CN114319395A - Ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure and construction method - Google Patents
Ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a flexible ecological slope protection structure of ecological bag modified expansive soil and a construction method thereof. The waterproof layer is tightly attached to the slope surface, and a reverse filtering layer is arranged on the waterproof layer; the reverse filtering layer is covered with a flexible protective surface formed by ecological bags on the slope surface part; the ecological bag is filled with modified expansive soil, and connecting buttons are arranged between layers. The invention reasonably utilizes the excavated expansive soil to modify the soil, and the soil is placed in the ecological bag to form a flexible protective surface, so that the side slope of the expansive soil can be effectively treated, and the purposes of stable structure, economy and reasonability and restoration of a vegetation ecosystem of the slope surface are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological slope protection and ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible slope protection structure for an expansive soil side slope and a construction method.
Background
Expansive soil, also known as "expansive soil", is widely distributed in north and south China and all over the world. The soil contains more clay minerals such as montmorillonite and illite, has strong hydrophilicity, and can expand violently when meeting water and shrink remarkably after losing water. The side slope of the soil body is easy to be damaged by landslide and the like under the dry and wet action, and engineering measures are needed for treatment. The traditional treatment measures comprise the building of a rigid soil retaining structure, the spray anchoring slope protection and the like. Because the materials used by the measures are easy to crack or crack (the rigid material is easy to crack or crack), the slope surface expansive soil is easy to deform excessively due to water seepage, and the rigid slope protection structure is damaged (the allowable deformation amount of the rigid structure is too small), so that accidents such as slope protection failure, landslide and the like occur. Moreover, the traditional slope protection measures are not beneficial to slope ecological restoration and landscape beautification. To overcome these problems, new solutions are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems and provides an ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure and a construction method, which can provide effective protection for an expansive soil side slope, recover a slope vegetation ecosystem and improve the slope landscape.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a flexible ecological slope protection structure of ecological bag modified expansive soil comprises a one-stage or multi-stage step slope protection system, wherein the one-stage step slope protection system is composed of a pavement platform part and a slope part and comprises a catch basin or a drainage ditch, a foundation, a waterproof layer, a reverse filtering layer and a flexible protective surface formed by stacking ecological bags in layers, the waterproof layer is tightly attached to the slope, and the reverse filtering layer is arranged on the waterproof layer; the reverse filtering layer is covered with a flexible protective surface formed by ecological bags on the slope surface part; the layered stacked ecological bags are filled with modified expansive soil, and connecting buttons are arranged between the layers; the back filter layer is covered with a foundation on the platform part of the packway, the platform part is provided with a water filtering ditch, a water filtering pipe is arranged in the water filtering ditch, and the back filter layer extends and fills the water filtering ditch; the drip irrigation pipe is horizontally arranged between two adjacent layers of ecological bags.
Preferably, the formula of the modified expansive soil is (per m)3Contents of components, neglecting water content): 0.8-0.9 m of expansive soil3Surface soil of 0.05-0.1 m30.05-0.1 m of organic matter330-80 kg of ordinary portland cement, 0-50 kg of quicklime powder, 30-80 kg of vegetation concrete additive and compound fertilizer: 1-2 kg; the soil taking depth of the cultivation surface soil is less than 2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 30-50% (volume ratio) of the organic matter is obtained after rotting treatment; the quicklime powder is the building quicklime, and the quality of the quicklime powder meets the quality standard requirement of JC/T479-2013; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 60 percent (mass ratio).
Preferably, the bag body of the ecological bag is made of polypropylene (PP) or polyester fiber (PET) serving as a raw material and is processed by double-sided ironing and needling non-woven fabric.
Preferably, the flexible protective surface is provided with a seeding spray layer, and the formula of the seeding spray layer is (per one)m3Contents of components, neglecting water content): 0.9m loam30.1 m of organic matter330-80 kg of ordinary portland cement, 30-80 kg of vegetation concrete additive, and water-retaining agent: 0.5-1kg, compound fertilizer: 1-2 kg, plant seed 1000-; the loam is surface soil, and the soil taking depth is less than 2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 50 percent (volume ratio) of the crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like are subjected to decay treatment; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 50% (mass ratio), and the water-retaining agent is a resin water-retaining agent.
Preferably, a plane net is arranged in the sowing spray layer.
Preferably, the inverted filter layer is composed of natural coarse gravel, and the particle diameter is 2.36-25 mm.
Preferably, the waterproof layer is formed by paving a bentonite waterproof blanket.
Preferably, the vegetation concrete additive adopts a wet spraying vegetation concrete additive (patent number: ZL 201910726453.5).
Preferably, a plurality of lacing wire holes are formed in the soil body of the slope surface part, lacing wires are arranged in the holes, the lacing wires penetrate through the waterproof layer and the reverse filter layer, one end of the lacing wires is bound on the connecting buckle, and the other end of the lacing wires extends into the lacing wire holes; micro-expansion mortar is filled in the gap between the lacing wire and the lacing wire hole; the blending formula of the micro-expansion mortar comprises the following components in percentage by volume: cement: gypsum: river sand = 1: 1: 6.
the construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch, laying water filtering pipes, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): forming a lacing wire hole by using a drilling machine for dry drilling, and injecting newly-mixed micro-expansion mortar into the hole after inserting the lacing wire;
step 3): paving a waterproof layer to enable the waterproof layer to form a whole, extending to 2m outside the slope top intercepting ditch and the slope bottom drainage ditch, enabling the outer part of the lacing wire hole to penetrate through the waterproof layer, and performing waterproof treatment on the penetrated position;
step 4): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer in each level of the pavement platform and the water filtering ditch;
step 5): paving waterproof canvas on the inverted filter layer of each grade of the pavement platform, building a foundation to form a drainage ditch, paving construction concrete, and forming strength after maintenance;
step 6): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 7): stacking ecological bags on the basis to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filter layer with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height is close to the height of the lacing wires, the end parts of the outer parts of the holes of the lacing wires are bound on the interlayer connecting buckles of the ecological bags; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes, laying the drip irrigation pipes; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope;
step 8): paving a net on the flexible protective surface of each stage of the ecological bag, and fixing the ecological bag on the ecological bag by using a U-shaped nail;
step 9): preparing a seeding spray layer according to a formula, and constructing the seeding spray layer on the flexible protective surface of the ecological bag by using a spray seeding machine;
step 10): covering with non-woven fabric, and watering for curing.
