CN114309896A - Welding method of thin silver plate - Google Patents

Welding method of thin silver plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114309896A
CN114309896A CN202210097980.6A CN202210097980A CN114309896A CN 114309896 A CN114309896 A CN 114309896A CN 202210097980 A CN202210097980 A CN 202210097980A CN 114309896 A CN114309896 A CN 114309896A
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welding
thin silver
silver plate
preheated
thin
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CN114309896B (en
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高瑞博
樊科社
吴江涛
黄杏利
王丁
刘凯
曹文龙
高晓云
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Xi'an Tianli Metal Composite Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a welding method of a thin silver plate, which comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning burrs at the edge of a thin silver plate, and then cleaning the surface to obtain a processed thin silver plate; secondly, preheating parent metals within 100mm of two sides of a target welding line of the processed thin silver plate to obtain a preheated thin silver plate; and thirdly, welding the preheated thin silver plate by adopting a mechanical direct-current pulse tungsten argon arc welding machine to obtain the welded thin silver plate. According to the invention, after the thin silver plate is cleaned and cleaned, the thin silver plate is preheated and then subjected to mechanical direct-current pulse tungsten argon arc welding, and by controlling the preheating temperature, the interlayer temperature in the welding process, the welding current, the welding voltage and other process parameters, the welding forming is realized, the generation of welding defects such as cracks, air holes and the like is reduced, the welding seam performance and the welding stability are ensured, the welding quality is improved, the welding of the large-size thin silver plate is further realized, and meanwhile, the welding cost and the welding labor intensity are effectively reduced.

Description

Welding method of thin silver plate
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding processes, and particularly relates to a welding method of a thin silver plate.
Background
In the process of welding the silver plate, because the linear expansion coefficient is large and the thermal conductivity is high, high heat input is needed during welding, and large welding stress and deformation are easily caused. Meanwhile, oxygen has higher solubility in liquid silver, and after welding, because the cooling speed of silver is high, the solubility of oxygen in silver is rapidly reduced, so that the oxygen cannot overflow in time, and air holes are easily formed. For the welding of thin silver plates, the problems are more prominent due to the reduction of the plate thickness, so that the welding difficulty is increased, and the quality of a welding seam is greatly reduced.
The existing thin silver plate welding process comprises the following two steps: (1) gas welding: the gas welding silver plate is mainly provided with oxyacetylene flame, a silver welding wire of 3 mm-4 mm can be adopted, the operation is more convenient, and the welding speed is higher. But the strength of a welding joint is unstable, the quality of the welding seam is poor, the defects of air holes and the like are easy to generate, and the requirements of nondestructive testing of rays and the like cannot be met. The method can effectively weld smaller plate widths, is difficult to weld in large specification for a long time, and has high welding cost; (2) brazing: the silver-based brazing filler metal is adopted, the strength of a welded joint is unstable, more lap joints are welded, and the quality of a welding seam is poor. The method can effectively weld smaller plate widths, is difficult to be used for large plate widths and long-time operation and processing, and has lower strength of the soldered joint and high welding cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method for welding a thin silver plate, which overcomes the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art. According to the method, after the thin silver plate is cleaned and cleaned, the thin silver plate is preheated and then subjected to mechanical direct-current pulse tungsten argon arc welding, welding forming is realized by controlling the preheating temperature, the interlayer temperature in the welding process, welding current, voltage and other process parameters, the generation of welding defects such as cracks and air holes is reduced, the welding seam performance and the welding stability are ensured, the welding quality is improved, the welding of the large-size thin silver plate is realized, and meanwhile, the welding cost and the welding labor intensity are effectively reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method of soldering thin silver plates, comprising the steps of:
step one, cleaning burrs at the edge of a thin silver plate, and then cleaning the surface to obtain a processed thin silver plate; the thickness of the thin silver plate is less than 3 mm;
secondly, preheating base materials within 100mm of both sides of the target welding line of the processed thin silver plate obtained in the first step at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ to obtain a preheated thin silver plate;
and step three, welding the preheated thin silver plate obtained in the step two by adopting a mechanical direct-current pulse tungsten electrode argon arc welding machine to obtain a welded thin silver plate.
Generally, the present invention performs 100% RT ray and PT penetration tests on the obtained welded thin silver plates to confirm compliance with the standard requirements.
