CN114293026B - Method for improving direct nickel yield of copper pyrometallurgical system - Google Patents
Method for improving direct nickel yield of copper pyrometallurgical system Download PDFInfo
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu] PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052840 fayalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 outsourcing matte Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the direct nickel yield of a copper pyrometallurgical system, which comprises the following steps of 1) smelting by a smelting furnace: the smelting furnace produces hot matte with lower grade; 2) Blowing in a converter slagging stage: blowing the hot matte with lower grade into the converter for slagging, and under-blowing at the end point of the slagging period to improve the sulfur content of the converter slag; 3) Blowing in a converter copper making period: reducing oxygen content in crude copper at the end point of the copper making period, and simultaneously adding a reducing agent before copper discharging; 4) Anode furnace refining: refining by adopting the measures of 'shallow oxidation and deep reduction'. According to the invention, the grade of hot matte in the smelting furnace is reduced, the amount of slag is reduced, so that the metallic nickel taken away by the smelting slag is reduced, the end point of the converter slagging period is under blown, the sulfur content of the converter slag is improved, the slag entering rate of the metallic nickel can be reduced, the oxygen content of crude copper at the end point of the converter copper making is reduced, the direct recovery rate of the metallic nickel is improved by adding a reducing agent before copper is discharged, the degree of oxidation reduction of the anode furnace is adjusted, the entering of the metallic nickel into refining slag is reduced, the proportion of NiO in the anode copper is reduced, the proportion of the metallic nickel entering into anode mud in the electrolysis process is favorably reduced, and the direct recovery rate of the nickel is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of heavy non-ferrous metal smelting, and particularly relates to a method for improving the direct nickel yield of a copper pyrometallurgical system.
Background
In the current mainstream process of the copper pyrometallurgical system, nickel entering the system mainly comes from copper concentrate, outsourced matte and outsourced blister copper, is enriched in an anode plate after processes of matte smelting, copper matte converting, blister copper refining and the like, and a nickel sulfate byproduct is formed in a subsequent electrolysis process. Nickel sulfate is an important byproduct and is widely applied to the industries of electroplating, chemical engineering, medicine, printing and dyeing, batteries and the like.
In the current mainstream process of the copper pyrometallurgical system, the open circuit of nickel is divided into three directions: anode plate, smoke dust and slag, and the loss of nickel is mainly caused by the fact that nickel enters the slag. In the smelting process, nickel is rarely oxidized into NiO due to the presence of FeS, and the amount of nickel entering the smelting slag increases as the amount of slag increases. In the blowing process of the converter copper making period, the affinity of nickel to oxygen is inferior to that of iron, and after FeS generates fayalite due to slagging reaction, ni 3 S 2 Oxidized into NiO, the NiO reacts with quartz to generate 2NiO SiO 2 Slag is removed. In the blowing in the converter copper making period, if the crude copper at the end point of the converter copper making period contains high oxygen, more nickel is oxidized into NiO to enter the bottom slag to be removed. In the refining process, part of nickel is oxidized and then enters refining slag to be removed, and part of nickel is oxidized and then reacts with oxides of arsenic and antimony to generate nickel mica which is dissolved in copper water, so that the nickel is not beneficial to entering electrolyte in the subsequent electrolysis process. By means of the prior art, the nickel oxide in the slag is difficult to enrich and recover, so that the nickel enters tailings in the beneficiation stage, and potential economic benefits are wasted.
The document "technical measures for adjusting copper and protecting nickel" in the fire refining process of high-nickel blister copper "provides a method for improving the direct nickel yield in the refining process, and the aim of improving the direct nickel yield is fulfilled by improving the temperature of copper water in the oxidation period and reducing the oxygen content of anode copper at the reduction end point. The method has the defects that the energy consumption is increased due to the fact that the temperature in the oxidation period is increased, energy conservation and emission reduction are not facilitated, the method is limited to a pyrometallurgical refining process, analysis practice is not carried out on a smelting process and a blowing process, and the improvement on the direct nickel yield of the whole pyrometallurgical system is very limited.
The literature, "experimental research on nickel recovery rate improvement in copper smelting process" provides a method for improving nickel recovery rate in copper smelting process, which avoids over-blowing in the blowing process, reduces sulfur content and oxygen content in an anode plate, cancels copper sulfate production, and adjusts the nickel sulfate freezing crystallization process. The method has the defects that although the smelting process is analyzed and explored, an effective scheme is not formed; the process of avoiding over-blowing in the blowing process is a basic process requirement, and no new process requirement is formed.
