CN117339770A - Flotation column - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses flotation column includes cylinder, distributor, bubble generator and blender, in the use, the ore pulp is supplied into the cylinder through the feed inlet, and the back bubble generator opens, export the bubble via the distributor, open the blender, the blender can form the medium of gas-liquid mixture, then export the mixed medium via the distributor, the bubble contacts with the mineral in the ore pulp, hydrophobic mineral can be caught by the bubble and discharged via the concentrate export in the ore pulp, and hydrophilic mineral can not be caught by the bubble and can be discharged via the tailing export, can accomplish useful mineral and gangue mineral's separation based on this. The embodiment of the utility model provides a flotation column, the distributor include base and a plurality of nozzle, and the one end of a plurality of nozzles is connected in the base, and a plurality of nozzles are all inclined to the height and the width direction of base and are set up, can improve flotation efficiency, and rotatory flow field can detach coarse grain gangue in advance, reduces the gangue overgrinding phenomenon, reduces the energy consumption and reduces concentrate pollution problem.

Description

Flotation column

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of mineral processing engineering, in particular to a flotation column.

Background

Traditional flotation technology is mainly aimed at fine-fraction ore separation, but has poor separation effect on coarse-fraction ore. This is because of the large amount of gangue in coarse fraction ores and the narrow particle size, and the conventional flotation technique cannot effectively separate the target components, resulting in problems of excessive energy consumption and concentrate pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

To this end, embodiments of the present application provide a flotation column comprising:

the column body is provided with a feeding hole at the top of the concentrate outlet and a tailing outlet at the bottom;

the distributor is arranged in the column body and comprises a base and a plurality of nozzles, one ends of the nozzles are connected to the base, and the nozzles are obliquely arranged relative to the height and width directions of the base;

a bubble generator, the bubble generator being communicated to the distributor;

a mixer disposed between the sparger and the bubble generator.

In one possible embodiment, the column comprises:

a flotation housing formed with a flotation cell and a conical cell, the sparger being arranged at the transition of the flotation cell and the conical cell.

In one possible embodiment, the column further comprises:

a stationary ring disposed at a transition of the flotation cell and the conical cell;

the base is connected with the other ends of the telescopic rods.

In one possible embodiment, the flotation column further comprises:

the sieve plate is connected to the inner wall of the column body;

and the output end of the classifier is communicated to the feed inlet.

In one possible embodiment, the flotation column further comprises: a controller, the controller comprising:

a memory storing a computer program;

a processor executing the computer program;

wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements:

acquiring fineness information of minerals output by the classifier;

and determining the frequency and the pore diameter of the bubbles output by the bubble generator based on the fineness information of the minerals.

In a possible embodiment, the nozzle comprises:

the shell and set up a plurality of spray tubes in the shell, a plurality of spray tubes for the height and the width direction of base all slope setting.

In a possible embodiment, the plurality of nozzles in each of the nozzles are arranged in two or more rows, and the space of the nozzle outlets of the plurality of nozzles in each row increases along the first direction, and the inclination angle of the nozzles is determined by the following formula:

H/L＝(S-H)/(n-1)d (1)

H ² +L ² ＝S ² (2)

α＝arctan (H/L) (3)

wherein H represents the vertical height of the nozzle, L represents the projection length of the nozzle in the horizontal direction, S represents the length of the spray pipe, n is the row number of a plurality of spray pipes in a single nozzle, d is the maximum aperture of the spray pipe, and alpha is the inclination angle value of the nozzle, wherein alpha is defined as the included angle between the axis of the nozzle and the horizontal direction.

In a possible embodiment, the nozzle is detachably connected to the base, and a seal is provided between the nozzle and the base.

In one possible embodiment, the flotation column further comprises:

the guide plates are arranged on the inner wall of the column body in a pair-by-pair mode, one end of each guide plate is hinged to the column body, and the other end of each guide plate extends towards the direction of the distributor.

In one possible embodiment, the flotation column further comprises:

the water inlet pipe penetrates through the tailing outlet and is arranged in the column.

Compared with the prior art, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:

the flotation column that this embodiment provided includes cylinder, distributor, bubble generator and blender, in the use, the ore pulp is supplied into the cylinder through the feed inlet, and the bubble generator opens afterwards, output the bubble via the distributor, open the blender, the blender can make bubble and water mix, then the medium of gas-liquid mixture is exported via the bubble generator, the bubble contacts with the mineral in the ore pulp, hydrophobic mineral can be caught by the bubble and discharged via the concentrate export in the ore pulp, and hydrophilic mineral can not be caught by the bubble and can be discharged via the tailing export, can accomplish useful mineral and gangue mineral's separation based on this. According to the flotation column provided by the embodiment, the distributor comprises the base and the plurality of nozzles, one ends of the plurality of nozzles are connected to the base, the plurality of nozzles are obliquely arranged relative to the height and width directions of the base, the width directions of the base can be arranged along the horizontal direction, the height directions of the base can be arranged along the vertical direction, the plurality of nozzles are obliquely arranged relative to the height and width directions of the base, the nozzles can be inclined relative to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and therefore when bubbles are output through the nozzles, the bubbles can be output along the inclined direction, the jet flow of the bubbles can be more uniform, and for target minerals which fall without bubbles, the bubbles output by the nozzles can be blown up for many times, so that the interaction opportunities of the bubbles and mineral particles are increased, and the flotation efficiency and the mineral recovery rate are improved; further, the inclined nozzle can enable a stable rotating flow field to be formed in the flotation machine, the surface wetting degree of minerals is higher, so that the waste of fluid is reduced, the total amount of fluid required in the flotation process is reduced, the energy consumption in the flotation process is reduced, and further, the inclined nozzle is beneficial to forming the rotating flow field, heavier tailings can be gathered towards the center of the flow field due to the centrifugal force effect, and the tailings are discharged. The inclined plurality of nozzles improves flotation by optimizing the motion trajectories of the bubbles and ore particles. The adoption of the rotating flow field enables bubbles and ore particles to be uniformly distributed and good radial contact to be realized, so that the flotation efficiency is improved. In addition, the rotating flow field can remove coarse-grain gangue in advance, so that the phenomenon of overgrinding of the gangue is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the problem of concentrate pollution is solved.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a distributor of a flotation column according to one embodiment provided herein;

