CN115212998A - Coarse grain sorting system and sorting method based on interference sedimentation - Google Patents
Coarse grain sorting system and sorting method based on interference sedimentation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019580 granularity Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/62—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type
- B03B5/66—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type of the hindered settling type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
Abstract
The invention discloses a coarse grain sorting system and a coarse grain sorting method based on interference settlement. The coarse grain materials are physically or chemically processed in a feeding device, the processed materials are uniformly fed into a coarse grain sorting device, and meanwhile, gas and water flow respectively provided by an aerating device and a water supply device form a stable gas-liquid mixture in a gas-liquid mixing device and are conveyed into the coarse grain sorting device; coarse particle materials are subjected to interaction forces such as self gravity, buoyancy of water, lifting force of bubbles and water flow, collision force among particles and the like in the sorting device to form a complex interference settling environment, and materials with different properties are sorted due to different motion states.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coarse grain material sorting, and particularly relates to a coarse grain sorting system based on interference settling.
Background
The separation system is widely applied to the fields of ore dressing, chemical industry and the like, and can separate according to the difference among the density, granularity and surface properties of raw materials so as to obtain a target product. The flotation method can be used for sorting the minerals with hydrophobic surfaces, the upper limit of the granularity of the floating minerals is generally 150 mu m, the highest grinding fineness can reach-74 mu m in the actual flotation process and accounts for more than 90 percent, and the over-grinding phenomenon is inevitably generated in the crushing and grinding process, so that the flotation process is deteriorated, and the energy consumption of the ore grinding and the ore dressing cost of enterprises are increased. The method can be used for sorting minerals with different densities and granularities by adopting a reselection method, the size grade of the selected minerals is generally 0.15-2mm, in the actual production process, the layering phenomenon is not obvious because the target minerals and the gangue minerals are not fully dissociated, and meanwhile, the minerals with larger particles have certain influence on layering, so that the sorting effect is poor.
At present, the existing coarse sorting equipment mainly has the following problems: the strength, the quantity and the size of the bubbles generated by the bubble generating device are unstable, and the water flow speed directly influences the bubble state; the phenomenon of insufficient and uneven distribution of bubbles in the separation tank has certain influence on the separation effect of coarse grains; the water flow has different ascending speeds in the same cross section of the separation groove, so that the ascending water flow is unevenly distributed in the formed fluidized bed layer; the fluidized bed layer has poor layering effect in the actual sorting process, and the fluidized states of the bed layer are distributed differently in the same cross section.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a coarse grain sorting system based on interference settling, which aims to improve the coarse grain sorting effect, solve the problem of uneven distribution of a gas-liquid mixture in a sorting tank in the sorting process, and obtain bubbles with controllable quantity, size and strength so as to meet the sorting requirements of coarse grain minerals of different size fractions.
A coarse grain sorting system based on interference sedimentation comprises an air charging device, a water supply device, a gas-liquid mixing device, a feeding device and a coarse grain sorting device.
The air charging device comprises an air inlet, an air storage tank, an airflow valve and an air flow meter, wherein the air inlet is arranged at the top of the air storage tank, the air storage tank is connected with the gas-liquid mixing device through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with the airflow valve and the air flow meter.
The water supply device comprises a water inlet, a water pump, a base, a liquid control valve and a liquid flowmeter, wherein the water inlet is connected with the water pump, the water pump is arranged on the base, the water pump is connected with the gas-liquid mixing device through a pipeline, and the liquid control valve and the liquid flowmeter are arranged on the pipeline of the water pump.
The gas-liquid mixing device is connected with the coarse grain sorting device through a four-way pipe.
The discharge port of the feeding device is arranged above the conical hopper, the conical hopper and the conical hopper are connected and matched, the discharge port of the conical hopper is arranged in the overflow chute, and the overflow chute covers the upper part of the coarse grain sorting device.