The other construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch, laying water filtering pipes, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): paving a waterproof layer to enable the waterproof layer to form a whole and extend to 2m outside the slope top intercepting ditch and the slope bottom drainage ditch;
step 3): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer in each level of the pavement platform and the water filtering ditch;
step 4): paving waterproof canvas on the inverted filter layer of each grade of the pavement platform, building a foundation to form a drainage ditch, paving construction concrete, and forming strength after maintenance;
step 5): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 6): stacking ecological bags on the basis to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filter layer with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes, laying the drip irrigation pipes; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope;
step 7): laying a plane net on the flexible protective surface of each grade of ecological bag, and fixing the plane net on the ecological bag by using a U-shaped nail;
step 8): preparing a seeding spray layer according to a formula, and constructing the seeding spray layer on the flexible protective surface of the ecological bag by using a spray seeding machine;
step 9): covering with non-woven fabric, and watering for curing.
The other construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch, laying water filtering pipes, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): paving a waterproof layer to enable the waterproof layer to form a whole and extend to 2m outside the slope top intercepting ditch and the slope bottom drainage ditch;
step 3): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer in each level of the pavement platform and the water filtering ditch;
step 4): paving waterproof canvas on the inverted filter layer of each grade of the pavement platform, building a foundation to form a drainage ditch, paving construction concrete, and forming strength after maintenance;
step 5): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 6): stacking ecological bags on the basis to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filter layer with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes, laying the drip irrigation pipes; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope.
The other construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch, laying water filtering pipes, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): forming a lacing wire hole by using a drilling machine for dry drilling, and injecting newly-mixed micro-expansion mortar into the hole after inserting the lacing wire;
step 3): paving a waterproof layer to enable the waterproof layer to form a whole, extending to 2m outside the slope top intercepting ditch and the slope bottom drainage ditch, enabling the outer part of the lacing wire hole to penetrate through the waterproof layer, and performing waterproof treatment on the penetrated position;
step 4): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer in each level of the pavement platform and the water filtering ditch;
step 5): paving waterproof canvas on the inverted filter layer of each grade of the pavement platform, building a foundation to form a drainage ditch, paving construction concrete, and forming strength after maintenance;
step 6): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 7): stacking ecological bags on the basis to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filter layer with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height is close to the height of the lacing wires, the end parts of the outer parts of the holes of the lacing wires are bound on the interlayer connecting buckles of the ecological bags; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes, laying the drip irrigation pipes; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the ecological slope protection structure provided by the invention, the bentonite waterproof blanket is arranged to effectively isolate the ecological bag surface protection structure from the expansive soil slope surface, so that the dry-wet change of the surface protection structure does not influence the expansive soil slope surface structure, and landslide and slope protection failure caused by dry-wet deformation of slope expansive soil are avoided. The bentonite waterproof blanket also has the excellent characteristic of water tightness of plant root system puncture, and is used for the invention without worrying about later-stage root system puncture damage and influencing the growth of slope vegetation.
(2) The ecological slope protection structure provided by the invention is modified by using the expansive soil stripped from the slope surface on site, and the volume change of the facing structure is reduced by utilizing the hydration and consolidation action of cement and lime, so that the ecological slope protection structure is beneficial to the stability of the slope surface; and the added organic matter also increases the porosity of the facing structure and provides a space for volume change. In addition, the restraint effect of the ecological bag on the soil body and the pulling effect of the lacing wire on the surface protection structure of the ecological bag are beneficial to the stability of the slope surface, and the slope protection system is ensured not to lose efficacy.
(3) According to the invention, the inverted filter layer formed by natural coarse gravel is arranged between the waterproof layer and the facing, so that the waterproof layer can be effectively protected, and the excess water seeped from the facing structure can be drained, so that the dry-wet isolation between the facing structure and the slope expansive soil is more effective. Meanwhile, the inverted filter layer formed by natural coarse gravel has larger porosity, can allow larger deformation and is beneficial to the stability of the slope protection structure.
(4) The ecological slope protection structure provided by the invention is flexible in structure composition, and various ecological slope protection structures can be combined according to actual needs so as to achieve the highest cost performance. If the invention is used in a gentle slope, the lacing system can be omitted; in areas with sufficient rainwater, rich species and sufficient seed sources nearby, the seeding spray layer can be omitted.
(5) According to the ecological slope protection structure provided by the invention, the permeable soil-impermeable ecological bags are used, the root system is allowed to prick soil in the bags, and the possibility is provided for slope ecological restoration and establishment of a long-term stable ecological system.
(6) According to the ecological slope protection structure provided by the invention, the expansive soil is modified, and the surface soil for cultivation, the compound fertilizer, the organic matter and the vegetation concrete additive are added, so that the mechanical property of the expansive soil is improved, and the growth of plant roots is facilitated; along with the alkalinity of the cement hydration products in the later period, the plant growth regulator is more suitable for the propagation of soil microorganisms and is more beneficial to the growth of vegetation under the leaching action and the neutralization action of acid substances secreted by the root systems of the vegetation.
(7) The sowing mode of the plant seeds with the spraying belt improves the production efficiency and enables the slope to quickly establish a vegetation system. The sprayed layer adopts a vegetation concrete formula, has good early-stage erosion resistance, and can be effectively kept on the slope surface before vegetation is not covered.
(8) By arranging drip irrigation equipment, the invention can ensure the water supply of the slope vegetation in northwest arid areas or in southern dry seasons. The method has great significance in occasions with higher requirements on road landscape.
