CN101590572A - The vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding method - Google Patents
The vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to field of welding processing, disclose a kind of vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding method.Specifically: workpiece is vertically placed along bead direction, be horizontally disposed with plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun and welding welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding welding gun in workpiece tow sides both sides respectively.The beneficial effect that the present invention brings is: electric current is little, the deposition rate height, and arc burning is stable, can thoroughly eliminate incomplete penetration defect, reduces welding deformation to greatest extent, helps to obtain quality weld.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of welding processing, relate in particular to a kind of plasma symmetry welding method.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the sustained and rapid development of industry such as Aero-Space, high-voltage switch gear, high-speed railway, used non-ferrous metals such as aluminium and aluminium alloy in a large number, aluminium alloy is little because of its proportion, the intensity advantages of higher has obtained using widely in these industries.But because the sensitiveness of aluminium alloy welding, often exist that inspection process is many, the porosity is high, welding deformation is big and strength of joint coefficient shortcomings such as low (only reach mother metal 0.6～0.8).
Simultaneously, be accompanied by the varied of product, structure, material, service condition, more and more higher to the requirement of welding quality, the welding job amount rises gradually.Improve welding production efficiency and welding quality, the efficient welding method that reduces the weld defect existence becomes an urgent demand of actual production.At present, the combination of a large amount of efficient welding methods and different welding procedures all has been applied to various different occasions of producing, improves welding production efficiency, reduces welding cost.Welding production efficiency on certain angle, mainly is to be weighed by the fusing amount-deposition rate of filling metal in the unit interval.But improve the increase that deposition rate means the heat input, for adopting single arc welding, in order to prevent that owing to the heat input increases the welding deformation that causes, the general employing improved speed of welding.But because of the raising of speed of welding easily produces lack of penetration, defectives such as welding bead is discontinuous, undercut.
At present, at 10mm and following thick aluminium alloy thereof, what generally adopt is welding (MIG)+non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding (TIG) welding method.A kind of method is: promptly earlier with the welding of pulse MIC method, use AC-TIG WELDING method capping again; Another kind method is: adopt heavy current pulse MIG to outside weld welding earlier one, then outside weld is polished, inseam is used the remelting of AC-TIG WELDING method again.
In addition, in high-quality thick big aluminium alloy arc-welding application facet, than traditional welding technology be: adopt AC-TIG WELDING method technology bevel to carry out the multiple tracks welding, because the sensitiveness of aluminium alloy welding, often exist that inspection process is many, the porosity is high, welding deformation is big and strength of joint coefficient shortcomings such as low (only reach mother metal 0.6～0.8).
Adopt " MIG+TIG automatically " method, have following point:
1) needs strict preweld cleaning, and need in time finish welding.Operation is many, Quality Control Links is many, for the necessary first bevel of thicker sheet material, processing time consuming effort;
2) the weld seam burning is serious, and strength of joint is obviously low, and the easy embrittlement of welded seam area.In case small defective is arranged, long-term work just has crackle to produce;
3) workpiece deformation is serious.Weld seam and heat affected area obviously subside, and postwelding needs school shape, increase treatment process;
4) weld width severe overweight;
5) aluminium alloy be to weld, bigger electric current, the more welding of multiple tracks just needed above 10mm thickness.Just there are bigger risk in the quality of weld seam and distortion, and the production cycle has also extended relatively.
6) overall efficiency is low, can not satisfy welding production demand in enormous quantities.
At present, the U.S. and World Airways space industry have progressively adopted Variable Polarity plasma welding technology, and thick big alloy product is welded.Without bevel once can through welding 16mm aluminium alloy (to some aluminium alloy, if adopt He or He+Ar gas, once can through welding 25mm).Adopt plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters technology, because concentration of energy, penetration power is strong, the sweating heat input quantity is low, so the narrower in width of heat affected area and can not produce burnt structure.It is carried out x-ray detection, and all weld seams all reach the JB4730-94I grade standard.