A coarse grain sorting method based on interference settling comprises the following steps: firstly, closing a bottom flow valve, opening a water pump, filling liquid into a columnar separation tank, and feeding a certain amount of coarse grain materials to be selected into the columnar separation tank through a feeding device to form a solid-liquid fluidized bed layer with a certain height so as to initially create an interference settling environment; after the fluidized bed is stabilized, opening an air flow meter, and adjusting to a proper scale to form a stable solid-liquid-gas three-phase fluidized bed; the coarse-grained materials treated by the chemical agents are uniformly fed into a columnar separation tank through a conical funnel; in the column separation tank, coarse grain material subsides against the current, receives buoyancy, the bubble adhesion that self gravity, water brought on the coarse grain surface, rivers to the lifting force of coarse grain material and the interact of the impact isoforce between the granule at this in-process, forms complicated interference and subsides the environment, and the motion of coarse grain material under this environment is shown: the sedimentation velocity of the coarse-grained materials is generally reduced due to the upward acting force, the probability of collision and adhesion of the coarse-grained materials and air bubbles is improved, the coarse-grained materials are easier to capture and enrich and enter an overflow tank along with ascending water flow to become target products, and the rest parts are further sorted in the fluidized bed; the three-phase fluidized bed is layered according to density gradually under the continuous impact of rising water flow, high-density and larger-particle materials are distributed on the lower layer, low-density and small-particle materials are distributed on the upper layer, a large number of rising bubbles are blocked to temporarily stay when passing through the fluidized bed with dynamic balance, and carry out secondary adhesion and collection with the materials with hydrophobic surfaces, when the rising force is greater than gravity, the materials enter an overflow groove along with the rising water flow, the recovery rate of products is increased, the rest of the materials stay in a corresponding bed layer, the materials are separated along with coarse particles continuously, the unwanted coarse particles are gradually settled and enter a underflow groove, the materials are discharged through an underflow valve, and the separation process is finished. Coarse grain materials are continuously fed into the columnar separation tank through the feeding device, products are collected in the overflow tank, the rest materials are discharged through the underflow valve, and the system can work continuously.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the field of ore dressing, the invention can be used for pre-polishing the tailing stage to pre-polish coarse gangue minerals, reduce the ore feeding amount of a mill, improve the ore grinding efficiency, greatly reduce the load of the subsequent process flow and the energy consumption of ore grinding, and save the ore dressing cost. In the field of chemical industry, the invention can separate coarse grain materials with different surface properties, and meanwhile, a gas-liquid mixture and ascending water flow in a separation system can accelerate the separation speed and the separation quality, thereby avoiding energy consumption loss caused by crushing the materials into fine particles.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coarse sorting unit in the sorting system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a gas-liquid mixing device in a sorting system;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the coarse sorting device;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of the bottom end of the cone-shaped funnel;
FIG. 6 is a schematic and partial enlarged view of a gas-liquid jet column;
in the figure: 1-conical funnel, 2-overflow trough, 3-product outlet, 4-column flotation trough, 5-gas-liquid jet column, 6-underflow trough, 7-annular buckle, 8-underflow valve, 9-sand settling pipeline, 10-feed inlet, 11-motor, 12-stirring barrel, 13-blade, 14-four-way pipe, 15-gas-liquid mixing device, 16-liquid control valve, 17-liquid flow meter, 18-base, 19-water pump, 20-water inlet, 21-air inlet 1, 22-air storage tank, 23-air flow valve, 24-air flow meter, 25-venturi tube, 26-air inlet 2, 27-nozzle, 28-bubble generation chamber, 29-static mixing stirring pipe, 30-annular bulge, 31-thread, 32-flow distribution plate and 33-micropore.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way, and any variations or modifications which are based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The system comprises an air charging device, a water supply device, a gas-liquid mixing device 15, a feeding device and a coarse grain sorting device; the air charging device comprises an air inlet 21, an air storage tank 22, an airflow valve 23 and an air flow meter 24, wherein the air inlet 21 is arranged at the top of the air storage tank 22, the air storage tank 22 is connected with the gas-liquid mixing device 15 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with the airflow valve 23 and the air flow meter 24.
The water supply device comprises a water inlet 20, a water pump 19, a base 18, a liquid control valve 16 and a liquid flow meter 17, wherein the water inlet 20 is connected with the water pump 19, the water pump 19 is arranged on the base 18, the water pump 19 is connected with the gas-liquid mixing device 15 through a pipeline, and the pipeline of the gas-liquid mixing device is provided with the liquid control valve 16 and the liquid flow meter 17.
The gas-liquid mixing device 15 is connected with the coarse grain sorting device through a four-way pipe 14;
the discharge port of the feeding device is arranged above the conical funnel 1, the feeding device and the conical funnel are in bearing fit, the discharge port of the conical funnel 1 is arranged in the overflow groove 2, and the overflow groove 2 covers the upper part of the coarse grain sorting device.