The welding method of the thin silver plate is characterized in that in the step one, the cleaning is to clean burrs and grooves at the edge part of the thin silver plate and burr impurities within 50mm of the periphery of the thin silver plate by using a white steel knife, and the cleaning is to clean oil stains and impurities within 50mm of the groove and the periphery of the groove by using ethanol.
The welding method of the thin silver plate is characterized in that helium with the volume purity of 99.999% is used as shielding gas in the welding in the third step, the flow of the helium is 10L/min-15L/min, argon with the volume purity of 99.999% is used as back gas, and the flow of the argon is 20L/min-30L/min. The high-purity inert gas helium is used as the protective gas, compared with other gases, the high-purity inert gas helium has the advantages of high arc energy density, ionization energy as high as 24.6eV, high energy, inactive property, difficulty in reaction with other metals and gases and contribution to improvement of welding quality.
The welding method of the thin silver plate is characterized in that the welding process parameters in the third step are as follows: the polarity is positive connection, the base value current is 80A-95A, the peak value current is 140A-200A, the duty ratio is 50%, and the pulse frequency is 7 Hz; the first qi period is 3s, and the second qi period is 15 s; the welding speed is 8 cm/min-12 cm/min, the welding voltage is 12V-16V, and long-arc continuous welding is adopted. The invention adopts smaller base value current to provide arc stabilizing operation of welding arc, realizes stable and high-quality welding, ensures the mechanical property of welding seam, reduces the welding heat affected zone, further reduces the welding heat affected zone by reducing the passing time of pulse current, reduces welding stress and welding deformation, and improves the welding quality.
The welding method of the thin silver plate is characterized in that in the welding process in the third step, the interlayer temperature of the preheated thin silver plate is controlled to be more than 200 ℃, when the interlayer temperature is lower than 200 ℃, the base metal within 100mm of the two sides of the target welding seam is continuously heated to be more than 200 ℃, and the heating speed is not more than 50 ℃/h.
The welding method of the thin silver plate is characterized in that the interlayer temperature is measured by using a contact type measuring instrument.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, after the thin silver plate is cleaned and cleaned, a specific range of a target welding line is preheated, then the welding is carried out by adopting the mechanical direct-current pulse tungsten argon arc welding, the characteristics of large fusion depth, fine crystal grains and high welding line strength are realized by controlling the preheating temperature, the interlayer temperature in the welding process, the welding current, the welding voltage and other process parameters, the welding forming is realized, the welding defects such as cracks, air holes and the like are reduced, the welding line performance and the welding stability are ensured, the welding quality is improved, the welding of the large-size thin silver plate is further realized, and meanwhile, the welding cost and the welding labor intensity are effectively reduced.
2. The invention provides a welding method which has good welding quality and good welding forming and can realize large-size thin silver plates, solves the problems of poor welding quality, poor welding forming and difficulty in realizing large-size welding in the existing welding of the thin silver plates, and provides guarantee for manufacturing composite plates such as silver-steel composite plates and the like.
3. Compared with gas welding, the method of the invention improves the welding speed, ensures good weld formation, reduces the generation of welding defects and ensures the welding stability, thereby realizing large-size thin silver plates and long-time welding operation.
4. Compared with brazing, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the welding efficiency is improved, the consumption of the welding flux is reduced, the welding cost is reduced, the good forming of the welding seam is ensured, the stable welding joint performance is ensured, the labor intensity of welding personnel is particularly reduced, and the large-size and long-time welding operation is further realized.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by examples below.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, cleaning burrs and impurities on the edge of a thin silver plate and in a groove and the periphery of the groove within 50mm by using a white steel knife, and then cleaning oil stains and impurities on the groove of the thin silver plate and in the periphery of the groove within 50mm by using ethanol to obtain a treated thin silver plate; the specification (thickness x width x length) of the thin silver plate is 1mm x 1000mm x 2000 mm;
secondly, preheating base materials within 100mm of both sides of the target welding line of the processed thin silver plate obtained in the first step at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ to obtain a preheated thin silver plate;
step three, welding the two preheated thin silver plates obtained in the step two by using a mechanical direct-current pulse argon tungsten-arc welding machine, wherein helium with the volume purity of 99.999% is used as protective gas for welding, the flow of the helium is 12L/min-15L/min, argon with the volume purity of 99.999% is used as back gas, the flow of the argon is 20L/min-30L/min, and the welding process parameters are as follows: the polarity is positive connection, the base current is 80A, the peak current is 140A, the duty ratio is 50%, and the pulse frequency is 7 Hz; the first qi period is 3s, and the second qi period is 15 s; the welding speed is 8cm/min, the welding voltage is 12V, long-arc continuous welding is adopted, in the welding process, a contact type measuring instrument is adopted to measure and control the interlayer temperature of the preheated thin silver plate to be more than 200 ℃, when the interlayer temperature is lower than 200 ℃, the base metal within 100mm of the two sides of the target welding line is continuously heated to be more than 200 ℃, the heating speed is not more than 50 ℃/h, and the welded thin silver plate is obtained.