Because Keyhole Plasma Welding in Vertical Position can realize that the single face of cut deal once welds two-sided while free forming, and pore and slag inclusion are few, and welding deformation is little, the productivity ratio height, cost is low, thereby becomes the main welding method of great aluminium alloy welding product in the external aerospace industry.
Aluminium alloy perforate plasma arc is welded in and has the energy density height, advantage such as heated perimeter is little and penetration power is big the time, also exists appearance of weld stability (or repeatability) poor, and welding conditions are narrower, causes section start to collapse to leak or form cutting easily.This be because:
1) to guarantee the good fluidity of aluminium alloy molten pool metal, just must adopt during weldment is for negative reversed polarity in the communication method of removal oxide-film, but can make the tungsten electrode scaling loss serious, cause the arc burning instability.
2) must take the stabilising arc measure to AC plasma arc, this not only increases the complexity of equipment, and easily produces two arcs.
3) owing to the oxide-film almost not cleaning effect of plasma arc to the weldment back side, therefore, the mobile meeting of the perforation back side, molten bath liquid metal is subjected to the influence of weldment back side oxide-film, and perforate Variable Polarity plasma welding sealing run is shaped positive poor.
4) because specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and the heat of fusion of aluminium alloy are big, feasible low-frequency pulse perforate plasma arc welding (PAW) for stable " arteries and veins one hole " of being adopted when welding steel of raising appearance of weld can not be advantageously applied to the aluminium alloy welding.
Summary of the invention
Be to solve the problem that prior art exists, the invention provides that a kind of welding current is little, deposition rate is high, arc burning is stable, can thoroughly eliminate incomplete penetration defect, reduce the vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding method of welding deformation to greatest extent.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding method, specifically: workpiece is vertically placed along bead direction, be horizontally disposed with welding gun respectively in workpiece tow sides both sides, the both sides welding gun moves along bead direction with identical speed, the workpiece front is plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters (VPPAW) welding gun, the workpiece reverse side is welding (TIG) welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding (MIG) welding gun, welding welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding welding gun under the plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun, between the two up and down vertical range keep the length in a molten bath; Described welding welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding welding gun and plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun adopt single power supply; described plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun is connected with positive source, and described welding welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding welding gun are connected with power cathode.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun configuration pulsed wire feeding device.
Vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding method provided by the invention: electric current is little, the deposition rate height, arc burning is stable, can thoroughly eliminate incomplete penetration defect, reduce welding deformation to greatest extent, thereby the pore tendency is all littler than single TIG method, MIG method and VPPAW method, because the oxide-film of aluminum alloy surface has been removed in the atomizing of the negative electrode of plasma, and, thereby help to obtain quality weld with the front end and the air insulated in molten drop and molten bath.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, does not constitute to improper qualification of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
The vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for present embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, be used for explaining the present invention in this illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation, but not as a limitation of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding method that present embodiment provides, specifically:
Workpiece 1 is vertically placed along bead direction, be horizontally disposed with welding gun respectively in workpiece tow sides both sides, the both sides welding gun moves along bead direction with identical speed, workpiece positive 4 is plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters (VPPAW) welding gun 2, workpiece reverse side 5 is welding (TIG) welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding (MIG) welding gun 3, welding welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding welding gun 3 are under plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun 2, vertical range keeps the length in a molten bath 6 about between the two, and filler wire 7 is arranged on the plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun 2; Described welding welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding welding gun 3 adopt single power supply with plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun 2; described plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun 2 is connected with positive source, and described welding welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding welding gun 3 are connected with power cathode.
From the welding procedure angle, the stability of aluminium alloy perforate plasma arc welding (PAW) appearance of weld depends primarily on four aspects: 1. by plasma arc performance that the source of welding current and welding gun and aluminum alloy materials determined; 2. the bore a hole flowability of molten pool metal; 3. the extraction of reflection perforation molten bath behavioural characteristic signal; 4. the control of appearance of weld stability.
