CN113499861A - Coarse particle flotation equipment and method with turbulent flow and steady flow being fluidized cooperatively - Google Patents
Coarse particle flotation equipment and method with turbulent flow and steady flow being fluidized cooperatively Download PDFInfo
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- CN113499861A CN113499861A CN202110566332.6A CN202110566332A CN113499861A CN 113499861 A CN113499861 A CN 113499861A CN 202110566332 A CN202110566332 A CN 202110566332A CN 113499861 A CN113499861 A CN 113499861A
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- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/1418—Flotation machines using centrifugal forces
- B03D1/1425—Flotation machines using centrifugal forces air-sparged hydrocyclones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses coarse particle flotation equipment and a coarse particle flotation method based on turbulence and steady flow collaborative fluidization, and aims to solve the problem of poor coarse particle flotation effect of the existing flotation equipment. For this reason, the coarse grain flotation equipment that this application provided, including the flotation cylinder, be equipped with the raw ore feeding pipe in the upper portion of flotation cylinder, supreme tailing underflow groove district, whirl mineralization district and the static separation zone of divideing into in the flotation cylinder from bottom to top in proper order, be equipped with a plurality of slopes inwards on the lateral wall in whirl mineralization district and upwards set up, and with the aqueous vapor mixture jet pipe of the inner chamber intercommunication of flotation cylinder, it is a plurality of the injection direction of aqueous vapor mixture jet pipe with the axis of flotation cylinder is along clockwise or anticlockwise distribution for the center, be equipped with the single rotation direction stationary flow that is used for reducing rivers torrent degree between whirl mineralization district and the static separation zone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral flotation, and particularly relates to coarse particle flotation equipment and a coarse particle flotation method with turbulent flow and steady flow co-fluidization.
Background
The core process of flotation is the collision, adhesion and target mineral particle collection of air bubble-particle under appropriate physical, chemical and hydrodynamic conditions. The recovery of minerals in flotation depends on two factors, hydrodynamic conditions within the flotation equipment and the interfacial chemistry of particle-bubble interactions. However, the conventional mechanical agitation type flotation machine is difficult to recover coarse mineral particles, and the main reason is that the impeller in the mechanical agitation type flotation machine rotates at a high speed to cause strong turbulent motion of ore pulp, so that the adhesion of particles and bubbles is hindered, and the bubbles fall off.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide coarse particle flotation equipment and a coarse particle flotation method based on cyclone and damping coupled fluidization, and aims to solve the problem that the coarse particle flotation effect of the existing flotation equipment is poor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a torrent and stationary flow are coarse grain flotation equipment of fluidization in coordination, includes the flotation cylinder, be equipped with the raw ore feeding pipe in the upper portion of flotation cylinder, supreme tailing underflow groove district, whirl mineralization district and the static separation zone of divideing into in proper order in the flotation cylinder from bottom to top, be equipped with a plurality of slopes upwards set up inwards on the lateral wall in whirl mineralization district, and with the aqueous vapor mixing jet pipe of the inner chamber intercommunication of flotation cylinder, it is a plurality of the injection direction of aqueous vapor mixing jet pipe with the axis of flotation cylinder is clockwise or anticlockwise distribution along the center, be equipped with the single rotation direction stationary flow spare that is used for reducing the rivers torrentiality between whirl mineralization district and the static separation zone.
Specifically, the single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece comprises a disc body which is communicated up and down and partition plates which are radially arranged in the disc body to divide the disc body into a plurality of fan-shaped areas, each fan-shaped area is internally provided with a plurality of guide flow channels which are communicated with the rotational flow mineralization area and the static separation area and are obliquely arranged through the guide flow stabilizing plates, and the water outlet direction of each fan-shaped area is clockwise or anticlockwise distributed by taking the axis of the flotation column as the center and is opposite to the spraying direction of the water-gas mixed jet pipe.
Specifically, the tray body is divided into four sector areas by four partition plates, the guide flow stabilizing plates of the sector areas are sequentially and vertically connected with the four partition plates in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction by taking the axis of the flotation column as a center, and the included angle between each guide flow channel and the axis of the flotation column is controlled to be 15-20 degrees.
Specifically, the rotational flow mineralization area is in a conical shape with a large upper part and a small lower part.