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a distributor of a flotation column according to another embodiment provided herein;

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of one angle of the nozzle of the distributor of the flotation column of one embodiment provided herein;

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of another angle of the nozzle of the distributor of the flotation column of one embodiment provided herein;

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of one angle of a flotation column of one embodiment provided herein;

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of another angle of a flotation column of one embodiment provided herein;

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a further angle of a flotation column of one embodiment provided herein;

Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a flotation column according to another embodiment provided herein.

The correspondence between the reference numerals and the component names in fig. 1 to 8 is:

100 distributors, 200 columns, 300 bubble generators, 400 mixers, 500 sieve plates, 600 guide plates and 700 water inlet pipes;

110 base, 120 nozzle; 121 shell, 122 spout; 1211 a first housing, 1212 a second housing, 1221 a nozzle outlet, 1222 a nozzle inlet;

a 210 flotation cell, a 220 conical cell, a 230 fixed ring, a 240 telescopic rod, a 250 feed inlet, a 260 tailing outlet and a 270 concentrate outlet.

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the technical solutions described above, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the embodiments of the present application and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and not limit the technical solutions of the present application, and the embodiments of the present application and the technical features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, embodiments of the present application provide a flotation column, including: a column 200, wherein a feed inlet 250 is formed at the top of the column 200 where a concentrate outlet 270 is formed, and a tailing outlet 260 is formed at the bottom; the distributor 100, the distributor 100 is set up in the column 200, the distributor 100 includes the base 110 and a plurality of spray nozzles 120, one end of a plurality of spray nozzles 120 is connected to the base 110, a plurality of spray nozzles 120 are set up with respect to the height and width direction of the base 110 obliquely; a bubble generator 300, the bubble generator 300 being communicated to the distributor 100; a mixer 400, the mixer 400 being disposed between the distributor 100 and the bubble generator 300.

The flotation column provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a column body 200, a distributor 100, a bubble generator 300 and a mixer 400, in the use process, ore pulp is supplied into the column body 200 through a feed inlet 250, then the bubble generator 300 is started, bubbles are output through the distributor 100, the mixer 400 is started, water and the bubbles can be mixed by the mixer 400, then a medium flow mixed by air and liquid is output through the bubble generator 300, ore pulp, flotation agents and bubbles can be more uniformly mixed, the bubbles are contacted with minerals in the ore pulp, hydrophobic minerals in the ore pulp can be discharged through a concentrate outlet 270 by bubble capture, hydrophilic minerals can not be discharged through a tailing outlet 260, and therefore, the separation of useful minerals and gangue minerals can be completed. According to the flotation column provided by the embodiment, the distributor 100 comprises the base 110 and the plurality of nozzles 120, one ends of the plurality of nozzles 120 are connected to the base 110, the plurality of nozzles 120 are obliquely arranged relative to the height and width directions of the base 110, the width directions of the base 110 can be arranged along the horizontal direction, the height directions of the base 110 can be arranged along the vertical direction, the plurality of nozzles 120 are obliquely arranged relative to the height and width directions of the base 110, and the nozzles 120 can be obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, so that when bubbles are output through the nozzles 120, the bubbles can be output along the oblique direction, the jet flow of the bubbles can be more uniform, and for target minerals which are not attached with the bubbles, the bubbles can be blown up for a plurality of times by the bubbles output by the nozzles 120, so that the interaction opportunities of the bubbles and mineral particles are increased, and the flotation efficiency and the mineral recovery rate are improved; further, since the inclined nozzle 120 can form a stable rotating flow field in the flotation machine, the surface wetting degree of minerals is higher, so that the waste of fluid is reduced, the total amount of fluid required in the flotation process is reduced, the energy consumption in the flotation process is reduced, and further, the inclined nozzle 120 is beneficial to forming the rotating flow field, heavier tailings can be gathered towards the center of the flow field due to the centrifugal force effect, and the tailings are discharged. The inclined plurality of nozzles 120 improves flotation by optimizing the motion profile of the bubbles and ore particles. The adoption of the rotating flow field enables bubbles and ore particles to be uniformly distributed and good radial contact to be realized, so that the flotation efficiency is improved. In addition, the rotating flow field can remove coarse-grain gangue in advance, so that the phenomenon of overgrinding of the gangue is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the problem of concentrate pollution is solved.

The embodiment of the application provides the bottom flotation column, and through the arrangement of the distributor 100 and the mixer 400, the separation recovery rate of coarse fraction ores can be remarkably improved, and the utilization efficiency of ore resources is improved; the inclination of the nozzles 120 through the distributor 100 is reasonable in design, and can reduce power consumption and reduce environmental pollution. It will be appreciated that the distributor 100 with the inclined design of the nozzles 120 is suitable for use in various types of ore and sorting processes, has a wide range of applications, and provides a reliable and efficient solution for mineral processing.