(9) The invention uses a large amount of expansive soil on site, reduces the transportation and stacking cost of the waste soil and saves the cost. The organic matter made of the crop straws is used on the spot, which is also beneficial to reducing the construction cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4 are schematic cross-sectional views of 4 embodiments of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-water filtering ditch, 2-water filtering pipe, 3-lacing wire hole, 4-lacing wire, 5-micro expansion mortar, 6-waterproof layer, 7-inverted filter layer, 8-waterproof canvas, 9-foundation, 10-drainage ditch, 11-ecological bag, 12-modified expansion soil, 13-drip irrigation pipe, 14-U-shaped nail, 15-plane net, 16-spraying layer, 17-intercepting ditch, and 18-construction concrete pavement.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, a flexible ecological slope protection structure of ecological bag modified expansive soil comprises a one-stage or multi-stage step slope protection system, wherein the one-stage step slope protection system comprises a pavement platform part and a slope part, and comprises a water interception ditch 17 or a drainage ditch 10, a foundation 9, a waterproof layer 6, a reverse filtering layer 7 and a flexible protective surface formed by stacking ecological bags 11 in layers, wherein the waterproof layer 6 is tightly attached to the slope surface, and the reverse filtering layer 7 is arranged on the waterproof layer 6; the reverse filtering layer 7 is covered with a flexible protective surface formed by ecological bags 11 on the slope surface part; the layered stacked ecological bag 11 is filled with modified expansive soil 12, and connecting buttons are arranged between layers; the inverted filter layer 7 is covered with a foundation 9 on the platform part of the sidewalk, the platform part is provided with a water filtering ditch 1, a water filtering pipe 2 is arranged in the water filtering ditch 1, and the inverted filter layer 7 extends and fills the water filtering ditch 1; the drip irrigation pipe 13 is horizontally arranged between two adjacent layers of ecological bags 11.
Preferably, the formula of the modified expansive soil 12 is (per m)3Contents of components, neglecting water content): 0.8-0.9 m of expansive soil3Surface soil of 0.05-0.1 m30.05-0.1 m of organic matter330-80 kg of ordinary portland cement, 0-50 kg of quicklime powder, 30-80 kg of vegetation concrete additive and compound fertilizer: 1-2 kg; the soil taking depth of the cultivation surface soil is less than 2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 30-50% (volume ratio) of the organic matter is obtained after rotting treatment; the quicklime powder is the building quicklime, and the quality of the quicklime powder meets the quality standard requirement of JC/T479-2013; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 60 percent (mass ratio).
Preferably, the bag body of the ecological bag 11 is made of polypropylene (PP) or polyester fiber (PET) as a raw material, and is formed by processing a double-sided ironing needle-punched non-woven fabric.
Preferably, said flexible facing has a seeding spray layer (16) of formula (per m)3Contents of each component, neglecting water content)): 0.9m loam30.1 m of organic matter330-80 kg of ordinary portland cement, 30-80 kg of vegetation concrete additive, and water-retaining agent: 0.5-1kg, compound fertilizer: 1-2 kg, plant seed 1000-; the loam is surface soil, and the soil taking depth is less than 2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 50 percent (volume ratio) of the crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like are subjected to decay treatment; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 50% (mass ratio), and the water-retaining agent is a resin water-retaining agent.
Preferably, the seeding spray layer 16 is provided with a plane net 15.
Preferably, the inverted filter layer 7 is made of natural coarse gravel and has a particle diameter of 2.36-25 mm.
Preferably, the waterproof layer 6 is formed by paving a bentonite waterproof blanket.
Preferably, the vegetation concrete additive adopts a wet spraying vegetation concrete additive, and the plant growth regulator has the following patent numbers: ZL 201910726453.5.
Preferably, a plurality of lacing wire holes 3 are formed in the soil body of the slope part, lacing wires 4 are arranged in the holes, the lacing wires 4 penetrate through the waterproof layer 6 and the inverted filter layer 7, one end of each lacing wire is bound on the connecting buckle, and the other end of each lacing wire extends into the lacing wire hole 3; gaps between the lacing wires 4 and the lacing wire holes 3 are filled with micro-expansion mortar 5; the blending formula of the micro-expansion mortar comprises the following components in percentage by volume: cement: gypsum: river sand = 1: 1: 6.
the construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch 1, laying water filtering pipes 2, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch 17; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): a lacing wire hole 3 is formed by dry drilling with a drilling machine, and after the lacing wire 4 is inserted, the freshly mixed micro-expansion mortar 5 is injected into the hole;
step 3): paving a waterproof layer 6 to enable the waterproof layer 6 to form a whole, extending to 2m outside a slope top intercepting ditch 17 and a slope bottom drainage ditch 10, enabling the outer parts of the holes of the tie bars 4 to penetrate through the waterproof layer 6, and performing waterproof treatment on the penetrated positions;
step 4): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer 7 in each level of the pavement platform and the water filtering ditch 1;
step 5): paving waterproof canvas 8 on each level of the horse way platform inverted filter layer 7, and building a foundation 9 to form a drainage ditch 10; constructing concrete pavement 18, and forming strength after curing;
step 6): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1 with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 7): stacking ecological bags 11 on the foundation 9 to form a flexible protective surface, and filling the inverted filter layer 7 with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface every stacking; when the stacking height is close to the height of the lacing wires, the end parts of the outer parts of the holes of the lacing wires 4 are bound on the interlayer connecting buckles of the ecological bags; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes 13, laying the drip irrigation pipes 13; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope;
step 8): a plane net 15 is laid on the flexible protective surface of each level of ecological bag and is fixed on the ecological bag 11 by a U-shaped nail 14;
step 9): preparing a seeding spray layer 16 according to a formula, and constructing the seeding spray layer on the flexible protective surface of the ecological bag by using a spray seeding machine;
step 10): covering with non-woven fabric, and watering for curing.
The other construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch 1, laying water filtering pipes 2, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch 17; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): paving a waterproof layer 6 to enable the waterproof layer 6 to form a whole and extend to 2m outside the slope top intercepting drain 17 and the slope bottom drainage drain 10;
step 3): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer 7 in each level of the pavement platform and the water filtering ditch 1;
step 4): paving waterproof canvas 8 on each level of the horse way platform inverted filter layer 7, and building a foundation 9 to form a drainage ditch 10; constructing concrete pavement 18, and forming strength after curing;
step 5): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1 with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 6): stacking ecological bags 11 on the foundation 9 to form a flexible protective surface, and filling the inverted filter layer 7 with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface every stacking; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes 13, laying the drip irrigation pipes 13; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope;
step 7): a plane net 15 is laid on the flexible protective surface of each level of ecological bag and is fixed on the ecological bag 11 by a U-shaped nail 14;
step 8): preparing a seeding spray layer 16 according to a formula, and constructing the seeding spray layer on the flexible protective surface of the ecological bag by using a spray seeding machine;
and step 9: covering with non-woven fabric, and watering for curing.