The weld joint of the welded thin silver plate obtained in the embodiment is subjected to RT and PT nondestructive testing, and the detection result meets the requirements of standard NB/T47013-2015 bearing equipment nondestructive testing.
Through detection, the tensile strength Rm of the welded joint of the welded thin silver plate obtained in the embodiment is 175MPa, and the yield strength Rp0.2 is 115 MPa.
Example 2
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, cleaning burrs and impurities on the edge of a thin silver plate and in a groove and the periphery of the groove within 50mm by using a white steel knife, and then cleaning oil stains and impurities on the groove of the thin silver plate and in the periphery of the groove within 50mm by using ethanol to obtain a treated thin silver plate; the specification (thickness x width x length) of the thin silver plate is 1.5mm x 1000mm x 1500 mm;
secondly, preheating base materials within 100mm of both sides of the target welding line of the processed thin silver plate obtained in the first step at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ to obtain a preheated thin silver plate;
step three, welding the two preheated thin silver plates obtained in the step two by using a mechanical direct-current pulse argon tungsten-arc welding machine, wherein helium with the volume purity of 99.999% is used as protective gas for welding, the flow of the helium is 12L/min-15L/min, argon with the volume purity of 99.999% is used as back gas, the flow of the argon is 20L/min-30L/min, and the welding process parameters are as follows: the polarity is positive connection, the base current is 88A, the peak current is 155A, the duty ratio is 50%, and the pulse frequency is 8 Hz; the first qi period is 3s, and the second qi period is 15 s; the welding speed is 10cm/min, the welding voltage is 13.2V, long arc continuous welding is adopted, in the welding process, a contact type measuring instrument is adopted to measure and control the interlayer temperature of the preheated thin silver plate to be more than 200 ℃, when the interlayer temperature is lower than 200 ℃, the base metal in 100mm of the two sides of the target welding line is continuously heated to be more than 200 ℃, the heating speed is not more than 50 ℃/h, and the welded thin silver plate is obtained.
The weld joint of the welded thin silver plate obtained in the embodiment is subjected to RT and PT nondestructive testing, and the detection result meets the requirements of standard NB/T47013-2015 bearing equipment nondestructive testing.
Through detection, the tensile strength Rm of the welded joint of the welded thin silver plate obtained in the embodiment is 187MPa, and the yield strength Rp0.2 is 120 MPa.
Example 3
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, cleaning burrs and impurities on the edge of a thin silver plate and in a groove and the periphery of the groove within 50mm by using a white steel knife, and then cleaning oil stains and impurities on the groove of the thin silver plate and in the periphery of the groove within 50mm by using ethanol to obtain a treated thin silver plate; the specification (thickness x width x length) of the thin silver plate is 2mm x 1000mm x 1200 mm;
secondly, preheating base materials within 100mm of both sides of the target welding line of the processed thin silver plate obtained in the first step at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ to obtain a preheated thin silver plate;
step three, welding the two preheated thin silver plates obtained in the step two by using a mechanical direct-current pulse argon tungsten-arc welding machine, wherein helium with the volume purity of 99.999% is used as protective gas for welding, the flow of the helium is 12L/min-15L/min, argon with the volume purity of 99.999% is used as back gas, the flow of the argon is 20L/min-30L/min, and the welding process parameters are as follows: the polarity is positive connection, the base current is 90A, the peak current is 160A, the duty ratio is 50%, and the pulse frequency is 7 Hz; the first qi period is 3s, and the second qi period is 15 s; the welding speed is 10cm/min, the welding voltage is 16V, long arc continuous welding is adopted, in the welding process, a contact type measuring instrument is adopted to measure and control the interlayer temperature of the preheated thin silver plate to be more than 200 ℃, when the interlayer temperature is lower than 200 ℃, the base metal within 100mm of the two sides of the target welding line is continuously heated to be more than 200 ℃, the heating speed is not more than 50 ℃/h, and the welded thin silver plate is obtained.