In summary, the flotation column provided by the embodiment of the application has important significance for improving the ore separation efficiency, reducing the energy consumption and the concentrate pollution. The development of these technologies will drive the mineral processing industry towards a more efficient and sustainable development, making an important contribution to sustainable utilization of ore resources.

As shown in fig. 5-8, in one possible embodiment, the column 200 includes: a flotation housing formed with a flotation cell 210 and a conical cell 220, the distributor 100 being arranged at the transition of the flotation cell 210 and the conical cell.

In this solution, a further version of the column 200 is provided, the column 200 may comprise a flotation housing formed with a flotation cell 210 and a conical cell 220, in use water may be injected via the bottom of the flotation housing, i.e. the conical cell, the water flow being buffered and rectified in the conical cell and then output into the flotation cell 210 of the flotation housing, the water flow co-acting with bubbles, the bubbles capturing hydrophobic minerals, the water flow providing kinetic energy for the rise of the minerals, and eventually the bubbles may carry the hydrophobic minerals for discharge via the concentrate outlet 270.

As shown in fig. 8, in one possible embodiment, the column 200 further comprises: a stationary ring 230, the stationary ring 230 being arranged at the transition of the flotation cell 210 and the conical cell 220; the plurality of telescopic rods 240, one end of the plurality of telescopic rods 240 is connected to the immobilization, and the base 110 is connected to the other end of the plurality of telescopic rods 240.

In this technical scheme, the fixing ring 230 may be further disposed on the column 200, and the base 110 of the distributor 100 is connected with the fixing ring 230 through a plurality of telescopic rods 240, based on which the inclination angle of the distributor 100 relative to the column 200 can be adjusted by controlling the telescopic rods 240, so as to better facilitate control of the output angle of bubbles in the column 200, facilitate the gas distribution mode of the multiple distributors 100 for adjustment, and enable the flotation column to be adapted to different minerals for analysis, so as to achieve the best distribution effect, and enable the flotation machine to have better flotation performance.

As shown in fig. 8, in one possible embodiment, the flotation column further comprises: screen plate 500. Screen plate 500 is attached to the inner wall of column 200.

In this technical scheme, the flotation column may further include a sieve plate 500, the sieve plate 500 is connected to the inner wall of the column 200, and based on this concentrate mineral is carried by bubbles and needs to pass through the sieve plate 500 and then discharged through the concentrate outlet 270, and based on this, agglomerated mineral can be broken up through the setting of the sieve plate 500, so that the grade of concentrate can be improved.

In one possible embodiment, the flotation column further comprises: the output end of the classifier is communicated to the feed port 250.

In this technical scheme, the flotation column can also include the classifier, through the setting of classifier, can classify the ore pulp of raw ore for the mineral of target size fraction enters into in the flotation column, can make the going on of flotation more pertinence, can improve the separation effect of flotation.

In some examples, the classifier may be an external hydraulic classification cyclone, and the floating particles are classified by the external hydraulic classification cyclone, so that a premise is provided for the classified feeding of materials with different particle sizes. The feeding point of the fine fraction adopts the bubble generator 300, so that the collision probability of fine fraction particles and bubbles is improved in a high turbulence environment, and the problem of fine fraction minerals in the traditional fluidization flotation is effectively solved. The coarse fraction is fed into the flotation column 200 by adopting a feeding pipe, a large number of micro-bubble groups are introduced by the bubble generator 300, and a flotation flow field environment with low fluid disturbance and high micro-bubble content is constructed by the fluid distributor 100, so that the flow field turbulence dissipation is effectively inhibited, and the fluidized flotation recovery of coarse-grain minerals is facilitated.

In one possible embodiment, the flotation column further comprises: a controller, the controller comprising: a memory storing a computer program; a processor executing the computer program; wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements: acquiring fineness information of minerals output by a classifier; based on the fineness information of the minerals, the frequency at which the bubble generator 300 outputs bubbles and the bubble aperture are determined.

In this technical solution, the flotation column may further include a controller, where the controller is configured to execute a computer program to obtain fineness information of the minerals outputted from the classifier, and then determine, based on the fineness information of the minerals, a frequency of the bubbles outputted from the bubble generator 300 and a pore diameter of the bubbles, and based on this, enable a correlation between the frequency of the bubbles outputted from the classifier 100 and the pore diameter of the bubbles and the fineness of the minerals, so that the control of flotation can be more refined, and the grade of the concentrate can be improved as much as possible while the recovery rate is ensured.

In some examples, based on fineness information of minerals, determining the frequency and bubble aperture of the bubbles output by the bubble generator 300 is performed by the following formula:

cd＝arcsinF*LnD

wherein c is pulp density, D is pulp fineness, F is frequency of outputting bubbles, and D is bubble aperture.

In the technical scheme, a specific mode of determining the frequency and the pore diameter of the bubbles is further clarified, so that the output result of the distributor 100 can be related to the fineness and the concentration of the minerals, the control of flotation can be more refined, and the grade of concentrate can be improved as much as possible while the recovery rate is ensured.

In the technical scheme, through the determination of the formula, when one of the ore pulp concentration, the ore pulp fineness, the frequency of the output air bubbles and the aperture of the air bubbles is clear, the other one of the frequency of the air bubbles and the aperture of the air bubbles can be calculated, and the debugging of the flotation column is facilitated based on the calculation.