The other construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch 1, laying water filtering pipes 2, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch 17; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): paving a waterproof layer 6 to enable the waterproof layer 6 to form a whole and extend to 2m outside the slope top intercepting drain 17 and the slope bottom drainage drain 10;
step 3): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer 7 in each level of the pavement platform and the water filtering ditch 1;
step 4): paving waterproof canvas 8 on each level of the horse way platform inverted filter layer 7, and building a foundation 9 to form a drainage ditch 10; constructing concrete pavement 18, and forming strength after curing;
step 5): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1 with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 6): stacking ecological bags 11 on the foundation 9 to form a flexible protective surface, and filling the inverted filter layer 7 with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface every stacking; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes 13, laying the drip irrigation pipes 13; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope.
The other construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch 1, laying water filtering pipes 2, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch 17; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): a lacing wire hole 3 is formed by dry drilling with a drilling machine, and after the lacing wire 4 is inserted, the freshly mixed micro-expansion mortar 5 is injected into the hole;
step 3): paving a waterproof layer 6 to enable the waterproof layer 6 to form a whole, extending to 2m outside a slope top intercepting ditch 17 and a slope bottom drainage ditch 10, enabling the outer parts of the holes of the tie bars 4 to penetrate through the waterproof layer 6, and performing waterproof treatment on the penetrated positions;
step 4): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer 7 in each level of the pavement platform and the water filtering ditch 1;
step 5): paving waterproof canvas 8 on each level of the filtering layer 7 of the pavement platform, building a foundation 9 to form a drainage ditch 10, constructing concrete pavement 18, and forming strength after maintenance;
step 6): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1 with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 7): stacking ecological bags 11 on the foundation 9 to form a flexible protective surface, and filling the inverted filter layer 7 with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface every stacking; when the stacking height is close to the height of the lacing wires, the end parts of the outer parts of the holes of the lacing wires 4 are bound on the interlayer connecting buckles of the ecological bags; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes 13, laying the drip irrigation pipes 13; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope.
Three specific examples are specifically illustrated below:
example 1
The slope ratio of the expansive soil cutting slope in a certain place in south is 1:1, the slope height is 18 m, and the ecological slope protection method is adopted for ecological slope protection.
The slope protection system is divided into three steps, and the one-step slope protection system is composed of a pavement platform part and a slope part. Comprises a cut-off ditch, a drainage ditch, a foundation, a waterproof layer, a reverse filtering layer, a flexible protective surface and a seeding spraying layer which are formed by layering and stacking ecological bags. Each stage of slope protection is 6 m high, the top of the uppermost stage of slope is provided with a catch basin, and the width of each stage of step platform is 3 m; and a drainage ditch with the depth of 0.2m and the width of 0.25m is arranged and is covered by a reinforced concrete cover plate. C20 concrete is adopted as a foundation for stacking the ecological bags, and the thickness is 0.4 m; the flexible protective surface (30 cm thick) is formed by stacking ecological bags in layers; the ecological bag is made of double-sided ironing needle-punched non-woven fabric made of polypropylene (PP) serving as a raw material, and the size of an empty bag body is 80cm multiplied by 40 cm; the waterproof layer adopts a needle-punching sodium bentonite waterproof blanket with the model number of GCL-NP/A/5000/30-6; the inverted filter layer is composed of natural coarse gravel (the thickness is 0.15 m), and the particle diameter is 2.36-25 mm; positional relationship of each layer: the waterproof layer is tightly attached to the slope surface, and a reverse filtering layer is arranged on the waterproof layer; the reverse filtering layer is covered with a flexible protective surface formed by ecological bags on the slope surface part; connecting buttons are arranged between the layers of the ecological bag; the inverted filter layer is covered with a foundation on the platform part of the berm, the platform part is provided with a water filtering ditch (the depth is 0.15m, the width is 0.2 m), two water filtering pipes (the pipe walls are provided with holes) with the diameters of 50 mm are arranged in the water filtering ditch, and the inverted filter layer extends and fills the water filtering ditch; the drip irrigation pipes adopt PE (polyethylene) with the diameter of 16 mm and the wall thickness of 0.8 mm for drip irrigation, drippers (with the distance of 0.5 m) are embedded, and the drip irrigation pipes are horizontally arranged between two adjacent layers of ecological bags at the height of 0.7 m.
The ecological bag is filled with modified expansive soil, and the formula of the modified expansive soil is (per m)3Contents of components, neglecting water content): expansive soil 0.8m3Surface soil of 0.1 m is cultivated30.1 m of organic matter380 kg of ordinary portland cement, 10 kg of quicklime powder, 80 kg of vegetation concrete additive and compound fertilizer: 2 kg; the depth of the soil taken from the surface soil of cultivation is less than 2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 50 percent (volume ratio) of the crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like are obtained after rotting treatment; the quicklime powder is the building quicklime, and the quality meets the quality standard requirement of JC/T479-2013; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 60 percent (mass ratio).
The flexible protective surface is provided with a seeding spray layer with a thickness of 3cm and the formula of the seeding spray layer is (per m)3Contents of each component, neglecting water content)): 0.9m loam30.1 m of organic matter380 kg of ordinary portland cement, 80 kg of vegetation concrete additive, and water-retaining agent: 0.5kg, compound fertilizer: 2 kg of grass-shrub plant seeds 1000 g; the loam is surface soil, and the soil taking depth is less than 2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 50 percent (volume ratio) of the crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like are subjected to decay treatment; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 50% (mass ratio), and the water-retaining agent is a resin water-retaining agent.
The vegetation concrete additive adopts a wet spraying vegetation concrete additive, and has the following patent numbers: ZL 201910726453.5.
