numbered and be electrically connected by conducting wire and deformeter 8, measure and compile
Number for 1 the corresponding country rock position of resistance strain gage strain value ε1, as the foundation for judging relaxation zone range, store and remember
Record；
(25) be 2 by number, 3 ..., the resistance strain gage of n, according to the test method of step (24), measure number be 2,
3rd ..., the strain value ε at the corresponding country rock position of the resistance strain gage of n2、......、εn-1、εn, record storage strain Value Data,
As the foundation for judging relaxation zone range；
Test the corresponding strain value ε of 1# resistance strain gages1Afterwards, repeat step to remaining n-1 resistance strain gage into
Row test, the strain value tested out respectively are ε2、......、εn-1、εn, when n-th of resistance strain gage corresponds to answering for country rock position
Variate εnAfter record storage, entire test job terminates.
Step 103, the distribution characteristics according to the strain value of different surrounding rock position judge the range of country rock position relaxation zone.
According to the test result of step 3, draw out the relation curve of country rock position and strain value ε, by inside country rock not
With distribution characteristics, that is, variance analysis of the strain value at position, to judge the range of country rock position relaxation zone：Strain peak position
Country rock between to drilling orifice is in the range of relaxation zone.
Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the country rock depth of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the trend chart of strain value.Abscissa is
Distance of the resistance strain gage apart from aperture in depth, that is, testing element of country rock, ordinate are the strain value of country rock.Strain peak value
Position to the country rock between drill hole is in the range of relaxation zone.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requirement rather than above description limit, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference numeral in claim should not be considered as to the involved claim of limitation.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be properly combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiment being appreciated that.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. method that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge, which is characterized in that include the following steps：Step 1, rule of thumb formula estimate the range of test position relaxation zone, the relaxation zone provided further according to estimation result Range selects to fit long pvc pipe, makes processing testing element, and the tube surfaces that resistance strain gage spacing pastes pvc pipe are consolidated It is fixed, it pastes direction and is consistent, and each resistance strain gage is numbered；Testing element includes pvc pipe, which is equipped with several resistance strain gages, the resistance-strain along pipe shaft length direction spacing Piece is pasted and fixed on pvc pipe；The pvc pipe 1 is equipped with several circular holes along pipe shaft length direction spacing, and each resistance strain gage side is equal Equipped with a circular hole, one end of each resistance strain gage and a conducting wire is electrically connected, which passes through corresponding circular hole, is drawn out to PVC The outside of pipe；Spacing is equipped with n resistance strain gage on the pvc pipe that the range of the relaxation zone provided with estimation result is adapted, and Resistance strain gage is set to according to the spacing of L1=L/n=3~5cm on pvc pipe body, and the stickup orientation of resistance strain gage is kept Unanimously, resistance strain gage is numbered successively, number consecutively 1#, 2# ..., i#；Step 2, the strain value of test country rock position：(21) test roadway surrounding rock position and direction are selected,(22) construction drill, the depth of drilling and the length of testing element are adapted,It is drilled using air drill or hydraulic drill rig to roadway surrounding rock interior construction, a diameter of 42-45mm of drilling, the depth of drilling It is adapted with the length of testing element, after drilling construction, exits drilling rod；Selected tunnel, construction drill so that drilling Depth and the length of testing element are adapted；(23) testing element is placed in drilling, upward, injection hole sealing makes testing element and country rock coupling in the direction of resistance strain gage It closes；The testing element that will be processed, that is, the pvc pipe with resistance strain gage are positioned in drilling, the side of resistance strain gage To upward, slip casting is carried out to drilling, seals real drilling；After the completion for the treatment of sealing of hole, stablize 5~10d, testing element is made to be had with country rock After effect coupling, test is proceeded by；(24) deformeter is debugged, the resistance strain gage for being 1 will be numbered and be electrically connected by conducting wire and deformeter, it is 1 to measure number The corresponding country rock position of resistance strain gage strain value ε1；(25) be 2 by number, 3 ..., the resistance strain gage of n, according to the test method of step (24), measure number be 2,3 ..., Strain value ε at the corresponding country rock position of resistance strain gage of n2、......、εn-1、εn, record storage strain Value Data；After testing the corresponding strain value of 1# resistance strain gages, repeat step and remaining n-1 resistance strain gage tested, The strain value tested out respectively is, entire to test after n-th of resistance strain gage corresponds to the strain value record storage of country rock position Work terminates；Step 3, the range for judging country rock position relaxation zone：According to the test result of step 3, country rock position and strain value are drawn out The relation curve of ε, by distribution characteristics, that is, variance analysis of the strain value at different location inside country rock, to judge country rock position The range of relaxation zone.
- 2. a kind of method that wall rock loosening ring is measured based on distributed resistance foil gauge according to claim 1, feature It is：In step 3, the standard for judging the range of country rock position relaxation zone is：Strain value peak position is to enclosing between drill hole Rock is in the range of relaxation zone.
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| CN107703055B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2024-04-02 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Surrounding rock relaxation monitoring device and relaxation depth judging method thereof |
| CN108981814B (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2023-09-29 | 山西大同大学 | Device and method for monitoring real-time parameters of roadway surrounding rock |
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