CN117339768A

CN117339768A - LB micro-nano bubble flotation column

Info

Publication number: CN117339768A
Application number: CN202310482935.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李宾; 请求不公布姓名
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-05-04
Filing date: 2023-05-04
Publication date: 2024-01-05

Abstract

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column consists of a total ore pulp distribution bag, a bubble generator, a disperser, a steady flow plate, a bubble pushing tank and a clear water foam spraying flusher, and the ore pulp liquid level is controlled by a tailing box lifting gate. The pulp is fed by a power source of a pulp pump, and the effective volume of the tank is 1m ³ ‑2400m ³ . The recovery rate of the column ore dressing is improved by one time compared with a flotation machine on average, and the recovery rate of the column ore dressing is more than or equal to 35% compared with that of a conventional flotation column; compared with the common flotation equipment, the agent is saved by 50% -70%, the operation cost is low, and the quality and the efficiency are improved.

Description

LB micro-nano bubble flotation column

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral flotation or industries such as petroleum, sewage, papermaking and the like, and particularly relates to ore pulp flotation or other flotation equipment.

Background

With the continuous development and consumption of mineral resources on earth by humans, mineral resources rich and easy to handle are increasingly reduced, while the demand for metallic materials is increasing, so lean, fine and miscellaneous ores have to be mined and sorted. Such ores must be finely ground to allow sufficient monomer dissociation of the mineral of interest, which in some cases means that the material needs to be ground to a particle size of less than 20 microns. However, as the particle size of the ore decreases, the flotation behavior of the mineral particles changes fundamentally, and conventional flotation processes can only treat those minerals that are floatable and easy to float, and have no special requirements for flotation agents, flotation techniques, flotation equipment, and the like, but it is difficult to fully recover these useful fine-size minerals.

Therefore, coarse-grain and fine-grain mineral separation is always a great difficulty facing the mineral separation industry, and fine-grain minerals are mainly characterized by small mass, large specific surface area and high surface energy. The mass is small, so that the collision probability of the hydrophobic ore particles and the bubbles is small, the energy barrier between the ore particles and the bubbles is difficult to overcome, the hydrophobic ore particles are adhered to the surfaces of the bubbles, and the effective mineralization of the ore particles and the bubbles is realized. The specific surface area is large, the surface energy is high, so that non-selective agglomeration is easy to occur between gangue mineral particles and useful mineral particles, the phenomenon of foam inclusion is caused, and the grade of concentrate is reduced. In order to solve the problem that the micro-fine particle minerals are difficult to float due to the quality effect and the surface effect, researchers at home and abroad have conducted a great deal of research on the technology and equipment of the floatation column, and under the background, a plurality of new technologies and new equipment of the floatation column appear, thereby showing good prospects for column type separation of coarse particle minerals and fine particle minerals.

The development history of the flotation column, the design idea of the flotation column starts in 1915. In 1961, canadian engineers BouTTin developed a flotation column with a foam flushing water device of modern significance, and then quickly raised the hot flashes of research and development applications of the flotation column in China. After the 80 s of the 20 th century, flotation columns have greatly progressed in bubble generators, aeration performance and operation stability under the guidance of some new design ideas, and many efficient flotation columns such as FloTaire flotation columns, MTU type filling medium flotation columns, cyclone aeration flotation columns and the like have been gushed out. Among the many types of flotation columns, the most representative is the jameson flotation column designed by the jameson professor in 1987, which has a brand new breakthrough in structure, feeding mode and separation mechanism, and solves a series of problems caused by column height. And mature day by day. The research of fine-fraction mineral flotation is developed by taking a flotation column as a center, and the research on the aspects of bubble gas production mode, a flotation column structure, a flotation system provided with various detection and control devices and the like becomes the research and development direction of flotation equipment in the future.

Flotation columns are under study and progress, and several types of flotation columns.

A Jameson (Jameson) flotation column, in which the pulp passes through a nozzle to form a jet into a conduit, the vacuum created by the jet draws air in and bubbles the pulp Chi Jianqie, the downcomer corresponds to a "reactor" from which concentrate froth product is discharged. The column has the advantages that: (1) realizing a split flotation strategy of mineralization and separation; (2) short column, industrial flotation column height of only 2.0 meters; (3) The retention time of ore particles is short, the air content of ore pulp is high, and the flotation efficiency is high; (4) The pulp is sucked through the jet flow to form negative pressure, and the power equipment is a feed pump. The column has the following defects: (1) The retention time of ore pulp is short, and multi-section scavenging is often required to be arranged; (2) large ore feeding fluctuation and unstable separation; (3) And a 'gas bomb' is formed in the column body, so that the sorting effect is influenced.

The filling medium flotation column is developed by the university of michigan industry in the united states, wherein the filling medium is filled in a conventional flotation column, the layers of the filling plate layers are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees, and the fine tortuous pore canal enables ore particles to be in close contact with bubbles, so that the separation effect is enhanced. The pan feeding is given from the main part middle part, and the bottom lets in compressed air, and concentrate overflows from the top and discharges, and tailing is discharged from the bottom, and the top sets up water jet equipment. Besides the advantages of the traditional flotation column, the flotation column also solves the problems that bubbles of the traditional flotation column are easy to merge and are easy to generate strong turbulence to form flow patterns such as turn-ups, and the like, and a bubble generator which is easy to scale and block is eliminated. The column is filled with a plurality of layers of wave-shaped media to form a plurality of regular tortuous channels, and compressed air entering from the lower part forms uniform bubbles and carries hydrophobic mineral particles to float upwards when passing through the channels. The filling type flotation column effectively implements the basic column flotation process of bubbling, mineralizing and separating, but the defects of easy blockage of filling materials and high manufacturing cost not only affect the implementation effect of filling, but also affect the industrial application of the filling type flotation column.

Jet flotation column, jet flotation column is a novel flotation device which is researched and developed by Jiang Zhiwei doctor according to the principle of free jet flotation. Lu Shijie A novel downward downstream jet type flotation column-KYZ type flotation column is provided according to jet flow theory. Nfmeseheariakov et al, russian moscow university, developed a flotation column with jet aerator, which has a good flotation effect on larger-sized minerals, has been widely used for flotation of 3-0.8 mm size fraction potassium salt and 2-0.5 mm size fraction diamond, and achieved a good technical index that the unit production efficiency is several times higher than any other type of flotation machine. The novel K phi M series flotation column developed by the Ula mineral separation research institute consists of a jet aerator, a microbubble generator, a central flotation tube, a discharging device and a foam collecting tank. The flotation column eliminates the phenomenon of convective movement of ore particles and bubbles in the conventional flotation column, and can realize roughing, selecting and scavenging operations in one flotation device.

The cyclone-static micro-bubble flotation column comprises a column separation section, a cyclone separation section and a pipe flotation device. The whole equipment is a column, the column separation section is positioned at the upper part of the whole column, a spray water pipe and a foam concentrate collecting tank are arranged at the top of the column, and finally concentrate is discharged from the column separation section; the ore feeding point is positioned at the middle and upper parts of the column separation section, the cyclone separation section adopts a separation cyclone structure and is in through connection with the column separation section in an upper and lower structure, and finally tailings are discharged from a bottom flow port of the cyclone separation section. The pipe flotation device is arranged outside the equipment cylinder body, and the outflow pipe of the pipe flotation device is connected with the cyclone separation section cylinder body along the tangential direction and is equivalent to a tangential feeding pipe of the separation cyclone. The tube flotation device comprises a bubble generator and a flotation tube section. The bubble generator introduces gas by means of jet flow and pulverizes the gas into bubbles, the pressurized circulating ore pulp enters the bubble generator to form a three-phase system containing a large amount of bubbles and realize turbulent mineralization, and then enters the cyclone separation section at a high speed along the tangential direction. Thus, the tube flotation device completes flotation aeration and turbulent mineralization, and forms a rotational flow force field at the bottom of the flotation column in a tangential mode, thereby realizing a continuous separation process.

Other flotation columns

1. A mechanically agitated flotation column. The capability of a common flotation column for floating coarse-grained minerals is low, and a mechanical stirring mechanism, such as a WemCo/Leeds flotation column, is added into the flotation column to improve the coarse-grained flotation effect. The flotation column is provided with a mechanical air charging stirring device, and coarse grains are stirred uniformly and are not easy to precipitate; several layers of barrier medium rollers are arranged in the column, and the grade of concentrate can be controlled by automatically adjusting the gap between the rollers; and adding flushing water at the top of the column to remove gangue inclusion in the foam.

