CN114304331A - Preparation method of astragalus membranaceus and Pu' er instant tea - Google Patents
Preparation method of astragalus membranaceus and Pu' er instant tea Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of astragalus mongholicus and Pu ' er instant tea, which comprises the steps of decocting astragalus mongholicus in water, concentrating and drying to obtain astragalus mongholicus powder, adding water into cooked Pu ' er tea, heating, refluxing and extracting, concentrating an extracting solution to 2 times of the mass of the cooked Pu ' er tea to obtain Pu ' er tea paste, mixing and drying the Pu ' er tea paste and the astragalus mongholicus powder according to the mass ratio of 50-60: 1 to obtain astragalus mongholicus and Pu ' er tea powder, and carrying out spray drying to obtain the astragalus mongholicus and Pu ' er instant tea. On the basis of endowing the medicinal value of the astragalus membranaceus in the Pu 'er tea, the original flavor of the Pu' er tea is kept, the prepared astragalus membranaceus Pu 'er instant tea is mellow in taste, clear and bright in color and luster, stable and controllable in product quality, and has the effects of reducing blood fat, improving immunity and resisting fatigue better than those of common astragalus membranaceus Pu' er tea.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tea drinks, relates to mixed substitutional tea, and particularly relates to a preparation method of health-care instant tea.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, the living standard and taste of people are improved continuously, and the health care product industry is developed to a certain extent according to the requirements of people.
The health care industry experts and the traditional Chinese medicine experts take the hands, the traditional Chinese medicine and the modern health theory are combined, the new tea making technology and the new process are adopted, various health care tea is developed, the health care tea is full of similar Lin and Lang in the market, and the health care tea taking the traditional Chinese herbal medicines as the main components is expected to become a new bright point in the market.
The health tea has wide market prospect in China, is still in the initial stage at present, and occupies relatively less share, so that the health tea has certain development space. But at the same time, the quality of the health-care tea products in China is not uniform, and some problems exist.
Most of the existing health-care tea production adopts simple processing technology, lacks of strict technological standard, has low level of mechanization and automation, is difficult to be completely consistent in different batches, has few deep-processed products and unstable product quality, and seriously influences the quality control of the products.
Astragalus is a rare and most common Chinese medicinal material, can tonify middle-jiao and Qi, warm and nourish spleen and stomach, and is best known as qi-tonifying medicines; the Pu' er tea has mild nature, warms stomach and does not hurt stomach. The astragalus mongholicus Pu' er tea has the most remarkable effects of tonifying qi and enhancing the immunity of a human body, and is a tea drink deeply favored by people.
The preparation method of the prior astragalus mongholicus Pu 'er tea is simple, and is prepared by directly spraying the astragalus mongholicus extract on the Pu' er tea in a spraying mode and drying. Although the preparation method of the astragalus Pu' er tea prepared by the process is simple, the spraying is not uniform, the products in different batches are difficult to be completely consistent, the quality difference is large, even the products in the same batch are not uniform, and the product quality cannot be well controlled. In addition, the astragalus Pu' er tea prepared by the process has the defects of poor color and luster, poor clarity and beany flavor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of astragalus mongholicus Pu 'er instant tea, which is used for preparing the astragalus mongholicus Pu' er tea with mellow taste, clear and bright color and stable and controllable product quality.
The preparation method of the astragalus mongholicus Pu' er instant tea comprises the following steps:
taking a radix astragali medicinal material, adding water with the mass 10-12 times of that of the radix astragali, soaking for 30min, decocting and extracting for 2-3 times, each time for 1-1.5 h, combining decoctions, filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure, drying, and crushing to obtain radix astragali powder;
taking cooked pu 'er tea, adding water which is 10-15 times of the mass of the cooked pu' er tea, heating to 55-75 ℃, carrying out reflux extraction for 2-3 times, extracting for 30-45 min each time, combining extracting solutions, filtering, and concentrating filtrate under reduced pressure to a volume which is 2 times of the mass of the cooked pu 'er tea to obtain pu' er tea paste;
mixing the Pu 'er tea paste and the astragalus powder according to the mass ratio of 50-60: 1, and drying to obtain astragalus Pu' er tea powder;
spray drying and granulating the astragalus Pu 'er tea powder to prepare the astragalus Pu' er instant tea.