A plurality of lacing wire holes (the aperture is 40 mm, and the hole depth is 1.5 m) are arranged in the soil body of the slope part; a square lacing wire (the section size is 10 mm multiplied by 10 mm) is arranged in the hole, the lacing wire penetrates through the waterproof layer and the inverted filter layer, one end of the lacing wire is bound on the connecting buckle, and the other end of the lacing wire extends into the lacing wire hole; the end part of the lacing wire in the hole is provided with a T-shaped head, and a gap between the lacing wire and the lacing wire hole is filled with micro-expansion mortar; the blending formula of the micro-expansion mortar comprises the following components in percentage by volume: cement: gypsum: river sand = 1: 1: 6.
the construction method for modifying the flexible ecological slope protection structure of the expansive soil by utilizing the ecological bag comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out graded slope releasing on the side slope to form a three-level packway platform, forming a water filtering ditch, laying water filtering pipes, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): forming a lacing wire hole by using a drilling machine for dry drilling, and injecting newly-mixed micro-expansion mortar into the hole after inserting the lacing wire;
step 3): paving a waterproof layer (the lapping width of two adjacent sodium-based bentonite waterproof blankets is not less than 20 cm, sodium-based bentonite with the thickness of 10 mm is scattered at the lapping position, the same is performed below), the waterproof layer forms a whole body and extends to 2m outside a slope top intercepting ditch and a slope bottom drainage ditch, the outer part of a lacing wire hole penetrates through the waterproof layer, and waterproof treatment is performed on a puncture position (the treatment method is that the puncture position is scattered with the sodium-based bentonite and is sewed with non-woven fabric for covering, the same is performed below);
step 4): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer in each level of the pavement platform and the water filtering ditch;
step 5): laying a layer of waterproof canvas on the reverse filter layer of each grade of the pavement platform, wherein the area of the waterproof canvas is larger than the bottom area of the foundation, and then building the foundation to form a drainage ditch; constructing concrete pavement, and forming strength after curing;
step 6): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 7): stacking ecological bags on the basis to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filter layer with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height is close to the height of the lacing wires, the end parts of the outer parts of the holes of the lacing wires are bound on the interlayer connecting buckles of the ecological bags; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes, laying the drip irrigation pipes; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope;
step 8): laying a plane net on the flexible protective surface of each grade of ecological bag, and fixing the plane net on the ecological bag by using a U-shaped nail;
step 9): preparing a seeding spray layer according to a formula, and constructing the seeding spray layer on the flexible protective surface of the ecological bag by using a spray seeding machine;
step 10): covering with non-woven fabric, and watering for curing.
Example 2
The slope ratio of the expansive soil cutting side slope in the northern area is 1:2, the slope height is 10 m, and the ecological slope protection method is adopted for ecological slope protection.
Divide into 2 grades of step bank protections, one-level step bank protection system has the pavement platform part and domatic part to constitute. Comprises a cut-off ditch, a drainage ditch, a foundation, a waterproof layer, a reverse filtering layer, a flexible protective surface and a seeding spraying layer which are formed by layering and stacking ecological bags. Each grade of slope protection is 5m high, the top of the uppermost grade of slope is provided with a catch basin, and the width of each grade of step platform is 2 m; and a drainage ditch with the depth of 0.2m and the width of 0.2m is arranged and is covered by a reinforced concrete cover plate. C20 concrete is adopted as a foundation for stacking the ecological bags, and the thickness is 0.3 m; the flexible protective surface (35 cm thick) is formed by stacking ecological bags in layers; the ecological bag is formed by processing double-sided ironing needle-punched non-woven fabrics made of polypropylene (PP) serving as a raw material, and the size of an empty bag body is 90cm multiplied by 45 cm; the waterproof layer adopts a needle-punching sodium bentonite waterproof blanket with the model number of GCL-NP/A/5000/30-6; the inverted filter layer is composed of natural coarse gravel (the thickness is 0.15 m), and the particle diameter is 2.36-25 mm; positional relationship of each layer: the waterproof layer is tightly attached to the slope surface, and a reverse filtering layer is arranged on the waterproof layer; the reverse filtering layer is covered with a flexible protective surface formed by ecological bags on the slope surface part; connecting buttons are arranged between the layers of the ecological bag; the inverted filter layer is covered with a foundation on the platform part of the berm, the platform part is provided with a water filtering ditch (the depth is 0.15m, the width is 0.15 m), two water filtering pipes (the pipe walls are provided with holes) with the diameter of 40 mm are arranged in the water filtering ditch, and the inverted filter layer extends and fills the water filtering ditch; the drip irrigation pipes adopt PE (polyethylene) with the diameter of 16 mm and the wall thickness of 0.6 mm for drip irrigation, drippers (with the distance of 0.5 m) are embedded, and the drip irrigation pipes are horizontally arranged between two adjacent layers of ecological bags at the height of 0.7 m.
The ecological bag is filled with modified expansive soil, and the formula of the modified expansive soil is (per m)3Contents of components, neglecting water content): expansive soil 0.9m3Surface soil of 0.05 m30.05 m of organic matter330 kg of ordinary portland cement, 30 kg of vegetation concrete additive and compound fertilizer: 1 kg; the depth of the soil taken from the surface soil of cultivation is less than 2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 50 percent (volume ratio) of the crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like are obtained after rotting treatment; the quicklime powder is the building quicklime, and the quality meets the quality standard requirement of JC/T479-2013; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 60 percent (mass ratio).
The flexible protective surface is provided with a seeding spray layer with a thickness of 3cm and the formula of the seeding spray layer is (per m)3Contents of each component, neglecting water content)): 0.9m loam30.1 m of organic matter330 kg of ordinary portland cement, 30 kg of vegetation concrete additive, and water-retaining agent: 1kg, compound fertilizer: 1kg of grass-shrub plant seeds, 2000 g; the loam is surface soil, and the soil taking depth is less than 2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 50 percent (volume ratio) of the crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like are subjected to decay treatment; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 50% (mass ratio), and the water-retaining agent is a resin water-retaining agent.
The vegetation concrete additive adopts a wet spraying vegetation concrete additive, and has the following patent numbers: ZL 201910726453.5.