2. And (3) a steady flow plate flotation column. Aiming at the problems of axial mixing and foam combination, the university of Mitsui technology develops a flotation column with a horizontal flow stabilizing plate, and the horizontal flow stabilizing plate consists of a plurality of simple plates with holes. Furthermore, meloy et al, university of West Virginia, U.S. propose a two-dimensional flotation column, the interior of which is divided into a plurality of cells by packing, thus allowing the production of a set of products of continuously varying grade, similar to a shaker.

Lm flotation cell. The equipment comprises a flotation tank, a column, a pre-pump buffer tank and a pump. The ore pulp enters a buffer tank in front of the pump, then the pump is used for beating a column body vertically downwards, compressed air is introduced, the mixing of the ore pulp and bubbles is completed in the column body, and feeding is provided for the flotation tank. This high intensity mixing allows the slurry to complete particle collection in a very short period of time with a high recovery rate. Froth is discharged from the bottom of the column into the flotation cell and a thicker froth layer is formed in the upper part of the cell. The LM flotation cell is a new type of flotation equipment. It can be used for treating non-magnetic, magnetic and non-metallic minerals.

4. A microbubble flotation column. The device adopts the mineralization separation mode of the traditional flotation column, and highlights the 'micro-bubble effect' of flotation. The flotation column contributes to the froth-forming version-fluid mixing into froth (in the specific embodiment with static stirring vanes). The idea of improving column separation efficiency by using the fluid mixing as bubbles and the "micro-bubble effect" has been commonly adopted in the design of flotation columns.

Bubble generators have been developed, and the bubble generators of flotation columns can be classified into inner and outer foamers according to the foaming mode and foaming device. The foaming method, which is a bubble generation method commonly used in recent years, mainly includes the following methods:

1. and (5) shearing contact foaming. The slurry and gas flowing at high velocity are contacted in a suitable manner, such as by a metal mesh or a packing medium to create bubbles. The shearing contact foaming is to crush gas into bubbles by using a gas-liquid mixing process, wherein the bubble size mainly depends on the turbulence level of liquid and the continuous mixing time, and finally reaches the critical bubble size matched with the energy state of a system.

2. And (5) microcellular foaming. The gas is foamed by microporous plastic, rubber, canvas, nylon, microporous ceramic tube or pebble layer. The microporous material cannot fully play a role because the microporous foaming is easy to block, and the size of bubbles is directly increased due to the increase of the air charging amount (pressure), so that the method is adopted less at present.

3. And (5) reducing pressure or heating to foam. The solubility of air in water is about 2%, and when the pressure is reduced or the temperature is raised, dissolved gas precipitates to generate bubbles.

4. And (5) jet foaming. Either the pressurized gas stream injected into the slurry or the slurry injected gas stream may produce bubbles suitable for flotation. The method is that liquid is changed into disperse phase, then the gas is gradually changed into continuous phase with pressure increase, and then the gas is gradually dispersed into microbubbles from the initial continuous phase. Jet frothing technology is a great revolution of bubble generation technology.

5. The electrolysis of water generates bubbles. The electrolysis water principle is utilized, under the condition of power on, the electrolysis mode is adopted to make water be decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen, the diameter of the hydrogen and the oxygen generated by electrolysis is tiny, the bubble quantity can be controlled by current regulation, and the micro-bubble flotation by utilizing the electrolysis water technology is an innovation of the bubble generation technology.

Internal foamer

1. A filter tray type foamer. A layer of filter cloth is covered on a filter disc of the disc filter and is horizontally placed at the bottom of the flotation column, namely the foamer. The bubble generated by the foaming device is uniform but is easy to wear.

2. A riser foamer. A plurality of risers with diameters of 40mm-75mm and heights of 300mm-500mm are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the flotation column and are connected with a pressure controller pipe network. The interface of the upper section and the lower section of each vertical pipe is provided with a porous medium material. Such internal foamers are prone to clogging because the sludge tends to settle on the porous media surface.

3. A gravel bed foamer. Placing gravel with diameter of 8-20 mm between the upper and lower layers of sieves to form a gravel bed with thickness of 300-600 mm. Such a foamer is less clogged but produces bubbles of large diameter.

External foamer

1. Water/air jet inflators. Such inflators fall into 3 categories: turbo air type, floTair type and CESL type. The TurboAir model was developed by the united states mining agency. Glass balls or quartz particles are filled in an aerator with an inner diameter of 50mm, and fine bubbles with a diameter of 0.1mm-0.3mm are generated under high pressure. The FloTair type bubbler manufactured by deisitercon centrator, usa, disperses pressurized air from an external disperser into a tank through an aeration plate inside the machine, and operates under a pressure of 300Ka to 480Ka and a flow ratio of air to water of about 30, to generate fine bubbles having a diameter of about 0.1 mm. CESL type aerators are produced by CominCoEngieeringServiCeLTd (CESL) company in Canada in 988, gas dispersers outside the flotation column produce air-water mixtures, which are dispersed into flotation jets through metal pipes, the pressure is operated at 300Ka-600Ka, the bubble diameter is 0.3mm-0.4mm, the gas content can be ensured to reach 50%, the porous metal pipes can be replaced in operation, and the operation rate is higher. CESL inflators are widely used in North America, south America, and south Africa, among others.

2. Air jet inflator. Minovix technologies, canada developed a mechanism for generating bubbles without the use of water, by blowing only air (air jet). The aerator is of a simple structure consisting of a needle valve and a bubble spraying hole, has large aperture, can not be blocked because the surface is covered by ceramic, has a service life as long as 2a, and has a generated bubble diameter of 0.5-3.0 mm, and is easy to use.

Minnovex static mixer. The mixer utilizes the ore pulp and gas flowing at high speed to form bubbles under the action of the shearing piece, has the characteristics of easy replacement and on-line regulation and control of the size of the bubbles, but has higher processing precision requirement.

4. A porous venturi. When water flows through the porous pipe at high speed, the pressure in the pipe is lower than the atmospheric pressure, air spontaneously enters and is mixed with the water, and bubbles are generated under the high-speed shearing action of the porous medium. When the pressure is released, a large amount of microbubbles are separated out and then enter the cyclone section along the tangential line.

5. A cyclone type aerator. Centrifugal force in the cyclone flotation machine enables ore pulp and bubbles to be fully mixed, and air can be fed automatically or pressed in. The centrifugal force moves the ore particles to the tank wall, and the air bubbles rise to the inner side, so that the flotation effect on fine-grained minerals is good, but the separation of coarse-grained and high-density minerals is unfavorable.

The research of bubble mineralization mode is advanced, the early flotation column mineralization mode mostly adopts a countercurrent mineralization mode, and later along with the continuous progress of the flotation column technical research, the countercurrent mineralization, the forward mineralization, the tube flow or the centrifugal mineralization, the mineralization modes of a plurality of mineralization combinations and the like appear.

Countercurrent mineralized flotation columns, countercurrent collision mineralized flotation columns such as CPT flotation columns, FXZ full static flotation columns, and the like. CPT flotation column. The flotation column was developed by Canadian technology, whose core is its air dispersion system, of which there are four types, the latest being SlamJeT and SParJeT dispersers. The ore pulp treated by the flotation reagent is fed from a position about 1m-2.0m below the top of the column, and a gas disperser which can be disassembled, assembled and overhauled from the outside of the column is arranged near the bottom of the column. Microbubbles generated by the gas disperser freely rise under the action of buoyancy, mineral particles in ore pulp freely descend under the action of gravity, the rising bubbles collide with the descending mineral particles in the collecting area, and the hydrophobic mineral particles are captured and attached to the bubbles, so that the bubbles are mineralized. Mineralized bubbles loaded with useful mineral particles continue to float and enter a fine separation area, and are gathered at the top of the column to form a mineralized foam layer with the thickness of 1m, the foam layer is cleaned by flushing water flow, so that gangue particles which are entrained and enter the foam layer fall off from the foam layer, and further, higher-grade concentrate is obtained. The tailings slurry is discharged from the bottom of the column, and the entire flotation column is kept operating under "positive bias flow" conditions. FXZ all static flotation columns. FXZ static flotation columns are developed by Beijing school of China mining university and comprise static flotation columns and drop boxes matched with the static flotation columns. There is no rotational flow in the flotation column, ore pulp floats from top to bottom and flowing bubbles float from bottom to top, the target ore particles are adhered to the bubbles after colliding with the bubbles, the ore concentrate foam floats upwards to the top overflow for discharge, and the tailings are discharged along with the water flowing to the bottom. The falling box is provided with no moving part, the flotation reagent is sprayed into the falling box in a milk drop shape through high-pressure air and is mixed with the flotation feed, ore pulp flows from top to bottom due to the action of gravity, the reagent and ore particles are fully contacted in the flowing process, the floatability of target minerals is improved, and the flotation speed and the treatment capacity of a flotation column can be improved after the target minerals enter the flotation column.

