CN114303806B

CN114303806B - Vegetation greening method and vegetation greening auxiliary structure thereof in alpine and high-altitude areas

Info

Publication number: CN114303806B
Application number: CN202111584303.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 夏建军; 汪传信
Original assignee: China Coal Anhui Geological Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: China Coal Anhui Geological Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-21
Filing date: 2021-12-21
Publication date: 2023-02-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-21
Also published as: CN114303806A

Abstract

A method for restoring vegetation to green in alpine and high-altitude areas relates to the technical field of vegetation restoration, and comprises the following steps of: covering the screened residue soil to form a grass seed substrate layer; and step two, constructing a drainage ditch: a branch drainage ditch is built in the slag hill surface, and a drainage system is formed by the branch drainage ditch and a retaining dam built in a pit side slope platform area; thirdly, improving the slag soil: mixing sheep board manure and organic fertilizer into the residue soil, spreading the sheep board manure and granular organic fertilizer on the grass substrate layer, and uniformly mixing the sheep board manure and the granular organic fertilizer into the grass substrate layer by a mechanical or manual method, wherein the depth of the grass substrate layer is more than 15cm; fourthly, spreading organic fertilizer; fifthly, sowing; sixthly, raking and pressing: adopting a mechanical or manual method for raking and pressing the sowed land, and inserting a soil fixing auxiliary mechanism into the grass planting substrate layers on the two sides of the branch drainage ditch for reinforcing; and step seven, laying non-woven fabrics. The technical problems that in the prior art, soil in high-cold and high-altitude areas is not beneficial to implement vegetation greening and growth of vegetation are solved.

Description

Vegetation greening method and vegetation greening auxiliary structure thereof in alpine and high-altitude areas

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vegetation greening, in particular to a method for greening vegetation in alpine and high-altitude areas and a vegetation greening auxiliary structure thereof.

Background

Under the influence of the vertical zonal property of mountain climate, the vegetation in the area is distributed vertically, the vegetation types in the mining area are classified into alpine swamp type and alpine meadow type, and the vegetation has obvious morphological characteristics in alpine area, wherein the alpine swamp type is the main vegetation type in the mining area, and is often embedded and staggered with the alpine meadow type vegetation, the vegetation is short and simple in structure, the grass group grows intensively, the plants are in a dwarf mat shape and lotus throne shape, the grass layer is dense, the coverage degree is 70-90%, once the vegetation is damaged, the recovery is difficult, and the artificial grass seeds are required to be gradually transited into natural vegetation communities through long-time succession;

at present, investigation and research are carried out to the soil in the alpine and high-altitude areas, which is not beneficial to the implementation of vegetation greening and the growth of vegetation, so that a vegetation greening method and a vegetation greening auxiliary structure thereof in the alpine and high-altitude areas are provided to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the soil in the alpine and high-altitude areas in the prior art is not beneficial to the implementation of vegetation greening and the growth of vegetation.

The purpose and the effect of the invention are achieved by the following specific technical means:

a method for restoring vegetation in alpine and high-altitude areas,

firstly, forming a grass matrix layer: covering the screened residue soil or turning over the soil on the spot to pick up stones to form a grass planting matrix layer;

and step two, constructing a drainage ditch: a branch drainage ditch is built in the slag hill surface, and forms a drainage system together with a retaining dam built in a pit side slope platform area;

thirdly, improving the slag soil: mixing sheep manure and organic fertilizer into the residue soil, spreading the sheep manure and granular organic fertilizer on the grass substrate layer, and uniformly mixing the sheep manure and the granular organic fertilizer into the grass substrate layer by a mechanical or manual method, wherein the depth of the grass substrate layer is more than 15cm;

fourthly, broadcasting organic fertilizer: the granular organic fertilizer is spread on the surface of the grass planting substrate layer in a mechanical or artificial way;

fifthly, sowing: 4 grass seeds are mixed with 15 kilograms of special fertilizer for the grass per mu, and the mixture is sowed on the surface of a grass substrate layer in a mode of flying sowing, mechanical sowing or manual sowing and the like;

sixthly, raking and pressing: adopting a mechanical or manual method for raking and pressing the sowed land, and inserting a soil fixing auxiliary mechanism into the grass planting substrate layers on the two sides of the branch drainage ditch for reinforcing;

and seventhly, laying non-woven fabrics: after finishing raking and pressing, non-woven fabrics are laid, and the edge overlapping part of the non-woven fabrics is compacted by stone.