Further, the spray drying granulation is preferably performed under the following process parameters: the material temperature is 65 ℃, the atomization pressure is 0.1Mpa, and the air quantity is 0.2m3Min, the liquid delivery volume is 3 ml/min.
Furthermore, the preparation method of the astragalus mongholicus Pu' er instant tea comprises the following steps:
taking radix astragali, adding water 12 times of radix astragali, soaking for 30min, decocting and extracting for 3 times, each time for 1 hr, mixing decoctions, filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure, drying, and pulverizing to obtain radix astragali powder;
taking cooked pu-er tea, adding water with the mass 10 times of that of the cooked pu-er tea, heating to 65 ℃, performing reflux extraction for 3 times, extracting for 30min each time, combining extracting solutions, filtering, and concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to a volume 2 times of that of the cooked pu-er tea to obtain pu-er tea paste;
mixing the Pu 'er tea paste and the astragalus powder according to the mass ratio of 50-60: 1, and drying to obtain astragalus Pu' er tea powder;
the material temperature of the astragalus Pu' er tea powder is 65 ℃, the atomization pressure is 0.1Mpa, and the air volume is 0.2m3And/min, carrying out spray drying granulation under the process condition of liquid delivery amount of 3ml/min, and preparing the astragalus mongholicus Pu' er instant tea.
According to the preparation method of the astragalus membranaceus and Pu ' er instant tea, the astragalus membranaceus powder is added when Pu ' er tea extract is concentrated into tea paste with the volume being 2 times that of the Pu ' er tea, so that astragalus membranaceus and Pu ' er tea can be fully and uniformly mixed, and the phenomenon of nonuniform granulation caused by directly mixing the Pu ' er tea powder and the astragalus membranaceus powder for spray granulation is avoided.
The astragalus mongholicus and Pu 'er instant tea prepared by the method does not damage the taste and color of Pu' er tea on the basis of endowing the Pu 'er tea with the astragalus mongholicus medicinal value, and well keeps the original fragrance of the Pu' er tea.
According to the invention, the astragalus membranaceus and Pu 'er tea extract are prepared into the astragalus membranaceus and Pu' er instant tea by adopting a scientific method, the astragalus membranaceus and Pu 'er tea is mellow in taste, clear and bright in color, superior to the common astragalus membranaceus and Pu' er tea in the effects of reducing blood fat, improving immunity and resisting fatigue, and the product quality is stable and controllable.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention so as to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
The names and abbreviations of the experimental methods, production processes, instruments and equipment involved in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are those commonly known in the art and are clearly and clearly understood in the relevant fields of use, and those skilled in the art can understand the conventional process steps and apply the corresponding equipment according to the names and perform the operations according to the conventional conditions or conditions suggested by the manufacturers.
The various starting materials or reagents used in the examples of the present invention and comparative examples are not particularly limited in their sources, and are all conventional products commercially available. They may also be prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1.
Adding 168ml of water into 14g of astragalus membranaceus, soaking for 30min, decocting for 1h, and collecting water decoction.
Decocting the residue twice, adding 168ml water each time, decocting for 1 hr, and collecting water decoctions respectively.
Mixing the 3 decoctions, filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure, drying, and pulverizing to obtain radix astragali powder.
Extracting cooked Pu her tea 50g with water at 65 deg.C for 3 times, adding water 500ml each time, and extracting for 30 min. Mixing the 3 times water extractive solutions, filtering, concentrating under reduced pressure to 100ml, adding the above prepared radix astragali powder, concentrating under reduced pressure, and drying to obtain radix astragali Pu her tea powder.
Carrying out spray granulation on the astragalus Pu' er tea powder, wherein the specific spray granulation process parameters are as follows: the material temperature is 65 ℃, the atomization pressure is 0.1Mpa, and the air quantity is 0.2m3And/min, and 3ml/min of water delivery to prepare the astragalus mongholicus Pu' er instant tea.
Comparative example 1.
Adding 168ml of water into 14g of astragalus membranaceus, soaking for 30min, decocting for 1h, and collecting water decoction.
Decocting the residue twice, adding 168ml water each time, decocting for 1 hr, and collecting water decoctions respectively.
Mixing the 3 water decoctions, filtering, and concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to 200ml to obtain radix astragali water decoction.
And (3) taking 50g of cooked Pu-er tea, spraying the prepared astragalus root water decoction on the cooked Pu-er tea for 5 times, drying the sprayed cooked Pu-er tea for 10h at 37 ℃ each time, and finally drying the sprayed cooked Pu-er tea for 48h at 37 ℃ until the sprayed cooked Pu-er tea is dry to prepare the astragalus root Pu-er raw tea.