As shown in fig. 8, in one possible embodiment, the flotation column further comprises: the guide plates 600 are arranged on the inner wall of the column 200 in pairs, one end of each guide plate 600 is hinged to the column 200, and the other end extends towards the direction of the distributor 100.

In this technical scheme, the flotation machine can also include a plurality of baffle 600, and baffle 600 one end articulates in the inner wall of cylinder 200, and the other end extends to the direction of distributor 100, based on this through adjusting the inclination of baffle 600, can adjust the divergence angle of the bubble of outputting through distributor 100, the speed of the propagation of bubble in the flotation housing of being convenient for is convenient for make the flotation machine adapt to the mineral of different grade types and demand, can increase the application scope of flotation machine.

As shown in fig. 5-8, in one possible embodiment, the flotation column further comprises: a water inlet pipe 700, the water inlet pipe 700 being disposed within the column 200 through the tailings outlet 260.

In this technical scheme, the flotation column can also include inlet tube 700, inlet tube 700 passes tailing export 260, based on this inlet tube 700 and tailing export 260 can coaxial arrangement, do benefit to the structure of simplifying the flotation column, in the use, can inlet tube 700 to the water injection in the cylinder 200, rivers are buffering and rectification in the toper pond, then export in the flotation cell 210 of flotation housing, rivers and bubble coaction, the bubble catches hydrophobic mineral, rivers provide kinetic energy for the rising of mineral, the final bubble can carry hydrophobic mineral to discharge via concentrate export 270.

In some examples, a middling discharge port may also be formed above the column 200, the middling discharge port being arranged between the concentrate outlet 270 and the tailings outlet 260, based on which the distributor 100 of the inclined design of the nozzles 120 enables separate discharge of middling product in the flotation column by means of the thick froth layer characteristics and the structural design of the middling discharge port. The thick foam layer and the spray water device carry out secondary separation on the particle bubble aggregates and the fine gangue particles in the upflow, the fine concentrate is discharged, and the fine concentrate particle air aggregates and the fine gangue are blocked to stay in the ore pulp phase. In addition, the screen cyclone classifies ore pulp discharged from the central ore discharge port, so that fine-grain gangue in the product is removed, and coarse-grain hydrophobic particles are effectively prevented from adhering to bubbles and entering the cyclone to overflow.

After the column body 200 of the flotation column is filled with the fluidization water, the fluidization water and microbubbles are injected into the flotation column body 200 through the bubble generator 300, so that a low-turbulence flotation environment is formed. After the flotation column 200 is filled with fluidizing water, different size fraction components of the wide size fraction feed particles are injected into it. The particle bubble aggregate and the fine gangue particles float to the top end of the flotation column 200, and are subjected to secondary classification and separation under the action of the foam layer.

The sparger 100 can spray a water-gas mixture upward to form an inclined flow field. The nozzles 120 are sprayed obliquely upward, and the number of the nozzles 120 is uniformly distributed on the apparatus. The inclined jet direction and the structural design enable the jet flow to form a rotary floating flow field, so that the mixing degree of bubbles and mineral particles is increased, and the contact opportunity between the bubbles and the mineral particles is improved. The flotation column is suitable for a high turbulence environment of fine-grained minerals and a low turbulence dissipation flow field suitable for coarse-grained recovery, and the corresponding grain-level materials are subjected to point feeding, so that full-grain-level high-efficiency separation of the wide-grain-level materials is realized.

The flotation column provided by the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:

improving the interaction opportunity of minerals and bubbles: the distributor 100 with the inclined design of the nozzles 120 adopts the innovative design of the nozzles 120, the jet flow is more uniform, and the number of the nozzles 120 is uniformly distributed on the base 110. The inclined jet direction and the structural design form an inclined flow field, so that the mixing degree of minerals and bubbles is increased, and the contact opportunity between the minerals and the bubbles is improved. The rotating upward floating field of the jet flow is helpful for solving the problem of uneven contact between minerals and bubbles in the traditional flotation technology, thereby improving the flotation effect.

Constructing a flow field environment suitable for fine and coarse particle sorting: the distributor 100 with the inclined design of the nozzles 120 cooperates with other critical structures to construct a high turbulence environment for fine mineral particles and a low turbulence dissipative flow field for coarse recovery in one apparatus by means of a split feed and critical structure design. The bubble generator 300 improves the probability of collision of fine-fraction particles with bubbles in a highly turbulent environment, solving the problem of fine-fraction minerals. Meanwhile, the distributor 100 with the inclined design of the nozzles 120 and the fluid distributor 100 construct a flotation flow field environment with low fluid disturbance and high micro-bubble content, which is beneficial to fluidized flotation recovery of coarse-grained minerals.

In summary, the distributor 100 with the inclined design of the nozzle 120 plays an important role in the wide-size-fraction particle fluidization flotation method and device, and achieves the aim of improving flotation efficiency and recovery rate, reducing resource waste and adapting to different treatment environments and requirements by improving the contact opportunity of minerals and bubbles, constructing a flow field environment suitable for fine-grain and coarse-grain separation and improving the classification separation effect. The flotation column provided by the embodiment of the application can improve the flotation efficiency and recovery rate of minerals, reduce resource waste, adapt to different treatment environments and requirements, and provide a reliable and efficient solution for the field of mineral processing.

Working principle:

the sparger 100 and flotation device with the inclined design of the nozzle 120 works as follows:

the principle of operation of the distributor 100 with the inclined design of the nozzle 120:

the distributor 100 with the inclined design of the nozzles 120 adopts the innovative design of the nozzles 120, the jet flow is more uniform, and the number of the nozzles 120 is uniformly distributed on the device.