Specifically, the cone angle of the rotational flow mineralization area (6) is controlled to be 20-30 degrees, the included angle between the axis of the water-gas mixed jet pipe and the horizontal plane is controlled to be 10-15 degrees, and the included angle between the first tangent line and the first projection line is controlled to be 55-65 degrees; wherein,
the horizontal plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotational flow mineralization area, the first projection line is a projection of the axis of the water-gas mixed jet pipe on the horizontal plane, the first tangent line is a first intersection point and a tangent line tangent to an excircle contour line of the projection of the rotational flow mineralization area on the horizontal plane, and the first intersection point is an intersection point of the first projection line and the excircle contour line.
Specifically, the bottom end of the raw ore feeding pipe is connected with a raw ore feeding distributor.
Specifically, the top of the flotation column is provided with a concentrate overflow trough, and the concentrate overflow trough is provided with a concentrate discharge pipe.
Specifically, the tailing underflow groove area is the back taper, the bottom in tailing underflow groove area is equipped with the tailing and arranges the material pipe, the tailing is arranged and is equipped with the ore discharge solenoid valve on the material pipe, be equipped with pressure sensor in the tailing underflow groove, pressure sensor and ore discharge solenoid valve all with pressure sensing control box is connected.
The water-air mixing, air-emptying and foaming system comprises a water supply part, an air supply part and a water-air mixing and foaming device;
the water supply part comprises a water storage tank, a water inlet ball valve, a water supply variable frequency pump and a liquid flowmeter which are sequentially connected through a water pipe, and the air supply part comprises an air compressor, an air inlet valve, an air storage tank, an air flow regulating valve, an air flowmeter and a pressure gauge which are sequentially connected through an air pipe;
the water pipe and the air pipe are communicated with the water-air mixing foaming device, the water-air mixing foaming device is communicated with the water-air mixing ring pipe, and the plurality of water-air mixing jet pipes are uniformly distributed on the inner ring side of the water-air mixing ring pipe and are communicated with the water-air mixing ring pipe.
A coarse particle flotation method using turbulent flow and steady flow co-fluidization, wherein the coarse particle flotation device is used for flotation, and comprises the following steps:
the water flow rich in bubbles and with certain flow velocity and pressure passes through the water-gas mixed jet pipe and is fed into a rotational flow mineralization area of the flotation column in a vortex turbulence manner to form a rotational flow centrifugal force field, and after the turbulence degree of the water flow is reduced by the single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece, uniform ascending water flow is formed in a static separation area of the flotation column;
after water and bubbles are filled in the flotation column and stabilized, mineralized and uniformly mixed raw ore pulp is fed into the flotation column from a raw ore feeding pipe, slowly descends along the whole section of the flotation column, and gradually forms a mineral particle bed layer in the flotation column;
the raw ore pulp from top to bottom continuously descends to a rotational flow mineralization area, strong turbulence is generated under the action of a rotational flow centrifugal force field, particles in the ore pulp efficiently collide and adhere to bubbles to form gas-liquid-solid three-phase ore pulp, the bubbles from bottom to top and ascending water flow form a stable gas-liquid composite fluidized bed layer in a static separation area of a flotation cylinder after passing through a single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece, coarse mineral particles in the gas-liquid composite fluidized bed layer react with the bubbles and the ascending water flow, finally target minerals continuously ascend through buoyancy of the bubbles and vertical lift force of the ascending water flow to overflow the flotation cylinder to form concentrate, and gangue minerals sink in the flotation cylinder and finally are discharged through an underflow groove area to form tailings.
