CN114308400B - Cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column - Google Patents
Cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column Download PDFInfo
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- CN114308400B CN114308400B CN202111514457.0A CN202111514457A CN114308400B CN 114308400 B CN114308400 B CN 114308400B CN 202111514457 A CN202111514457 A CN 202111514457A CN 114308400 B CN114308400 B CN 114308400B
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- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column which consists of a slurry pump, a total slurry distributor, a cyclone jet generator, front and back control valves of the generator, a static mixing pipe, a column slurry turbulence distributor, a flow stabilizing plate, a tailing tank gate, a liquid level control valve, a foam layer, a concentrate tank and the like. (1) The total ore pulp distributor is a large-scale flotation column core; (2) tandem control valves are arranged in front and behind the cyclone injection generator of the flotation column, so that the generator needs to be maintained or replaced without stopping; the flotation column can instantaneously generate a large amount of micro-nano bubbles and can rapidly capture micro-fine particles below-19 microns, so that a hydrophobic ore cluster is formed. The mineral separation recovery rate of the novel flotation column is improved by one time compared with that of the traditional flotation machine on average, and the recovery rate of the novel flotation column on the fine fraction is improved by more than 30% compared with that of the conventional flotation column; compared with the common flotation equipment, the agent is saved by 1/3-1/2, the operation cost is low, and the quality and the efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nonferrous metal, ferrous metal, rare metal, noble metal and nonmetallic mineral flotation or industries such as petroleum, sewage and papermaking, and relates to a pulp flotation device, in particular to a cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column.
Technical Field
"flotation" is an essential key technology for the mining and metallurgy industry. "flotation" means a technological process for separating useful minerals from ores based on differences in the physicochemical properties of the surface of the mineral particles, and is the most widely used beneficiation process. Along with the increasing development and utilization degree of mineral resources by human beings, the content of useful components in ores to be subjected to flotation treatment is lower and lower, the dip dyeing granularity is finer and finer, the components are more complex and difficult to select, the flotation technology is promoted to be continuously developed due to the continuous expansion of the flotation field, and the demand for large-scale flotation columns is also increased; in some cases, achieving monomer dissociation means that the material needs to be ground down to a particle size of less than 20 microns. However, as the particle size of the ore decreases, the flotation behavior of the mineral particles changes fundamentally, and conventional flotation processes can only treat those minerals that are floatable and easy to float, and have no special requirements for flotation agents, flotation techniques, flotation equipment, and the like, but it is difficult to fully recover these useful fine-size minerals.
Therefore, the separation of the minerals with coarse particles more than or equal to 90 mu m and fine particles less than or equal to 20 mu m is always a great difficulty facing the world mineral separation industry, and the fine minerals are mainly characterized by small mass, large specific surface area and high surface energy. The mass is small, so that the collision probability of the hydrophobic ore particles and the bubbles is small, the energy barrier between the ore particles and the bubbles is difficult to overcome, the hydrophobic ore particles are adhered to the surfaces of the bubbles, and the effective mineralization of the ore particles and the bubbles is realized. The specific surface area is large, the surface energy is high, so that non-selective agglomeration is easy to occur between gangue mineral particles and useful mineral particles, the phenomenon of foam inclusion is caused, and the grade of concentrate is reduced. In order to solve the problem that the micro-fine particle minerals are difficult to float due to the quality effect and the surface effect, researchers at home and abroad have conducted a great deal of research on the technology and equipment of the floatation column, and under the background, a plurality of new technologies and new equipment of the floatation column appear, thereby showing good prospects for column type separation of coarse particle minerals and fine particle minerals.
The development history of the flotation column, the design idea of the flotation column starts in 1915. In 1961, canadian engineers BouTTin developed a flotation column with a foam flushing water device of modern significance, and then quickly raised the hot flashes of research and development applications of the flotation column in China. After the 80 s of the 20 th century, flotation columns have greatly progressed in bubble generators, aeration performance and operation stability under the guidance of some new design ideas, and many efficient flotation columns such as FloTaire flotation columns, MTU type filling medium flotation columns, cyclone aeration flotation columns and the like have been gushed out. Among the many types of flotation columns, the most representative is the jameson flotation column designed by the jameson professor in 1987, which has a brand new breakthrough in structure, feeding mode and separation mechanism, and solves a series of problems caused by column height. The research of fine-fraction mineral flotation is developed by taking a flotation column as a center, and the research on the aspects of bubble gas production mode, a flotation column structure, a flotation system provided with various detection and control devices and the like becomes the research and development direction of flotation equipment in the future.
Flotation columns are under study and progress, several types of flotation columns:
Jameson (Jameson) flotation columns, jameson flotation columns, in which pulp passes through a nozzle to form a jet into a conduit, the vacuum created by the jet draws air in and bubbles the pulp Chi Jianqie, the downcomer corresponds to a "reactor" and concentrate froth product is discharged from the flotation cell. The column has the advantages that: (1) realizing a split flotation strategy of mineralization and separation; (2) short column, industrial flotation column height of only 2.0 meters; (3) The retention time of ore particles is short, the air content of ore pulp is high, and the flotation efficiency is high; (4) The pulp is sucked through the jet flow to form negative pressure, and the power equipment is a feed pump. The column has the following defects: (1) The retention time of ore pulp is short, and the multi-section scavenging (2) is often required, the ore feeding fluctuation is large, and the separation is unstable; (3) And a 'gas bomb' is formed in the column body, so that the sorting effect is influenced.
Filling medium flotation column the filling flotation column developed by michigan industry university in the united states is filled with filling medium in a conventional flotation column with layers of filling deck arranged in 90. The small and tortuous pore canal makes ore grains and bubbles closely contacted, and the sorting effect is enhanced. The pan feeding is given from the main part middle part, and the bottom lets in compressed air, and concentrate overflows from the top and discharges, and tailing is discharged from the bottom, and the top sets up water jet equipment. Besides the advantages of the traditional flotation column, the flotation column also solves the problems that bubbles of the traditional flotation column are easy to merge and are easy to generate strong turbulence to form flow patterns such as turn-ups, and the like, and a bubble generator which is easy to scale and block is eliminated. The column is filled with a plurality of layers of wave-shaped media to form a plurality of regular tortuous channels, and compressed air entering from the lower part forms uniform bubbles and carries hydrophobic mineral particles to float upwards when passing through the channels. The filling type flotation column effectively implements the basic column flotation process of bubbling, mineralizing and separating, but the defects of easy blockage of filling materials and high manufacturing cost not only affect the implementation effect of filling, but also affect the industrial application of the filling type flotation column.
Jet flotation column, jet flotation column is a novel flotation device which is researched and developed by Jiang Zhiwei doctor according to the principle of free jet flotation. Lu Shijie A novel downward downstream jet type flotation column-KYZ type flotation column is provided according to jet flow theory. Nfmeseheariakov et al, russian moscow university, developed a flotation column with jet aerator, which has a good flotation effect on larger-sized minerals, has been widely used for flotation of 3-0.8 mm size fraction potassium salt and 2-0.5 mm size fraction diamond, and achieved a good technical index that the unit production efficiency is several times higher than any other type of flotation machine. The novel K phi M series flotation column developed by the Ula mineral separation research institute consists of a jet aerator, a microbubble generator, a central flotation tube, a discharging device and a foam collecting tank. The flotation column eliminates the phenomenon of convective movement of ore particles and bubbles in the conventional flotation column, and can realize roughing, selecting and scavenging operations in one flotation device.
