CN114310811A - Workpiece turnover mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a workpiece turning mechanism. An output shaft of a rack-and-pinion swing cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of a crank, and the other end of the crank is rotatably connected to one end of a connecting rod through a connecting rod shaft; a pair of gear pairs are rotatably connected to a slider, and the gear pairs include The driving gear, the driving gear, and the connecting rod are connected with the slider through the pin shaft; the center of the driving gear is fixedly connected with the connecting rod and swings together with the connecting rod, and the rotary shaft of the driven gear is fixedly connected with the turning table; through the rack and pinion swing cylinder The swing of the output shaft drives the crank to swing to realize the lifting movement of the slider; when the connecting rod drives the slider to move up and down, the driving gear also rotates with the connecting rod when it rises and falls, and the passive gear rotates with the driving gear when the slider rises and falls. , to drive the lifting and turning of the turning table at the same time; it solves the problem of the interference between the table and the ground during the turning process, and the problem that the lifting and turning of the table cannot be carried out at the same time.

Description

A workpiece turning mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic production, in particular to a workpiece turning mechanism.

Background technique

In the field of mechanical automation manufacturing, many workpieces are processed or processed on both sides during the machining process. When one side is completed, the workpiece is turned 180 degrees along the horizontal axis to process or process the other side, which requires the use of an automatic turning mechanism. Since the height of the work table is ergonomic to facilitate the processing or operation of the workpiece, it is required that the height of the work table remains unchanged after it is turned over. However, when the size of the worktable is large, if the fixed-point rotation is adopted, the turning mechanism will easily collide with the lower support or the ground during the turning process due to insufficient height space. At present, Zhou Bincheng et al. have disclosed a patent for a flexible manufacturing system loading and unloading turning mechanism, which solves the problem of the difficulty of vertical clamping of plate-shaped parts in the existing loading station for the turning cylinder that rotates on the fixed bracket. However, for the overturning mechanism of the fixed bracket, the height of the rotation center cannot be changed, and the worktable may interfere with the lower support or the ground. Mao Yaling et al. disclosed a patent for a material turning mechanism. The culture medium is clamped by the clamping mechanism, and then the clamping mechanism and the turnover mechanism are raised by the lifting mechanism, and then the turnover mechanism turns the clamping mechanism and the culture medium 180 degrees. Achieve medium inversion. However, the lifting and turning actions cannot be performed at the same time, and two power sources are required. Therefore, an automatic turning mechanism is needed, which can improve the rotation center of the worktable, solve the interference phenomenon between the worktable and the ground, and simultaneously complete the lifting and turning of the workpiece, shorten the process cycle, and improve the production efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention solves the problem that the worktable collides with the lower support or the ground during the overturning process due to insufficient height space of the existing automatic overturning mechanism.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a workpiece turning mechanism, comprising a turning table, two sets of rack-and-pinion swing cylinders for providing power, and a crank for power transmission, which are arranged on the side of the turning table. , slider;

The output shaft of the rack-and-pinion swing cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the crank, and the other end of the crank is connected to one end of the connecting rod through the connecting rod shaft. The pin shaft is connected with the slider in rotation; the center of the driving gear is fixedly connected with the connecting rod and swings together with the connecting rod, and the rotary shaft of the driven gear is fixedly connected with the turning table; the crank is driven by the swing of the output shaft of the rack-and-pinion swing cylinder Swing to realize the lifting movement of the slider; the side of the flip table is vertically slidingly connected with the linear guide rail through the guide rail slider. When the connecting rod drives the slider up and down, the driving gear also rotates with the connecting rod when it rises and falls, and the passive gear follows the sliding movement. When the block is lifted and lowered, it rotates with the driving gear, which drives the lifting and turning of the turning table at the same time, and relies on the mutual sliding between the linear guide rail and the guide rail slider to ensure the vertical lifting movement of the turning table;

Preferably, the turning principle of the turning table is as follows: the length of the crank is l ₁ , the length of the connecting rod is l ₂ , the number of teeth of the driving gear is Z, and the number of teeth of the driven gear is Z; The height of the rotation center from the center of the output shaft of the rack-and-pinion swing cylinder is h, the rising height of the overturning table is H, the swing angle of the connecting rod is θ, and the final rotation angle of the connecting rod is 90 degrees; in order to make the initial driving force small, When the rack-and-pinion swing cylinder is in the horizontal state, l ₁ and l ₂ are perpendicular to each other;