Compared with the prior art, at least one embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece and the water-gas mixed jet pipe arranged on the flotation column can realize the coupling of end flow and steady flow in flotation equipment, the end flow is converted into static ascending water flow, and coarse particles with different particle sizes are in a suspension state by adjusting the water inlet flow of the water-gas mixed jet pipe; the air inflow of the water-air mixed jet pipe is adjusted, the air content of liquid is controlled, the turbulence degree is controlled, bubbles are uniformly distributed in ascending liquid flow, a composite fluidized bed layer with end flow and steady flow cooperating with fluidization is formed, the ascending liquid flow can be generated under the action of the composite fluidized bed layer, an upward fluidized bed with strong thrust is formed, and the flotation recovery of coarse mineral particles is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coarse particle flotation device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the connection between the water-gas mixing ring pipe and the water-gas mixing jet pipe according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a single-turn guide flow stabilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of a single-turn guide flow stabilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: 1. a raw ore feed pipe; 2. a raw ore feed distributor; 3. a concentrate overflow launder; 4. a concentrate discharge pipe; 5. a static separation zone; 6. a rotational flow mineralization zone; 7. a single-turn guide flow stabilizer; 701. a tray body; 702. a partition plate; 703. a guide flow stabilizing plate; 704. a guide flow channel; 8. a tailings underflow groove zone; 9. a tailing discharging pipe; 10. a water-gas mixed jet pipe; 11. a mine discharging electromagnetic valve; 12. a pressure sensor; 13. a pressure sensing control box; 14. a water-gas mixing foamer; 15. a pressure gauge; 16. a gas flow meter; 17. a gas flow regulating valve; 18. a gas storage tank; 19. an intake valve; 20. an air compressor; 21. a water storage tank; 22. a water inlet ball valve; 23. a water supply variable frequency pump; 24. a liquid flow meter; 25. and a water-gas mixing ring pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the coarse particle flotation equipment with turbulence and steady flow cooperated with fluidization comprises a flotation column body, wherein a raw ore feeding pipe 1 is arranged in the upper part of the flotation column body, a concentrate overflow groove 3 is arranged at the top, a concentrate discharging pipe 4 is arranged at the bottom of the concentrate overflow groove 3, a tailing discharging pipe 9 is arranged at the bottom of a tailing underflow groove area 8, a tailing discharging electromagnetic valve 11 is arranged on the tailing discharging pipe 9, a pressure sensor 12 is arranged in the tailing underflow groove, and the pressure sensor 12 and the tailing discharging electromagnetic valve 11 are both connected with a pressure sensing control box 13.
Specifically, the flotation column is internally divided into a tailing underflow groove area 8, a rotational flow mineralization area 6 and a static separation area 5 from bottom to top in sequence, the side wall of the rotational flow mineralization area 6 is provided with a plurality of water-gas mixed jet pipes 10 which are arranged in an inward inclined manner and communicated with the inner cavity of the flotation column, the spraying directions of the water-gas mixed jet pipes 10 are distributed clockwise (or anticlockwise of course) by taking the axis of the flotation column as the center, and the rotational flow mineralization area 6 and the static separation area 5 are separated by a single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece 7 for reducing the turbulence degree of water flow.
Referring to fig. 1, the flotation process using the coarse particle flotation device described above is as follows:
the water flow which is rich in bubbles and has certain flow velocity and pressure is fed into a rotational flow mineralization area 6 of the flotation column body in a vortex turbulent flow shape through a water-gas mixed jet pipe 10 to form a rotational flow centrifugal force field, and after the turbulence degree of the water flow is reduced through a single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece 7, uniform ascending water flow is formed in a static separation area 5 of the flotation column body;
after water and bubbles are filled in the flotation column and stabilized, mineralized and uniformly mixed raw ore pulp is fed into the flotation column from a raw ore feeding pipe 1 and slowly descends along the whole section of the flotation column, and a mineral particle bed layer is gradually formed in the flotation column;
the raw ore pulp from top to bottom continuously descends to a rotational flow mineralization area 6, strong turbulence is generated under the action of a rotational flow centrifugal force field, particles in the ore pulp efficiently collide and adhere to bubbles to form gas-liquid-solid three-phase ore pulp, the bubbles from bottom to top and ascending water flow form a stable gas-liquid composite fluidized bed layer in a static separation area 5 of a flotation cylinder after passing through a single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece 7, coarse ore particles in the gas-liquid composite fluidized bed layer react with the bubbles and the ascending water flow, finally target minerals continuously ascend through buoyancy force of the bubbles and vertical lifting force of the ascending water flow and then overflow the flotation cylinder to form concentrate, and gangue minerals sink in the flotation cylinder and finally are discharged through a tailing underflow groove area 8 to form tailings.