Preferably, the depth of the grass growing matrix layer in the first step is 25cm, and the proportion of stones with the diameter of more than 5cm in the grass growing matrix layer with the depth of 25cm is less than 10%.

Preferably, in the third step, 33 parts of sheep manure is used per mu, the thickness is 5cm, 750 kilograms of granular organic matter platform areas are used per mu, and 1000 kilograms of granular organic matter platform areas are used per mu of sloping fields.

Preferably, in the fourth step, the dosage of the granular organic fertilizer in the platform area is 750 kilograms per mu, and the dosage of the granular organic fertilizer in the sloping field is 1000 kilograms per mu.

Preferably, the using amount of the 4 grass seeds in the fifth step is 12 kilograms per mu of flat land and 16 kilograms per mu of sloping land.

A severe cold high altitude area vegetation is green auxiliary structure again, includes: the soil fixing auxiliary mechanisms are sequentially inserted into the grass planting substrate layers on the two sides of the branch drainage ditches, grooves communicated with the branch drainage ditches are arranged between the soil fixing auxiliary mechanisms, reinforcing plates are connected between the soil fixing auxiliary mechanisms on the outer sides, and one end of each groove on the outermost side is plugged by the reinforcing plates;

soil-fixing auxiliary mechanism includes rectangular plate and drain bar, soil-fixing auxiliary mechanism outer frame is formed by two sets of rectangular plate combinations, two sets of rectangular plate combinations form the frame of square frame form, the inboard activity of rectangular plate sets up the drain bar, the drain bar is parallel with one of them side of rectangular plate, and the drain bar outside is equipped with the drain pipe that runs through the rectangular plate, the spring is established to the cover that is located between drain bar and the rectangular plate in drain pipe upper end, the drain bar inboard is established to the open cavity, open cavity intercommunication drain pipe, it sets up the grid plate to slide in the open cavity, the cladding of grid plate outside has geotechnological cloth.

Preferably, the spread groove has been seted up in the right-angle plate outside, and the gusset plate upper end sets up the threaded rod to the spread groove through-rotation, and the threaded rod corresponds spread groove threaded connection.

Preferably, the both ends of right-angle board and the perpendicular one side of drain bar all are equipped with the spout, and the drain bar corresponds the spout and is equipped with the slider, and the slider corresponds the slip setting with the spout.

Preferably, the bottom of the right-angle plate is provided with a soil inserting nail corresponding to the sliding groove.

Preferably, insert the inside hollow form that is of soil nail, insert in the soil nail vertically to run through and set up the ejector pin, the ejector pin top is run through to inserting the soil nail outside and is equipped with globular briquetting, and the briquetting is located the spout, and the ejector pin is located inserts the inside equidistance of soil nail and sets up the extrusion piece, inserts the inside extrusion piece both sides that correspond of soil nail and runs through and be provided with the side nail, and the extrusion piece is moved down and is promoted the side nail and move out toward inserting soil nail outside level.

Has the beneficial effects that:

1. through forming the grass planting matrix layer, be favorable to the grass planting, be suitable for vegetation, reduce the stone proportion, can be favorable to vegetation growth, the plant roots of being convenient for grows, improves the survival probability of vegetation, builds drainage system, prevents that rainwash from causing soil erosion and water loss, improves the dregs and fertilizes, provides the green nutrient of planting the existence, and then improves green planting and survives the ability.

2. The method for re-greening the vegetation in the alpine and high-altitude areas is provided with the soil fixing auxiliary mechanism, after rainwater enters the vegetation matrix layer, the rainwater passes through the geotextile, the grid plate permeates into the open cavity, then the rainwater is guided into the groove through the drain pipe, and the rainwater is guided out to the water retaining dam through the groove guide-in branch drain ditch, so that the vegetation is not easily washed away by the rainwater, secondly, the efficiency of a drainage system is high, the influence of rotten roots on green planting can not be caused, the soil fixing auxiliary mechanism is used for reinforcing the vegetation matrix layer, the problems of soil loss, landslide and the like caused by a platform and a side slope are prevented, and after the vegetation grows out, the vegetation can be more stable after being reinforced through the plant root system.