化简得：

Simplified to:

l ₁ =hsinθ l ₂ =hcosθH=h(sinθ+cosθ-1)

保证工作台180度翻转的同时，实现回转中心不同高度的升降。Then by selecting the center height h, the connecting rod swing angle θ, and the gear ratio between the driving gear and the driven gear

While ensuring that the worktable is turned 180 degrees, the lifting and lowering of the center of rotation can be realized at different heights.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

The structure is simple and the operation is convenient. Under the action of a single drive device, the worktable can simultaneously realize the turning of the table and the lifting of the center of rotation. When the rotation center of the worktable reaches the highest point, the worktable is turned 90 degrees. After that, the center of the worktable crosses the highest point and begins to descend, and when it reaches the original height, the worktable completes a 180-degree turning action. It solves the problem that the worktable interferes with the ground during the turning process, and the problem that the lifting and turning of the worktable cannot be carried out at the same time.

The device is driven by a cylinder to realize the lifting and turning of the worktable. Different structural dimensions of the crank slider can be designed to adjust the height of the center of rotation, and it can be used in conjunction with other fixtures to meet the requirements of various table turning heights. The device can also adopt any driving form such as air cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, motor, etc.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a turning mechanism of a workpiece turning mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure of a turning mechanism of a workpiece turning mechanism of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a guide rail slider of a turning mechanism of a workpiece turning mechanism of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the calculation of the structure of a turning mechanism of a workpiece turning mechanism of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a 90-degree inversion state of the inversion mechanism of a workpiece inversion mechanism of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of a 180-degree inversion state of the inversion mechanism of a workpiece inversion mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Turning table, 2. Rack and pinion swing cylinder, 3. Crank, 4. Connecting rod shaft, 5. Connecting rod, 6. Pin shaft, 7. Driving gear, 8. Passive gear, 9. Working Rotary shaft of the table, 10. Connecting plate, 11. Guide rail slider, 12. Linear guide rail, 13. Slider.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: a workpiece turning mechanism, comprising a turning table 1, two groups of rack-and-pinion swing cylinders 2 arranged on the side of the turning table 1 for providing power, Crank 3 and slider 13 for power transmission;

The output shaft of the rack-and-pinion swing cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the crank 3, and the other end of the crank 3 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod 5 through the connecting rod shaft 4; a pair of gear pairs are rotatably connected to the slider 13, and the gear pair includes a driving gear 7. The moving gear 8, the connecting rod 5 is rotatably connected with the slider 13 through the pin shaft 6; the center of the driving gear 7 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 5 and swings together with the connecting rod 5, and the rotary shaft of the driven gear 8 is fixed with the turning table 1 connection; the swing of the output shaft of the rack-and-pinion swing cylinder 2 drives the crank 3 to swing to realize the lifting motion of the slider 13; When the slider 13 is moved up and down, the driving gear 7 also rotates with the connecting rod 5 when the slider 13 rises and falls, and the passive gear 8 rotates with the driving gear 7 when the slider 13 rises and falls, which drives the lifting and turning of the table 1 at the same time. , relying on the mutual sliding between the linear guide rail 12 and the guide rail slider 11, to ensure the lifting movement of the turning table 1 in the vertical direction;

Further, the turning principle of the turning table 1 is as follows: the length of the crank 3 is l ₁ , the length of the connecting rod 5 is l ₂ , the number of teeth Z 1 of the driving gear 7, and the number of teeth Z ₂ of the driven gear 8 _; In the horizontal state, the height of the rotation center of the turning table 1 from the center of the output shaft of the rack-and-pinion swing cylinder 2 is h, the rising height of the turning table 1 is H, the swing angle of the connecting rod 5 is θ, and the final rotation angle of the connecting rod 5 is 90 degrees; in order to make the initial driving force smaller, when the rack-and-pinion swing cylinder 2 is in a horizontal state, l ₁ and l ₂ are perpendicular to each other;

化简得：

Simplified to:

l ₁ =hsinθ l ₁ =hcosθ

H=h(sinθ+cosθ-1)

保证工作台180度翻转的同时，实现回转中心不同高度的升降。Then by selecting the center height h, the swing angle θ of the connecting rod 5, and the gear ratio of the driving gear 7 and the driven gear 8

While ensuring that the worktable is turned 180 degrees, the lifting and lowering of the center of rotation can be realized at different heights.