The nozzle 120 sprays obliquely upward to form an oblique flow field. The inclination angle can be adjusted according to the requirements of the fluidized bed so as to control the spraying direction and range.

The inclined jet direction and the structural design form an inclined flow field, so that the mixing degree of minerals and bubbles is increased, and the contact opportunity between the minerals and the bubbles is improved.

The rotating upward floating flow of the inclined jet flow field is beneficial to solving the problem of uneven contact between minerals and bubbles in the traditional flotation technology.

The working principle of flotation equipment is as follows:

the flotation plant comprises a sparger 100 with a nozzle 120 of inclined design and a flotation column 200. The flotation column 200 is filled with fluidizing water and microbubbles to create a low turbulence flotation environment. After the flotation column 200 is filled with fluidizing water, different size fraction components of the wide size fraction feed particles are injected into it. Under the action of the distributor 100 with the inclined design of the nozzle 120, the minerals and bubbles interact and form particle bubble agglomerates and fine gangue particles that float up to the top of the flotation column 200. The secondary classification and separation is performed under the action of the foam layer at the top end of the flotation column 200. The fine concentrate enters the froth layer and is finally discharged, and the fine concentrate particle air floc and fine gangue are blocked from staying in the ore pulp phase and are discharged along with the middling discharge port. In addition, the floating particles are classified by the externally hung hydraulic classification cyclone, so that a precondition is provided for the point-separated feeding of materials with different particle sizes. The coarse fraction adopts a feeding pipe to feed the column 200, a large number of micro-bubble groups are introduced through the bubble generator 300, and a flotation flow field environment with low fluid disturbance and high micro-bubble content is constructed by means of the fluid distributor 100, so that the flow field turbulence dissipation is effectively inhibited, and the fluidized flotation recovery of coarse-grain minerals is facilitated.

In some examples, the flotation column may further include a screen cyclone, and the slurry discharged from the middling discharge port is classified by the screen cyclone, so that fine gangue in the product is removed, and coarse hydrophobic particles are effectively prevented from adhering to bubbles and entering the cyclone to overflow.

Through the above working principle, the distributor 100 and the flotation equipment with the inclined design of the nozzle 120 can improve the flotation efficiency and recovery rate of minerals, reduce resource waste and adapt to different treatment environments and requirements.

The implementation effect of the technical scheme is as follows:

from the above, the implementation effect of the sparger 100 and flotation plant with the inclined design of the nozzle 120 can be summarized as follows:

improving floatation efficiency: the novel design of the distributor 100 with the inclined design of the nozzles 120 makes the jet flow more uniform and creates an inclined flow field, increasing the chance of interaction of minerals and bubbles. This helps to improve the problem of uneven contact between minerals and bubbles in conventional flotation techniques, and improves flotation efficiency.

Improving the recovery rate of minerals: the rotating upward floating flow of the inclined jet flow field and the low turbulence flotation environment within the flotation column 200 facilitate the formation of particle bubble agglomerates and the upward floating of fine gangue particles. Through the action of the foam layer and secondary grading separation, fine concentrate can be effectively discharged, so that the recovery rate of minerals is improved.

High-efficiency sorting of wide size fraction: the split-point feed and key structural design in the apparatus allow the simultaneous construction of a high turbulence environment for fine-grained minerals and a low turbulence dissipative flow field for coarse-grained recovery in the plant. By the introduction of the bubble generator 300 and the fluid distributor 100, full-grain-level efficient sorting of wide-grain-size materials is achieved.

Fine gangue removal: the floating particles are classified by the externally hung hydraulic classification cyclone, and ore pulp discharged from a central ore discharge port is classified by the screen cyclone, so that fine gangue in the product is removed. This effectively improves the quality and purity of the product.

Adapt to different processing environments and requirements: the spray direction and extent of the distributor 100 with the inclined design of the nozzles 120 can be adjusted according to the requirements of the fluidized bed to meet the requirements of different treatment environments. Meanwhile, the technical schemes in the device can be mutually combined, so that more preferable combination schemes are realized, and the flexibility and adaptability of the device are improved.

In summary, the sparger 100 and flotation apparatus with the inclined design of the nozzle 120 provides significant implementation by increasing flotation efficiency, mineral recovery and broad particle-level efficient separation, as well as achieving fine gangue removal and adaptation to different processing environments and requirements. This provides a reliable and efficient solution for the mineral processing field, with the hope of bringing great economic and environmental benefits in practical applications.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in one possible embodiment, the nozzle 120 includes: the housing 121 and the plurality of nozzles 122 provided in the housing 121, the plurality of nozzles 122 being disposed obliquely with respect to both the height and width directions of the base 110.

In this solution, there is further provided a pattern of nozzles 120, each nozzle 120 may include a housing 121 and a plurality of nozzles 122 disposed in the housing 121, on the basis of which the air flow may be output through the nozzles 122, and by the arrangement of the nozzles 122, on the one hand, it is convenient to implement an inclined arrangement of the nozzles 120; on the other hand, the arrangement of the spray pipe 122 facilitates the control of the flow rate of the air flow, so that the contact opportunity of bubbles and minerals can be increased, and the recovery rate is further improved.

As shown in fig. 2, in one possible embodiment, a plurality of nozzles 120 share a first housing 1211, and each nozzle 122 is disposed obliquely within the first housing 1211.