The forward flow mineralization flotation column introduces air by utilizing a jet flow principle, a conical shrinkage pipe of the flotation column is connected with a horn pipe in an empty chamber, when high-speed water flows from the conical shrinkage pipe to the horn pipe, a larger flow speed is formed at an outlet of the conical shrinkage pipe due to gradual reduction of the water flow section, so that the pressure at the outlet is reduced to be lower than the atmospheric pressure, and negative pressure is formed in an air suction chamber, so that the air enters the empty chamber from the outside. A reflective false bottom is arranged at the bottom of the separation tank and is used for crushing air carried by high-speed water flow into bubbles and dispersing the bubbles into the whole separation tank. The device has the advantages of smaller bubble diameter, higher air retention amount, more uniform air dispersion, simple structure, convenient operation, no moving parts and better sorting index.

Tube flow mineralization flotation columns, including jet flotation columns, jameson flotation columns, and the like, with Jameson flotation columns being the most typical. The Jameson flotation column is developed in Australia, and its working principle is that ore pulp with regulated chemical agent is pumped into the mixing head of the lower conduit through the feeding pipe, and jet flow is formed through the nozzle to produce a negative pressure area, so that air is sucked to produce bubbles, ore particles collide with the bubbles in the lower conduit to mineralize, the downstream flow is discharged from the bottom opening of the conduit into the separation column, the mineralized bubbles rise to the foam layer at the upper part of the column, after being carefully selected by flushing water, the ore pulp flows into the ore concentrate chute, and the tailings are discharged through the cone opening at the bottom of the column. The inflatable stirring device is a key component of the Jame-son flotation column, adopts a jet pump principle, converts pulp pressure energy into kinetic energy from a nozzle, forms negative pressure in a sealing sleeve, and sucks air from an air conduit. Through the sealing sleeve, jet flow wraps the gas and enters the mixing sleeve, and under the action of the highly turbulent fluid, the gas is divided into bubbles and is continuously collided and adhered with ore particles, so that mineralization is obtained. The disperser is equivalent to a static impeller and uniformly disperses the vertical downward ore pulp along the radial direction.

The cyclone mineralization flotation column is provided with a cyclone inflatable flotation column. The flotation column was developed by university of Utah. The ore pulp is fed in a tangential direction with a certain pressure, air enters from the porous column wall, foam products are discharged through upward movement of the inner spiral, and settled sand is discharged from the bottom. The equipment has high efficiency, but the wall abrasion is serious. The high-efficiency aeration mineralization mode is provided, which corresponds to countercurrent mineralization, and the bubbling and mineralization processes of the high-efficiency aeration mineralization mode are characterized by being vertical. Under the background of a centrifugal force field with higher intensity, the vertical mineralization mode not only improves the mineralization efficiency of flotation, but also reduces the lower limit of flotation granularity. And the gravity separation function in the centrifugal force field is added to form the comprehensive force field advantage of fine material separation.

The concurrent-countercurrent multistage mineralized flotation column has a tank volume of 1580m and is developed by Russian IOTT research institute ³ . Because each column has different hydrodynamic and aeration states, and the flow rate and the residence time of ore pulp can be adjusted by changing the section of the column, different floatable particles can be recovered. Along with the deep research of the flotation column, according to the characteristics of the developed flotation column, the mineralization mode of the flotation column bubble also presents diversified characteristics, and the mineralization mode of various combinations becomes an important direction of the research of the flotation column.

In recent years, the grade of raw ore nickel in mineral dressing treatment is reduced year by year, the content of magnesium oxide is increased increasingly, the granularity of ore embedding is finer and finer, and the search for efficient flotation equipment is one of important directions of mineral dressing development in the future.

Disclosure of Invention

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column comprises a slurry pump as a power source, and after the slurry is input into a total slurry distribution bag, N cyclone jet micro-nano bubble generators, a stack nozzle in the generators, a negative pressure meter on a negative pressure suction pipe and valve control are uniformly input, wherein the inner side of a horn-shaped venturi is provided with a homodromous axis guide line, the negative pressure meter on the negative pressure suction pipe, and the top end of the suction pipe is provided with a Y-shaped pipe orifice, a first flotation reagent atomization inlet, a second negative pressure vacuum suction inlet, a slurry 'flotation reagent atomization+solid-liquid-gas' mixing chamber and a venturi jet spiral micro-nano bubble slurry outlet;

wherein, the bubble generator is provided with an intelligent digital pressure gauge, control valves are arranged at both ends of the inlet and the outlet, and the maintenance or the replacement of the bubble generator does not need to stop the machine and stop the production when working;

the device comprises a conveying pipeline, an ore pulp inlet and an ore pulp outlet, a flotation column pile type bottom center ore pulp disperser, and a suspected baffle plate of the ore pulp disperser with a balance hole in a cylinder body, wherein the ore pulp inlet and the ore pulp outlet of the conveying pipeline are connected with the ore pulp disperser with the balance hole, so that the ore pulp flotation environment is optimized, and tiny bubbles are effectively crushed;

Wherein, the steady flow plate is drilled (the outer circle has small aperture, large center and even distribution), the aperture range is 5mm-25mm, preferably 10 mm-20 mm; the flow stabilizing plate is fixed at the position which is two fifths away from the top flotation column body, the static mineralization and stable liquid level of the ore pulp are stabilized, the ore pulp slowly flows upwards after passing through the disperser, ore particles and bubbles are in turbulent collision and adsorption in the column body, the useful minerals attached to the micro-nano bubbles float to a cell body foam pushing area in a static separation environment, and products flow out from a foam concentrate cell after secondary enrichment. The unmineralized mineral particles fall along with the mineral flow and are discharged through the tailing box. The liquid level and the thickness of the foam layer are automatically adjusted by the intelligent control system of the tailing tank;

the tailing box gate controls the ore pulp liquid level of the flotation column and is provided with a circulating pipeline and a tailing discharging pipeline outlet, and the bottommost part of the center of the flotation column is provided with a coarse particle discharging ore pulp valve control, so that coarse particle tailings are prevented from being discharged in a settling tank of the flotation column and blocking tailings.

Furthermore, control valves are arranged at the two ends of the inlet and the outlet of the front bubble generator and the rear bubble generator.

Further, the central bottom of the column groove body is provided with an ore pulp disperser.

Further, the porous flow stabilizing plate is arranged at two fifths of the height of the flotation column and is fixed.

Furthermore, the bubble generator is in a pile-type tubular shape, one end of the input ore pulp is a nozzle and a horn-type venturi tube at the outlet end, the nozzle is connected with a disperser at the bottom of the center of the flotation column, the inner tube wall of the nozzle part is contracted from the opening end to the middle, the inner tube walls of the nozzle and the horn-type venturi tube are provided with coaxial guide line threads, an L-shaped bidirectional air suction collecting tube is vertically arranged at the junction of the venturi tube and the nozzle, the top end of the air suction tube is a Y-type (flotation agent atomization inlet and negative pressure air suction) air suction tube, and a negative pressure meter and an air suction control valve are arranged on the negative pressure air suction tube.

Further, the ore pulp disperser consists of a 12-sided base plate and a small 12-sided column body, wherein the diameter of the 12-sided base plate is smaller than the bottom of the tank body, and the distance is 100mm; the diameter of the 12-sided polygonal column is smaller than that of the 12-sided polygonal bottom plate; the side wall of the 12-sided cylinder is uniformly provided with a plurality of circular holes which are obliquely arranged.

Still further, the delivery conduit penetrates into the slurry disperser from the top or bottom center of the slurry disperser.

The improvement of the invention is that:

the invention provides a LB micro-nano bubble flotation column volume 2400m ³ Wherein the single tank volume of the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column (short column, diameter 5m, pile bottom height 1.2m, cylinder height 4.8 m) is about up to (100 m) ³ Table), computer control (intelligentized), large-scale; breaks through 680m of maximum flotation column of Beijing mining and metallurgy institute ³ A concurrent-countercurrent multistage flotation column developed by the research institute of IOTT and Russian, the column having a tank volume of 1580m ³ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The invention changes the high column into the short column and changes the ore feeding mode into the bottom; the column is a column of bubble generator, eliminates the defects of a plurality of bubble generators of other columns, and greatly reduces the energy consumption and the operation cost. The invention can realize the effective recovery of coarse-grain and fine-grain minerals.

The micro-nano bubbles generated by the bubble generator are small, and are about two orders of magnitude (less than or equal to 0.99 mu m-more than or equal to 100 nm); stronger surface activity because the surface free energy is extremely large; the particle can be attached to the surface of the particle, the rising speed is low, the size of the particle is increased by suspicious fine particle fraction aggregation, and the capturing probability is increased; plays a role of a secondary collector and improves the surface hydrophobicity of particles; the flotation process is enhanced by promoting the attachment of larger bubbles to the particles. The existence of micro-nano bubbles can reduce the possibility of separation, thereby being beneficial to flotation; the existence of micro-nano bubbles improves the flotation yield and recovery rate; micro-nano bubbles increase flotation efficiency, especially for very fine and coarse particles.