The construction method for modifying the flexible ecological slope protection structure of the expansive soil by utilizing the ecological bag comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out graded slope releasing on the side slope to form a two-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch, laying water filtering pipes, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): paving a waterproof layer, wherein the waterproof layer forms a whole and extends to 2m outside the slope top intercepting ditch and the slope bottom drainage ditch;
step 3): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer in each level of the pavement platform and the water filtering ditch;
step 4): laying a layer of waterproof canvas on the reverse filter layer of each grade of the pavement platform, wherein the area of the waterproof canvas is larger than the bottom area of the foundation, and then building the foundation to form a drainage ditch; constructing concrete pavement, and forming strength after curing;
step 5): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 6): stacking ecological bags on the basis to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filter layer with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes, laying the drip irrigation pipes; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope;
step 7): laying a plane net on the flexible protective surface of each grade of ecological bag, and fixing the plane net on the ecological bag by using a U-shaped nail;
step 8): preparing a seeding spray layer according to a formula, and constructing the seeding spray layer on the flexible protective surface of the ecological bag by using a spray seeding machine;
step 9): covering with non-woven fabric, and watering for curing.
Example 3
The slope of expansive soil in a certain place in south has a slope ratio of 1:1.75 and a slope height of 12 m, and the ecological slope protection is planned to be carried out by adopting the method.
The slope protection system is divided into two steps, and the one-step slope protection system is composed of a pavement platform part and a slope part. Comprises an intercepting ditch, a drainage ditch, a foundation, a waterproof layer, a reverse filtering layer and a flexible protective surface formed by stacking ecological bags in layers. Each stage of slope protection is 6 m high, the top of the uppermost stage of slope is provided with a catch basin, and the width of each stage of step platform is 2.5 m; and a drainage ditch with the depth of 0.3m and the width of 0.3m is arranged and is covered by a reinforced concrete cover plate. C20 concrete is adopted as a foundation for stacking the ecological bags, and the thickness is 0.4 m; the flexible protective surface (25 cm thick) is formed by stacking ecological bags in layers; the ecological bag is formed by processing double-sided ironing needle-punched non-woven fabrics made of polyester fibers (PET) serving as raw materials, and the size of an empty bag body is 60cm multiplied by 30 cm; the waterproof layer adopts a needle-punching sodium bentonite waterproof blanket with the model number of GCL-NP/A/5000/30-6; the inverted filter layer is composed of natural coarse gravel (the thickness is 0.15 m), and the particle diameter is 2.36-25 mm; positional relationship of each layer: the waterproof layer is tightly attached to the slope surface, and a reverse filtering layer is arranged on the waterproof layer; the reverse filtering layer is covered with a flexible protective surface formed by ecological bags on the slope surface part; connecting buttons are arranged between the layers of the ecological bag; the inverted filter layer is covered with a foundation on the platform part of the berm, the platform part is provided with a water filtering ditch (the depth is 0.2m, the width is 0.2 m), two water filtering pipes (the pipe walls are provided with holes) with the diameter of 60 mm are arranged in the water filtering ditch, and the inverted filter layer extends and fills the water filtering ditch; the drip irrigation pipes adopt PE (polyethylene) with the diameter of 16 mm and the wall thickness of 0.8 mm for drip irrigation, drippers (with the distance of 0.5 m) are embedded, and the drip irrigation pipes are horizontally arranged between two adjacent layers of ecological bags at the height of 0.9 m.
The ecological bag is filled with modified expansive soil, and the formula of the modified expansive soil is (per m)3Contents of components, neglecting water content): expansive soil 0.85 m3Surface soil of 0.05 m30.1 m of organic matter350 kg of ordinary portland cement, 20 kg of quicklime powder, 50 kg of vegetation concrete additive and compound fertilizer: 1.5 kg; the depth of the soil taken from the surface soil of cultivation is less than 2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 50 percent (volume ratio) of the crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like are obtained after rotting treatment; the quicklime powder is the building quicklime, and the quality meets the quality standard requirement of JC/T479-2013; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 60 percent (mass ratio).
The vegetation concrete additive adopts a wet spraying vegetation concrete additive, and has the following patent numbers: ZL 201910726453.5.
The construction method for modifying the flexible ecological slope protection structure of the expansive soil by utilizing the ecological bag comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out graded slope releasing on the side slope to form a two-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch, laying water filtering pipes, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): paving a waterproof layer, wherein the waterproof layer forms a whole and extends to 2m outside the slope top intercepting ditch and the slope bottom drainage ditch;
step 3): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer in each level of the pavement platform and the water filtering ditch;
step 4): paving waterproof canvas on the inverted filter layer of each grade of the pavement platform, building a foundation to form a drainage ditch, paving construction concrete, and forming strength after maintenance;
step 5): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 6): stacking ecological bags on the basis to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filter layer with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes, laying the drip irrigation pipes; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope.
Example 4
The slope of expansive soil in a certain place in south has a slope ratio of 1:1 and a slope height of 8m, and the ecological slope protection is planned to be carried out by adopting the method.
Is a single-stage revetment. Comprises an intercepting ditch, a drainage ditch, a foundation, a waterproof layer, a reverse filtering layer and a flexible protective surface formed by stacking ecological bags in layers. The top of the slope is provided with a catch basin, and the width of the platform at the bottom of the slope is 3 m; and a drainage ditch with the depth of 0.35m and the width of 0.45 m is arranged and is covered by a reinforced concrete cover plate. C20 concrete is adopted as a foundation for stacking the ecological bags, and the thickness is 0.4 m; the flexible protective surface (30 cm thick) is formed by stacking ecological bags in layers; the ecological bag is made of double-sided ironing needle-punched non-woven fabric made of polypropylene (PP) serving as a raw material, and the size of an empty bag body is 80cm multiplied by 40 cm; the waterproof layer adopts a needle-punching sodium bentonite waterproof blanket with the model number of GCL-NP/A/5000/30-6; the inverted filter layer is composed of natural coarse gravel (the thickness is 0.25 m), and the particle diameter is 2.36-25 mm; positional relationship of each layer: the waterproof layer is tightly attached to the slope surface, and a reverse filtering layer is arranged on the waterproof layer; the reverse filtering layer is covered with a flexible protective surface formed by ecological bags on the slope surface part; connecting buttons are arranged between the layers of the ecological bag; the inverted filter layer is covered with a foundation on a slope bottom platform part, the platform part is provided with a water filtering ditch (the depth is 0.25m, the width is 0.35 m), two water filtering pipes (the pipe walls are provided with holes) with the diameters of 70 mm are arranged in the water filtering ditch, and the inverted filter layer extends and fills the water filtering ditch; the drip irrigation pipes adopt PE (polyethylene) with the diameter of 16 mm and the wall thickness of 0.8 mm for drip irrigation, drippers (with the distance of 0.5 m) are embedded, and the drip irrigation pipes are horizontally arranged between two adjacent layers of ecological bags at intervals of 0.8 m.