The cyclone-static micro-bubble flotation column comprises a column separation section, a cyclone separation section and a pipe flotation device. The whole equipment is a column, the column separation section is positioned at the upper part of the whole column, a spray water pipe and a foam concentrate collecting tank are arranged at the top of the column, and finally concentrate is discharged from the column separation section; the ore feeding point is positioned at the middle and upper parts of the column separation section, the cyclone separation section adopts a separation cyclone structure and is in through connection with the column separation section in an upper and lower structure, and finally tailings are discharged from a bottom flow port of the cyclone separation section. The pipe flotation device is arranged outside the equipment cylinder body, and the outflow pipe of the pipe flotation device is connected with the cyclone separation section cylinder body along the tangential direction and is equivalent to a tangential feeding pipe of the separation cyclone. The tube flotation device comprises a bubble generator and a flotation tube section. The bubble generator introduces gas by means of jet flow and pulverizes the gas into bubbles, the pressurized circulating ore pulp enters the bubble generator to form a three-phase system containing a large amount of bubbles and realize turbulent mineralization, and then enters the cyclone separation section at a high speed along the tangential direction. Thus, the tube flotation device completes flotation aeration and turbulent mineralization, and forms a rotational flow force field at the bottom of the flotation column in a tangential mode, thereby realizing a continuous separation process.
Other flotation columns
1. A mechanically agitated flotation column. The capability of a common flotation column for floating coarse-grained minerals is low, and a mechanical stirring mechanism, such as a WemCo/Leeds flotation column, is added into the flotation column to improve the coarse-grained flotation effect. The flotation column is provided with a mechanical air charging stirring device, and coarse grains are stirred uniformly and are not easy to precipitate; several layers of barrier medium rollers are arranged in the column, and the grade of concentrate can be controlled by automatically adjusting the gap between the rollers; and adding flushing water at the top of the column to remove gangue inclusion in the foam.
2. And (3) a steady flow plate flotation column. Aiming at the problems of axial mixing and foam combination, the university of Mitsui technology develops a flotation column with a horizontal flow stabilizing plate, and the horizontal flow stabilizing plate consists of a plurality of simple plates with holes. Furthermore, meloy et al, university of West Virginia, U.S. propose a two-dimensional flotation column, the interior of which is divided into a plurality of cells by packing, thus allowing the production of a set of products of continuously varying grade, similar to a shaker.
Lm flotation cell. The equipment comprises a flotation tank, a column, a pre-pump buffer tank and a pump. The ore pulp enters a buffer tank in front of the pump, then the pump is used for beating a column body vertically downwards, compressed air is introduced, the mixing of the ore pulp and bubbles is completed in the column body, and feeding is provided for the flotation tank. This high intensity mixing allows the slurry to complete particle collection in a very short period of time with a high recovery rate. Froth is discharged from the bottom of the column into the flotation cell and a thicker froth layer is formed in the upper part of the cell. The LM flotation cell is a new type of flotation equipment. It can be used for treating non-magnetic, magnetic and non-metallic minerals.
4. A microbubble flotation column. The device adopts the mineralization separation mode of the traditional flotation column, and highlights the 'micro-bubble effect' of flotation. The "revolutionary" contribution of this flotation column is a revolution in the frothing mode the fluids are mixed into bubbles (in particular embodiments with static stirring vanes). The idea of improving column separation efficiency by using the fluid mixing as bubbles and the "micro-bubble effect" has been commonly adopted in the design of flotation columns.
Bubble generators have been developed, and the bubble generators of flotation columns can be classified into inner and outer foamers according to the foaming mode and foaming device. The foaming method, which is a bubble generation method commonly used in recent years, mainly includes the following methods:
1. and (5) shearing contact foaming. The slurry and gas flowing at high velocity are contacted in a suitable manner, such as by a metal mesh or a packing medium to create bubbles. The shearing contact foaming is to crush gas into bubbles by using a gas-liquid mixing process, wherein the bubble size mainly depends on the turbulence level of liquid and the continuous mixing time, and finally reaches the critical bubble size matched with the energy state of a system.
2. And (5) microcellular foaming. The gas is foamed by microporous plastic, rubber, canvas, nylon, microporous ceramic tube or pebble layer. The microporous material cannot fully play a role because the microporous foaming is easy to block, and the size of bubbles is directly increased due to the increase of the air charging amount (pressure), so that the method is adopted less at present.
3. And (5) reducing pressure or heating to foam. The solubility of air in water is about 2% and when the pressure is reduced or the temperature is raised, dissolved gas precipitates to create bubbles.
4. And (5) jet foaming. Either the pressurized gas stream injected into the slurry or the slurry injected gas stream may produce bubbles suitable for flotation. The method is that liquid is changed into disperse phase, then the gas is gradually changed into continuous phase with pressure increase, and then the gas is gradually dispersed into microbubbles from the initial continuous phase. Jet frothing technology is a great revolution of bubble generation technology.
5. The electrolysis of water generates bubbles. The electrolysis water principle is utilized, under the condition of power on, the electrolysis mode is adopted to make water be decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen, the diameter of the hydrogen and the oxygen generated by electrolysis is tiny, the bubble quantity can be controlled by current regulation, and the micro-bubble flotation by utilizing the electrolysis water technology is an innovation of the bubble generation technology.
Internal foamer
1. A filter tray type foamer. A layer of filter cloth is covered on a filter disc of the disc filter and is horizontally placed at the bottom of the flotation column, namely the foamer. The bubble generated by the foaming device is uniform but is easy to wear.
2. A riser foamer. A plurality of risers with diameters of 40mm-75mm and heights of 300mm-500mm are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the flotation column and are connected with a pressure controller pipe network. The interface of the upper section and the lower section of each vertical pipe is provided with a porous medium material. Such internal foamers are prone to clogging because the sludge tends to settle on the porous media surface.
3. A gravel bed foamer. Placing gravel with diameter of 8-20 mm between the upper and lower layers of sieves to form a gravel bed with thickness of 300-600 mm. Such a foamer is less clogged but produces bubbles of large diameter.
External foamer
1. Water/air jet inflators. Such inflators fall into 3 categories: turbo air type, floTair type and CESL type. The TurboAir model was developed by the united states mining agency. Glass balls or quartz particles are filled in an aerator with an inner diameter of 50mm, and fine bubbles with a diameter of 0.1mm-0.3mm are generated under high pressure. The FloTair type bubbler manufactured by deisitercon centrator, usa, disperses pressurized air from an external disperser into a tank through an aeration plate inside the machine, and operates under a pressure of 300Ka to 480Ka and a flow ratio of air to water of about 30, to generate fine bubbles having a diameter of about 0.1 mm. CESL type aerators are produced by CominCoEngieeringServiCeLTd (CESL) company in Canada in 1988, gas dispersers outside the flotation column produce air-water mixtures, dispersed into flotation jets through metal pipes, the pressure is operated at 300Ka-600Ka, the bubble diameter is 0.3mm-0.4mm, the gas content can be ensured to reach 50% and the porous metal pipes can be replaced in operation, and the operation rate is higher. CESL inflators are widely used in North America, south America, and south Africa, among others.
2. Air jet inflator. The MinovEX technologies company of Canada developed a mechanism for generating bubbles by blowing only air (air jet body) without using water. The aerator is of a simple structure consisting of a needle valve and a bubble spraying hole, has large aperture, can not be blocked because the surface is covered by ceramic, has a service life as long as 2a, and has a generated bubble diameter of 0.5-3.0 mm, and is easy to use.
Minnovex static mixer. The mixer utilizes the ore pulp and gas flowing at high speed to form bubbles under the action of the shearing piece, has the characteristics of easy replacement and on-line regulation and control of the size of the bubbles, but has higher processing precision requirement.
4. A porous venturi. When water flows through the porous pipe at high speed, the pressure in the pipe is lower than the atmospheric pressure, air spontaneously enters and is mixed with the water, and bubbles are generated under the high-speed shearing action of the porous medium. When the pressure is released, a large amount of microbubbles are separated out and then enter the cyclone section along the tangential line.
5. A cyclone type aerator. Centrifugal force in the cyclone flotation machine enables ore pulp and bubbles to be fully mixed, and air can be fed automatically or pressed in. The centrifugal force moves the ore particles to the tank wall, and the air bubbles rise to the inner side, so that the flotation effect on fine-grained minerals is good, but the separation of coarse-grained and high-density minerals is unfavorable.