The micro-nano bubbles have small diameter and easily controlled bubble quantity. Micro-nano bubbles generated by the mode of cyclone jet micro-nano cavitation bubbles have small diameters (less than or equal to 0.99 micrometers and more than or equal to 100 nanometers), the bubbles are well dispersed in a flotation column, the surface area of the bubbles is large, the contact probability of the bubbles and ore particles is increased, the flotation is facilitated, and the separation lower limit of equipment on minerals can be effectively reduced. The air bubble quantity can be directly controlled by adjusting the negative pressure air suction quantity, and the operation is convenient.

The micro-nano bubbles of the bubble generator can exist stably for more than 1h in the sodium oleate solution, and have strong stability; the size of micro-nano bubbles decreases with the increase of the concentration of sodium oleate, and increases with the increase of the pH; the electronegativity of the surface is continuously enhanced along with the increase of the pH value; after the cavitation time exceeds a certain time range, the cavitation time is prolonged without obvious influence on the size of micro-nano bubbles, which is caused by the dynamic balance of dissolved gas in the solution in the water phase and the gas phase, and the micro-nano bubbles have unique effects, and are energy-saving, low in cost, quality-improving and efficiency-improving.

The invention is similar to the mechanical stirring mineralization mode of a flotation machine, so that the collision probability of bubbles and fine-grained minerals is increased; the column disperser device is arranged, so that the pulp flow state is uniform and stable, and the stability and secondary enrichment of foam are improved.

The flotation column of the bubble generator overcomes the contradiction that small bubbles and high apparent aeration rate of a plurality of flotation columns cannot be compatible at present; the L-shaped bidirectional negative pressure suction collecting pipe is characterized in that the top end of the suction pipe is a Y-shaped negative pressure suction pipe, the diameter of bubbles generated by atomization of a flotation reagent is tiny, the negative pressure suction micro-nano cavitation bubble generating device is relatively unique, and the bubble quantity of the liquid surface of the flotation tank can be controlled intelligently through the index of a negative pressure meter of the suction pipe.

The unique bubble generator generation mode and column structure of the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column in the invention enable the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column to achieve the micro-nano bubble flotation process of high turbulence mineralization and static separation of fine mineral. On one hand, the micro-nano bubbles reduce the size of the bubbles, increase the collision probability between mineral particles and bubbles, and on the other hand, the micro-nano bubbles have large specific surface area, high surface energy and higher selectivity than common bubbles. Micro-nano bubbles are bubbles in nature, but can be similar to flotation agents in nature, and are bubbles with a diameter at the micro-nano level, i.e., microbubbles; in nature, it is a highly dispersed, relatively stable gaseous substance present at the micro-nano level that is capable of modulating the interactions between particles and particles-bubbles, its promotion results from "micro-nano bubble bridging capillary forces" generated during micro-nano bubble aggregation, analogous to flotation agents that can modulate the interfacial properties of mineral particles by adsorption to mineral surfaces, their promotion results from agents acting with surfaces, mainly including chemical (covalent, coordinate), hydrogen bonding, electrostatic, hydrophobic association, molecular bonding, and the like. Therefore, in the process of micro-fine mineral flotation, the interface property of the mineral particles is regulated and controlled through micro-nano bubble regulation in the future, and the interaction between particles and bubbles is promoted.

In the invention, the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column has two main types of improved micro-particle mineral flotation proved by theoretical research and industrial production industry; firstly, selectively agglomerating fine-grained minerals to increase the granularity of the to-be-beneficiated matters; secondly, the size of bubbles is reduced by technical means, and the collision efficiency of bubbles and the micro-fine particle minerals is increased. Both are fundamental to the enhancement of the interaction process between minerals and bubbles, and two of the key processes involved are particle-particle agglomeration and particle-bubble collision adhesion. Therefore, in theory, the separation efficiency of the fine-grained minerals can be improved by controlling the interaction process between grains and bubbles through technical means. The capillary force of the micro-nano bubble bridge generated by the micro-nano bubbles is the root of long-range hydrophobic effect. It is known from EDL-VO theory that hydrophobic interactions play a dominant role in particle-particle and hydrophobic particle-bubble interactions. Therefore, in theory, by introducing micro-nano bubbles, on one hand, the capillary force of micro-nano bubble bridges among ore particles can be utilized to strengthen the agglomeration process of micro-fine ore particles; the second aspect can utilize micro-nano bubbles to strengthen the collision adhesion process between mineral particles and common bubbles; in a third aspect, the probability of collision of particles with bubbles is increased. Therefore, the application of the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column in micro-particle mineral flotation can not only improve the recovery rate of minerals, save flotation agents and energy consumption and improve the efficiency of the substances, realize the rational utilization of resources, but also be beneficial to the sustainable development and environmental management of China and has important significance for relieving the shortage of resources.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a top view of an LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention.

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of an LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention.

Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of an LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention.

Fig. 6-1 and LB schematic diagrams of a micro-nano bubble flotation column total slurry distribution package.

Fig. 6-2 LB schematic diagram of a micro-nano bubble flotation column total slurry distribution package.

Fig. 6-3 LB schematic diagrams of a micro-nano bubble flotation column total slurry distribution package.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a LB micro-nano bubble flotation column section swirl jet micro-nano bubble generator.

FIG. 7-1 is a schematic diagram of a stand of a LB micro-nano bubble flotation column cyclone jet micro-nano bubble generator.

FIG. 7-2 is a schematic diagram of a LB micro-nano bubble flotation column nozzle.

Fig. 7-3 are schematic diagrams of LB micro-nano bubble flotation column throats.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a LB micro-nano bubble flotation column disperser.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a LB micro-nano bubble flotation column flow stabilizer.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a bubble-pushing launder of LB micro-nano bubble flotation column concentrate.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a spray device of an LB micro-nano bubble flotation column.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and fully described below to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the present invention and to make a clear and concise description of the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The invention provides LB micro-nano bubble flotation column equipment, if shown in figure 1, ore pulp enters a 0 slag pulp pump from an MD stirring barrel conveying pipe, a 1-1 total ore pulp distribution bag, a 2-1 valve, a 3-1 cyclone jet micro-nano bubble generator, a 4-1 conveying pipeline, a 5-1 flotation cell pile type bottom center disperser, a 6-1 cell body, a 7-1 flow stabilizing plate, an 8-1 concentrate launder, a 9-1 tailing box, a 10-1 flotation column supporting leg, a 6-1-3 flotation column bottommost coarse particle emission control valve (for preventing ore pulp sedimentation and tailing blockage emission) and other flotation columns;

the mineral flotation column 1-1 total ore pulp distribution package, 3-1 comprises a cyclone jet micro-nano bubble generator, a 5-1 flotation column bottom center disperser and a 9-1 tailing box;

wherein fig. 5-6 are side views of a first preferred embodiment of a total slurry distributor of an LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided in the present invention. In the first preferred embodiment, the pulp of the pulp distributor 1-1 is provided with one inlet 1-1-1, and the outlets 1-1-2 are circumferentially arranged along the side wall of the barrel body in one circle, and the number of the pulp outlets 1-1-2 is 6 in each circle, and the total number of the pulp outlets is 6. Thus, in the first preferred embodiment, the number of swirl injection nozzles 3-1 and the linking transfer pipes 4-1 and the number of pulp flotation columns 6-1 are also 6.

Fig. 6-2 is a side view of a second preferred embodiment of a total slurry distributor for an LB micro-nano bubble flotation column in accordance with the present invention. In a second preferred embodiment, the pulp of the total pulp distributor 1-1 is provided with one inlet 1-1-1, and the outlets 1-1-2 are circumferentially arranged along the side wall of the cylinder body in two circles, and each circle is provided with 6 pulp outlets 1-1-2, which are 12 in total. Thus, in the second preferred embodiment, the number of swirl injection nozzles 3-1 and the linking transfer pipes 4-1 and the number of pulp flotation columns 6-1 are also 12.

Fig. 6-3 are side views of a third preferred embodiment of a total slurry distributor for an LB micro-nano bubble flotation column in accordance with the present invention. In a third preferred embodiment, the slurry inlet 1-1-1 and the slurry outlet 1-1-2 of the total slurry distributor 1-1 are circumferentially provided with three circles along the side wall of the cylinder, and each circle is provided with 8 slurry outlets 1-1-2, which are 24 in total. Thus, in the third preferred embodiment, the number of swirl injection nozzles 3-1 and the linking transfer pipes 4-1 and the number of pulp flotation columns 6-1 are also 24.