3. The method for restoring vegetation in the alpine and high-altitude areas is provided with soil inserting nails, the water discharging plate is pressed to be inserted into a grass growing matrix layer, then the water discharging plate is released, the water discharging plate is pushed to move inwards under the action of a spring on the upper end of the water discharging pipe, so that the sliding block enters the first sliding groove, the sliding block at the other end moves in the second sliding groove, the sliding block moves in the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove and further extrudes the pressing block, the pressing block pushes the ejector rod to move towards the inside of the soil inserting nails, and further the extrusion block pushes the side nails to be inserted into the soil on the outer side, so that the soil inserting nails are further stabilized.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a vegetation greening method in alpine and high-altitude areas.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the vegetation re-greening structure of the slope in the alpine and high-altitude areas.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the vegetation greening auxiliary structure in the alpine and high-altitude area of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the soil stabilization assisting mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the soil stabilization assisting mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic top sectional view of the drainage plate of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the soil inserting nail of the present invention.

In FIGS. 1-7: the soil-fixing auxiliary mechanism comprises a grass substrate layer 1, non-woven fabrics 2, a soil-fixing auxiliary mechanism 3, a right-angle plate 31, a first sliding groove 311, a second sliding groove 312, a drainage plate 32, a sliding block 321, a drainage pipe 33, soil inserting nails 34, a top rod 341, an extrusion block 342, side nails 343, a pressing block 344, a connecting groove 35, a drainage ditch 4, a branch drainage ditch 41, a communicating port 42, a reinforcing plate 5, a threaded rod 51, a groove 6, an open cavity 7, a grid plate 8 and geotextile 9.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-7, a method for restoring vegetation in alpine and high-altitude areas,

firstly, forming a grass matrix layer: covering or in-situ ploughing the screened residue soil to pick up stones to form a grass planting matrix layer 1, wherein the depth of the grass planting matrix layer 1 is 25cm, and the proportion of stones with the diameter of more than 5cm in the grass planting matrix layer 1 with the depth of 25cm is less than 10 percent;

and step two, constructing a drainage ditch: longitudinal drainage ditches 4 are built at the upper end and the lower end of the slag slope surface, branch drainage ditches 41 are built in the slag slope surface, the branch drainage ditches 41 are connected with the drainage ditches 4 at the upper end and the lower end of the slag slope surface, and the drainage ditches 4 and a retaining dam built in a pit side slope platform area jointly form a drainage system;

step three, improving the residue soil: mixing sheep board manure and organic fertilizer into the residue soil, wherein the dosage of each mu of the sheep board manure is 33, the thickness of the sheep board manure is 5cm, the dosage of each mu of the granular organic matter platform area is 750 kg, and the dosage of each mu of the sloping field is 1000 kg, spreading the sheep board manure and the granular organic fertilizer on a seed grass matrix layer, and uniformly mixing the seed grass matrix layer by adopting a mechanical or manual method, wherein the depth of the seed grass matrix layer is more than 15cm;

fourthly, broadcasting organic fertilizer: the granular organic fertilizer is spread on the surface of the grass planting substrate layer in a mechanical or manual mode, the dosage of the granular organic fertilizer per mu in a platform area is 750 kilograms, and the dosage of the granular organic fertilizer per mu in a sloping field is 1000 kilograms;

fifthly, sowing: 4 grass seeds and 15 kilograms of special fertilizer for the grass per mu are mixed and are sowed on the surface of a grass substrate layer 1 in a mode of flying sowing, mechanical sowing or manual sowing, and the like, wherein the using amount of the 4 grass seeds is 12 kilograms per mu on the flat ground and 16 kilograms per mu on the sloping field;

sixthly, raking and pressing: adopting a mechanical or manual method for raking and pressing the sowed land, and inserting the soil fixing auxiliary mechanism 3 into the grass substrate layers 1 on the two sides of the branch drainage ditch 41 for reinforcing;

and seventhly, laying non-woven fabrics: after the raking and leveling is finished, the non-woven fabric 2 is laid, and the edge overlapping part of the non-woven fabric 2 is compacted by stone.