In this technical solution, a manner of arranging a plurality of nozzles 120 is further provided, the plurality of nozzles 120 may share one housing 121, that is, all the nozzles 122 are disposed in one housing 121, and the plurality of nozzles 122 are divided into a plurality of groups to form the plurality of nozzles 120, so that the mechanical strength and the operation stability of the distributor 100 can be improved, and further the service life of the distributor 100 can be prolonged.

As shown in fig. 3, in one possible embodiment, the spout 122 of each nozzle 120 is provided with a second housing 1212, the second housing 1212 being disposed at an incline with respect to both the height and width of the base 110.

In this technical solution, there is further provided another arrangement of the nozzles 120, each nozzle 120 may be provided with a second housing 1212, that is, each second housing 1212 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 122 therein, and then the plurality of second housings 1212 are arranged at intervals, so that the nozzles 120 are connected to the base 110, and the nozzles 120 are arranged obliquely, based on which, in the use of the distributor 100, the inclined nozzles 120 may form a stable rotating flow field, and due to centrifugal force, heavier tailings may be collected toward the center of the flow field, and the tailings may be conveyed through a gap between two adjacent second housings 1212, so as to facilitate the discharge of the tailings.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, and 5, in some examples, the second housing 1212 may be massive to facilitate processing of the second housing 1212 while avoiding blockage of tailings discharge by the second housing 1212.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one possible embodiment, the plurality of nozzles 120 are arranged in an annular shape, and the base 110 is annular.

In this technical solution, there is further provided an arrangement manner of the plurality of nozzles 120 and the base 110, where the plurality of nozzles 120 are annularly arranged, the inclined nozzles 120 are beneficial to forming a rotating flow field, and heavy tailings gather toward the center of the flow field due to centrifugal force, and are removed by the middle ring of the nozzle 120 device, and other tailings can also fall through the gaps of the nozzles 120. Effectively reduces the tailing congestion phenomenon and is beneficial to the stable and continuous operation of equipment.

In one possible embodiment, the inclination angle of the nozzles 120 is determined based on the maximum aperture of the nozzles 122 and the number of the nozzles 120 disposed.

In this solution, a manner of determining the inclination angle of the nozzles 120 is further provided, so that at least the inclination angle of the nozzles 120 is related to the maximum aperture of the lance 122 and the number of nozzles 120 arranged, ensuring that sufficient bubbles can be produced to contact the mineral while facilitating the formation of a stable swirling flow field.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one possible embodiment, the plurality of nozzles 122 within each nozzle 120 are arranged in two or more rows, with the space of the nozzle outlets 1221 of the plurality of nozzles 122 in each row increasing along the first direction, and the nozzle inlets 1222 communicating to the base 110.

In this embodiment, there is further provided an arrangement of a plurality of nozzles 122 in each nozzle 120, each nozzle 120 includes a plurality of nozzles 122, the plurality of nozzles 122 are divided into dry rows, each nozzle 122 includes a nozzle hole, so that each row includes a plurality of nozzle holes, and the radius of the plurality of nozzle holes in each row is sequentially increased to increase the flow rate, increase the kinetic energy of the fluid, and make the fluid be sprayed onto the mineral surface more uniformly.

In one possible embodiment, the inclination angle of the nozzle 120 is determined by the following formula:

as shown in fig. 3, where H represents the vertical height of the nozzle 120, L represents the projected length of the nozzle 120 in the horizontal direction, S represents the length of the nozzles 122, n is the number of rows of the plurality of nozzles 122 in a single nozzle 120, d is the maximum aperture of the nozzles 122, and a is the inclination angle value of the nozzle 120, where a is defined as the angle between the axis of the nozzle 120 and the horizontal direction.

In the technical proposal, a design mode of the inclination angle of the nozzle 120 is further provided, so the design mode is convenient to quantify the design angle of the nozzle 120, the circulation sprayed by the nozzle 120 can be more uniformly sprayed on the surface of the mineral, and the interaction opportunity between the mineral and the air bubble can be increased

In one possible embodiment, the orifice diameter of the spout 122 increases gradually from the input end to the output end. By doing so, the flow rate of bubbles output via the nozzle 122 can be made more uniform.

In one possible embodiment, the orifice diameter of the spout 122 gradually decreases from the input end to the output end. So configured, the flow rate of bubbles output via the spout 122 may be made faster.

In one possible embodiment, the nozzle 120 is removably coupled to the base 110 with a seal disposed between the nozzle 120 and the base 110.

The nozzle 120 is detachably connected to the base 110, so that maintenance of the distributor 100 is more convenient, and a sealing element is arranged between the nozzle 120 and the base 110, so that probability of impurities entering between the base 110 and the nozzle 120 can be reduced, and use reliability of the distributor 100 is guaranteed.

In some examples, to overcome the problems of uneven mineral and bubble contact, less chance of contact, and poor flotation effect in the flotation process, the present application provides a sparger 100 with a rotating up-flow field.

The distributor 100, by changing the design of the inclination direction and the structural design of the nozzle 120, enables the nozzle 120 to be inclined relative to the height and width directions of the base 110, so that the jet flow is more uniform, and the target mineral which is not attached with bubbles during falling can be blown up by the nozzle 120 for many times, so that the interaction opportunity of bubbles and mineral particles is increased, and the flotation efficiency and the mineral recovery rate are improved. The distributor 100 includes a plurality of nozzles 120 and a base 110. When the distributor 100 is applied in a flotation machine, the nozzles 120 are sprayed obliquely upwards, and the number of nozzles 120 is evenly distributed. The bottom of the nozzle 120 is connected to the base 110, and the base 110 is used to fix and support the nozzle 120. The nozzle 120 design process includes: the inclination angle of the nozzle 120 group, the number and distribution design of the nozzle 120 group, etc.