In the present embodiment, in when welding, utilize the TIG of arcing power and below or inert blowing gas power that the MIG welding gun blows out to form a holder power that makes progress, and the molten bath is played supporting role with the surface tension in molten bath, thereby prevented to drop down under the molten pool metal, thereby obtained perfect weld seam; Interface gaps is big, and weldability is good, has reduced slag inclusion and pore tendency, has improved production efficiency simultaneously, has saved welding material; Adopting single supply is VPPAW arc and TIG arc or the power supply of MIG arc simultaneously, two electric arc smooth combustions simultaneously, distribute when proper at VPPAW and TIG or MIG arc current, electric arc is highly stable, VPPAW electric arc is as pilot arc, pre-heat effect is arranged, increased the sweating heat input, fusion penetration also increases accordingly, TIG or MIG electric arc form required fusion penetration, VPPAW electric arc is used for the additional alloying of auxiliary overlay cladding, and it can make deposited metal obtain thin crystalline structure, and the intermetallic compound hardening constituent of reinforcement is evenly distributed.
At welding method provided by the invention, we have carried out contrast test, show by experiment, under identical hot initial conditions, for the vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding method, after aperture forms, high-temperature area on the weldment concentrates near arc center's line, this be since welding current directly along flowing through weldment on the thickness direction, welding arc is imported into aperture, and CURRENT DISTRIBUTION is more concentrated, and electric arc degree is by compression increased, thereby compensated the energy consumption when plasma jet penetrates workpiece, improved the penetration capacity of plasma arc greatly.When conventional VPPAW welds, do not have penetration with this understanding, fusion penetration is more shallow, and there were significant differences for the situation of Temperature Distribution and the welding of vertical double-sided Variable Polarity plasma.
The welding method that present embodiment provides:
1),, can mill limit and pickling process if the shear linearity meets the demands without bevel:
Because the powerful penetration capacity that plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters connects, 16mm does not need bevel with interior workpiece, in the present test, the aluminium alloy of 12mm can once weld and finish, do not need the capping operation, if user's shear effect can, gap clearance is less than mother metal thickness 10%, then need not mill the limit; Welding edge after the shearing can directly weld after clearing up through wire brush polishing, acetone, no longer needs pickling process, relative TIG and MIG welding procedure, and the Variable Polarity plasma is not very responsive to the aluminum alloy surface oxide-film;
2) save welding wire and power cost:
The welding current that once penetrates 12mm only needs 350 amperes, and is littler than the electric current of TIG or MIG welding needs, and MIG or TIG will finish a bevelled weld seam of 12mm, need a large amount of welding wire of waste;
3) save artificial and logistics cost;
4) weld cleaning is simple, obtains the first-order weld quality easily:
Groove after the shearing is through simple wire brush polishing and the cleaning of weld seam acetone, just can implement welding, the 8mm and the thick aluminium alloy cylindrical body of 12mm that are welded at present, it all is first-order weld, the isoionic keyhole effect of Variable Polarity helps separating out of impurity and pore, welding quality is stable easily, and manual TIG welding procedure originally can only guarantee 70% second-order weld first-time qualification rate;
5) speed height, double-faced forming, workpiece deformation is obviously little:
The Variable Polarity plasma adopts the plasma arc of high temperature, high cumulative to implement welding, and the TIG by reverse side crosses the MIG welding, with respect to common plasma welding technology, the speed of welding height, it is attractive in appearance to guarantee that back of work is shaped, and guarantees 100% through welding, for traditional TIG and MIG welding procedure, the energy density height of this welding procedure, heat affected area are little, thereby the unnecessary hot input quantity of welding is few, thereby guarantee the distortion minimum of workpiece;
6) reduction is enhanced productivity to operator's operative skill requirement;
7) minimizing strengthens strength of joint to the multi-pass welding of thick big aluminium alloy:
Under the situation of multi-pass welding, aluminium alloy weld seam and heat affected area are through repeatedly tempering, and strength of joint obviously reduces, and adopt VPPAW to add through welding of mode of back side TIG or MIG, help to reduce the scope of tempering tendency and heat affected area, obviously improve the intensity of aluminium alloy welding joint.