A severe cold high altitude area vegetation is green auxiliary structure again, includes: the soil stabilization auxiliary mechanism 3 is sequentially inserted into the grass substrate layers 1 on two sides of the branch drainage ditch 41, a groove 6 communicated with the branch drainage ditch 41 is arranged between the soil stabilization auxiliary mechanism 3, the groove 6 is positioned above the branch drainage ditch 41, so that water in the groove 6 is conveniently led into the branch drainage ditch 41, a reinforcing plate 5 is connected between the soil stabilization auxiliary mechanisms 3 on the outer side, one end of the groove 6 on the outermost side is blocked by the reinforcing plate 5, and further water in the groove 6 can be normally led into the branch drainage ditch 41; the concrete structure of the soil fixing auxiliary mechanism 3 is as follows: comprises right-angle plates 31 and drain plates 32, the outer frame of the soil fixation auxiliary mechanism 3 is formed by combining two groups of right-angle plates 31, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the two groups of right-angle plates 31 are combined to form a square frame-shaped outer frame, the inner side of each right-angle plate 31 is slidably provided with the drain plate 32, the drain plate 32 is parallel to one side of the right-angle plate 31, the length of the drain plate 32 is the same as that of the parallel side of the right-angle plate 31, the outer side of the drain plate 32 is provided with a drain pipe 33 penetrating through the right-angle plate 31, the drain pipe 33 corresponds to the groove 6, the upper end of the drain pipe 33 is positioned between the drain plate 32 and the right-angle plate 31 and is sleeved with a spring, the inner side of the drain plate 32 is provided with an opening cavity 7, the opening cavity 7 is communicated with the drain pipe 33, the grid plate 8 is slidably arranged in the opening cavity 7, springs are connected with the inner sides of the grid plate 8 and the open cavity 7, geotextile 9 is coated on the outer side of the grid plate 8, a square frame formed by the right-angle plates 31 is filled with a grass substrate layer 1, sliding grooves are formed in the two ends of one side, perpendicular to the right-angle plates 31 and the drainage plates 32, of the right-angle plates 31 and are divided into a first sliding groove 311 and a second sliding groove 312, one side of the first sliding groove 311 is open, the two ends of the second sliding groove 312 are closed, sliding blocks 321 are arranged on the drainage plates 32 corresponding to the sliding grooves, the drainage plates 32 connected with the right-angle plates 31 are in sliding connection with the second sliding grooves 312 corresponding to the sliding grooves, the sliding blocks 321 are T-shaped and are not easy to slide out in the second sliding grooves 312, the sliding blocks 321 on the other side are also T-shaped and are arranged in a sliding way corresponding to the openings of the first sliding grooves 311, and the right-angle plates 31 after combination are not easy to translocate; rainwater gets into 1 back rainwater on kind of grass matrix layer through geotechnological cloth 9 in the rainwater season, 8 infiltration opening chamber 7 on the grid plate, then lead to the slot 6 through drain pipe 33, derive to the dam in through the leading-in branch escape canal 41 of slot 6, make the vegetation difficult by the rainwash like this, secondly, drainage system is efficient, can not make the influence of mashed root to green planting, and firm soil complementary unit 3 consolidates kind of grass matrix layer 1, prevent the platform, side slope department causes earth loss and landslide scheduling problem, the vegetation grows the back, can more stabilize after the reinforcement through plant roots.

The outer side of the right-angle plate 31 is provided with a connecting groove 35, the connecting groove 35 is a threaded groove, the upper end of the reinforcing plate 5 is provided with a threaded rod 51 in a penetrating and rotating mode relative to the connecting groove 35, and the threaded rod 51 is in threaded connection with the connecting groove 35; the installation of being convenient for is fixed for firm soil complementary unit 3 in the outside can be dragged each other, can prevent the problem of translocation when the season that the rainwater is big, and secondly reinforcing plate 5 can make the water in the ditch 6 normally lead-in branch escape canal 41 in.

Wherein, the bottom of right-angle plate 31 corresponds the spout and is provided with inserts soil nail 34, insert soil nail 34 inside and be hollow form, insert in soil nail 34 vertically to run through and set up ejector pin 341, ejector pin 341 top is run through to inserting soil nail 34 outside and is equipped with spheroidal briquetting 344, briquetting 344 is located the spout, ejector pin 341 is located and inserts the inside equidistance of soil nail 34 and sets up extrusion block 342, ejector pin 341 bottom and insert soil nail 34 internal connection have the spring, extrusion block 342 both sides set up for the slope, insert the inside extrusion block 342 both sides that correspond of soil nail 34 and run through and be provided with side nail 343, side nail 343 upper end is located and inserts the inside spring of establishing of soil nail 34, extrusion block 342 moves down and promotes side nail 343 and shifts out toward inserting soil nail 34 outside level, insert soil nail 34 and can make insert more firm in the soil plate 31, secondly, through slider 321 remove and then extrude briquetting 344 in spout one 311, briquetting 344 in spout two 312, briquetting 344 promotes ejector pin 341 and toward inserting soil nail 34 internal movement, and then make extrusion block 342 promote side nail 343 insert in the firm soil nail 343.