As shown in fig. 7, 7-1, 7-2 and 7-3, the swirl jet micro-nano bubble generator is in a pile-type tubular shape as shown in fig. 7, one end connected with the bubble generator is an ore pulp inlet nozzle 3-1-1, one end connected with a central disperser 5-1-1 at the bottom of a flotation column in fig. 8 is an ore pulp outlet horn-shaped throat 3-1-2, the inner pipe wall of the nozzle 3-1-1 is contracted from the open end to the middle, the inner pipe wall is provided with a guide wire thread, the reverse outlet end of the right horn-shaped mouth of the inner pipe wall of the horn-shaped throat is outwards expanded towards the central shaft, the nozzle and the throat spiral line are coaxially arranged at the same center, a negative pressure air suction pipe 3-1-3 is vertically arranged at the junction of the throat 3-1-2 and the nozzle 3-1-1, a pipe 3-1-5 is assembled in an L-type bidirectional manner, and an intelligent digital negative pressure meter and an air suction control switch are arranged at the upper pipe 3-1-4;

When ore pulp enters a swirl jet micro-nano generator, the ore pulp is mineralized in a generator 'medicament atomization+solid-liquid-gas' mixing chamber through a medicament atomization inlet of a Y-shaped tube 3-1-5 at the top end of an air suction tube and vacuum negative pressure air suction, and a horn-shaped throat jet spiral micro-nano bubble ore pulp outlet; the generator device is external, and ores are fed from the bottom, so that energy consumption is saved.

The column disperser shown in figure 8 comprises a cylinder pulp inlet 5-1-1, wherein the side wall of the cylinder 5-1-2 is in a polygonal column shape, the bottom of the cylinder 5-1-3 is in an inverted polygonal pyramid shape, and the tail end of the bottom of the tank 5-1-3 is provided with a coarse particle tailing discharge valve 6-1-3; a pulp disperser 5-1 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the cylinder; the upper part of the cylinder is provided with a porous steady flow plate 7-1 shown in figure 9, the upper edge of the cylinder is provided with a concentrate bubble pushing groove discharge outlet 8-2 shown in figure 10, and the outer edge of the cylinder is provided with a liquid level control tailing box device 9-1;

the slurry disperser 5-1 of FIG. 8 is composed of a 12 polygonal bottom plate 5-1-3 and a 12 polygonal column 5-1-2, the diameter of the 12 polygonal bottom plate 5-1-3 is smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the position where the tank pile 6-1 is fixed (the distance between the two fixed positions is 60 mm), and the diameter of the 12 polygonal column 5-1 is smaller than the diameter of the 12 polygonal bottom plate 5-1-3; the side wall of the polygonal column 5-1-2 is uniformly provided with a plurality of circular holes 5-1-2 which are obliquely arranged.

The pulp stirring barrel MD is connected to the inlet end of a pulp pump 0 through a conveying pipeline, the outlet end of the pulp pump 0 is connected to the pulp inlet 1-1-1 at the bottom of the 1-1 total pulp distributor through a conveying pipeline, each pulp outlet 1-1-2 is connected to a rotational flow jet micro-nano generator 3-1 through a conveying pipeline, and the rotational flow jet micro-nano generator 3-1 passes through the pulp disperser 5-1 through a conveying pipeline 4-1.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for spraying clear water into a first preferred embodiment of the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column according to the present invention. A spraying device is arranged on the top of the LB flotation column at a height of 1.5 m, the spraying water pressure is 0.12cm/s, and the flotation concentrate foam is discharged into a concentrate tank after being washed by the spraying water. Fig. 11 shows a spray water arrangement, which comprises a tank body 1, an inner overflow groove 2, a middle overflow groove 3 and an outer overflow groove 4 are sequentially arranged at the top of the tank body 1 from inside to outside, a concentrate outlet 5 is arranged at the bottom of the outer overflow groove 4, a water tray support 6 is arranged at the top of the outer overflow groove 3, an annular inner water tray 7, a middle water tray 8 and an outer water tray 9 are sequentially arranged on the water tray support 6 from inside to outside, the outer water tray 9 is correspondingly arranged in an area between the outer overflow groove 4 and the middle overflow groove 3, the middle water tray 8 is correspondingly arranged in an area between the middle overflow groove 3 and the inner overflow groove 2, the inner water tray 7 is correspondingly arranged in an inner area of the inner overflow groove 3, and a plurality of spray holes are respectively formed in the inner water tray 7, the middle water tray 8 and the outer water tray 9.

In the embodiment, the total height of the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column 6-1 is 6 meters, the diameter is 5 meters, the height of the pile part is 1.2 meters, the height of the tank body is 4.8 meters, and a porous current stabilizer 7-1 is arranged at the position of 2/1 of the height of the tank body.

In this embodiment, the number of pulp outlets of the pulp plural distributors is 6, corresponding to 6 LB micro-nano bubble flotation columns.

The ore pulp stirring and flotation equipment provided by the invention mainly solves the following technical problems:

1. in flotation of a flotation column, the size of the bubbles is the largest factor affecting the flotation effect, and the smaller and at best the larger the bubbles are, the larger the collision probability with ore particles is, and the more favorable the separation of fine-grained minerals is. Besides the traditional compressed air type, high-pressure gas dissolving method, electrolytic method and the like, and methods combining various modes are studied. The invention changes the internal inflation type into the external vacuum negative pressure suction type, replaces the original multipoint inflation type by a one-column one-nozzle type, improves the flotation efficiency of the flotation column with the vacuum negative pressure suction rate more than or equal to 65 percent.

2. The flow stabilizer with the ordered drilling is arranged, the aperture is small outside and the center is large, the pulp flow state in the flotation column is improved, the problems of 'turn over', 'channeling' and the like which are commonly caused by the industrial flotation column are overcome, an ideal 'plug flow' flow state is formed, and the static stability of pulp in the column, the uniformity of bubble dispersion and the like are improved.

And 3. An LB micro-nano bubble flotation column is designed to be a new mineralization collision mode to replace a trapping area in a conventional high column, so that mineralization and static separation conditions of a low column high turbulence disperser are realized.

4. Various collision mineralization mechanisms are adopted, a mathematical model is established, and theoretical and practical basis is provided for deep understanding of the flotation process of the flotation column and industrial production of the flotation column.

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column can overcome the defects of the existing flotation column; according to the theory related to the action of bubbles and particles in a flotation column, if high-efficiency flotation of the flotation column is to be achieved, it is required that micro-bubbles are generated as much as possible at a large apparent aeration rate. Since the bubble size, apparent aeration rate and feed rate are interrelated, a low apparent aeration rate and relatively small throughput must be used to produce small bubbles. This contradiction has restricted the research of efficient flotation columns, and has become an important problem to be solved in most current research of flotation columns.

The invention relates to a design of an LB micro-nano bubble flotation column, which is unique in bubble generation mode, based on the gas generation principle of a bubble generator of the existing flotation column, in the flotation process of the existing numerous flotation columns, the size of bubbles, apparent inflation rate and feeding rate are mutually related, so that the ideal high apparent inflation rate and the efficient flotation state of micro-bubbles cannot be achieved, and a novel LB micro-nano bubble flotation column is developed by utilizing the principle of rotational flow jet micro-nano bubble mineralization. The device replaces the bubble generation modes such as pressure dissolution, jet flow and the like of the traditional flotation column with a 'complex rotational flow jet micro-nano bubble generator flotation column', and has the characteristics of small bubble diameter, good stability, easy control of bubble quantity and the like. In particular model flotation, the size of the generated bubbles is irrelevant to the apparent aeration rate and the feeding rate, and the size of the bubbles can be directly controlled by adjusting the negative pressure suction amount. Thus well solving the problem that micro-nano bubble level cannot be obtained under the conditions of high apparent aeration rate and high treatment capacity commonly existing in a plurality of flotation columns at present.