The research of bubble mineralization mode is advanced, the early flotation column mineralization mode mostly adopts a countercurrent mineralization mode, and later along with the continuous progress of the flotation column technical research, the countercurrent mineralization, the forward mineralization, the tube flow or the centrifugal mineralization, the mineralization modes of a plurality of mineralization combinations and the like appear.
Countercurrent mineralized flotation columns, countercurrent collision mineralized flotation columns such as CPT flotation columns, FXZ full static flotation columns, and the like. CPT flotation column. The flotation column was developed by Canadian technology, whose core is its air dispersion system, of which there are four types, the latest being SlamJeT and SParJeT dispersers. The ore pulp treated by the flotation reagent is fed from a position about 1m-2.0m below the top of the column, and a gas disperser which can be disassembled, assembled and overhauled from the outside of the column is arranged near the bottom of the column. Microbubbles generated by the gas disperser freely rise under the action of buoyancy, mineral particles in ore pulp freely descend under the action of gravity, the rising bubbles collide with the descending mineral particles in the collecting area, and the hydrophobic mineral particles are captured and attached to the bubbles, so that the bubbles are mineralized. Mineralized bubbles loaded with useful mineral particles continue to float and enter a fine separation area, and are gathered at the top of the column to form a mineralized foam layer with the thickness of 1m, the foam layer is cleaned by flushing water flow, so that gangue particles which are entrained and enter the foam layer fall off from the foam layer, and further, higher-grade concentrate is obtained. The tailings slurry is discharged from the bottom of the column, and the entire flotation column is kept operating under "positive bias flow" conditions. FXZ all static flotation columns. FXZ static flotation columns are developed by Beijing school of China mining university and comprise static flotation columns and drop boxes matched with the static flotation columns. There is no rotational flow in the flotation column, ore pulp floats from top to bottom and flowing bubbles float from bottom to top, the target ore particles are adhered to the bubbles after colliding with the bubbles, the ore concentrate foam floats upwards to the top overflow for discharge, and the tailings are discharged along with the water flowing to the bottom. The falling box is provided with no moving part, the flotation reagent is sprayed into the falling box in a milk drop shape through high-pressure air and is mixed with the flotation feed, ore pulp flows from top to bottom due to the action of gravity, the reagent and ore particles are fully contacted in the flowing process, the floatability of target minerals is improved, and the flotation speed and the treatment capacity of a flotation column can be improved after the target minerals enter the flotation column.
The forward flow mineralization flotation column introduces air by utilizing a jet flow principle, a conical shrinkage pipe of the flotation column is connected with a horn pipe in an empty chamber, when high-speed water flows from the conical shrinkage pipe to the horn pipe, a larger flow speed is formed at an outlet of the conical shrinkage pipe due to gradual reduction of the water flow section, so that the pressure at the outlet is reduced to be lower than the atmospheric pressure, and negative pressure is formed in an air suction chamber, so that the air enters the empty chamber from the outside. A reflective false bottom is arranged at the bottom of the separation tank and is used for crushing air carried by high-speed water flow into bubbles and dispersing the bubbles into the whole separation tank. The device has the advantages of smaller bubble diameter, higher air retention amount, more uniform air dispersion, simple structure, convenient operation, no moving parts and better sorting index.
Tube flow mineralization flotation columns, including jet flotation columns, jameson flotation columns, and the like, with Jameson flotation columns being the most typical. The Jameson flotation column is developed in Australia, and its working principle is that ore pulp with regulated chemical agent is pumped into the mixing head of the lower conduit through the feeding pipe, and jet flow is formed through the nozzle to produce a negative pressure area, so that air is sucked to produce bubbles, ore particles collide with the bubbles in the lower conduit to mineralize, the downstream flow is discharged from the bottom opening of the conduit into the separation column, the mineralized bubbles rise to the foam layer at the upper part of the column, after being carefully selected by flushing water, the ore pulp flows into the ore concentrate chute, and the tailings are discharged through the cone opening at the bottom of the column. The inflatable stirring device is a key component of the Jame-son flotation column, adopts a jet pump principle, converts pulp pressure energy into kinetic energy from a nozzle, forms negative pressure in a sealing sleeve, and sucks air from an air conduit. Through the sealing sleeve, jet flow wraps the gas and enters the mixing sleeve, and under the action of the highly turbulent fluid, the gas is divided into bubbles and is continuously collided and adhered with ore particles, so that mineralization is obtained. The disperser is equivalent to a static impeller and uniformly disperses the vertical downward ore pulp along the radial direction.
The cyclone mineralization flotation column is provided with a cyclone inflatable flotation column. The flotation column was developed by university of Utah. The ore pulp is fed in a tangential direction with a certain pressure, air enters from the porous column wall, foam products are discharged through upward movement of the inner spiral, and settled sand is discharged from the bottom. The equipment has high efficiency, but the wall abrasion is serious. The high-efficiency aeration mineralization mode is provided, which corresponds to countercurrent mineralization, and the bubbling and mineralization processes of the high-efficiency aeration mineralization mode are characterized by being vertical. Under the background of a centrifugal force field with higher intensity, the vertical mineralization mode not only improves the mineralization efficiency of flotation, but also reduces the lower limit of flotation granularity. And the gravity separation function in the centrifugal force field is added to form the comprehensive force field advantage of fine material separation.
The forward-reverse flow multistage mineralized flotation column is developed by Russian IOTT research institute, and the volume of the flotation column tank is 1580m < 3 >, and the height is 4.6m. Because each column has different hydrodynamic and aeration states, and the flow rate and the residence time of ore pulp can be adjusted by changing the section of the column, different floatable particles can be recovered. Along with the deep research of the flotation column, according to the characteristics of the developed flotation column, the mineralization mode of the flotation column bubble also presents diversified characteristics, and the mineralization mode of various combinations becomes an important direction of the research of the flotation column.
The world maximum flotation machine (Germany and the United states) has the volume of 600 cubic meters and 680 cubic meters of Beijing mining and metallurgy institute, and has low concentration ratio and low recovery rate on the mineral flotation of fine particle size; in recent years, the grade of raw ore nickel in beneficiation treatment is reduced year by year, the content of magnesium oxide is increased increasingly, the granularity of ore embedding is finer and finer, and the fact that flotation equipment with higher efficiency cannot be sought is one of important directions of beneficiation development in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column, wherein the effective volume of a flotation column group is 2388 cubic meters, and the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column consists of a slurry pump, a total slurry uniform distribution bag, a cyclone jet generator, a control valve, a static mixer, a column slurry turbulence distributor, a slurry stabilizer, a clear water foam flusher, a column tank slurry level and the like, wherein the control valve, the static mixer, the column slurry turbulence distributor, the slurry stabilizer, the clear water foam flusher, the intelligent control of a tailing tank lifting gate and the like are arranged in front of and behind the generator; (1) column lower region: micro-nano bubbles, a mineralization area and a tailing discharge area; (2) column middle region: a nanobubble collection and enrichment zone; (3) an upper column region; the millimeter bubble concentrate foam layer is sprayed and washed by clean water to flow into the concentrate tank freely. The flotation column can instantaneously generate a large amount of micro-nano bubbles and can rapidly capture micro-fine particles below-19 microns, so that a hydrophobic ore cluster is formed. The mineral separation recovery rate of the novel flotation column is improved by one time compared with that of the traditional flotation machine on average, and the recovery rate of the novel flotation column on the fine fraction is improved by more than 30% compared with that of the conventional flotation column; compared with the common flotation equipment, the agent is saved by 1/3-1/2, the operation cost is low, and the quality and the efficiency are improved.
The upper part of the total ore pulp distributor is a cylindrical barrel, the lower part of the total ore pulp distributor is tapered and contracted to form a first tapered barrel, the bottom end of the first tapered barrel is provided with an ore pulp inlet, the side wall of the barrel is circumferentially provided with one to more than one circle of ore pulp outlets, and each circle of ore pulp outlets are provided with a plurality of ore pulp outlets, so that the bottleneck of processing 10 ten thousand tons/day to 20 ten thousand tons/day ore in one production line of a concentrating mill worldwide is broken through.