Example 2.
Adding 276ml of water into 23g of astragalus membranaceus, soaking for 30min, decocting for 1h, and collecting water decoction.
Decocting the residue twice, adding 276ml of water each time, decocting for 1h, and collecting water decoctions respectively.
Mixing the 3 decoctions, filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure, drying, and pulverizing to obtain radix astragali powder.
Extracting 50g Pu her tea with water at 65 deg.C for 3 times, each time adding 500ml water, and extracting for 30 min. Mixing the 3 times water extractive solutions, filtering, concentrating under reduced pressure to 100ml, adding the above prepared radix astragali powder, concentrating under reduced pressure, and drying to obtain radix astragali Pu her tea powder.
Carrying out spray granulation on the astragalus Pu' er tea powder, wherein the specific spray granulation process parameters are as follows: the material temperature is 65 ℃, the atomization pressure is 0.1Mpa, and the air quantity is 0.2m3And/min, and 3ml/min of water delivery to prepare the astragalus mongholicus Pu' er instant tea.
Application example 1: sensory evaluation of the astragalus membranaceus Pu' er instant tea.
Taking the astragalus membranaceus Pu 'er instant tea prepared in the example 1 and the astragalus membranaceus Pu' er raw tea prepared in the comparative example 1, respectively scoring and counting 4 indexes of smell, color, transparency and taste, and evaluating sensory indexes of the two kinds of tea.
0.5g of each sample was soaked in 100ml of hot water at 80 ℃. The number of the appraised people is 40, and the appraised people are teachers and students of related specialties of the hospital, 20 men and 20 women.
The evaluation is carried out in a blind manner according to the evaluation standard shown in the table 1, and the post-processing data is summarized.
The sensory evaluation results in table 2 show that the astragalus membranaceus Pu 'er instant tea prepared by the method is superior to the astragalus membranaceus Pu' er original tea prepared by the traditional process in evaluation.
Application example 2: research on the immunoregulation effect of the astragalus membranaceus and Pu' er instant tea.
This study was conducted on a cyclophosphamide (Cy) -induced mouse immune reduction model.
80 Kunming mice are taken and randomly divided into 8 groups of normal control group, cyclophosphamide and astragalus mongholicus Pu 'er instant tea low, medium and high dose group, and cyclophosphamide and astragalus mongholicus Pu' er raw tea low, medium and high dose group, wherein each group comprises 10 mice.
Normal control group is injected with normal saline with equal volume in the abdominal cavity, and other experimental groups are injected with cyclophosphamide 50mg/kg in the abdominal cavity of each mouse for 2 days continuously to prepare the low immunity model.
After molding, 97.5, 195 and 390mg/kg of the astragalus mongholicus and Pu 'er instant tea in the embodiment 1 are respectively administrated by using low, medium and high dose components of cyclophosphamide and astragalus mongholicus and Pu' er instant tea, and gastric lavage is carried out for administration; the low, medium and high dosage components of cyclophosphamide and the astragalus Pu 'er raw tea are respectively administrated to 585, 1170 and 2340mg/kg of the astragalus Pu' er raw tea in the comparative example 1, and the stomach is perfused for administration; perfusing distilled water with equal volume in a normal control group and a cyclophosphamide group; and 10d in succession.
At 3d after the intragastric administration, except for the normal control group, the other groups are simultaneously subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 ml/sensitizing of 20% packed sheep red blood cells.
1h after the last administration, blood is taken from the fundus vein of the mouse, and serum is prepared and diluted by 500 times for later use.
Placing 1ml of diluted serum into a test tube, sequentially adding 0.5ml of sheep red blood cell of 5% (v/v) and 1ml of complement of 10%, placing the test tube in a thermostatic water bath at 37 ℃ for heat preservation for 30min, and then transferring the test tube to an ice bath to stop the reaction. Centrifuging at 1500r/min for 5min, collecting supernatant 1ml, adding Winzhi reagent 3ml, shaking, standing at room temperature for 10min, measuring absorbance at wavelength of 540nm and calculating half hemolysis value HC50And is used as an index for determining serum hemolysin.