The unique LB micro-nano bubble flotation column structure has the advantages that the complex rotational flow jet micro-nano bubble generator device is external, ore is fed from the bottom, and energy consumption is saved; microbubbles generated by solid, liquid and gas are symmetrically fed with ore pulp at the bottom of a main column, a high turbulence disperser device is arranged at the bottom of the main column, bubbles and ore pulp are in a narrow space, and a suspected baffle plate of the ore pulp turbulence disperser is arranged at the center of the bottom of the main tank, so that on one hand, the size of the bubbles is reduced, the collision probability between mineral particles and bubbles is increased, and on the other hand, the specific surface area and the surface energy of the micro-nano bubbles are large, and the selectivity of the micro-nano bubbles is higher than that of common bubbles. Micro-nano bubbles are bubbles in nature, but can be similar to flotation agents in nature, and are bubbles with a diameter at the micro-nano level, i.e., microbubbles; in nature, it is a highly dispersed, relatively stable gaseous substance present at the micro-nano level with the ability to modulate the interactions between particles and bubbles, its promotion results from "micro-nano bubble bridging capillary forces" generated during micro-nano bubble aggregation, analogous to flotation agents which can modulate the interfacial properties of mineral particles by adsorption to mineral surfaces, their promotion results from agents acting against surfaces, mainly including chemical forces (covalent, coordinate), hydrogen bonding, electrostatic forces, hydrophobic association forces, molecular bonds, etc.; and mineralized foam naturally floats to the top of the main column to form a concentrate foam layer. The upper part of the main tank is provided with the flow stabilizing net, and the pipe wall is open, so that the impact of upward ore flow on concentrate foam can be fully reduced, and the stabilization of a foam layer and the secondary enrichment of concentrate are facilitated. In the secondary tank, a small amount of mineralized foam in ore pulp continuously floats, and meanwhile, a small amount of micro-nano bubbles brought along with ore flow continuously collide with ore particles in the floating process, mineralize and float upwards, and concentrate flows out from an overflow port. Tailings are discharged from the secondary column tailings box.

Example 2

In this study, the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided in example 1 was used to explore a micro-nano bubble generator in the process of generating and evolving foam, a micro-nano bubble generator geometry modeling laboratory rotational flow flotation cell, and a gas-liquid two-phase model application using CFD-PBM model. And (3) obtaining numerical flow simulation, size distribution and motion evolution process of bubbles in the generator when the water flow rate is 6.5 m/s.

(1) After entering the flotation column from the suction pipe, the gas mainly moves along the center of the pipe. After moving to the static mixing zone, most of the gas still collects in the center of the pipe and a small amount of gas moves slowly towards the wall. When approaching the outlet a large amount of gas starts to move towards the wall, which means that the gas is mainly distributed on the wall of the outlet.

(2) The sucked gas generates a huge bubble in the center of the tube. In contrast, the bubble size on the tube wall is smaller. As the bubbles move to the outlet, the bubble size on the wall increases. The crushing efficiency is higher than the coalescing efficiency, and the bubble breaking is the main process. The relatively large bubbles in the center are broken up into small bubbles and then move to the periphery of the tube. Thereafter, the small bubbles coalesce to form relatively larger bubbles, which predominate in bubble aggregation. The average diameter of the generated bubbles gradually increased from about 30 μm to 110 μm, and the growth rate of the bubbles increased from section 2 to section 4 was particularly prominent. Further, the minimum diameter of the bubbles is about 0.99 μm.

The study was the first stage of this type of column study and subsequent studies on mineralized bubbles will be performed.

Example 3

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided in the embodiment 1-2 is adopted, and the double-excellent technology and equipment of potential flotation and LB micro-nano bubble flotation column of Wang Dingzuo yard are adopted, so that the worldwide difficult problems that the micro-fine cassiterite has poor floatability, is difficult to separate from the easy-to-float gangue, and the interference of micro-mud and sulfide on cassiterite flotation is serious are solved; the economic benefit is obvious: the annual yield increase value is 1600 ten thousand yuan, and the profit is 1000 ten thousand yuan.

Project micro-particle grade tin index Table 1

Product(s)	Yield of products	Tin grade	Tin recovery
				Coarse and coarse	25.00	0.071	7.26
Sulfide 1	5.60	0.21	4.81
				Sulfide 2	0.68	0.71	1.97
Tin concentrate 1	0.21	51.06	43.86
				Tin concentrate 2	0.66	15.19	32.91
Tailings	67.85	0.063	9.19
				Accumulation of	100.00	0.24	100.00

Under the condition of low tin-containing grade in ore feeding, a certain tin recovery rate is ensured, and the enrichment ratio of the final concentrate is more than 200 times.

Example 4

The experimental research of LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by 1-3 is adopted, and old leads of biological metallurgy national engineering laboratories Song Yongsheng, li Bin, cheng Yu and the like of Beijing nonferrous metal research institute are adopted to research the flotation behavior of fine-particle pyrite single minerals with the particle size of-19 micrometers accounting for 86.88 percent in a bubble generator flotation column. The specification of the bubble generator flotation column used in the test is 320mm multiplied by 250mm multiplied by 500mm, the height of a baffle plate is 15cm, and the flow rate of ore pulp is 1.87m ³ /h; the pump pressure of the slurry is 0.45MPa, and the aeration rate is 0.60m ³ And/s, wherein the diameter of pulp bubbles is more than or equal to 0.99 mu m, the collecting agent is butyl xanthate, and the foaming agent is 24 oil. The test results show that the advantages of the flotation column for recovering fine pyrite are mainly in the size range of above 3 microns, and when the pyrite particle size is less than 3 microns, the flotation effect is poor, both in the flotation column and in the flotation machine.

Example 5

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided in examples 1-4 is used for titanium flotation test of ilmenite with fine Panzhihua size, and is suitable for flotation tailings in titanium separation plants. After 72 hours of industrial tests, good indexes of 48.55% of concentrate grade, 3.83% of tailing grade, 4.57% of yield, 32.26% of actual recovery rate and 101.06 yuan per ton of concentrate are obtained when the ore feeding grade is 6.55%.

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention has the remarkable characteristics of high recovery rate, high enrichment ratio, high sorting speed and the like. Under the condition of poor, impurity and wide distribution of raw ore composition, the TiO can be prepared by only one coarse and one sweep three fine processes ₂ Flotation tailings with a grade lower than about 6.5% are classified to be more than 48%.

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention has strong adaptability to the grade fluctuation of raw ores. So long as the crude ore TiO is floated ₂ When the grade is controlled to be more than 4.3%, the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention can stably and well select qualified titanium concentrate products.

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention solves the problem that the valuable minerals with low grade cannot be effectively recovered in the existing titanium separation plant and the problem of recovering the flotation tailings again, and can furthest improve the resource utilization rate.

Example 6

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided in the embodiments 1-5 is adopted to carry out industrial production on the strong magnetic rough concentrate magnetizing roasting weak magnetic separation tailings and strong magnetic middling floating rare earth tailings of the steel-clad concentrating mill: and carrying out a full-flow flotation test of one roughing, three concentrating and one scavenging on the mixed flotation concentrate obtained by pre-decarbonizing and mixing flotation of the low-intensity magnetic separation tailings to obtain a high-grade rare earth concentrate product with the yield of 3.87%, the REO grade of 65.72% and the recovery rate of 20.15%.

The products in the floating rare earth tailing tank are subjected to a full-flow flotation test of one roughing and four fine selection to recover niobium minerals, and the yield is finally 62.16 percent ₂ O ₅ A niobium concentrate product with a grade of 0.57% and a recovery of 51.06%.

Example 7

The industrial production results of lead and zinc tailing separation factories of dam division companies of Beijing binlong mining company by using the LB micro-nano bubble flotation columns provided in examples 1-6 prove that:

The technological process and the reagent system of the conventional reagent are adopted to sort the lead zinc ore flotation tailing pulp of the Gansu silver company factory dam by using an LB flotation column, and the industrial test obtains good indexes: the quality of the lead-zinc concentrate is 39.21 percent, the metal recovery rate reaches 50.65 percent, and the production profit can be 4068 ten thousand yuan in a year.

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column equipment runs stably and reliably, and is simple and convenient to operate (the main operation is only to adjust the liquid level of ore pulp through a flotation flashboard); the negative pressure air suction amount is large, and sufficient air quantity can be generated to increase the combining opportunity of minerals and foam, so that the flotation of the minerals is facilitated; the thickness and the area of the foam layer are much larger than those of a common flotation machine, so that the high enrichment ratio and the high recovery rate are ensured.

And the single-tank separation of the dam ore zinc raw ore by using the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column can improve the operation recovery rate by about 40 percent compared with a common jet flow flotation machine.

The product analysis result and the raw ore fraction analysis show that the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column effectively recovers coarse particles and fine particles in the tailings.

From the above embodiment, the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided by the invention has excellent performance in recycling of low-grade coarse particle and fine particle embedded minerals and reduction of the magnesia content of concentrate.

Example 8

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column provided in the examples 1-7 is adopted for the re-selection industrial test of the gold, sichuan copper and nickel tailings, the scale is 2000 tons/day, a coarse process flow and a medicament system of a conventional medicament are adopted, the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column is adopted for the re-selection industrial test of the Gansu gold, sichuan copper and nickel tailings, and when the ore feeding grade is 0.23% and the copper grade is 0.16, the obtained nickel concentrate grade is 3.87% and the copper grade is 0.92%, and good indexes are obtained for the ore feeding recovery rate of 19.76% and the copper recovery rate of 9.12%.