The ecological bag is filled with modified expansive soil, and the formula of the modified expansive soil is (per m)3Contents of components, neglecting water content): expansive soil 0.8m3Surface soil of 0.1 m is cultivated30.1 m of organic matter330 kg of ordinary portland cement, 50 kg of quicklime powder, 50 kg of vegetation concrete additive and compound fertilizer: 2 kg; the depth of the soil taken from the surface soil of cultivation is less than 2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 50 percent (volume ratio) of the crushed crop straw, sawdust, vinasse and the like are obtained after rotting treatment; the quicklime powder is the building quicklime, and the quality meets the quality standard requirement of JC/T479-2013; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 60 percent (mass ratio).
The vegetation concrete additive adopts a wet spraying vegetation concrete additive, and has the following patent numbers: ZL 201910726453.5.
A plurality of lacing wire holes (the aperture is 50 mm, and the hole depth is 2 m) are arranged in the soil body of the slope part; a square lacing wire (the section size is 12 mm multiplied by 12 mm) is arranged in the hole, the lacing wire penetrates through the waterproof layer and the inverted filter layer, one end of the lacing wire is bound on the connecting buckle, and the other end of the lacing wire extends into the lacing wire hole; the end part of the lacing wire in the hole is provided with a T-shaped head, and a gap between the lacing wire and the lacing wire hole is filled with micro-expansion mortar; the blending formula of the micro-expansion mortar comprises the following components in percentage by volume: cement: gypsum: river sand = 1: 1: 6.
the construction method for modifying the flexible ecological slope protection structure of the expansive soil by utilizing the ecological bag comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; forming a water filtering ditch, laying water filtering pipes, excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch; piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): forming a lacing wire hole by using a drilling machine for dry drilling, and injecting newly-mixed micro-expansion mortar into the hole after inserting the lacing wire;
step 3): paving a waterproof layer, wherein the waterproof layer is integrally formed and extends to 2m outside the slope top intercepting ditch and the slope bottom drainage ditch, the outer part of the lacing wire hole penetrates through the waterproof layer, and waterproof treatment is carried out on the penetrated position;
step 4): laying a horizontal inverted filter layer in the slope bottom platform and the water filtering ditch;
step 5): laying waterproof canvas on the reverse filter layer of the slope bottom platform, building a foundation to form a drainage ditch, laying construction concrete, and forming strength after maintenance;
step 6): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 7): stacking ecological bags on the basis to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filter layer with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height is close to the height of the lacing wires, the end parts of the outer parts of the holes of the lacing wires are bound on the interlayer connecting buckles of the ecological bags; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes, laying the drip irrigation pipes; until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides an ecological bag modified inflation soil flexible ecological slope protection structure, includes one-level or multistage step form bank protection system, and one-level step bank protection system has horse way platform part and domatic part to constitute, including catch water drain (17) or escape canal (10), basis (9), waterproof layer (6), inverted filter (7), the flexible mask of the constitution of layering stacking ecological bag (11), its characterized in that: the waterproof layer (6) is tightly attached to the slope, and a reverse filtering layer (7) is arranged on the waterproof layer; the reverse filtering layer (7) is covered with a flexible protective surface formed by ecological bags (11) on the slope surface part; the layered stacked ecological bags (11) are filled with modified expansive soil (12), and connecting buttons are arranged among the layers; the inverted filter layer (7) is covered with a foundation (9) on the platform part of the packway, the platform part is provided with a water filtering ditch (1), a water filtering pipe (2) is arranged in the water filtering ditch (1), and the inverted filter layer (7) extends and fills the water filtering ditch (1); the drip irrigation pipe (13) is horizontally arranged between two adjacent layers of ecological bags (11).
2. The ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the formula of the modified expansive soil (12) is as follows: per m3The contents of the components are calculated by neglecting the water content: 0.8-0.9 m of expansive soil3Surface soil of 0.05-0.1 m30.05-0.1 m of organic matter330-80 kg of ordinary portland cement, 0-50 kg of quicklime powder, 30-80 kg of vegetation concrete additive and compound fertilizer: 1-2 kg; the soil taking depth of the cultivation surface soil is less than 2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straws, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 30-50% of the organic matter is obtained by putrefaction treatment in terms of volume ratio; the quicklime powder is the building quicklime, and the quality of the quicklime powder meets the quality standard requirement of JC/T479-2013; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 60 percent by mass.
3. The ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bag body of the ecological bag (11) is made of polypropylene (PP) or polyester fiber (PET) serving as a raw material and is processed by double-sided ironing and needling non-woven fabric.
4. The ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the flexible protective surface is provided with a seeding spray layer (16) which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: per m3The contents of the components are calculated by neglecting the water content: 0.9m loam30.1 m of organic matter330-80 kg of ordinary portland cement, 30-80 kg of vegetation concrete additive, and water-retaining agent: 0.5-1kg, compound fertilizer: 1-2 kg, plant seed 1000-; the loam is surface soil, and the soil taking depth is less than2 m; the organic matter is crushed crop straws, sawdust, vinasse and the like, wherein 50% of the organic matter is rotten according to the volume ratio; the compound fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (15-15-15) compound fertilizer, wherein the long-acting compound fertilizer accounts for 50% of the mass ratio, and the water-retaining agent is a resin water-retaining agent.
5. The ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure of claim 4, which is characterized in that: the seeding spraying layer (16) is internally provided with a plane net (15).