By using SPSS statistical softwaretThe mean values between groups were compared for testing, significance levelP<0.05。
Note: compared with the normal control group,## Pless than 0.01; compared with the group of the cyclic phosphoramides,** Pless than 0.01; compared with the original astragalus and puer tea of the same grade,ΔΔ P<0.01。
compared with a normal control group, the hemolysis value of the mice in the cyclophosphamide group is obviously reduced by half (PLess than 0.01), the low, medium and high doses of cyclophosphamide and astragalus pu 'er instant tea and the low, medium and high doses of cyclophosphamide and astragalus pu' er raw tea can obviously improve half of hemolysis value of mice with low immunity (PLess than 0.01), and the astragalus root Pu 'er instant tea has better effect than the astragalus root Pu' er raw tea (P<0.01)。
Specific immunity is not inherent, but rather is the immunological competence developed during ontogeny following exposure to antigen, including humoral and cellular immunity. The generation of antibody is a part of humoral immunity, B lymphocyte is stimulated by antigen and then is differentiated and proliferated into plasma cell through a series of processes, and the plasma cell generates specific antibody to recognize, limit or kill pathogenic microorganism to form specific immunity, which is an important reaction for body to resist pathogenic microorganism infection.
Cyclophosphamide is a carcinogenic agent with multiple mechanisms of action, and as a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent, cyclophosphamide can reduce the number of lymphocytes and damage the humoral immune function and the cellular immune function of an organism.
The measurement of the level of hemolysin in serum is an experiment in which circulating antibodies in the serum of sensitized animals are incubated with an antigen (SRBC) in vitro, a hemolytic reaction is caused in the presence of complement, and the level of formation of antibodies in the hemolytic reaction is measured with a spectrophotometer. The measurement of serum hemolysin not only reflects the amount of antibody formation, but also suggests the ability to synthesize antibodies, which is an important index reflecting humoral immune function. The experimental result shows that the astragalus mongholicus and puer tea can improve the hemolysin level in the serum of mice with low immune function caused by cyclophosphamide and improve the humoral immune function of the mice with low immune function, and the effect of the astragalus mongholicus and puer tea is better than that of the astragalus mongholicus and puer tea.
Application example 3: research on the blood fat reducing effect of the astragalus and Pu' er instant tea.
Taking 90 SPF-grade healthy male Kunming mice, randomly dividing into blank groups, model groups, blood lipid recovery groups, high, medium and low dose groups of astragalus Pu 'er instant tea, and high, medium and low dose groups of astragalus Pu' er original tea, wherein each group comprises 10 mice.
Each group of mice was acclimated (25 + -2 deg.C, humidity 50% + -5%, 12h light/night alternation) for 7 d.
After 7 days, the model is built in the morning, except the blank group of mice are fed with normal feed, the other 8 groups are fed with high-fat feed (79.5 percent of basal feed, 10 percent of lard, 1 percent of cholesterol, 10 percent of cane sugar and 0.5 percent of sodium cholate), and the corresponding drugs are infused into the stomach in the afternoon for 40 days continuously.
Wherein the blood fat recovery group is administrated at 108 mg/kg; the high, medium and low dosage components of the astragalus Pu' er instant tea are respectively administrated with 97.5, 195 and 390mg/kg by intragastric administration; the high, medium and low dosage components of the astragalus Pu' er raw tea are respectively administrated by intragastric administration 585, 1170 and 2340 mg/kg.
After administration for 2h at 40d, fasting is carried out for 12h without water prohibition, the eyeball is removed, blood is taken, the plasma is kept stand for 30min at room temperature, after serum separation, the serum is obtained by centrifugation, and the serum is stored in a refrigerator at 0-4 ℃.