Gas-liquid mixing device 15 includes venturi 25, nozzle 27, air inlet 26, bubble generation chamber 28, static mixing agitator 29 and the protruding 30 of ring type, venturi 25's water outlet department set up nozzle 27, nozzle 27 intercommunication bubble generation chamber 28, bubble generation chamber 28 intercommunication air inlet 26, the exit linkage static mixing agitator 29 of bubble generation chamber 28, the protruding 30 setting of ring type is on venturi 25 inner wall, and its purpose is for preventing static mixing agitator 29 and venturi 25 inner wall from taking place to drop, can avoid follow-up pipeline to be blockked up by the static mixing agitator.
Feed device include feed inlet 10, motor 11, agitator 12 and blade 13, feed inlet 10 set up on agitator 12 outer wall, motor 11 connect blade 13, blade 13 set up in agitator 12, agitator 12 lower part set up the discharge gate, be connected to cone hopper 1 top through the pipeline.
The coarse grain sorting device comprises a columnar sorting groove 4, a gas-liquid spraying column 5 is vertically arranged in the columnar sorting groove 4, the gas-liquid spraying column 5 is communicated with a four-way pipe 14, the lower part of the columnar sorting groove 4 is an underflow groove 6, waste produced after sorting of materials is temporarily stored in the underflow groove 6 to wait for next ore discharge, a sand settling pipeline 9 is arranged at the bottom of the underflow groove 6, and a underflow valve 8 is arranged on the sand settling pipeline 9.
The bottom in the conical funnel 1 is provided with the splitter plate 32, the number of the splitter plates is 1-5, the splitter plates are vertically arranged or arranged at a certain angle with the ground, and the splitter plates are of a plane structure or a curved surface structure.
The orthographic projection of the underflow slot 6 is a cone or arc structure.
The invention relates to a coarse grain sorting method based on interference settling, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, closing a bottom flow valve 8, opening a water pump 19, filling liquid in a columnar separation tank 4, feeding a certain amount of coarse grain materials to be selected into the columnar separation tank 4 through a feeding device, and forming a solid-liquid fluidized bed layer with a certain height to initially create an interference settling environment; after the fluidized bed is stabilized, opening the air flow meter 24, and adjusting to a proper scale to form a stable solid-liquid-gas three-phase fluidized bed; the coarse-grained materials treated by the chemical agents are uniformly fed into a columnar separation tank 4 through a conical funnel 1; in column separation tank 4, the coarse grain material subsides against the current, receives buoyancy, the bubble adhesion that self gravity, water brought on the coarse grain surface, rivers to the lifting force of coarse grain material and the interact of the impact isoforce between the granule at this in-process, forms complicated interference and subsides the environment, and the motion performance of coarse grain material under this environment is: the sedimentation velocity of the coarse-grained materials is generally reduced due to the upward acting force, the probability of collision and adhesion of the coarse-grained materials and air bubbles is improved, the coarse-grained materials are easier to capture and enrich and enter an overflow tank along with ascending water flow to become target products, and the rest parts are further sorted in the fluidized bed; the three-phase fluidized bed is layered according to density gradually under the continuous impact of ascending water flow, materials with high density and larger particles are distributed in a lower layer, materials with low density and small particles are distributed in an upper layer, a large number of bubbles which continuously ascend are blocked to temporarily stay when passing through the fluidized bed with dynamic balance, and the bubbles and the materials with hydrophobic surfaces are secondarily adhered and collected, when the ascending force is larger than gravity, the bubbles enter an overflow groove along with the ascending water flow, the recovery rate of products is increased, the rest of the bubbles stay in a corresponding bed layer, the coarse particles are separated continuously along with the coarse particles, the unnecessary coarse particles are gradually settled and enter a underflow groove 6, the coarse particles are discharged through an underflow valve 8, and the separation process is finished.
Air, inert gas, oxygen can be used as the gas source according to the material properties and the test requirements.
Surfactants such as terpineol oil can be used to enhance the stability of the bubbles during the bubble generation process.