6. The ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the inverted filter layer (7) is composed of natural coarse gravel, and the particle diameter is 2.36-25 mm.
7. The ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the waterproof layer (6) is formed by laying a bentonite waterproof blanket.
8. The ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure of claim 1, which is characterized in that: a plurality of lacing wire holes (3) are formed in the soil body of the slope surface part, lacing wires (4) are arranged in the holes, the lacing wires (4) penetrate through the waterproof layer (6) and the inverted filter layer (7), one end of each lacing wire is bound on the connecting buckle, and the other end of each lacing wire penetrates into the lacing wire holes (3); gaps between the lacing wires (4) and the lacing wire holes (3) are filled with micro-expansion mortar (5); the blending formula of the micro-expansion mortar comprises the following components in volume ratio: cement: gypsum: river sand = 1: 1: 6.
9. the construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure of any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch (1), laying water filtering pipes (2), excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch (17); piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): a lacing bar hole (3) is formed by dry drilling with a drilling machine, and after the lacing bar (4) is inserted, the hole is filled with freshly mixed micro-expansion mortar (5);
step 3): paving a waterproof layer (6), so that the waterproof layer (6) is integrated, extends out of the slope top intercepting ditch (17) and the slope bottom drainage ditch (10), allows the outer part of the hole of the tie bar (4) to penetrate through the waterproof layer (6), and carries out waterproof treatment on the punctured part;
step 4): a horizontal inverted filter layer (7) is paved in each level of the packway platform and the water filtering ditch (1);
step 5): paving waterproof canvas (8) on each level of the horse way platform inverted filter layer (7), and building a foundation (9) to form a drainage ditch (10); constructing concrete pavement (18), and forming strength after curing;
step 6): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 7): stacking ecological bags (11) on the foundation (9) to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filtering layer (7) with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height is close to the height of the lacing wires, the end parts of the hole outer parts of the lacing wires (4) are bound on the interlayer connecting buckles of the ecological bags; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes (13), laying the drip irrigation pipes (13); until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope;
step 8): a plane net (15) is laid on the flexible protective surface of each level of ecological bag and is fixed on the ecological bag (11) by U-shaped nails (14);
step 9): preparing a seeding spray layer (16) according to a formula, and constructing the seeding spray layer on the flexible protective surface of the ecological bag by using a spray seeding machine;
step 10): covering with non-woven fabric, and watering for curing.
10. The construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure of any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch (1), laying water filtering pipes (2), excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch (17); piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): paving a waterproof layer (6) to enable the waterproof layer (6) to form a whole and extend out of the slope top intercepting ditch (17) and the slope bottom drainage ditch (10);
step 3): a horizontal inverted filter layer (7) is paved in each level of the packway platform and the water filtering ditch (1);
step 4): paving waterproof canvas (8) on each level of the horse way platform inverted filter layer (7), and building a foundation (9) to form a drainage ditch (10); constructing concrete pavement (18), and forming strength after curing;
step 5): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 6): stacking ecological bags (11) on the foundation (9) to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filtering layer (7) with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes (13), laying the drip irrigation pipes (13); until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope;
step 7): a plane net (15) is laid on the flexible protective surface of each level of ecological bag and is fixed on the ecological bag (11) by U-shaped nails (14);
step 8): preparing a seeding spray layer (16) according to a formula, and constructing the seeding spray layer on the flexible protective surface of the ecological bag by using a spray seeding machine;
step 9): covering with non-woven fabric, and watering for curing.
11. The construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 6 or 7, which is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch (1), laying water filtering pipes (2), excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch (17); piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): paving a waterproof layer (6) to enable the waterproof layer (6) to form a whole and extend out of the slope top intercepting ditch (17) and the slope bottom drainage ditch (10);
step 3): a horizontal inverted filter layer (7) is paved in each level of the packway platform and the water filtering ditch (1);
step 4): paving waterproof canvas (8) on each level of the horse way platform inverted filter layer (7), and building a foundation (9) to form a drainage ditch (10); constructing concrete pavement (18), and forming strength after curing;
step 5): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 6): stacking ecological bags (11) on the foundation (9) to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filtering layer (7) with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes (13), laying the drip irrigation pipes (13); until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope.
12. The construction method of the ecological bag modified expansive soil flexible ecological slope protection structure of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 or 8, which is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): shaping the original slope surface, and clearing the slope and backfilling and finishing by adopting a mechanical and manual method; carrying out grading slope release on a high and large side slope to form a multi-stage berm platform, forming a water filtering ditch (1), laying water filtering pipes (2), excavating and building a slope top intercepting ditch (17); piling the excavated expansive soil for later use;
step 2): a lacing bar hole (3) is formed by dry drilling with a drilling machine, and after the lacing bar (4) is inserted, the hole is filled with freshly mixed micro-expansion mortar (5);
step 3): paving a waterproof layer (6), so that the waterproof layer (6) is integrated, extends out of the slope top intercepting ditch (17) and the slope bottom drainage ditch (10), allows the outer part of the hole of the tie bar (4) to penetrate through the waterproof layer (6), and carries out waterproof treatment on the punctured part;
step 4): a horizontal inverted filter layer (7) is paved in each level of the packway platform and the water filtering ditch (1);
step 5): paving waterproof canvas (8) on the inverted filter layer (7) of each level of the pavement platform, building a foundation (9) to form a drainage ditch (10), constructing concrete pavement (18), and forming strength after maintenance;
step 6): mixing the expansive soil excavated in the step 1) with other components, spraying water while mixing to form modified expansive soil, and then compactly filling an ecological bag;
step 7): stacking ecological bags (11) on the foundation (9) to form a flexible protective surface, and filling a reverse filtering layer (7) with the height of 1m to be as high as the flexible protective surface when stacking; when the stacking height is close to the height of the lacing wires, the end parts of the hole outer parts of the lacing wires (4) are bound on the interlayer connecting buckles of the ecological bags; when the stacking height reaches the arrangement height of the drip irrigation pipes (13), laying the drip irrigation pipes (13); until the construction reaches the top of each grade of slope.
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