The serum contents of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, MDA and SOD were measured, and the results are shown in tables 4 and 5. The experimental results were obtained using the SPSS software,tthe mean values between groups were compared for testing, significance levelP<0.05。
Note: in comparison with the blank set, the results,## Pless than 0.01; compared with the blood fat recovery group,** P<0.01,* Pless than 0.05; compared with the original astragalus and puer tea of the same grade,ΔΔ P<0.01,Δ P<0.05。
note: in comparison with the blank set, the results,## Pless than 0.01; compared with the blood fat recovery group,** P<0.01,* Pless than 0.05; compared with the original astragalus and puer tea of the same grade,ΔΔ P<0.01,Δ P<0.05。
compared with the blank group, the serum of the model group mice has clear content of TC, TG and LDL-C, MDASignificantly increased HDL-C, SOD content (a)P< 0.01). Compared with the model group, the contents of TC, TG and LDL-C, MDA in serum of the blood fat recovery group, the low, medium and high dose group of the astragalus and Pu 'er instant tea and the high, medium and low dose group of the astragalus and Pu' er original tea are obviously reduced, and the content of HDL-C, SOD is obviously increased (P< 0.05 orP< 0.01). (the astragalus mongholicus Pu 'er instant tea has more obvious effect compared with the astragalus mongholicus Pu' er raw tea: (P< 0.05 orP<0.01)。
With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, hyperlipemia gradually becomes an important factor influencing physical and psychological health of human beings. Hyperlipidemia is mainly a dyslipidemia with high serum or TG level and/or low HDL-C level, and is one of the main risk factors for causing and aggravating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction and the like, wherein TC rise is a high risk factor for causing coronary arteriosclerosis; TG and LDL-C can damage vascular endothelium and are risk factors for myocardial infarction; HDL-C is beneficial to the body and can assist in the transport of cholesterol for metabolism into bile acids.
The oxygen free radicals of the mice with hyperlipidemia are increased greatly, lipid peroxidation caused by the increased oxygen free radicals generates a large amount of MDA, the MDA is one of the most important degradation products of the lipid peroxidation of organisms, has a certain damage effect on cell membranes, can interfere the oxidative degradation of fatty acid, enables fat to be accumulated in the liver, detects the MDA content in the serum of the mice, and can reflect the degree of the cell membranes in animals damaged by the oxygen free radicals. SOD is an important antioxidant enzyme system in animals, can resist lipid peroxidation and harm of intermediate metabolites to organisms, is an important enzyme for removing oxygen free radicals, and the level of SOD can well reflect the capability of an active agent of the antioxidant enzyme in the animals to remove the oxygen free radicals.
The astragalus membranaceus and puer instant tea and the astragalus membranaceus and puer raw tea can remarkably reduce the content of TC, TG and LDL-C in serum of a hyperlipemia model mouse, remarkably improve the content of HDL-C, simultaneously can increase the activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and reduce the content of MDA (multidrug dehydrogenase), and correct the metabolic disorder of free radicals in the hyperlipemia mouse, thereby restoring the dynamic balance of an organism oxidation and oxidation resistance system, reducing the harm of the lipid peroxidation damage of the mouse caused by hyperlipemia, playing a role in protecting the liver, and having more remarkable effect.
Application example 4: research on the anti-fatigue effect of the astragalus mongholicus and Pu' er instant tea.
Taking 80 male Kunming mice, and randomly dividing into a model control group, a rhodiola rosea oral liquid group, an astragalus and Pu 'er instant tea high, medium and low dose group, and an astragalus and Pu' er raw tea high, medium and low dose group.
The stomach-irrigation medicine is respectively administrated by gavage 0.5ml/20g for each group, wherein the rhodiola rosea oral liquid group is 7mg/kg, the astragalus mongholicus and puer instant tea high, medium and low dose groups are respectively 97.5 mg/kg, 195 mg/kg and 390mg/kg, the astragalus mongholicus and puer original tea high, medium and low dose groups are respectively 585 mg/kg, 1170 mg/kg and 2340 mg/kg. The model control group was given equal volume of distilled water for 15d consecutively.
Fasting is carried out for 2h after the last administration, then the mice are placed in a swimming pool with the water depth of about 30cm and the water temperature of 30 +/-0.5 ℃ for a mouse swimming exhaustion test, and swimming time is recorded, wherein the exhaustion judgment standard is that the mice are immersed in water for more than 10s and cannot complete righting reflex when placed on a plane.
And (3) placing the mouse in a dry mouse cage, recovering for 24h, picking eyeballs, collecting blood, centrifuging after serum is separated to obtain serum, and storing the serum in a refrigerator at 0-4 ℃ for later use.
The swimming time of each group was compared, and indices of SOD, MDA, ALT, AST, BUN, SG, hepatic glycogen and muscle glycogen in serum were measured, and the results are shown in tables 6, 7 and 8.