In this embodiment, the single-rotation guide flow stabilizer 7 and the water-gas mixed jet pipe 10 arranged on the flotation column can realize end flow and steady flow coupling in the flotation equipment, the end flow is converted into static ascending water flow, and coarse particles with different particle sizes are in a suspension state by adjusting the water inlet flow of the water-gas mixed jet pipe 10; the air inflow of the water-air mixed jet pipe 10 is adjusted, the air content of the liquid is controlled, the turbulence degree is controlled, bubbles are uniformly distributed in ascending liquid flow, a composite fluidized bed layer with end flow and steady flow in cooperation with flowing and flowing is formed, meanwhile, the ascending liquid flow can be generated, an upward fluidized bed with strong thrust is formed, and the flotation recovery of coarse mineral particles is realized.
In the embodiment, on one hand, the rotational flow mineralization area 6 forms a rotational flow by rotational flow feeding, provides rotational flow force field scavenging, and improves the recovery rate through the enhanced separation effect of a centrifugal force field; on the other hand, water and bubbles are fed together, so that the buoyancy of mineral particles is effectively increased, the pulp turbulence intensity is increased under the action of a centrifugal force field, the collision probability of the particles and the bubbles is improved, the mineral particles and the bubbles are subjected to rotational flow mineralization, turbulent flow collision and static separation are realized when the mineralized mineral particles pass through the single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece 7, large internal vortexes are eliminated, the static separation is realized after the mineralized mineral particles enter the cylindrical barrel, and the recovery capacity of coarse-fraction minerals and fine-fraction minerals difficult to float is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, specifically, in the practical design, the single-rotation guide flow stabilizer 7 includes a disk 701 penetrating up and down and partition plates 702 radially disposed in the disk 701 to partition the disk 701 into a plurality of sectors, each sector is partitioned into a plurality of guide flow channels 704 which are obliquely disposed and communicated with the rotational flow mineralization region 6 and the static separation region 5 by the guide flow stabilizer 703, and the water outlet direction of each sector is counterclockwise distributed around the axis of the flotation column, that is, is disposed in the direction opposite to the spraying direction of the plurality of water-gas mixed jet pipes 10.
In this embodiment, the water outlet direction of each sector is arranged in a direction opposite to the injection direction of the plurality of water-gas mixed jet pipes 10, so that mineralized mineral particles can not only eliminate large internal vortexes through the guide flow stabilizing plate 703 to play a role in stabilizing flow and realize static separation after entering the cylindrical barrel, but also can collide with bubbles violently when being guided to the flow stabilizing member 7 through single rotation, so that the mineralized mineral particles can be suitable for the ore pulp environmental conditions of coarse particle flotation and contribute to forming a fluidized bed layer.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, specifically, the tray body 701 is divided into four sector areas by four partition plates 702, the guide flow stabilizing plates 703 of each sector area are sequentially and vertically connected with the four partition plates 702 in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction with the axis of the flotation column as the center, the included angle δ between the guide flow channel 704 and the axis of the flotation column is controlled to be 15-20 °, the radial distance D between the two guide flow stabilizing plates 703 is 0.2 times of the radius of the cylindrical barrel, and the cylindrical barrel refers to the corresponding areas of the rotational flow mineralization area 6 and the static separation area 5.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in practical application, the rotational flow mineralization area 6 is in a conical shape with a large top and a small bottom, and the centrifugal force of the rotational flow force field of the rotational flow mineralization area 6 is gradually smaller from bottom to top, so that the design has the advantage that the ore pulp turbulence degree output by the rotational flow mineralization area 6 is relatively small on the premise that the mineral particles and bubbles can generate strong turbulent flow collision, and the static separation of the mineral particles is utilized.
In the specific design application, the cone angle of the rotational flow mineralization area 6 is controlled to be 20-30 degrees, the included angle alpha between the axis of the water-gas mixed jet pipe 10 and the horizontal plane is controlled to be 10-15 degrees, and the included angle beta between the first tangent line and the first projection line is controlled to be 55-65 degrees; the horizontal plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotational flow mineralization area 6, the first projection line is a projection of the axis of the water-gas mixed jet pipe 10 on the horizontal plane, the first tangent line is a first intersection point and a tangent line tangent to the excircle contour line of the projection of the rotational flow mineralization area 6 on the horizontal plane, and the first intersection point is an intersection point of the first projection line and the excircle contour line.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the flotation equipment further includes a water-air mixing and air-forming system, the water-air mixing and air-forming system includes a water supply portion, an air supply portion and a water-air mixing and foaming device 14, the water supply portion includes a water storage tank 21, a water inlet ball valve 22, a water supply variable frequency pump 23 and a liquid flow meter 24 which are sequentially connected by a water pipe, the air supply portion includes an air compressor 20, an air inlet valve 19, an air storage tank 18, an air flow regulating valve 17, a gas flow meter 16 and a pressure gauge 15 which are sequentially connected by an air pipe, the water pipe and the air pipe are both communicated with the water-air mixing and foaming device 14, the water-air mixing and foaming device 25 is communicated with the water-air mixing loop pipe 25, and a plurality of water-air mixing jet pipes 10 are uniformly distributed on an inner ring side of the water-air mixing loop pipe 25 and are communicated with the water-air mixing loop pipe 25.