The column realizes a column-static mixer nozzle, the rotational flow injection nozzle consists of a first outer sleeve, a first ore pulp input nozzle horn pipe, a first throat pipe and a first negative pressure air suction pipe, wherein the first ore pulp input pipe and the first throat pipe are respectively inserted from two ends of the first outer sleeve, a first mixing chamber is formed between an outlet of the pipe wall of the first ore pulp input nozzle horn pipe which is converged inwards and an inlet of the first throat pipe, and the first outer sleeve is 180 relative to the first outer sleeve at the junction of the pipe wall of the first ore pulp input nozzle horn pipe and the first mixing chamber. Two L-shaped first negative pressure air suction pipes are arranged, the long sides of the two first negative pressure air suction pipes are parallel in the same direction and are converged at the upper part to form a converging pipe, and an air suction pipe valve is arranged on the converging pipe and used for controlling the air suction amount; the inner wall of the first slurry inlet nozzle horn is provided with a plurality of first spiral guide vanes 120. The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The bottleneck that the nozzles are blocked and shut down for maintenance or replacement of the nozzles during mineralization operation is needed is broken through by one column and multiple nozzles of other flotation columns;
The SK type static mixer has the advantages that compared with the common nozzle pulp bubble rate of other flotation columns, the nozzle with guide vane serial static mixer is improved by more than or equal to 30 percent, and the SK type static mixer is one of the components with high enrichment ratio and high recovery rate of the columns;
the control valves are arranged in front and behind the cyclone injection generator, and the mineralization nozzle of the cyclone injection generator can be quickly replaced under the condition of no shutdown during operation, so that maintenance workload is greatly reduced, and quality and efficiency are improved;
the flotation group column consists of a plurality of ore pulp flotation columns, each ore pulp flotation column comprises a hollow cylinder body, the upper part of the hollow cylinder body is a polygonal cylinder body, the lower part of the hollow cylinder body is a polygonal cylinder body, a second conical cylinder part is formed by shrinkage of the polygonal cylinder body, the distance between the second conical cylinder part and the cylinder pulp turbulence disperser is 25mm for ore pulp to flow, and the bottom end of the second conical cylinder body is provided with a coarse particle tailing discharge pipe; a high turbulence distributor is arranged at the center of the second cone barrel part, which is close to the barrel part, a porous flow stabilizing plate is arranged at one third of the position, which is away from the top, of the hollow barrel, a concentrate discharge pipe is arranged at the upper edge of the hollow barrel, a tailing box is arranged at the outer edge of the hollow barrel, a self-circulation adjusting pipe and a tailing discharge pipe are arranged at the lower part of the tailing box, and the self-circulation adjusting pipe is lower than the tailing discharge pipe; the top of the tailing tank is provided with a liquid level control gate, the lower end of a gate movable plate is connected with a fixed plate, the lower end of the fixed plate is connected between the self-circulation adjusting pipe and the tailing discharging pipe, and the tailing tank is divided into a self-circulation side and a tailing discharging side;
The self-circulation regulating pipe can input tailings into a stirring barrel of an ore pulp stirring flow (such as an ore pulp stirring barrel) before the slurry pump, and the tailings enter the flotation process again by the slurry pump, so that production shutdown is avoided when the raw material supply is insufficient. The production is stopped and a series of reactions are brought, so that great economic loss is brought to enterprises, the whole system can still continuously run when the raw material supply is insufficient due to the arrangement of the ore pulp self-circulation regulating pipe, the tailing discharge pipe is closed, the self-circulation regulating pipe is opened, the tailings are conveyed into the ore pulp stirring flow before the slurry pump by the conveying pipeline, and the tailings enter the flotation process again by the slurry pump. When the raw materials are sufficiently supplied, the self-circulation adjusting pipe is closed, the tailing discharging pipe is opened, and tailing pulp is discharged to enter the next production process.
The liquid level control gate controls the liquid level and tailings pulp by lifting or lowering, and the tailings pulp overflows from the upper end of the gate to enter the tailings discharge side of the tailings box, so that the tailings pulp is discharged from the bottom tailings discharge pipe. When self-circulation is needed, a control valve arranged on the self-circulation regulating pipe is opened, because the position of the self-circulation pipe is lower than that of the tailing discharging pipe, tailing pulp is discharged from the self-circulation regulating pipe preferentially, the self-circulation pulp is required, if excessive pulp flow can overflow into the tailing discharging side of the tailing box through the upper end of the gate and is discharged from the tailing discharging pipe, and the tailing discharging pipe is not provided with the control valve.
The gate is very stable in control of the liquid level, the energy consumption of the ore pulp stirring tank in the next production process is facilitated by discharging the tailing discharging pipe of the tailing box, the tailing pulp discharged by the tailing box can automatically flow into the next working procedure, and the pulp is not required to be conveyed by power.
The number of the cyclone jet generators and the static mixers corresponds to the number of the ore pulp outlets of the ore pulp distributor and the number of the ore pulp flotation columns;
the first ore pulp input pipe of the nozzle of the cyclone jet generator is connected with a slag pulp pump, the first throat pipe is connected with a static mixer through a conveying pipeline, and the static mixer is connected with an ore pulp inlet of the ore pulp distributor; each ore pulp outlet is connected with a second ore pulp input pipe of a cyclone jet generator through a conveying pipeline, a second throat pipe of the cyclone jet generator is connected with a conveying static mixer pipeline, and the conveying pipeline penetrates through the middle side wall of the barrel part of one ore pulp flotation column to the center of the ore pulp flotation column and is vertically and downwards bent and inserted into an ore pulp turbulence distributor; the pipeline of the conveying pipeline inserted into the column pulp turbulence distributor is a static mixer connecting pipe.
The pulp turbulence distributor consists of a round bottom plate and a hollow cylinder, wherein the diameter of the round bottom plate is smaller than the bottom of the barrel part of the pulp flotation column, and the diameter of the hollow cylinder is smaller than the round bottom plate; the side wall of the hollow cylinder is uniformly provided with a plurality of rows of long round holes which are obliquely arranged, and the center of the top of the hollow cylinder is provided with a round hole for the conveying pipeline to pass through.
The oblong holes are equalizing holes and are used for enabling gas to be easily crushed into discrete bubbles under the action of the orifice plate, and when ore pulp is sprayed to the orifice plate at a high speed, on one hand, most ore pulp sprayed by the rotational flow passes through the holes of the orifice plate, so that air beams are dispersed, and bubbles are generated; on the other hand, after the ore pulp part is impacted into the pore plate by the cyclone injection, the movement aspect is changed, the ore pulp part rotates back to the periphery, the backflow increases turbulence, more air is clamped, the ore pulp is crushed to form bubbles, and the speed of the ore pulp bubbles is increased.
The porous flow stabilizing plate consists of a hexagonal central plate and six peripheral plates surrounding the central plate, and small holes are uniformly formed in the central plate and the peripheral plates.
Wherein the pressure of ore pulp fed by the slurry pump is 3MPa-10MPa; the optimal pressure of the nano bubble pulp is controlled between 4MPa and 6MPa.
The first ore pulp input horn nozzle pipe of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble generator has an included angle of 13 degrees with the pipe wall of the first outer sleeve pipe, and the diameter of the outlet of the first ore pulp input pipe is 0.25 time of the length of the first ore pulp input pipe.
The first spiral guide plates are arranged on the inner wall of the first ore pulp input pipe of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble nozzle, and the number of the first spiral guide plates is two to four, preferably 3; the number of the second spiral guide vanes arranged on the inner wall of the second ore pulp input horn nozzle pipe of the cyclone jet generator is two to four, preferably 3.
Wherein, the ratio m of the cross section area of the first mixing chamber of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble generator to the outlet cross section area of the horn pipe of the first ore pulp input nozzle is between 6 and 10.