Example: the connecting rod 5 is connected with the slider 13 through the pin 6, and the slider 13 is equipped with a pair of externally meshing gear pairs, namely the driving gear 7 and the driven gear 8. The driving gear 7 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 5 , the driven gear 8 is fixedly connected with the table rotating shaft 9 of the overturning table 1 , the working table rotating shaft 9 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 10 , and the connecting plate 10 is fixedly connected with the overturning table 1 . The slider 13 is fixedly connected with the guide rail slider 11 , so that the slider 13 slides up and down along the linear guide rail 12 . The overturning mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the overturning table 1 , and plays a supporting role for the overturning table 1 .

The rack and pinion swing cylinder 2 as the power source swings, which drives the crank 3 to swing, and the connecting rod 5 and the pin shaft 6 drive the slider 13 to slide up and down along the linear guide 12. Lifting, realizing the lifting and lowering movement of the overturning table 1. The swing of the connecting rod 5 drives the driving gear 7 to rotate, the driving gear 7 drives the driven gear 8 to rotate, and the worktable 1 is turned over by the worktable rotating shaft 9 and the connecting plate 10 . When the center of rotation of the worktable moves to the highest point, the worktable is turned 90 degrees, as shown in Figure 5. Afterwards, when the rotation center of the turning table 1 crosses the highest point and descends to the original height, the turning movement of the table 1 is completed, as shown in Figure 6. The turning mechanism keeps the worktable in a stable state through the self-locking of the power device.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. A workpiece turnover mechanism is characterized by comprising a turnover worktable (1), two groups of rack and pinion type swing cylinders (2) which are arranged on the side surface of the turnover worktable (1) and used for providing power, a crank (3) used for power transmission and a slide block (13);

an output shaft of the rack and pinion type swing cylinder (2) is fixedly connected with one end of a crank (3), and the other end of the crank (3) is rotatably connected with one end of a connecting rod (5) through a connecting rod shaft (4); a pair of gear pairs is rotationally connected on the sliding block (13), each gear pair comprises a driving gear (7) and a moving gear (8), and the connecting rod (5) is rotationally connected with the sliding block (13) through a pin shaft (6); the center of the driving gear (7) is fixedly connected with the connecting rod (5) and swings together with the connecting rod (5), and a rotating shaft of the driven gear (8) is fixedly connected with the overturning worktable (1); the crank (3) is driven to swing to realize the lifting motion of the sliding block (13) through the swing of the output shaft of the gear and rack type swing cylinder (2); upset workstation (1) side is through guide rail slider (11) and the vertical sliding connection of linear guide (12), when connecting rod (5) drive slider (13) oscilaltion, also rotate along with connecting rod (5) when driving gear (7) go up and down, driven gear (8) rotate along with driving gear (7) when going up and down along with slider (13), it goes up and down and the upset to drive when realizing upset workstation (1), rely on the slip of each other between linear guide (12) and guide rail slider (11), guarantee upset workstation (1) at the elevating movement of vertical direction.

2. A workpiece-inverting mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the principle of inversion of the inversion table (1) is: the length of the crank (3) is l₁The length of the connecting rod (5) is l₂Number of teeth Z of driving gear (7)₁Number of teeth Z of the driven gear (8)₂(ii) a When the turnover worktable (1) is in a horizontal state, the height from the rotation center of the turnover worktable (1) to the center of an output shaft of the gear-rack type swing cylinder (2) is H, the rising height of the turnover worktable (1) is H, the swing angle of the connecting rod (5) is theta, and the final rotation angle of the connecting rod (5) is 90 degrees; when the rack and pinion type swing cylinder (2) is in a horizontal state for the purpose of reducing the initial driving force,/₁And l₂Are mutually vertical; by calculating

Simplifying to obtain:

l₁＝hsinθ l₂＝hcosθ

H＝h(sinθ+cosθ-1)

by selecting the center height h, the swing angle theta of the connecting rod (5) and the gear ratio of the driving gear (7) and the driven gear (8)

The lifting of the rotary center at different heights is realized while the workbench (1) is turned over by 180 degrees.

3. The workpiece turnover mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driven gear 8 is fixedly connected with a table rotating shaft (9) of the turnover table (1), the table rotating shaft (9) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (10), and the connecting plate (10) is fixedly connected with the turnover table (1); the sliding block (13) is fixedly connected with the guide rail sliding block (11) so that the sliding block (13) can slide up and down along the linear guide rail (12).

Images