In this embodiment, the opening frequency of the variable frequency pump can be controlled according to the value displayed by the liquid flowmeter 24, so as to adjust the water inflow rate of the water-gas mixing and foaming device 14, and the opening degree of the gas flow regulating valve 17 can be controlled according to the value displayed by the gas flowmeter 16 and the pressure gauge 15, so as to adjust the air inflow rate and the pressure of the water-gas mixing and foaming device 14.
Specifically, the tailing underflow groove area 8 is in an inverted cone shape, the cone angle is controlled to be 20-30 degrees, a pressure sensor 12 is arranged in the side wall and connected with a pressure sensing control box 13 and an ore discharge electromagnetic valve 11, when the pressure sensor 12 works, the pressure sensor 12 can monitor the pressure of tailing pulp in the tailing underflow groove in real time, the pressure sensing control box 13 controls the height of a fluidized bed layer through the numerical value of the pressure sensor 12, the opening degree of the ore discharge electromagnetic valve 11 is controlled through adjusting the pressure sensing control box 13, the inflow rate is adjusted through a liquid flowmeter 24, the inflow rate is adjusted through a gas flowmeter 16, and the separation effect is further adjusted and controlled.
Specifically, the bottom of the raw ore feeding pipe 1 is connected with a raw ore feeding distributor 2, the raw ore feeding distributor 2 is vertically arranged at the center of the flotation column body downwards, the static separation area 5 is cylindrical, the outer circumference of the upper part of the static separation area 5 is provided with a concentrate overflow groove 3, one side of the upper part is provided with the raw ore feeding pipe 1, a concentrate discharging pipe 4 is arranged on the bottom plate of the concentrate overflow groove 3, the bottom plate of the concentrate overflow groove 3 is lower than the top end opening of the static separation area 5, the bottom plate of the concentrate overflow groove 3 has a certain inclination angle, and the included angle between the bottom plate and the axis of the flotation column body is 50-80 degrees. The advantage of above-mentioned design lies in, can discharge the flotation concentrate granule fast, avoids the flotation concentrate granule to pile up in the concentrate overflow launder 3 and leads to blockking up, guarantees the stability of equipment work. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the overflowing of the floated ore pulp, the concentrate overflow groove 3 is provided with a cover plate, so that the ore pulp and the foam can be prevented from overflowing, and the working stability of coarse particle flotation equipment is ensured.
In this embodiment, after the equipment is filled with water vapor, the pre-mineralized and uniformly mixed ore slurry flows from the raw ore feeding pipe 1 to the raw ore feeding distributor 2, flows into the froth layer above the ore slurry surface in the flotation column through the raw ore feeding distributor 2, coarse-grained minerals are pre-sorted in the froth zone and gradually form a mineral particle bed layer in the static separation zone 5, bubbles in the static separation zone 5 continuously float upwards and are gathered to form a froth layer along with continuous flotation, and when the height of the froth layer exceeds the upper end surface of the flotation column, flotation concentrate in the froth layer overflows out of the flotation column and flows out of the concentrate discharge pipe 4 through the concentrate overflow groove 3.
Referring to fig. 1, a flotation method using a flotation apparatus includes the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: starting the air compressor 20, opening the air inlet valve 19 and inflating the air storage tank 18; and opening a water inlet ball valve 22, starting a water supply variable frequency pump 23, pumping the water into the water-gas mixing foamer 14 through the water supply variable frequency pump 23, and simultaneously adjusting a liquid flowmeter 24 on a pipeline between the water supply variable frequency pump 23 and the water-gas mixing foamer 14 to adjust the water inlet flow of the water-gas mixing foamer 14.