The statistics are carried out by using SPSS software,ttest analysis comparison of mean values between groups, level of significanceP<0.05。
Note: compared with the model control group,** P<0.01,* Pless than 0.05; compared with the original astragalus and puer tea of the same grade,ΔΔ P<0.01,Δ P<0.05。
compared with the model control group, the exhaustion time of the rhodiola rosea oral liquid group, the astragalus mongholicus and puer instant tea group with high, medium and low doses and the astragalus mongholicus and puer raw tea group with high, medium and low doses is obviously increased (PLess than 0.01), the content of SOD, hepatic glycogen and myoglycogen in serum of rhodiola rosea oral liquid group, astragalus mongholicus and puer instant tea high, medium and low dose groups and astragalus mongholicus and puer raw tea high, medium and low dose groups are obviously increased (P< 0.05 orPLess than 0.01), and the contents of MDA, ALT, AST and BUN are obviously reduced (P< 0.05 orP< 0.01). Compared with the astragalus Pu 'er raw tea, the astragalus instant Pu' er tea has more obvious effect (P< 0.05 orP<0.01)。
Fatigue is a physiological phenomenon in which the body cannot maintain its function at a certain level or the organs cannot maintain their predetermined exercise intensity under certain environmental conditions. The causes of fatigue are various, but the most direct and objective expression of fatigue is the decline of exercise endurance, and the exhaustion of swimming time has been used as an important index reflecting exercise endurance, which reflects not only the ability of the organism to resist fatigue, but also the anti-stress ability of the organism and the adaptability to adverse environments. The results show that the astragalus and puer instant tea can obviously prolong the time from swimming to exhaustion of mice, namely the exercise load is relatively large, and the action effect is better than that of the astragalus and puer original tea.
The increase of oxygen consumption of the body can cause the increase of the production of free radicals in the body and destroy the balance state of the production and elimination of the free radicals, thereby causing the function of membranous cell structures to be reduced and generating fatigue. SOD in vivo is the primary catalytic enzyme capable of eliminating oxygen free radicals, and can inhibit lipid peroxidation in vivo, and the activity is indirectly reflected by the level of free radicals in vivo. MDA is the end product of lipid peroxidation, and may reflect the degree of lipid peroxidation occurring in the body and the degree of damage to biological membranes. Free radicals promote peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and metabolism to MDA. According to the results, the astragalus and puer instant tea can improve the activity of SOD, eliminate the attack of free radicals, reduce the MDA generation under exhaustion and recovery states, protect the body and have positive effect on delaying the occurrence of exercise-induced fatigue, and the effect is superior to that of the astragalus and puer original tea.
ALT is found primarily in kidney, heart and muscle cells and is typically present in very small amounts in serum. When cells are seriously damaged or the permeability of cell membranes is changed, ALT is released into blood through the cell membranes, so that ALT activity in the serum is increased. Exhaustive exercise can alter the permeability of the cell membrane of skeletal muscle and increase ALT activity in blood. AST is normally present in tissue cells, and is present in very small amounts in serum. AST has the highest content in myocardial cells, and liver is the second, and AST activity in serum is measured, so that the AST can assist in diagnosing myocardial infarction, liver diseases and some muscle diseases. According to the results, ALT and AST of the astragalus and Pu ' er instant tea groups are extremely lower than those of the model control group, which indicates that exhaustive movement causes certain damage to organs such as liver, heart and the like of a mouse, so that the activity of two enzymes in blood is increased, the astragalus and Pu ' er instant tea has certain protection effect on the depleted mouse, and the recovery after movement has certain promotion effect, and the effect is better than that of the astragalus and Pu ' er original tea.
BUN is the final product of metabolism of substances such as protein and amino acid in the body, and the level of BUN in serum increases along with the increase of the exercise load. When the body does not satisfy the requirement of energy substances such as blood sugar, liver glycogen, muscle glycogen and the like through long-time exercise, the decomposition of proteins and amino acids of the body is increased, serum BUN is generated through metabolism, and the content of the serum BUN is increased along with the exercise. BUN can reflect the protein decomposition and metabolism conditions of an organism and is an important sensitive index for evaluating the bearing capacity of the organism under physical load. In the influence of the experiment on the BUN content of the mice after movement, the BUN content of the astragalus and Pu ' er instant tea is high, the middle dose of the astragalus and Pu ' er raw tea is high, and the BUN content of the mice in the middle dose group after swimming is lower than that of the mice in the model control group after swimming (the experiment shows that the BUN content of the astragalus and Pu ' er instant tea is high, the BUN content of the astragalus and Pu ' er raw tea is low and the BUN content of the mice in the model control group after swimming is low (the experiment shows that the BUN content of the astragalus and Pu ' er raw tea is low)P< 0.05 orPLess than 0.01), the effect is gradually enhanced along with the increase of the administration dosage, and the effect of the astragalus mongholicus and Pu 'er instant tea is better than that of the astragalus mongholicus and Pu' er instant teaThe astragalus mongholicus and puer raw tea proves that compared with the astragalus mongholicus and puer raw tea, the astragalus mongholicus and puer instant tea can obviously reduce the BUN content of mice after swimming, and has a more obvious anti-fatigue effect.