In order to make welding process automation more, make that the welding process controllability is stronger, can welding wire accurately be put into the operating position by wire feeder at plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun configuration pulsed wire feeding device in the present embodiment.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding method, it is characterized in that: workpiece is vertically placed along bead direction, be horizontally disposed with welding gun respectively in workpiece tow sides both sides, the both sides welding gun moves along bead direction with identical speed, the workpiece front is the plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun, the workpiece reverse side is welding welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding welding gun, welding welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding welding gun under the plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun, between the two up and down vertical range keep the length in a molten bath; Described welding welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding welding gun and plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun adopt single power supply; described plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun is connected with positive source, and described welding welding gun or non-melt pole inert gas-shielded arc welding welding gun are connected with power cathode.
2, vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described plasma arc welding with adjustable polarity parameters welding gun configuration pulsed wire feeding device.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011103012A1 (en) * | 2010-02-18 | 2011-08-25 | The Esab Group, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for hybrid welding with multiple heat sources |
| CN102615404A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-01 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | Method for synchronously welding two surfaces of stainless steel thick plate |
| CN103028826A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-10 | 株式会社大亨 | Plasma small-hole welding method and plasma small-hole welding system |
| CN104607779A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-05-13 | 内蒙古工业大学 | 7-series high-strength aluminum alloy variable polarity plasma arc welding method |
| US9095929B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2015-08-04 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Dual fillet welding methods and systems |
| CN106001862A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏金鑫电器有限公司 | Flat-overhead position hybrid welding technique and device for aluminum alloy spiral pipe |
| CN108465961A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-08-31 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | A kind of disymmetry heat power supply welding method and system based on soft arc plasma |
| CN111203660A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-29 | 南京南方联成汽车零部件有限公司 | Arc welding process for battery box of new energy automobile |
| CN114951991A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Ultrahigh-power scanning laser vertical welding method for aluminum alloy thick plate |
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2009
- 2009-05-26 CN CN 200910039788 patent/CN101590572A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9095929B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2015-08-04 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Dual fillet welding methods and systems |
| EP2536527B1 (en) | 2010-02-18 | 2016-08-03 | The Esab Group, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for hybrid welding with multiple heat sources |
| WO2011103012A1 (en) * | 2010-02-18 | 2011-08-25 | The Esab Group, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for hybrid welding with multiple heat sources |
| US8729424B2 (en) | 2010-02-18 | 2014-05-20 | The Esab Group, Inc. | Hybrid welding with multiple heat sources |
| CN103028826A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-10 | 株式会社大亨 | Plasma small-hole welding method and plasma small-hole welding system |
| CN103028826B (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2016-05-04 | 株式会社大亨 | Keyhole plasma arc welding method and keyhole plasma arc welding system |
| CN102615404B (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2014-01-22 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | Method for synchronously welding two surfaces of stainless steel thick plate |
| CN102615404A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-01 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | Method for synchronously welding two surfaces of stainless steel thick plate |
| CN104607779A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-05-13 | 内蒙古工业大学 | 7-series high-strength aluminum alloy variable polarity plasma arc welding method |
| CN106001862A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏金鑫电器有限公司 | Flat-overhead position hybrid welding technique and device for aluminum alloy spiral pipe |
| CN108465961A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-08-31 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | A kind of disymmetry heat power supply welding method and system based on soft arc plasma |
| CN111203660A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-29 | 南京南方联成汽车零部件有限公司 | Arc welding process for battery box of new energy automobile |
| CN114951991A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Ultrahigh-power scanning laser vertical welding method for aluminum alloy thick plate |
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Open date: 20091202 |