At the mixing chamber location, the interaction of the rapidly flowing pulp and the surrounding entrained air is exacerbated, the air and pulp are thoroughly mixed, and the air is dispersed and broken into bubbles. Thus, the mixing chamber has an important influence on the frothing quality of the bubble generator, as well as the structure, shape, size of the mixing chamber. In order to cut the gas into nano-sized bubbles, the ore dressing flow and the air flow need to be mixed in a turbulent manner in a mixing chamber, and the more fully mixed, the higher the foaming rate. The length and size of the mixing chamber (generally expressed by the ratio m (between 6 and 10) of the cross section of the mixing chamber to the cross section of the outlet of the pulp input pipe) have important effects on the size and dispersion of generated bubbles, and when the diameter of the mixing chamber is smaller, turbulent mixing is intense, and when the diameter of the mixing chamber is smaller, the generated bubbles are better in size and dispersion, but on the other hand, when the diameter of the mixing chamber is larger, more gas is favorably sucked, and the gas content is increased.
The diameter of the outlet of the first ore pulp input pipe of the cyclone jet nano cavitation bubble nozzle is dn, the inner diameter d1=dnm1/2 of the inlet of the first throat pipe, the length L1=7.77+2.42m of the first throat pipe, and the length L1.N of the first mixing chamber is 1.5dn-2.5dn; the outlet diameter of the second ore pulp input pipe of the cyclone jet nozzle is dn, the inlet inner diameter d1=dnm1/2 of the second throat pipe, the length L1=7.77+2.42m of the second throat pipe, and the length L1.N of the second mixing chamber is between 1.5dn and 2.5 dn.
The invention adopts the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble nozzle with the spiral guide vane and the first outer sleeve pipe, two L-shaped first negative pressure air suction pipes are arranged at 180 degrees opposite to each other, the long sides of the two first negative pressure air suction pipes are parallel in the same direction and are converged at the upper part to form a converging pipe, and an air suction pipe valve is arranged on the converging pipe and is used for controlling the air suction amount, controlling the movement track of ore pulp particles, reducing the erosion and abrasion of the particles to the nozzle, prolonging the service life of the nozzle, and simultaneously, the spiral guide vane changes the flow form of the existing jet flow into a rotary type, thereby being beneficial to improving the foaming performance of the cyclone jet bubble generator. When the rotational flow jet reaches subsonic speed, the negative pressure is at a position with a distance of 0.2d from the nozzle opening (d is the inner diameter of the outlet of the ore pulp input pipe), the negative pressure increases along with the increase of the fluid speed, a maximum negative pressure area is formed in a 0.2d-4d area, the negative pressure area and the central axis of the rotational flow jet flow field are used as the centers, and the air charging speed (air suction amount) is the maximum when the central line of the air inlet pipe intersects with the central line of the nozzle.
The invention is characterized in that:
1. in flotation of a flotation column, the size of the bubbles is the largest factor affecting the flotation effect, and the smaller and at best the larger the bubbles are, the larger the collision probability with ore particles is, and the more favorable the separation of fine-grained minerals is. According to the theory related to the action of bubbles and particles in a flotation column, if high-efficiency flotation of the flotation column is to be achieved, it is required that micro-bubbles are generated as much as possible at a large apparent aeration rate. Because the bubble size, the apparent aeration rate and the feeding rate are related to each other, if small bubbles are generated, the low apparent aeration rate and the relatively small treatment capacity are required to be adopted, and the contradiction always restricts the research of the efficient flotation column, so that the research of most of the current flotation columns is an important problem to be solved. The invention adopts a rotational flow jet micro-nano bubble generator and a static mixer to combine twice to form micro-nano bubbles, wherein the nano bubbles are more than or equal to 1 nm-less than or equal to 1 mu m; the micro-nano bubbles of the level have large specific surface area (contact angle is more than or equal to 175 DEG), so that hydrophobic ore clusters are formed; the surface activity is stronger, and the selectivity is higher than that of common bubbles because the surface free energy is extremely large; the high-dispersion and relatively stable gas substance capable of adjusting and promoting the interaction between particles and bubbles is provided, wherein the promotion effect is derived from the 'nano bubble bridge capillary force' generated in the nano bubble aggregation process, can be more adhered to the surface of the particles, has low rising speed, aggregates the fine particle fraction, increases the size of the fine particle fraction and increases the capturing probability; plays a role of a secondary collector and improves the surface hydrophobicity of particles; by promoting the adhesion of larger bubbles and particles to strengthen the flotation process, the lower limit of separation of minerals by the apparatus can be effectively reduced, especially for very fine and coarse particles. The bubble quantity of the nano bubbles can be directly controlled by adjusting the negative pressure air suction quantity, and the nano bubbles are convenient to operate and good in dispersion. The invention changes the internal inflation type into the external negative pressure control type, replaces the original multi-layer and multi-point inflation type inflation by the rotational flow jet micro-nano bubble generator at one point, is higher than the bubble speed of other flotation equipment by more than or equal to 30 percent, solves the problem of blockage of the flotation column generator (nozzle), and improves the flotation efficiency of the flotation column.
2. The formed nano bubbles can exist stably for more than 1 hour in the sodium oleate solution, and have strong stability; the size of the nano bubbles decreases with increasing sodium oleate concentration and increases with increasing pH; the electronegativity of the surface is continuously enhanced along with the increase of the pH value; after the cavitation time exceeds a certain time range, the size of the nano bubbles is not obviously influenced by the prolonged cavitation time, which is caused by the dynamic balance of dissolved gas in the solution in the water phase and the gas phase, and the micro-nano bubbles have unique effects, and are energy-saving, low in cost, quality-improving and efficiency-improving.
3. The ore pulp flotation column provided by the invention is a short column, and a central pump of the equipment can realize the collocation of different numbers of tank bodies (1-24) through an ore pulp distributor. And the flexible switching of different scales can be performed at any time according to the requirements of different mines, different ores and different processing capacities, so that the problem that the traditional flotation equipment is difficult to replace or allocate is solved.
A. The micro-nano bubble flotation column can instantaneously generate a large amount of nano bubbles and can rapidly capture micro-fine particles below-19 microns, thereby forming hydrophobic ore clusters. The mineral separation recovery rate of the novel flotation column is improved by one time compared with that of the traditional flotation machine on average, and the recovery rate of the novel flotation column on the fine fraction is improved by more than 30% compared with that of the conventional flotation column;
B. High enrichment ratio
The nanobubbles form bubbles of a size suitable for and mineralizing during the rapid rise and gradually form a stable and thick foam layer. In the foam layer, useful minerals can be enriched at a time, so that the enrichment ratio is obviously improved compared with that of the traditional flotation column.
C. Simplified flow
Because the enrichment ratio is high, the nano bubble flotation column can replace three or even four operations of the traditional flotation machine in one process, thereby greatly simplifying the production process.
D. The running is smoother
The high intelligent control ensures that the equipment operates more stably; the intelligent control, the electric control and the manual control can be freely switched; the mineralizing nozzle can be quickly replaced without stopping the machine during operation, thereby greatly reducing maintenance workload.
E. Low operation cost, small occupied area and flexible configuration
A central pump of the device can realize the collocation of grooves with different numbers, such as six grooves, sixteen grooves, twenty-four grooves or the like. And the flexible switching of different scales can be performed at any time according to the requirements of different mines, different ores and different processing capacities, so that the problem that the traditional flotation equipment is difficult to replace or allocate is solved. (note: the effective volume of "one with twenty four" is 2388 cubic meters/groove group, "one with six" (99.543 cubic meters/groove times 6 grooves are equal to 597 cubic meters/groove group), one production line is equivalent to 5 ten thousand tons/day treatment capacity, other flotation machines and flotation columns can not be achieved, and the intelligent and large scale of 20 ten thousand tons/day of one production line can be achieved by rotational flow jet micro-nano bubble flotation columns.