Glycogen, including liver glycogen and muscle glycogen, is an important energy source of muscle tissues, plays an important role in maintaining blood sugar level, and can affect motor abilities such as body durability. Numerous studies have shown that physical failure due to exercise always occurs simultaneously with depletion of muscle glycogen. When glycogen breakdown is not sufficient to provide energy, the body breaks down the proteins in the body to provide further energy. After mice are exhaustively swimming, liver glycogen and muscle glycogen detection shows that the astragalus Pu ' er instant tea can obviously improve the storage amount of the liver glycogen and the muscle glycogen of the mice, inhibit the reduction of the liver glycogen and the muscle glycogen of the mice caused by long-time movement and prevent the reduction of blood sugar, and the astragalus Pu ' er instant tea has the effects of obviously increasing the storage amount of the liver glycogen and the muscle glycogen and regulating the blood sugar metabolism and has better effects than the astragalus Pu ' er original tea.
Under normal conditions, the source and the way of the SG maintain a certain dynamic balance, but during the violent exercise, when the blood sugar is consumed in a large amount and cannot be supplemented in time, the blood sugar level gradually decreases. The experimental result shows that the high, medium and low dose groups of the astragalus Pu 'er instant tea and the high, medium and low dose groups of the astragalus Pu' er raw tea can obviously increase the blood sugar content in the body of a mouse after exercise of exhaustion, and the astragalus Pu 'er instant tea has stronger effect, which shows that the astragalus Pu' er instant tea can improve the energy supply after fatigue and has certain anti-fatigue effect.
The above embodiments of the present invention are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of this invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of astragalus mongholicus and Pu' er instant tea comprises the following steps:
taking a radix astragali medicinal material, adding water with the mass 10-12 times of that of the radix astragali, soaking for 30min, decocting and extracting for 2-3 times, each time for 1-1.5 h, combining decoctions, filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure, drying, and crushing to obtain radix astragali powder;
taking cooked pu 'er tea, adding water which is 10-15 times of the mass of the cooked pu' er tea, heating to 55-75 ℃, carrying out reflux extraction for 2-3 times, extracting for 30-45 min each time, combining extracting solutions, filtering, and concentrating filtrate under reduced pressure to a volume which is 2 times of the mass of the cooked pu 'er tea to obtain pu' er tea paste;
mixing the Pu 'er tea paste and the astragalus powder according to the mass ratio of 50-60: 1, and drying to obtain astragalus Pu' er tea powder;
spray drying and granulating the astragalus Pu 'er tea powder to prepare the astragalus Pu' er instant tea.
2. The preparation method of the astragalus membranaceus and puer instant tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spray drying granulation is carried out under the following process parameters: the material temperature is 65 ℃, the atomization pressure is 0.1Mpa, and the air quantity is 0.2m3Min, the liquid delivery volume is 3 ml/min.
3. The preparation method of the astragalus membranaceus-puer instant tea as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking radix astragali, adding water 12 times of radix astragali, soaking for 30min, decocting and extracting for 3 times, each time for 1 hr, mixing decoctions, filtering, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure, drying, and pulverizing to obtain radix astragali powder;
taking cooked pu-er tea, adding water with the mass 10 times of that of the cooked pu-er tea, heating to 65 ℃, performing reflux extraction for 3 times, extracting for 30min each time, combining extracting solutions, filtering, and concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure to a volume 2 times of that of the cooked pu-er tea to obtain pu-er tea paste;
mixing the Pu 'er tea paste and the astragalus powder according to the mass ratio of 52-58: 1, and drying to obtain astragalus Pu' er tea powder;
the material temperature of the astragalus Pu' er tea powder is 65 ℃, the atomization pressure is 0.1Mpa, and the air volume is 0.2m3And/min, carrying out spray drying granulation under the process condition of liquid delivery amount of 3ml/min, and preparing the astragalus mongholicus Pu' er instant tea.
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