Example 2
A coarse grain sorting system based on interference sedimentation comprises an air charging device, a water supply device, a gas-liquid mixing device, a feeding device and a coarse grain sorting device (a core device), wherein the air charging device mainly comprises an air inlet 21, an air storage tank 22, an airflow valve 23 and an air flow meter 24; the water supply device consists of a water inlet 20, a water pump 19, a base 18, a liquid control valve 16 and a liquid flowmeter 17; the gas-liquid mixing device 15 consists of a Venturi tube 25, a nozzle 27, an air inlet 26, a bubble generating chamber 28, a static mixing stirrer 29 and an annular bulge 30, airflow and water flow provided by an aerating device and a water supply device are mixed into a gas-liquid mixture in the gas-liquid mixing device 15, the gas-liquid mixture is divided into 3 strands of fluid through a four-way pipe 14 and enters the columnar sorting tank 4 through the spraying column at the same time, at the moment, the pressure of the gas-liquid mixture in the fluidized bed is reduced sharply, so that gas is in a supersaturated state in the solution, at the moment, the gas dissolved in the liquid can be separated out in the fluidized bed in the form of micro-bubbles, and adsorb on the hydrophobic mineral surface, two kinds of modes of separating out through mechanical stirring and depressurization obtain that the bubble distributes in the sorting tank can be more even, the bubble size that the mechanical stirring produced is great, have higher adhesion performance to the coarse grain, and can carry the coarse grain smoothly and rise, and the microbubble that the depressurization was separated out all has better adhesion performance to the ore type material of compact intergrowth, the thin altogether associated coarse grain ore type material of disseminated granularity and fine fraction, the defect and the not enough of carrying this type of ore has compensatied big bubble, diversified bubble has more the adaptability to the coarse grain material of fraction scope broad and complexity. Coarse-grained materials enter a stirring barrel 13 at a feeding hole 10 and are treated by chemical agents in the stirring barrel so as to be sorted, and a certain amount of the treated coarse-grained materials are uniformly fed into a columnar sorting tank 4 through a conical funnel 1 and are used for forming a solid-liquid fluidized bed layer with a certain height so as to initially create an interference settling environment; after the fluidized bed is stabilized, opening the air flow meter 24, and adjusting to a proper scale to form a stable solid-liquid-gas three-phase fluidized bed; after a stable three-phase fluidized bed is formed, feeding is continued, coarse grain materials are subjected to countercurrent sedimentation in the columnar separation tank 4, and in the process, the coarse grain materials are subjected to the interaction of self gravity, buoyancy caused by water, buoyancy caused by adhesion of bubbles on the surfaces of coarse grains, lifting force of water flow on the coarse grain materials, impact force among grains and other forces, so that a complex interference sedimentation environment is formed, and the movement performance of the coarse grain materials under the environment is as follows: the sedimentation velocity of the coarse-grained materials is generally reduced due to the upward acting force, the probability of collision and adhesion of the coarse-grained materials and air bubbles is improved, the coarse-grained materials are easier to capture and enrich and enter the overflow groove 2 along with the ascending water flow, a target product is obtained through the product outlet 3, and the rest coarse-grained materials are further sorted in the fluidized bed; the three-phase fluidized bed carries out layering according to density gradually under the continuous impact of rising rivers, high density and the material distribution of great granule are in the lower floor, low density and little granule material distribution are in the upper strata, a large amount of bubbles that constantly rise receive to block when passing dynamic balance's fluidized bed and can carry out the short time and stop, and carry out secondary adhesion and collection with the hydrophobic material in surface, when the lift is greater than gravity, get into overflow launder 2 along with rising rivers and become the purpose product, increase the rate of recovery of product, final discarded material then subsides to end chute 6, and discharge through sand setting pipeline 9.
Claims (10)
1. A coarse grain sorting system based on interference sedimentation is characterized by comprising an air charging device, a water supply device, a gas-liquid mixing device (15), a feeding device and a coarse grain sorting device;
the air charging device comprises an air inlet (21), an air storage tank (22), an airflow valve (23) and an air flow meter (24), the air inlet (21) is arranged at the top of the air storage tank (22), the air storage tank (22) is connected with the gas-liquid mixing device (15) through a pipeline, and the airflow valve (23) and the air flow meter (24) are arranged on the pipeline;
the water supply device comprises a water inlet (20), a water pump (19), a liquid control valve (16) and a liquid flowmeter (17), the water inlet (20) is connected with the water pump (19), the water pump (19) is connected with the gas-liquid mixing device (15) through a pipeline, and the liquid control valve (16) and the liquid flowmeter (17) are arranged on the pipeline;
the gas-liquid mixing device (15) is connected with the coarse grain sorting device through a four-way pipe (14);
the discharge port of the feeding device is arranged above the conical funnel (1) and is matched with the conical funnel (1) in a bearing mode, the discharge port of the conical funnel (1) is arranged in the overflow groove (2), and the overflow groove (2) covers the upper portion of the coarse grain sorting device.