Step two: and opening a gas flow regulating valve 17 and a gas flowmeter 16 on a pipeline between a gas storage tank 18 and the water-gas mixed foaming gas inlet end, and further controlling the amount of gas entering the water-gas mixed bubble generator.
Step three: the water-gas mixture forms a jet flow with a certain speed in the water-gas mixing foaming device 14, the flow speed is increased rapidly due to the sudden reduction of the area of the middle channel of the water-gas mixing foaming device 14, the pressure in the fluid is reduced rapidly, air is sucked under the negative pressure generated under the action of the jet flow, and the air is crushed and mixed into the ore pulp mixture to form the melting air; the dissolved gas evolves to produce a large number of microbubbles and at the same time, an upward microbubble-rich water stream with a certain flow rate and pressure is formed.
Step four: the water flow rich in micro bubbles and with certain flow velocity and pressure is uniformly distributed to six water-gas mixed jet pipes 10 through a water-gas mixed ring pipe 25, and is fed into the middle lower part of the flotation equipment in a vortex turbulent flow shape at certain pressure along the side wall of the rotational flow mineralization area 6, and the pressurized water flow enters a flotation column shape and forms uniform ascending water flow in the flotation column body after passing through the single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece 7.
Step five: after the device is filled with water and bubbles and stabilized, the raw ore feeding device is started, mineralized and uniformly mixed raw ore is fed from the raw ore feeding pipe 1, the fed material is dispersed from the top of the column body of the flotation equipment through the raw ore feeding distributor 2, then enters the column body of the flotation equipment and slowly descends along the whole section of the column body, and a mineral particle bed layer is gradually formed in the column body.
And step six, controlling the opening of the ore discharge electromagnetic valve 11 by adjusting the pressure sensing control box 13, and further controlling the height of a mineral particle bed layer in the column body of the flotation equipment.
Step seven: the raw ore pulp from top to bottom continuously descends to the rotational flow mineralization area 6, and strong turbulence is generated under the action of a turbulent flow force field and single-rotation guide flow, so that gas-solid-liquid three-phase ore pulp is formed after particles in the ore pulp are efficiently collided and adhered with bubbles; the bubbles and ascending water flow form a stable gas-liquid composite fluidized bed layer in the flotation column from bottom to top; coarse-grained minerals, bubbles and ascending water flow act in the gas-liquid composite fluidized bed layer, finally, target minerals continuously ascend through buoyancy of the bubbles and vertical lifting force of the ascending water flow and then overflow the cylindrical barrel to enter the concentrate overflow groove 3 to become concentrate from the concentrate discharge pipe 4, and gangue minerals sink in the cylindrical barrel and finally are discharged from a tailing discharge port through a tailing underflow groove to become tailings.
Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Meanwhile, if the invention as described above discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated. Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A turbulent and stationary flow co-fluidized coarse particle flotation equipment comprises a flotation column, wherein a raw ore feeding pipe (1) is arranged in the upper part of the flotation column, and the equipment is characterized in that: the flotation column is internal from bottom to top to be divided into tailing underflow groove district (8), whirl mineralize mineralization district (6) and static separation district (5) in proper order, be equipped with a plurality of slopes upwards setting inwards on the lateral wall in whirl mineralize mineralization district (6), and with aqueous vapor mixing jet pipe (10) of flotation column's inner chamber intercommunication, it is a plurality of the injection direction of aqueous vapor mixing jet pipe (10) with the axis of flotation column distributes along clockwise or anticlockwise as the center, be equipped with between whirl mineralize mineralization district (6) and the static separation district (5) and be used for reducing single rotation direction stationary flow (7) of rivers torrential degree.
2. The coarse particle flotation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece (7) comprises a disc body (701) which is vertically communicated and partition plates (702) which are radially arranged in the disc body (701) to divide the disc body (701) into a plurality of sector areas, each sector area is internally provided with a plurality of communicated guide flow channels (704) which are obliquely arranged through guide flow stabilizing plates (703) and are communicated with the rotational flow mineralization area (6) and the static separation area (5), and the water outlet direction of each sector area is clockwise or anticlockwise distributed by taking the axis of the flotation column as the center and is opposite to the spraying direction of the water-gas mixed jet pipe (10).
3. The coarse particle flotation plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: the tray body (701) is divided into four sector areas by four partition plates (702), the guide flow stabilizing plates (703) of each sector area are sequentially and vertically connected with the four partition plates (702) in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction by taking the axis of the flotation column as a center, and the included angle between each guide flow channel (704) and the axis of the flotation column is controlled to be 15-20 degrees.