4. The ore pulp flotation column is internally provided with the orderly drilling flow stabilizer, so that the flow state of ore pulp in the flotation column is improved, the problems of 'turn over', 'channeling' and the like which are commonly caused by industrial flotation columns are overcome, an ideal 'plug flow' flow state is formed, and the stability of the flow state of ore pulp in the column, the uniformity of bubble dispersion and the like are improved.
5. The cyclone jet micro-nano bubble nozzle device is externally arranged, ore is fed from the bottom, and energy consumption is saved; microbubbles generated by solid, liquid and gas are symmetrically fed with ore pulp at the bottom of a main column, a high turbulence distributor device is arranged at the bottom of the main column, bubbles and ore pulp are in a narrow space, and a suspected baffle plate of an ore pulp steady flow distributor is arranged at the center of the bottom of the main column, so that on one hand, the size of the bubbles is reduced, the collision probability between mineral particles and the bubbles is increased, and on the other hand, the specific surface area of the bubbles of a nano plant is large, the surface energy is high, and the selectivity is higher than that of common bubbles.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column, which can form micro-nano bubbles, so that the flotation efficiency of mineral particles is improved, and particularly the flotation efficiency of very fine and coarse particles is improved. The device uses a mode of connecting a nozzle of a cyclone jet generator with a static mixer pipeline in series, and the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column replaces the bubble generation modes of pressure dissolution, jet flow and the like of the traditional flotation column, and has the characteristics of small bubble diameter, good stability, easy control of bubble quantity and the like. In flotation of a specific model, the size of generated bubbles is irrelevant to the apparent aeration rate and the feeding rate, and the size of the bubble amount can be directly controlled by adjusting the negative pressure suction amount. Thus well solving the problem that micro-nano bubble level cannot be obtained under the conditions of high apparent aeration rate and high treatment capacity commonly existing in a plurality of flotation columns at present.
Drawings
Fig. 1A is a top view of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 1B is a bottom view of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone ejector micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 1C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a column slurry turbulence distributor of a single-tank cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column according to a first preferred embodiment of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2A is a side view of a general slurry distributor of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2B is a side view of a second preferred embodiment of a cyclonic jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views of a swirl jet generator (nozzle) of a first preferred embodiment of a swirl jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4A is a schematic diagram of a static mixer end of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4B is a schematic valve diagram of a first preferred embodiment of the cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5A is a side view of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5B is a perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5C is a cross-sectional view of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 6A is a top view of a turbulent distributor of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone jet micro-nano bubble slurry provided by the present invention.
Fig. 6B is a side view of a column pulp turbulence distributor of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 7A is a side view of a porous flow stabilizer of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 7B is a top view of a porous flow stabilizer of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 8A is a top view of a pulp concentrate launder of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 8B is a side view of a pulp concentrate launder of a first preferred embodiment of a cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Fig. 9A is a schematic diagram of a first preferred embodiment of the cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column spray water provided by the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a side view of a third preferred embodiment of a cyclonic jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and fully described below to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the present invention and to make a clear and concise description of the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The first preferred embodiment of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1A and 1B, consists of a slurry pump 1, a total slurry distributor 2, a plurality of cyclone jet generators 3, front and rear sliding doors 4 of the generators, a static mixer 5, a column slurry turbulence distributor 6, a slurry stabilizer 7, a flotation column, a plurality of conveying pipelines 11, a slurry liquid level tailing control box 10, a concentrate foam layer, a concentrate tank 12 and the like, wherein the concentrate foam layer is sprayed and washed by clean water to flow freely into the concentrate tank;
wherein, the upper part of the total pulp distributor 2 is a cylindrical barrel 21, the lower part is tapered and contracted to form a first tapered barrel part 22, the bottom end of the first tapered barrel part 22 is provided with a pulp inlet 23, the side wall of the barrel is circumferentially provided with a plurality of circles of pulp outlets 24, and each circle is provided with a plurality of pulp outlets 24; in this embodiment, the side wall of the cylinder is provided with a circle of slurry outlets 24 in the circumferential direction, and the number of slurry outlets is 6, as shown in fig. 2A.
As shown in fig. 3A and 3B, the swirl injection nozzle is composed of a first outer sleeve 31, a first pulp input pipe 32, a first throat 33 and a first negative pressure air suction pipe 34, wherein the first pulp input pipe 32 and the first throat 33 are respectively inserted from two ends of the first outer sleeve 31, a first mixing chamber 35 is formed between an outlet 321 of the pipe wall of the first pulp input pipe 32 which is converged inwards and an inlet 331 of the first throat 33, and the first outer sleeve is opposite 180 at the junction of the first pulp input pipe 32 and the first mixing chamber 35. Two L-shaped first negative pressure air suction pipes 34 are arranged, the long sides of the two first negative pressure air suction pipes 34 are parallel in the same direction and are converged at the upper part; the inner wall of the first slurry inlet pipe 32 is provided with a plurality of first spiral guide vanes 36; the first helical flow guide 36 of the swirl injection nozzle in this embodiment is three 120 apart.
As shown in fig. 4A, the valve 4 is a front and rear pipe installation control valve position of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble generator.
As shown in FIG. 4B, the SK type static mixer is fed from the 4-1,4-2 tube outlet of the inlet static mixer of the throat 33 control valve of the swirl jet generator into the column slurry turbulence disperser 534 of FIG. 6B.
As shown in fig. 5A to 5C, the flotation column consists of a plurality of pulp flotation columns 5, each of which comprises a hollow cylinder 51, the upper part of which is a polygonal cylinder 511, the lower part of which is a polygonal cone which is contracted to form a second cone 512, and the bottom end of the second cone 512 is provided with a tailing discharge port 52; a high steady flow distributor 53 is arranged at the second cone-shaped cylinder 512 near the center of the cylinder 511, a porous steady flow plate 54 is arranged at the position of the hollow cylinder 51, which is one third away from the top, a concentrate discharge pipe 55 is arranged at the upper edge of the hollow cylinder 51, a tailing tank 56 is arranged at the outer edge of the hollow cylinder 51, a self-circulation regulating pipe 561 and a tailing discharge pipe 562 are arranged at the lower part of the tailing tank, and the self-circulation regulating pipe 561 is lower than the tailing discharge pipe 562; the top of the tailing tank is provided with a liquid level control gate 563, the lower end of the gate is connected with a movable plate 564, the lower end of the movable plate is provided with a fixed plate 565, and the lower end of the fixed plate 565 is connected between the self-circulation regulating pipe 561 and the tailing discharging pipe 562 to divide the tailing tank 56 into a self-circulation side and a tailing discharging side;
As shown in fig. 8A and 8B, the ore pulp concentrate launder is six channels with a gradient of 3 degrees, and the height difference between the front trough and the rear trough is 300mm.
The number of the cyclone jet nozzles 3 and the static mixers 4 corresponds to the number of the ore pulp outlets 2-4 of the ore pulp distributor 2 and the number of the ore pulp flotation columns 5;
the first ore pulp input pipe 31 of the swirl jet micro-nano bubble generator nozzle 3 is connected with the slurry pump 1, and the first throat pipe 32 is connected with the ore pulp inlet 534 of the column ore pulp distributor 6 through the conveying static mixer 4; each slurry outlet 2-4 is connected to a second slurry inlet pipe 31 of one of the swirl jet nozzles 3 through a transfer pipe 11, the second throat 32 of the swirl jet nozzle 3 is connected to the transfer pipe 11, and the transfer pipe 11 is inserted into the slurry steady flow disperser 534 by passing through the middle side wall of the cylindrical body 511 of one of the slurry flotation columns 5 to the center of the slurry flotation column 5 and vertically and downwardly bending, and the part of the transfer pipe 11 is provided with the series static mixer 4.