The weld joint of the welded thin silver plate obtained in the embodiment is subjected to RT and PT nondestructive testing, and the detection result meets the requirements of standard NB/T47013-2015 bearing equipment nondestructive testing.
Through detection, the tensile strength Rm of the welded joint of the welded thin silver plate obtained in the embodiment is 200MPa, and the yield strength Rp0.2 is 130 MPa.
Example 4
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, cleaning burrs and impurities on the edge of a thin silver plate and in a groove and the periphery of the groove within 50mm by using a white steel knife, and then cleaning oil stains and impurities on the groove of the thin silver plate and in the periphery of the groove within 50mm by using ethanol to obtain a treated thin silver plate; the specification (thickness x width x length) of the thin silver plate is 3mm x 800mm x 1000 mm;
secondly, preheating base materials within 100mm of both sides of the target welding line of the processed thin silver plate obtained in the first step at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ to obtain a preheated thin silver plate;
step three, welding the two preheated thin silver plates obtained in the step two by using a mechanical direct-current pulse argon tungsten-arc welding machine, wherein helium with the volume purity of 99.999% is used as protective gas for welding, the flow of the helium is 12L/min-15L/min, argon with the volume purity of 99.999% is used as back gas, the flow of the argon is 20L/min-30L/min, and the welding process parameters are as follows: the polarity is positive connection, the base current is 95A, the peak current is 200A, the duty ratio is 50%, and the pulse frequency is 7 Hz; the first qi period is 3s, and the second qi period is 15 s; the welding speed is 12cm/min, the welding voltage is 16V, long arc continuous welding is adopted, in the welding process, a contact type measuring instrument is adopted to measure and control the interlayer temperature of the preheated thin silver plate to be more than 200 ℃, when the interlayer temperature is lower than 200 ℃, the base metal within 100mm of the two sides of the target welding line is continuously heated to be more than 200 ℃, the heating speed is not more than 50 ℃/h, and the welded thin silver plate is obtained.
The weld joint of the welded thin silver plate obtained in the embodiment is subjected to RT and PT nondestructive testing, and the detection result meets the requirements of standard NB/T47013-2015 bearing equipment nondestructive testing.
Through detection, the tensile strength Rm of the welded joint of the welded thin silver plate obtained in the embodiment is 210MPa, and the yield strength Rp0.2 is 135 MPa.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method of soldering thin silver plates, comprising the steps of:
step one, cleaning burrs at the edge of a thin silver plate, and then cleaning the surface to obtain a processed thin silver plate; the thickness of the thin silver plate is less than 3 mm;
secondly, preheating base materials within 100mm of both sides of the target welding line of the processed thin silver plate obtained in the first step at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ to obtain a preheated thin silver plate;
and step three, welding the preheated thin silver plate obtained in the step two by adopting a mechanical direct-current pulse tungsten electrode argon arc welding machine to obtain a welded thin silver plate.
2. The method for welding the thin silver plates according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the edge burrs, grooves and burr impurities within 50mm of the periphery of the thin silver plates are cleaned by a white steel knife, and the oil stains and impurities within 50mm of the grooves and the periphery of the grooves are cleaned by ethanol.
3. The method for welding the thin silver plates according to claim 1, wherein helium with a volume purity of 99.999% is used as a shielding gas, helium flow is 10L/min to 15L/min, argon with a volume purity of 99.999% is used as a back gas, and argon flow is 20L/min to 30L/min in the step three.
4. The method for welding the thin silver plate according to claim 1, wherein the welding in the third step has the following process parameters: the polarity is positive connection, the base value current is 80A-95A, the peak value current is 140A-200A, the duty ratio is 50%, and the pulse frequency is 7 Hz; the first qi period is 3s, and the second qi period is 15 s; the welding speed is 8 cm/min-12 cm/min, the welding voltage is 12V-16V, and long-arc continuous welding is adopted.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step three, the interlayer temperature of the preheated thin silver plate is controlled to be 200 ℃ or higher, and when the interlayer temperature is lower than 200 ℃, the base material within 100mm of the two sides of the target weld seam is continuously heated to 200 ℃ or higher at a heating rate of 50 ℃/h or less.
6. The method for soldering a thin silver plate according to claim 5, wherein the measurement of the interlayer temperature is performed by a contact type measuring instrument.
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CN113664341A (en) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-19 西安天力金属复合材料股份有限公司 Welding method of large-size HSn62-1 tin brass

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