The recycling of the tailings can not only improve the ecological environment problem caused by the piling of the tailings, but also expand the resource utilization range. In addition, the recovery of metals in the tailings can bring huge economic benefit, 31000 tons of tailings are treated daily, and the annual production is calculated for 330 days, more than 4010 tons of nickel can be produced annually according to the assessment index of the project, and only one nickel is recovered from the tailings, namely the annual production increase value is about 8 hundred million yuan.

The result shows that the experimental experiment of the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column of the industrial equipment is the biggest difference from the general flotation column in that the bubble generator of the column is a cyclone jet micro-nano bubble generator. The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column mainly comprises a shell, a conical nozzle and a horn-shaped throat pipe, wherein the inner side wall of the shell is provided with a guide line, the guide line is coaxial and the same direction, an L bidirectional negative pressure suction collecting pipe and a top Y-shaped negative pressure suction pipe are arranged at the upper end of the suction pipe formed by a negative pressure atomization medicament inlet and a suction mixing chamber, a negative pressure meter and a control valve are arranged at the upper end of the suction pipe, ore pulp firstly generates uniform saturated rotational flow motion in the conical nozzle and the horn-shaped throat pipe, the vacuum negative pressure suction quantity is increased, the ore pulp is micromineralized in the mixing chamber of the generator, then jet flow spiral motion is generated through the jet pipe and is sprayed into a suspected baffle plate of a distributor in a groove, on one hand, the size of the bubbles is reduced, the collision probability between mineral particles and the bubbles is increased, and on the other hand, the specific surface area of the micro-nano bubbles is large, the surface energy is high, and the selectivity is higher than that of common bubbles. The mixing and the action of the flotation atomizing medicament reinforcing liquid and gas phases are more sufficient, and the effect is improved.

Regarding LB micro-nano bubble flotation columns, the influence of micro-nano bubbles on a mineral flotation system also draws attention of some scholars, and research focuses on the flotation application stage of micro-nano bubbles on micro-particle minerals and natural hydrophobic minerals; the research on the influence mechanism of micro-nano bubbles in a complex micro-particle-level mineral particle flotation system is concentrated in the aspect of micro-bubble flotation, on one hand, the micro-nano bubbles reduce the size of bubbles, increase the collision probability between mineral particles and bubbles, and on the other hand, the micro-nano bubbles have large specific surface area, high surface energy and higher selectivity than common bubbles. Micro-nano bubbles are bubbles in nature, but can be similar to flotation agents in nature, and are bubbles with a diameter at the micro-nano level, i.e., microbubbles; it is a highly dispersed, relatively stable gaseous substance present at the micro-nano level with the ability to tailor the promotion of particle-particle and particle-bubble interactions, which is derived from the "micro-nano strain bubble bridge capillary forces" generated during micro-nano bubble aggregation, which are analogous to flotation agents that can modulate the interfacial properties of mineral particles by adsorption to mineral surfaces, and their promotion is derived from agents with surfaces forces, mainly including chemical (covalent, coordinate), hydrogen bonding, electrostatic forces, hydrophobic association forces, molecular bonds, and the like. Thus, in the future interactions on the interfacial properties of the ore particles are to be regulated by micro-nano bubbles during the flotation of fine-grained minerals.

Theoretical studies and industrial experiments have demonstrated that there are two main ideas for improving the flotation of fine-grained minerals: firstly, selectively agglomerating fine-grained minerals to increase the granularity of the to-be-beneficiated matters; secondly, the size of bubbles is reduced by technical means, and the collision efficiency of bubbles and the micro-fine particle minerals is increased. At its root, both are processes of strengthening the interaction between minerals and bubbles, and two of the key processes involved are particle-particle agglomeration and particle-bubble collision adhesion.

Therefore, in theory, the separation efficiency of the fine-grained minerals can be improved by controlling the interaction process between grains and bubbles through technical means. The capillary force of the bubble bridge of the micro-nano strain generated by micro-nano bubbles is the root of long-range hydrophobic effect.

According to EDLVO theory, hydrophobic interactions play a dominant role in particle-particle and hydrophobic particle-bubble interactions. Therefore, in theory, by introducing micro-nano bubbles, inter-grain processes can be utilized, on the one hand, and micro-nano bubbles can be utilized to be strong, on the other hand.

The micro-nano bubbles have remarkable effects on the separation of the micro-fine particle minerals, can effectively improve the recovery rate of the minerals and reduce the dosage of medicaments, have great research significance in the aspects of mineral separation in theory and practice, become a main research direction for the separation of the micro-fine particle minerals in the future, but simultaneously have a plurality of problems such as the action mechanism of micro-nano bubble bridges in the micro-fine particle flotation and the like, and further deep research is needed. The application of micro-nano bubbles in micro-particle mineral flotation can not only improve the recovery rate of minerals and economic benefit and realize reasonable utilization of resources, but also be beneficial to sustainable development and environmental management in China and has great significance in relieving resource shortage.

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column has the following main advantages:

1) The method creates a proper micro-nano bubble and particle dynamic collision and bubble and particle combination static separation environment, has the advantages of large enrichment ratio, high recovery rate and low operation cost, and is particularly suitable for treating micro-particle grade and easy to automatically control and enlarge. The thickness, the size, the number and the like of the foam layers are intelligently adjusted by the tailing tank gate and the air suction pipe of the bubble generator;

2) The flotation speed is high, the efficiency is high, the operation times are reduced, the flotation process is simplified, the flotation operation times (the number of sections) can be reduced, and the combined process can be replaced;

3) The method has the advantages that hydrophilic particles are inhibited effectively, high-concentration flotation can be realized for fine fraction, and the enrichment ratio is large;

4) The steady turbulent flow movement between the ore particles and the bubbles in the tank reduces the rising speed of the bubble group and improves the air utilization rate and the unit processing capacity of the equipment. The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column is more suitable for recycling fine minerals;

5) The dosage of the reagent is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, the installation power of the flotation column is only less than 65% of that of the flotation machine, and the production cost is saved due to no moving parts; the operation is simple, and the required personnel are few;

6) The equipment is simple, the occupied area is small, and the capital investment is saved;

7) The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column can be used for online replacement of vulnerable parts under the condition of no ore stopping, key parts such as a bubble generator and the like adopt wear-resistant materials such as ceramics or silicon carbide and the like, and can be used for a long time without blocking;

8) Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

The novel cyclone jet micro-nano bubble generator with the inner guide line is used for generating a large number of micro-nano bubbles from self-air suction, fully mineralizing and completing the principles of the generator as shown in figures 7, 7-1 and 7-2; 7-3.

The column fully utilizes the principle of a slurry pump, ore pulp is coaxially and concentrically co-directionally ejected from a circular pile nozzle and a diversion line in a horn-shaped throat, rotational flow is ejected to roll and suck air in a mixing chamber, negative pressure air in the mixing chamber of a generator is increased to continuously enter the mixing chamber through a suction pipe, the air in the mixing chamber is crushed into micro bubbles under the action of strong turbulence in the throat, and the micro bubbles are fully saturated and mineralized.

The jet flow principle is fully utilized in the fluid mechanics analysis, the phase change in the real gas occurs in the bubble generator, a strong turbulent flow field is formed in the throat, and the fluid ejected from the nozzle is changed into a disperse phase in the throat first and then into a continuous phase in the diffusion section.

The gas sucked in the liquid-gas relative motion section is continuous in the throat pipe, and then a large number of critical-size microbubbles are generated in the diffusion section due to the rising and dispersion of the pressure. Meanwhile, the restriction of the throat tube leads the ore pulp to be a narrow beam, so that the combination of micro bubbles and hydrophobic minerals is enhanced.

The internal flow of the device is liquid, gas and solid three-phase flow, and the key problems are that:

(1) The length of the relative motion section of mineralized liquid and gas is determined by 1 the length of the throat pipe and 2 the optimal size,

(2) Ratio dZ/d of throat diameter dZ to nozzle diameter dl: and throat length l: diameter d of throat: the determination of the ratio is made,

(3) The flow and pressure of the pulp emitted from the nozzle affect mineralization.