The nozzle 120 inclination angle is calculated according to the following formula:

H/L＝(S-H)/(n-1)d (1)

H ² +L ² ＝S ² (2)

α＝arctan (H/L) (3)

as shown in fig. 3, where H represents the vertical height of the nozzle 120, L represents the projected length of the nozzle 120 in the horizontal direction, S represents the length of the nozzles 122, n is the number of rows of the plurality of nozzles 122 in a single nozzle 120, d is the maximum aperture of the nozzles 122, and a is the inclination angle value of the nozzle 120, where a is defined as the angle between the axis of the nozzle 120 and the horizontal direction.

In some examples, substituting s=50 mm and d=5 mm into equations (1) (2) (3) above yields H, L, α parameters for the nozzle 120 groups at different nozzle 120 rows n in table 1.

TABLE 1 partial design parameters for nozzle 120

In this example, mineral particles were subjected to 3 flotation opportunities (n=3), and the vertical height h= 38.1765mm of the nozzle 120 was obtained according to the formulas (1) (2) and (3), the horizontal distance l= 32.2886mm from the outlet to the inlet of the nozzle 120, and the inclination angle α= 49.78 ° of the nozzle 120 group was obtained.

The distributor device employs a circular ring base 110, with the lower base 110 having an outer diameter of 180mm, an inner diameter of 80mm, and a height of 20mm, to provide structural support and fluid injection for the upper nozzle 120. The 16 inclined block nozzles 120 are uniformly arranged on the base 110. With 36 nozzles 122 per block nozzle 120, and a total of 576 nozzles 122. In each nozzle 120, the nozzles 122 are divided into 3 rows of 12 nozzles, the smallest nozzle diameter is 2mm, the largest diameter is 4.74mm, the length is 50mm by adopting a cylindrical design, and the radius is sequentially increased to increase the flow rate and the kinetic energy of the fluid, so that the fluid is sprayed on the mineral surface more uniformly.

Pouring ore pulp and discharging the floated minerals above the flotation machine, and discharging bottom slag below the flotation machine. The slurry is poured into the flotation machine and then the air-water mixture is fed into the base 110. When the air-water mixture enters from the bottom of the nozzle 120, it is compressed and accelerated into the nozzle 120 to be ejected through the cylindrical nozzle 120 outlet, entraining a large number of fine bubbles. After entering the ore pulp, the bubbles react with mineral particles in the ore pulp to form a layer of gas-liquid interface on the surface of the ore pulp, and the interface has higher affinity and surface tension. When the bubbles float to the liquid level, the mineral particles attached to the surface of the bubbles rise together, so that the separation and recovery of minerals are realized.

The inclination angle and the structural design of the nozzle 120 can form a rotating flow field, and a larger tangential velocity is generated in the contact process of the air-water mixture and the ore pulp, so that the air-water mixture forms a circulation, the contact time and the contact strength of minerals and the fluid are increased, and the target minerals which are not adhered with bubbles and fall off can be blown up by the nozzle 120 for a plurality of times. In this process, the target mineral is constantly blown off the bottom of the flotation machine and floated to the liquid level. At this time, since the unwanted thrown impurities have a large specific gravity, they tend to move in the central region of the flow field due to inertia and sink, exiting the flotation machine through the middle of the distributor, while the lighter target minerals move around, float upward and exit the top of the flotation machine. The flow field which moves stably is beneficial to the lower discharge of tailings, and is not easy to block near the nozzle 120.

In particular implementations, the nozzle 120 inclination angle may be adjusted according to mineral type and process requirements. In addition, the geometry of the nozzle 120 may be designed according to practical requirements. For example, in implementations, the nozzle 120 may employ a scaling configuration. In addition, the combination of the multiple nozzles 120 can be performed according to actual needs, so that the flow field is more uniform. In particular, the arrangement of the multiple nozzles 120 can be made according to the desired flotation throughput and equipment space and connected to the same fluid conduit.

In a word, the distributor 100 device for generating the rotating up-floating flow field provided by the invention has various optimization and innovation such as inclination angle, distribution and quantity of the nozzles 120, geometric structure design and the like, can effectively improve mineral flotation efficiency, reduces production cost and has wide application prospect.

In some examples, the base 110 and the nozzles 120 of the distributor 100 are both made of a wear resistant, corrosion resistant material, the nozzles 120 are circular ring base 110, the base 110 is sized according to the flotation machine dimensions, and the base 110 provides structural support and fluid injection for the nozzles 120 above. A plurality of inclined block-shaped spray heads may be uniformly arranged on the base 110, wherein each block-shaped spray nozzle 120 has a plurality of small spray heads. In each nozzle 120, the nozzle is divided into a plurality of rows, each row comprises a plurality of spray holes, and the radius of the spray holes of each row is sequentially increased by adopting a cylindrical design so as to increase the flow rate and the kinetic energy of the fluid, so that the fluid is sprayed on the mineral surface more uniformly.

Further, the components of the nozzle 120 need to be designed to achieve the best flotation effect, which includes the following:

1. the inclination angle of the nozzle 120 can be designed and adjusted according to different application scenes. The inclination angle of the nozzle 120 is reasonably calculated according to the requirements, and can be selected according to the properties of the fluid, the characteristics of the flotation materials, the throughput and other factors.