2. The coarse sorting system based on interference settling of claim 1, wherein the gas-liquid mixing device (15) comprises a venturi tube (25), a nozzle (27), an air inlet (26), a bubble generation chamber (28), a static mixing agitator (29) and a ring-shaped protrusion (30), the water outlet of the venturi tube (25) is provided with the nozzle (27), the nozzle (27) is communicated with the bubble generation chamber (28), the bubble generation chamber (28) is communicated with the air inlet (26), the outlet of the bubble generation chamber (28) is connected with the static mixing agitator (29), the ring-shaped protrusion (30) is arranged on the inner wall of the venturi tube (25) for preventing the static mixing agitator (29) and the inner wall of the venturi tube (25) from falling off.
3. The coarse sorting system based on interference settling of claim 1, wherein the feeding device comprises a feeding port (10), a motor (11), a stirring barrel (12) and a blade (13), the feeding port (10) is arranged on the outer wall of the stirring barrel (12), the motor (11) is connected with the blade (13), the blade (13) is arranged in the stirring barrel (12), and the lower part of the stirring barrel (12) is provided with a discharging port and is connected to the upper part of the conical hopper (1) through a pipeline.
4. The coarse sorting system based on interference settling according to claim 1, characterized in that the coarse sorting device comprises a cylindrical sorting tank (4), a gas-liquid jet column (5) is vertically arranged in the cylindrical sorting tank (4), the gas-liquid jet column (5) is communicated with a four-way pipe (14), the bottom of the cylindrical sorting tank (4) is an underflow tank (6), the bottom of the underflow tank (6) is provided with a sand settling pipeline (9), and the sand settling pipeline (9) is provided with an underflow valve (8).
5. Coarse particle sorting system based on interference settling according to claim 1, characterized in that the conical hopper (1) is provided with flow distribution plates (32) at the bottom in number of 1-5, the flow distribution plates are mounted vertically or at an angle to the ground, and the flow distribution plates are of a planar or curved structure.
6. A coarse sorting system based on interference settling according to claim 4, characterized in that the gas-liquid jet column (5) is evenly distributed with micropores (33), the micropores (33) being arranged at an angle to the horizontal.
7. A coarse sorting system based on interference settling according to claim 4, characterised in that the underflow chute (6) is orthographically of conical or curved configuration.
8. A coarse grain sorting method based on interference settling is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, closing a bottom flow valve (8), opening a water pump (19), filling liquid in a columnar sorting tank (4), and feeding a certain amount of coarse grain materials to be sorted into the columnar sorting tank (4) through a feeding device to form a solid-liquid fluidized bed layer with a certain height so as to initially create an interference settling environment; after the fluidized bed is stabilized, opening an air flow meter (24), and adjusting to a proper scale to form a stable solid-liquid-gas three-phase fluidized bed; the coarse-grained materials treated by the chemical agents are uniformly fed into a columnar separation tank (4) through a conical funnel (1); in column separation tank (4), the coarse grain material subsides against the current, receives buoyancy, the buoyancy of self gravity, water, bubble adhesion that brings on the coarse grain surface, rivers to the lifting force of coarse grain material and the interact of the impact isoforce between the granule at this in-process, forms complicated interference and subsides the environment, and the motion performance of coarse grain material under this environment does: the sedimentation velocity of the coarse-grained materials is generally reduced due to the upward acting force, the probability of collision and adhesion of the coarse-grained materials and air bubbles is improved, the coarse-grained materials are easier to capture and enrich and enter an overflow tank along with ascending water flow to become target products, and the rest parts are further sorted in the fluidized bed; the three-phase fluidized bed is layered according to density gradually under the continuous impact of rising water flow, materials with high density and larger particles are distributed on the lower layer, materials with low density and small particles are distributed on the upper layer, a large number of bubbles which rise continuously are blocked to stay for a short time when passing through the fluidized bed with dynamic balance, and the materials with hydrophobic surfaces are adhered and collected for the second time, when the rising force is larger than gravity, the materials enter an overflow groove along with the rising water flow, the recovery rate of products is increased, the rest of the materials stay in a corresponding bed layer, the materials are separated along with coarse particles continuously, the materials with the unnecessary coarse particles are gradually settled and enter a underflow groove (6), the materials are discharged through a underflow valve (8), and the separation process is finished.
9. Coarse sorting method based on interference settling according to claim 8, characterised in that air, inert gas, oxygen can be used as gas source depending on the material properties and the experimental requirements.
10. A method of size separation based on interference settling according to claim 8, where a surfactant such as terpineol is used to enhance the stability of the bubbles during bubble generation.
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