As shown in fig. 6A and 6B, the pulp flow stabilizer 53 is composed of a circular bottom plate 531 and a hollow cylinder 532, the diameter of the circular bottom plate 531 is smaller than the bottom of the cylindrical body 511 of the pulp flotation column 5, and the diameter of the hollow cylinder 532 is smaller than the circular bottom plate 531; the side wall of the hollow cylinder 532 is uniformly provided with a plurality of rows of oblong holes 533 which are obliquely arranged, and the center of the top of the hollow cylinder 532 is provided with a round hole 534 for the conveying pipeline 11 to pass through.
As shown in fig. 7A and 7B, the porous flow stabilizer 54 is composed of a hexagonal center plate 541 and six outer peripheral plates 542 surrounding the center plate, and small holes are uniformly formed in both the center plate and the outer peripheral plates.
The same number of swirl jet generator nozzles 3 and static mixers 4 corresponds to the number of pulp outlets 2-4 of the total pulp distributor 2 and the number of pulp flotation columns 5, in this embodiment 6 pulp outlets 2-4 of the total pulp distributor 2, and thus the same number of swirl jet generator nozzles 3 and static mixers 4 and the number of pulp flotation columns 5 is also 6.
In this example, the total height of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column 5 is 5.75 meters (wherein the height of the barrel is 3.8 meters, the height of the bottom cone is 1.2 meters, and the height of the column bottom is 0.75 meters above the ground), and the column diameter is 5 meters.
As shown in fig. 2B, the pulp outlets 2-4 of the total pulp distributor 2 are circumferentially arranged along the side wall of the cylinder, and each circle is provided with 6 pulp outlets 2-4, which are 12 in total. Thus, in the second preferred embodiment, the number of swirl injection nozzles 3 and static mixers 4 and the number of pulp flotation columns 5 is also 12.
In the embodiment, the pressure of ore pulp fed by the slurry pump is controlled to be 4MPa-6MPa.
The included angle between the wall of the first ore pillar pulp input pipe of the cyclone jet nano cavitation bubble nozzle and the wall of the first outer sleeve pipe is 13 degrees, and the diameter of the outlet of the first pillar pulp input pipe is 0.25 time of the length of the first ore pulp input pipe; the included angle between the pipe wall of the second ore pulp input pipe of the swirl jet generator nozzle and the pipe wall of the second outer sleeve pipe is 13 degrees, and the diameter of the outlet of the second ore pulp input pipe is 0.25 time of the length of the second ore pulp input pipe.
Wherein, the ratio 8 of the cross section area of the first mixing chamber of the generator nozzle of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column to the outlet cross section area of the first ore pulp input pipe.
The spray water setting of fig. 9A, it includes slot body 1 concentrate launder fig. 8A from inside to outside has set gradually interior overflow launder 2, well overflow launder 3 and outer overflow launder 4, outer overflow launder 4 bottom is provided with concentrate export 5, well overflow launder 3 and outer overflow launder 4 top height 1.5 meters are provided with water tray support 6, water tray support 6 is gone up from inside to outside and has set gradually annular interior water tray 7, well water tray 8 and outer water tray 9 in proper order, outer water tray 9 corresponds the region that sets up between outer overflow launder 4 and well overflow launder 3, well water tray 8 corresponds the region that sets up between well overflow launder 3 and interior overflow launder 2, interior water tray 7 corresponds the internal region that sets up in interior overflow launder 3, all offer a plurality of spray holes on interior water tray 7, well water tray 8 and the outer water tray 9, spray water pressure 0.12cm/s, the concentrate foam is discharged into the concentrate launder after the spray water washes.
Fig. 9 is a side view of a third preferred embodiment of a cyclonic jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the present invention. In a third preferred embodiment, the pulp outlets 2-4 of the pulp distributor 2 are arranged in three circles along the side wall of the cylinder in the circumferential direction, and the number of the pulp outlets 2-4 is 8 in each circle, and the total number of the pulp outlets is 24. Thus, in the third preferred embodiment, the number of swirl injection nozzles 3 and static mixers 4 and the number of pulp flotation columns 5 is also 24.
Example 2
The spiral-flow jet micro-nano bubble flotation column of the first preferred embodiment provided in the embodiment 1 is adopted for the titanium flotation test of the ilmenite with the fine particle size of Panzhihua, and the nano bubble flotation column is suitable for the flotation tailings of a titanium separation plant. After 72 hours of industrial tests, a good index of 85.12 yuan per ton of concentrate is obtained when the ore feeding grade is 6.72%, the concentrate grade is 47.15%, the tailing grade is 3.82%, the yield is 6.69%, and the recovery rate is 46.95%.
The cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention has the remarkable characteristics of high recovery rate, high enrichment ratio, high sorting speed and the like. Under the condition of poor, impurity and wide distribution of raw ore composition, the flotation tailings with the TiO2 grade lower than 6.5 percent can be separated to more than 47 percent by only one coarse and one sweep and two fine processes.
The nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention has strong adaptability to the grade fluctuation of raw ores. As long as the grade of the TiO2 in the flotation raw ore is controlled to be more than 4.5%, the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention can stably and well select qualified titanium concentrate products.
The cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention solves the problem that the valuable mineral with low grade cannot be effectively recovered in the existing titanium separation plant for recycling the flotation tailings, and can furthest improve the resource utilization rate.
Example 3
The second preferred embodiment of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided in the embodiment 1 is adopted to carry out industrial production on the weak magnetic separation tailings and the strong magnetic middling floating rare earth tailings of the strong magnetic rough concentrate magnetizing roasting of the steel-covered concentrating mill: and carrying out a full-flow flotation test of primary roughing, secondary concentration and primary scavenging on the mixed flotation concentrate obtained by pre-decarbonizing and mixed flotation of the low-intensity magnetic separation tailings, and obtaining a high-grade rare earth concentrate product with the yield of 4.23% and the REO grade of 64.01% and the recovery rate of 34.12%.
And (3) carrying out a full-flow flotation test of one roughing and four fine selection on the products in the floating rare earth tailing tank to recover niobium minerals, and finally obtaining a niobium concentrate product with the yield of 27.61%, the Nb205 grade of 0.53% and the recovery rate of 57.37%.
Example 4
The industrial production results of lead and zinc tailing separation factories of dam division companies of Beijing binlong mining company are proved by the third preferred embodiment of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided in the embodiment 1:
by adopting a coarse and fine scanning and a fine scanning, a secondary fine scanning, a conventional process flow of the medicament and a medicament system, the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column is used for separating lead-zinc ore flotation tailing pulp of a Gansu white silver company factory dam, and the industrial test obtains good indexes: the recovery rate of 35.32% of the lead-zinc concentrate reaches 57.12%, and 2307 ten thousand yuan of production profit can be obtained in years.
The nano bubble flotation column equipment has stable and reliable operation and simple and convenient operation (mainly the operation is to adjust the liquid level of ore pulp only through a flotation flashboard); the negative pressure air suction amount is large, and sufficient air quantity can be generated to increase the combining opportunity of minerals and foam, so that the flotation of the minerals is facilitated; the thickness and the area of the foam layer are much larger than those of a common flotation machine, and the high enrichment ratio is ensured. High recovery rate is ensured.
The single-tank separation of the dam ore zinc raw ore by using the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column can improve the operation recovery rate by about 47 percent compared with a common jet flotation machine.
The product analysis result and the raw ore fraction analysis show that the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column effectively recovers coarse particles and fine particles in the tailings.
From the embodiment, the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention has excellent performance in recycling of low-grade coarse particle and fine particle embedded minerals and reduction of the magnesia content of concentrate.
Example 5
The first preferred embodiment of the nano bubble flotation column provided in the embodiment 1 is adopted for the industrial test of reelecting Gansu gold and Sichuan copper and nickel tailings, the scale is 2000 tons/day, a coarse process, a one-sweep-two-fine process and a conventional medicament process are adopted, when the ore feeding grade is 0.274% and the copper grade is 0.30, the obtained nickel concentrate grade is 3.153% and the copper grade is 2.48%, and good indexes are obtained for improving the recovery rate of ore feeding by 22.34% and the recovery rate of copper by 7.51% to the recovery rate of raw ore by 3.91%.