The working principle is as follows:

the drainage plate 32 is pressed to be inserted into the grass substrate layer 1, then the drainage plate 32 is released, the drainage plate 32 is pushed to move inwards under the action of a spring at the upper end of the drainage pipe 33, so that the sliding block 321 enters the first sliding groove 311, the sliding block 321 at the other end moves in the second sliding groove 312, the sliding block 321 moves in the first sliding groove 311 and the second sliding groove 312 to extrude a pressing block 344, the pressing block 344 pushes the ejector rod 341 to move towards the inside of the soil inserting nail 34, so that the extruding block 342 pushes the side nail 343 to be inserted into the outer soil, and the soil inserting nail 34 is further stabilized; rainwater gets into 1 back rainwater on the grass planting matrix layer through geotechnological cloth 9 in rainwater season, 8 infiltration opening chamber 7 of grid plate, then lead to the slot 6 through drain pipe 33, derive to the retaining dam in through the leading-in branch escape canal 41 of slot 6, make the vegetation difficult by rainwash like this, secondly, drainage system is efficient, can not plant the influence that leads to mashed root to green, and gu native complementary unit 3 consolidates grass matrix layer 1, prevent the platform, side slope department causes earth loss and landslide scheduling problem, the vegetation grows the back, can be more firm after the reinforcement through plant roots.

Claims

1. A severe cold high altitude area vegetation is green auxiliary structure again, includes: the grass planting matrix layer (1), the drainage ditch (4), firm soil auxiliary mechanism (3), characterized by that, the said drainage ditch (4) is distributed in the upper and lower both ends terrace of the side slope of the grass planting matrix layer (1), communicate by the branch drainage ditch (41) between the drainage ditch (4), the said firm soil auxiliary mechanism (3) inserts in the grass planting matrix layer (1) of both sides of the branch drainage ditch (41) sequentially, set up the ditch groove (6) of communicating the branch drainage ditch (41) between the auxiliary mechanism (3) of firm soil, connect the gusset plate (5) between the auxiliary mechanism (3) of firm soil located in outside, the gusset plate (5) blocks the opening of one end of the outermost side ditch groove (6); the soil fixing auxiliary mechanism (3) comprises right-angle plates (31) and drainage plates (32), the outer frame of the soil fixing auxiliary mechanism (3) is formed by combining two groups of right-angle plates (31), the two groups of right-angle plates (31) are combined to form a square frame-shaped outer frame, the drainage plates (32) are movably arranged on the inner sides of the right-angle plates (31), the drainage plates (32) are parallel to one side of the right-angle plates (31), drainage pipes (33) penetrating through the right-angle plates (31) are arranged on the outer sides of the drainage plates (32), springs are sleeved at the upper ends of the drainage pipes (33) between the drainage plates (32) and the right-angle plates (31), open cavities (7) are arranged on the inner sides of the drainage plates (32), the open cavities (7) are communicated with the drainage pipes (33), grid plates (8) are arranged in the open cavities (7) in a sliding mode, geotechnical cloth (9) is wrapped on the outer sides of the grid plates (8), sliding grooves are arranged at two ends of one sides, perpendicular to the right-angle plates (31) and the drainage plates (32), sliding mode that sliding grooves (321) correspond to the sliding mode, pressing blocks (341) are arranged in a vertical soil inserting nail inserting grooves (34), and a hollow nail inserting hollow nail (34) is arranged on the tops of push rod (34) penetrating through the top of push rod (341), briquetting (344) are located the spout, and ejector pin (341) are located and insert inside equidistance of soil nail (34) and set up extrusion piece (342), insert inside corresponding extrusion piece (342) both sides of soil nail (34) and run through and be provided with side nail (343), and extrusion piece (342) move down and promote side nail (343) and move out towards inserting soil nail (34) outside level.

2. The auxiliary vegetation greening structure in the alpine and high-altitude regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein a connecting groove (35) is formed in the outer side of the right-angle plate (31), a threaded rod (51) is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the reinforcing plate (5) relative to the connecting groove (35) in a penetrating manner, and the threaded rod (51) is in threaded connection with the connecting groove (35).