4. The coarse particle flotation plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotational flow mineralization area (6) is in a conical shape with a large upper part and a small lower part.
5. The coarse particle flotation plant according to claim 4, characterized in that: the cone angle of the rotational flow mineralization area (6) is controlled to be 20-30 degrees, the included angle between the axis of the water-gas mixed jet pipe (10) and the horizontal plane is controlled to be 10-15 degrees, and the included angle between the first tangent line and the first projection line is controlled to be 55-65 degrees; wherein,
the horizontal plane is a plane vertical to the axis of the rotational flow mineralization area (6), the first projection line is the projection of the axis of the water-gas mixed jet pipe (10) on the horizontal plane, the first tangent line is a first intersection point and a tangent line tangent to the excircle contour line of the projection of the rotational flow mineralization area (6) on the horizontal plane, and the first intersection point is the intersection point of the first projection line and the excircle contour line.
6. The coarse particle flotation plant according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the bottom end of the raw ore feeding pipe (1) is connected with a raw ore feeding distributor (2).
7. The coarse particle flotation plant according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the top of the flotation column body is provided with a concentrate overflow trough (3), and the concentrate overflow trough (3) is provided with a concentrate discharge pipe (4).
8. The coarse particle flotation plant according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: tailing underflow groove district (8) is the back taper, the bottom in tailing underflow groove district (8) is equipped with the tailing and arranges material pipe (9), the tailing is arranged and is equipped with ore discharge solenoid valve (11) on material pipe (9), be equipped with pressure sensor (12) in the tailing underflow groove, pressure sensor (12) and ore discharge solenoid valve (11) all with pressure sensing control box (13) are connected.
9. The coarse particle flotation plant according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the water-air mixing, air-emptying and foaming system comprises a water supply part, an air supply part and a water-air mixing and foaming device (14);
the water supply part comprises a water storage tank (21), a water inlet ball valve (22), a water supply variable frequency pump (23) and a liquid flowmeter (24) which are sequentially connected through a water pipe, and the air supply part comprises an air compressor (20), an air inlet valve (19), an air storage tank (18), an air flow regulating valve (17), an air flowmeter (16) and a pressure gauge (15) which are sequentially connected through an air pipe;
the water pipe and the air pipe are communicated with the water-air mixing foaming device (14), the water-air mixing foaming device (14) is communicated with the water-air mixing ring pipe (25), and the plurality of water-air mixing jet pipes (10) are uniformly distributed on the inner ring side of the water-air mixing ring pipe (25) and are communicated with the water-air mixing ring pipe (25).
10. A coarse particle flotation process using turbulent and stationary flow co-fluidized flotation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for flotation, comprising:
the bubble-rich water flow with certain flow velocity and pressure is fed into a rotational flow mineralization area (6) of the flotation column body in a vortex turbulent flow shape through a water-gas mixed jet pipe (10) to form a rotational flow centrifugal force field, and the water flow forms uniform ascending water flow in a static separation area (5) of the flotation column body after the turbulence degree of the water flow is reduced through a single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece (7);
after water and bubbles are filled in the flotation column and stabilized, mineralized and uniformly mixed raw ore pulp is fed into the flotation column from a raw ore feeding pipe (1), slowly descends along the whole section of the flotation column, and gradually forms a mineral particle bed layer in the flotation column;
the raw ore pulp from top to bottom continuously descends to a rotational flow mineralization area (6), strong turbulence is generated under the action of a rotational flow centrifugal force field, particles in the ore pulp efficiently collide and adhere to bubbles to form gas-liquid-solid three-phase ore pulp, the bubbles from bottom to top and ascending water flow form a stable gas-liquid composite fluidized bed layer in a static separation area (5) of a flotation cylinder after passing through a single-rotation guide flow stabilizing piece (7), coarse mineral particles in the gas-liquid composite fluidized bed layer react with the bubbles and the ascending water flow, finally target minerals continuously ascend through buoyancy of the bubbles and vertical lift of the ascending water flow to overflow the flotation cylinder to form concentrate, and gangue minerals sink in the flotation cylinder and are finally discharged through a tailing underflow groove area (8) to form tailings.
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