The recycling of the tailings can not only improve the ecological environment problem caused by the piling of the tailings, but also expand the resource utilization range. In addition, the recovery of metals in tailings can bring huge economic benefit, 31000 tons of tailings are treated daily, the annual production is calculated for 330 days, more than 4500 tons of nickel can be produced annually according to the examination indexes of the project, and only one nickel is recovered from the tailings, namely the annual production increase value is about 6.75 hundred million yuan, and the profit is more than 3.7 hundred million yuan.
According to the embodiment, the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention can effectively improve the beneficiation enrichment ratio and the recovery rate and improve the quality and efficiency through the generation of micro-nano bubbles and the design of a large-scale flotation column.
Claims (9)
1. The cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column is characterized by comprising a slurry pump, a total slurry distributor, a cyclone jet generator, a control valve, a static mixer, a column turbulence distributor, a slurry stabilizer, a flotation column group, a plurality of conveying pipelines, a clear water foam flusher, a tailing tank and a tailing tank lifting gate, wherein the slurry level of a column tank is intelligently controlled by the tailing tank lifting gate;
the upper part of the total ore pulp distributor in the center of the flotation column group is a cylindrical barrel, the lower part of the total ore pulp distributor is in conical shrinkage to form a first conical barrel part, the bottom end of the first conical barrel part is provided with an ore pulp inlet, the side wall of the barrel is circumferentially provided with one to more than one circles of ore pulp outlets, and each circle of ore pulp outlets are core components for the maximization of the flotation column group;
the swirl jet generator consists of a first outer sleeve, a first ore pulp input nozzle horn pipe, a first throat pipe and a first negative pressure air suction pipe, wherein the first ore pulp input nozzle horn pipe and the first throat pipe are respectively inserted from two ends of the first outer sleeve, a first mixing chamber is formed between an outlet of the pipe wall of the first ore pulp input nozzle horn pipe which is converged inwards and an inlet of the first throat pipe, two L-shaped first negative pressure air suction pipes are arranged on the first outer sleeve at the junction of the pipe wall of the first ore pulp input nozzle horn pipe and the first mixing chamber at an angle of 180 degrees relatively, the long sides of the two first negative pressure air suction pipes are parallel in the same direction, the upper parts of the two first negative pressure air suction pipes are converged to form a converging pipe, and an air suction pipe valve is arranged on the converging pipe and used for controlling the air suction amount; the inner wall of the horn pipe of the first ore pulp input nozzle is provided with a plurality of first spiral guide vanes;
The control valves are arranged in front and behind the cyclone injection generator, and the mineralization nozzle of the cyclone injection generator can be quickly replaced under the condition of no shutdown during operation, so that the maintenance workload is greatly reduced, and the quality and the efficiency are improved;
the static mixer improves the air bubble rate of ore pulp by more than or equal to 30 percent;
the flotation column group consists of 1 to 24 ore pulp flotation columns, each ore pulp flotation column comprises a hollow cylinder body, the upper part of the hollow cylinder body is a polygonal cylinder body, the lower part of the hollow cylinder body is a polygonal cylinder body, a second conical cylinder body is formed by shrinkage of the polygonal cylinder body, and a coarse particle tailing discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the second conical cylinder body; a high turbulence distributor is arranged at the center of the second cone barrel part, which is close to the barrel part, a porous flow stabilizing plate is arranged at one third of the position, which is away from the top, of the hollow barrel, a concentrate discharge pipe is arranged at the upper edge of the hollow barrel, a tailing box is arranged at the outer edge of the hollow barrel, a self-circulation adjusting pipe and a tailing discharge pipe are arranged at the lower part of the tailing box, and the self-circulation adjusting pipe is lower than the tailing discharge pipe; the top of the tailing tank is provided with a liquid level control gate, the lower end of the gate is connected with a movable plate, the lower end of the movable plate is provided with a fixed plate, and the lower end of the fixed plate is connected between the self-circulation regulating pipe and the tailing discharging pipe to divide the tailing tank into a self-circulation side and a tailing discharging side;
The number of the nozzles of the cyclone jet generator corresponds to the number of the ore pulp outlets of the static mixer and the ore pulp distributor and the number of the ore pulp flotation columns; the first ore pulp input pipe of the cyclone jet generator is connected with a slag pulp pump, and the first throat pipe is connected with the static mixer and the ore pulp inlet of the ore pulp turbulence distributor in series through a conveying pipeline; each ore pulp outlet is connected with a valve and a first ore pulp input pipe of a cyclone ejector generator through a conveying pipeline, a first throat pipe and the valve of the cyclone ejector generator are connected with the conveying pipeline, and the conveying pipeline penetrates through the middle side wall of the barrel part of one ore pulp flotation column to the center of the ore pulp flotation column and is vertically and downwards bent to be inserted into an ore pulp turbulence distributor; n balanced and uniform ore pulp outlet holes are formed in the part of the conveying pipeline inserted into the ore pulp turbulence distributor;
spraying equipment is arranged at the top of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column at a height of 1.5 m, the pressure of spraying water is 0.12cm/s, and flotation concentrate foam is discharged into a concentrate tank after being washed by the spraying water.
2. The cyclone jet micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the total pulp distributor is a cylindrical barrel, the lower part of the total pulp distributor is tapered and contracted to form a first tapered barrel, the bottom end of the first tapered barrel is provided with a pulp inlet, the side wall of the barrel is provided with a plurality of circles of pulp outlets along the circumferential direction, and each circle of pulp outlets are arranged.
3. The cyclone ejector micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the static mixer comprises an SK type, an SV type, an SX type, an SL type and an SH type, an outlet pipe of a front link cyclone ejector, and an inlet pipe of a pulp turbulence distributor of a rear link flotation column bottom center.
4. The cyclone ejector micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pulp turbulence distributor comprises a circular bottom plate and a hollow cylinder, the diameter of the circular bottom plate is smaller than the bottom of the barrel part of the pulp flotation column, and the diameter of the hollow cylinder is smaller than the circular bottom plate; the side wall of the hollow cylinder is uniformly provided with a plurality of rows of long round holes which are obliquely arranged, and the center of the top of the hollow cylinder is provided with a round hole for the conveying pipeline to pass through.
5. The cyclone-jet micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the porous flow stabilizing plate consists of a hexagonal central plate and six peripheral plates surrounding the central plate, and the central plate and the peripheral plates are uniformly provided with small holes.
6. The cyclone ejector micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressure of ore pulp fed by the slurry pump is 3MPa-10MPa.
7. The cyclone ejector micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the included angle between the pipe wall of the first ore pulp input pipe of the cyclone ejector and the pipe wall of the first outer sleeve is 13 degrees, and the outlet diameter of the first ore pulp input pipe is 0.25 times the length of the first ore pulp input pipe; the included angle between the pipe wall of the second ore pulp input pipe of the cyclone jet generator and the pipe wall of the second outer sleeve pipe is 13 degrees, and the diameter of the outlet of the second ore pulp input pipe is 0.25 time of the length of the second ore pulp input pipe.
8. The cyclone ejector micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the first spiral guide vanes arranged on the inner wall of the first ore pulp input pipe of the cyclone ejector generator is two to four; the number of the second spiral guide vanes arranged on the inner wall of the second ore pulp input pipe of the cyclone jet generator is two to four.
9. The cyclone ejector micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio ml of the cross-sectional area of the first mixing chamber of the cyclone ejector to the outlet cross-sectional area of the first slurry inlet pipe is between 6 and 10; the ratio m2 of the cross-sectional area of the second mixing chamber of the swirl jet generator to the outlet cross-sectional area of the second slurry inlet pipe is between 6 and 10.
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| CN110899003A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-03-24 | 西南科技大学 | Novel controllable flotation of nanometer bubble device |
| CN110947525A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-03 | 李宾 | Nanobubble flotation column |
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