The problem of fluid mechanics in mineral separation is ubiquitous, the combination of fluid mechanics and mineral separation is studied deeply, and the method is beneficial to the development of mineral separation. The rotational flow in the rotational flow injection and a bubble generator for generating cavitation micro-nano are typical application of hydrodynamic theory, and the problems of hydrodynamic in the mineral separation are as follows:

(1) The flow state is different according to the specific application, and relates to laminar flow or turbulence and the flow stability problem in the rotation vibration thereof;

(2) The flow is multiphase flow, and relates to liquid, gas and solid and interaction thereof;

(3) The sedimentation stability and the rule of solid materials with different specific weights in a gravity field in a fluid medium are fully utilized;

(4) Most of the separation devices adopt the characteristics of a rotational flow force field and rotational flow, and the centrifugal force is utilized to strengthen the separation capacity;

(5) The formation and control of bubbles, the structure of the bubble generator is important:

(1) The flow field flow state mostly relates to turbulent flow, the internal flow of the ore dressing machine is not completely clear due to the complexity of the self mechanism of the turbulent flow, and the research on the internal flow mechanism of the ore dressing machine is enhanced by combining with the research on the turbulent flow, so that the development of the ore dressing machine is facilitated, and the progress of the research on the turbulent flow and the combination of the progress of the research on the turbulent flow with the engineering reality can be promoted;

(2) Besides the method which combines the turbulence mode and the experiment and is only possible to depend on, the limitation of the computing capacity can be broken through, and the existing turbulence numerical simulation method such as a direct numerical simulation method is used for solving the problem of the internal flow field of the ore dressing machine;

(3) The experimental measurement method is fully utilized, and advanced experimental means such as CFD, LDV, PIV and other technologies are used for carrying out experimental study on the internal flow field of the mineral separation equipment, so that the development of mineral separation mechanical study can be promoted;

(4) In the research of mineral separation machinery, the latest achievements of turbulence research, particularly the latest research achievements of turbulence structure and control thereof can be fully utilized, so that the technical progress of mineral separation machinery research can be promoted, for example, the control method of a large-scale coherent structure in a jet boundary layer can be utilized to enhance the mixing efficiency in a bubble generator, improve the generation speed of bubbles and develop more efficient mineral separation machinery equipment.

(5) The invention relates to an application of a concentrate push bubble tank, which solves the problems that a mechanical flotation machine adopts mechanical stirring to scrape bubbles and a flotation column concentrate tank is blocked or runs out of the tank to waste resources.

Claims

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column is characterized by comprising a slurry pump, a conveying pipeline, a total slurry distribution bag, a micro-nano bubble generator, a column slurry disperser, a slurry stabilizer, a concentrate pushing bubble tank and a tailing control box;

wherein, the column is fed by a slurry pump power source, the mode of feeding a plurality of slurry pump power sources of a universal conventional mechanical stirring and self-suction flotation machine is changed, and the effective volume of the column is less than or equal to 2400m3; the main ore pulp distribution package is the core of the large-scale equipment and is provided with an air fatigue eliminator, and the bottom of the ore pulp distribution package is provided with an ore pulp inlet, an N pipe outlet, N dispersers, an ore pulp flow stabilizer, a concentrate bubbling launder, a tailing lifting gate, an intelligent control box, a clear water spraying device and the like;

The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column comprises a slurry pump as a power source and is provided with an intelligent digital flowmeter, an intelligent digital manometer-linked cyclone jet micro-nano bubble generator is arranged in slurry input, and 1-12 concentric guide lines, preferably 2-6 concentric guide lines, are arranged on the inner sides of a pile-up nozzle and a horn-shaped throat in the generator;

wherein, the water supply amount is 0.139m ³ Per s, the suction quantity of the nozzle and the negative pressure pipe of the throat pipe of the bubble generator with spiral line under the condition of flow rate is 0.0159m ³ Negative pressure tube suction quantity 0.0120m of/s ratio ordinary bubble generator without spiral line ³ /s≥30％；

Wherein the bubble generator has phase change in real gas, and the minimum pressure of the generator negative pressure air suction pipe is from minus 5.82434e+07pa to minus 2.17378e+06pa; dv/v0.663518 to 64.5555; pulp flow 0.139m ³ S, vortex through pressure opening, boundary conditions: static pressure air suction; inlet flow/outlet flow = 0.420253 to 0.389962.

Wherein, the negative pressure air suction pipe of the stand of the cyclone ejector generator is an L-shaped bidirectional collecting pipe, an intelligent digital negative pressure meter and a valve control are arranged on the air suction pipe, the top end of the negative pressure air suction pipe is a Y-shaped pipe, the first pipe of the negative pressure air suction pipe is a flotation agent atomization inlet, the second pipe of the negative pressure air suction pipe is vacuum negative pressure air suction, the arbitrary generator is a solid-liquid-gas mixing chamber, and a horn-shaped venturi jet flow spiral ore pulp outlet;

Wherein, the micro-nano bubble generator is provided with a computer intelligent digital pressure gauge, control valves are arranged at both ends of an inlet and an outlet, and the floatation column is maintained without stopping machine and production when working;

the ore pulp high disperser with the equalizing holes of the tank body optimizes ore pulp micro-nano bubbles;

wherein, the steady flow plate is drilled (the specific row rule of small outer cylinder aperture and large central aperture is uniformly distributed), the aperture range is 3mm-35mm, preferably 8mm-20mm; the steady flow plate is fixed at two fifths of the height of the flotation tank body, and steady flow ore pulp is statically mineralized and the concentrate liquid level is stable; after optimizing the ore pulp micro-nano bubbles through a column disperser, slowly flowing upwards, enabling ore particles to collide with the bubbles in a turbulent flow in a column, enabling the ore particles to be attached to the useful minerals on the micro-nano bubbles, floating up to a foam area of a foam pushing groove of the groove body, and enabling concentrate to flow out of the foam groove after secondary enrichment. The unmineralized mineral particles are discharged through the tailing pipe of the tailing box along with the mineral flow direction ore pulp pipe. The height of the pulp liquid level and the thickness of the foam layer are increased or decreased by a gate of the tailing tank of the intelligent control system, so as to carry out intelligent liquid level adjustment;

wherein, the tailing box gate controls the pulp liquid level of the flotation column and discharges tailings, and is provided with a circulating pipeline and a discharging pipeline, when no pulp source exists in a short time, the flotation system does not need to stop production, and the pulp of the flotation system circulates automatically; the valve control for discharging coarse particle ore pulp is arranged at the bottommost part of the center of the flotation tank, so that coarse particle tailings are prevented from being deposited in the flotation column and blocking tailings discharge;

Wherein, spray equipment is arranged at the top end of the LB micro-nano bubble flotation column body with the height of 1.5 meters, the spray water pressure is 0.12cm/s, and the flotation concentrate foam layer is discharged into a concentrate tank after being washed by the spray water.
2. An LB micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claim 1, wherein the slurry concentration of the slurry pump is 5-65 degrees, the slurry pressure of the cyclone jet micro-nano bubble generator is 0.20kg/MPa-0.80kg/MPa, and optimally 0.3kg/MPa-0.6kg/MPa.
3. The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column of claims 1-2, wherein the shrinkage angle of the bubble generator is 22.5 °, the expansion angle is 7.5 °, the inner side of the nozzle is provided with a deflector of 90 ° to 180 °, the best 120 °, the ratio of the diameter of the nozzle outlet to the diameter of the inlet throat is 1:1.6, the best 1:1.25, the distance between the nozzle outlet and the inlet throat is more than 100mm, the best 30mm-70mm, and the outlet end of the nozzle pipe passes through the position of the 'half' of the center line of the diameter of the negative pressure suction pipe of the stand of the swirl jet generator.
4. A bubble generator for LB micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the diameter of the flotation column and the diameter of the swirl jet generator are 20 to 15:1 to 1.5, optimally 18.75:1.
5. The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column of claims 1-4, wherein the pulp is concentrically led to a nozzle of the swirl jet micro-nano bubble generator and a coaxial inlet with a diversion line in a throat, and the micro-nano bubbles are generated to meet higher surface free energy under the action of a column center pulp disperser, a pulp stabilizer and a concentrate bubble pushing tank, so that the surface activity is higher, the rising speed is slower, the pulp is more easily attached to particles of useful minerals, the pulp serves as a secondary collector of the particles, the surface hydrophobicity of the pulp is increased, and the flotation is activated by promoting the attachment of large bubbles and the particles.
6. The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claims 1-5, wherein the tank concentrate bubble pushing tank can be of the same column type; the distance outlet-to-face ratio of the foam pushing launder is 2/1, and the foam pushing inclination angle of the launder is 1-90 degrees; preferably 3 deg. -30 deg..
7. The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column of claims 1-6, wherein the micro-nano bubble generator is based on bubble aggregation and small bubbles are combined to form relatively larger bubbles when the flow rate reaches 6.5 m/s. The average diameter of the generated bubbles gradually increased from about 30 μm to 110 μm, and the growth rate of the bubbles increased from section 2 to section 4 was particularly prominent. Further, the minimum diameter of the bubbles is about 0.99 μm.
8. The LB micro-nano bubble flotation column according to claims 1-7, wherein the device can be any type; the polygon is convenient to process and install in situ in a mining area, and the difficulty in transporting a large-diameter flotation column is avoided.