2. The optimized nozzle 120 structure, each nozzle 120 adopts a block design, and the number of rows of the spray pipes 122 of each nozzle 120 can be adjusted according to the requirements of specific flotation production processes so as to meet different production requirements. The number of rows of the spray nozzles 120 can be selected to be single row or multiple rows, a plurality of spray holes are distributed in each row, a cylindrical design is adopted, and the radius of each spray hole is sequentially increased, so that the flow rate is increased, the fluid is sprayed on the surface of the mineral more uniformly, and the interaction opportunity between the mineral and the air bubbles can be increased. In particular, the arrangement of the multiple nozzles 120 can be made according to the desired flotation throughput and equipment space and connected to the same base 110 fluid conduit.

3. The nozzle 120 can adopt the structural designs of a convergent-divergent nozzle 122, a convergent-divergent nozzle and the like to form a finer jet flow field, so that a more efficient flotation effect is realized. In addition, the shape of the nozzle 120 may take a variety of designs, such as circular, oval, rectangular, etc., to accommodate different mineral particle sizes and flotation machine configuration requirements.

4. For ease of maintenance and replacement, the base 110 of the nozzle 120 may be of a removable construction. At the same time, the nozzle 120 assembly may also be designed in a replaceable modular configuration for field maintenance and replacement.

5. In addition, to further improve the service life and stability of the nozzle 120, seals may be added at the interface of the nozzle 120 and the base 110 to prevent fluid leakage and entry of contaminants. At the same time, a protective cover may be provided around the nozzle 120 to avoid damage to the nozzle 120 from mineral particles or other impurities.

The distributor 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application has at least the following advantages:

improving floatation efficiency: the distributor inclined nozzle 120 can improve the uniformity of fluid injection, so that the minerals can be more fully contacted with the fluid, the contact opportunity between the minerals and the fluid is increased, and for the target minerals which fall and are not attached with bubbles, the target minerals can be blown up by the nozzle 120 for many times, the interaction opportunity of the bubbles and mineral particles is increased, thus the minerals are easier to be floated, the minerals can be floated in a shorter time, the production cost is reduced, and the floatation efficiency and the mineral recovery rate are improved.

The energy consumption is reduced: the inclined nozzle 120 enables a stable rotating flow field to be formed in the flotation machine, so that the surface wetting degree of minerals is higher, and the waste of fluid is reduced. Thereby reducing the total amount of fluid required in the flotation process and reducing the energy consumption of the flotation process.

Reducing congestion: the inclined nozzle 120 is beneficial to forming a rotating flow field, heavier tailings can gather towards the center of the flow field due to centrifugal force, the heavier tailings are discharged through a middle circular ring of the nozzle 120 device, and other tailings can also fall through a gap of the nozzle 120. Effectively reduces the tailing congestion phenomenon and is beneficial to the stable and continuous operation of equipment.

The distributor 100 device for generating the rotating up-flow field has innovativeness and practicability in technology, and has obvious application prospect and commercial value.

In the present invention, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more, unless expressly defined otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; "coupled" may be directly coupled or indirectly coupled through intermediaries. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or units referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "particular embodiments," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A flotation column comprising:

the column body is provided with a feeding hole at the top of the concentrate outlet and a tailing outlet at the bottom;

the distributor is arranged in the column body and comprises a base and a plurality of nozzles, one ends of the nozzles are connected to the base, and the nozzles are obliquely arranged relative to the height and width directions of the base;

a bubble generator, the bubble generator being communicated to the distributor;

a mixer disposed between the sparger and the bubble generator.

2. The flotation column according to claim 1, wherein the column comprises:

a flotation housing formed with a flotation cell and a conical cell, the sparger being arranged at the transition of the flotation cell and the conical cell.

3. The flotation column according to claim 2, wherein the column further comprises:

a stationary ring disposed at a transition of the flotation cell and the conical cell;

the base is connected with the other ends of the telescopic rods.

4. The flotation column according to claim 1, further comprising:

the sieve plate is connected to the inner wall of the column body;

and the output end of the classifier is communicated to the feed inlet.

5. The flotation column according to claim 4, further comprising: a controller, the controller comprising:

a memory storing a computer program;

a processor executing the computer program;

wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements:

acquiring fineness information of minerals output by the classifier;

and determining the frequency and the pore diameter of the bubbles output by the bubble generator based on the fineness information of the minerals.

6. The flotation column according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the nozzle comprises:

the shell and set up a plurality of spray tubes in the shell, a plurality of spray tubes for the height and the width direction of base all slope setting.

7. The flotation column according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of nozzles in each of said nozzles are arranged in two or more rows, the space of the nozzle outlets of the plurality of nozzles in each row increasing in a first direction, the inclination angle of said nozzles being determined by the formula:

H/L＝(S-H)/(n-1)d (1)

H ² +L ² ＝S ² (2)

α＝arctan (H/L) (3)

Wherein H represents the vertical height of the nozzle, L represents the projection length of the nozzle in the horizontal direction, S represents the length of the spray pipe, n is the row number of a plurality of spray pipes in a single nozzle, d is the maximum aperture of the spray pipe, and alpha is the inclination angle value of the nozzle, wherein alpha is defined as the included angle between the axis of the nozzle and the horizontal direction.

8. A flotation column according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, wherein,

the nozzle is detachably connected to the base, and a sealing element is arranged between the nozzle and the base.

9. The flotation column according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:

the guide plates are arranged on the inner wall of the column body in a pair-by-pair mode, one end of each guide plate is hinged to the column body, and the other end of each guide plate extends towards the direction of the distributor.

10. The flotation column according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:

the water inlet pipe penetrates through the tailing outlet and is arranged in the column.