From the prior art, the key point of improving the direct nickel yield of the copper pyrometallurgical system is to reduce the proportion of nickel entering slag, but related patents are not reported at present. The aforementioned documents do not form a solution to these problems or are not perfect, and the direct yield of nickel is still at a low level.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the direct recovery rate of nickel in a copper pyrometallurgical system, reduce the loss of nickel in the working procedures of smelting, blowing and refining, particularly reduce the loss of nickel entering furnace slag, and maximize the direct recovery rate of nickel in an anode plate on the premise of not influencing the normal production of each working procedure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: a method for improving the direct nickel yield of a copper pyrometallurgical system comprises the following steps of 1) smelting by a smelting furnace: the smelting furnace produces hot matte with lower grade; 2) Blowing in a converter slagging stage: blowing the hot matte with lower grade into a converter for slagging, and under-blowing at the end point of a slagging period, wherein the sulfur content of the converter slag is controlled within 0.4-0.6%; 3) Blowing in the converter copper making period: reducing oxygen content in crude copper at the end point of the copper making period, and simultaneously adding a reducing agent before copper discharging; 4) Anode furnace refining: and refining by adopting measures of reducing the oxidation degree and deepening the reduction degree, and carrying out deep reduction after proper oxidation.
Preferably, in the step 1, the grade of the hot matte is controlled to be 58-60%.
Preferably, in the step 2, the sulfur content of the converter slag is controlled to be 0.4-0.6%.
Preferably, in the step 3, the oxygen content of the crude copper at the end of the copper making period is controlled to be below 0.3 percent, and the reducing agent added before copper extraction is coke.
Preferably, in the step 4, the sulfur content of the copper water at the oxidation end point is controlled to be 0.005-0.008%.
Preferably, in step 4, the oxygen content of the anode copper at the reduction end point is controlled to be less than 0.15%.
Preferably, in the step 4, the sulfur content of the blister copper at the oxidation end point is controlled to be 0.005-0.008%, and the means comprises one or more of reduction of oxidation time and reduction of the using amount of oxides.
Preferably, the amount of the oxide is reduced, and the amount of the oxide is reduced by reducing the amount of air supplied or the time of air supply
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the grade of hot matte is reduced, nickel carried away by smelting slag is reduced, the end point of the converter slagging stage is under blown, the sulfur content of converter slag is improved, the oxygen content of crude copper at the end point of the copper making stage is reduced, a certain amount of coke is added as a reducing agent before copper is discharged, the direct recovery rate of metal nickel in the crude copper is improved, the degree of oxidation reduction of an anode furnace is adjusted, nickel enters refining slag is reduced, and the proportion of NiO in anode copper is reduced. By adopting the preferable scheme, the slag rate of the metallic nickel can be reduced, the distribution rate of the metallic nickel on the anode plate is improved, the proportion of NiO in the anode copper is reduced, the proportion of the metallic nickel entering the anode mud in the electrolysis process is favorably reduced, the direct recovery rate of the nickel is improved, the problem of low utilization rate of the nickel in the existing copper pyrometallurgical process is solved, and the potential value of the valuable metal in the raw materials is excavated.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present application will be further described with reference to specific examples.
In the invention, the direct nickel yield is the ratio of nickel in the anode plate to nickel in the corresponding raw material. The pyro-copper smelting system refers to an aggregate of a smelting process, a blowing process and a refining process.
Example 1:
a method for improving the direct nickel yield of a copper pyrometallurgical system comprises the following steps:
1) The smelting furnace discharges 7 packs of hot copper matte, the average grade is reduced to 59.3 percent, and the total weight is 223t.
2) The hot copper matte in the step 1 enters a No. 1 converter in batches to carry out slagging blowing, after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, the end point of a slagging period is under-blown, slag is discharged and sampled, and the sulfur content of converter slag is increased to 0.44%; carrying out copper making blowing after slagging is finished, sampling and inspecting after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, reducing the oxygen content of crude copper to 0.29% at the end point, adding 300kg of coke for reduction before copper discharging, and ensuring the crude copper yield to be 211t;
3) The smelting furnace discharges 7 packs of hot copper matte, the average grade is reduced to 59.7 percent, and the total weight is 218t.
4) The hot copper matte in the step 3 enters a No. 2 converter in batches to carry out slagging blowing, after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, the end point of the slagging period is short-blown, slag is discharged and sampled, and the sulfur content of the converter slag is increased to 0.49%; carrying out copper making blowing after slagging is finished, sampling and inspecting after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, reducing the oxygen content of crude copper to 0.25% at the end point, adding 300kg of coke for reduction before copper discharging, and controlling the yield of the crude copper to be 193t;
5) And 4, the total amount of the crude copper in the step 2 and the step 4 is 404t, the crude copper enters an anode furnace to start oxidation, after air blowing oxidation is carried out for a period of time, sampling and inspection are carried out, and the sulfur content of the crude copper is increased to 0.007%. After the oxidation is finished, the reduction is started, natural gas is blown in for reduction for a period of time, sampling and inspection are carried out, and the oxygen content of the anode copper is reduced to 0.06%. And casting the molten copper in the furnace into an anode plate after the reduction is finished.
6) The method reduces the metallic nickel entering the furnace slag by the measures of reducing the hot matte grade of the smelting furnace, improving the sulfur content of the converter slag, reducing the oxygen content of the blister copper at the end point of copper making of the converter, adding coke to reduce NiO, improving the sulfur content of the blister copper at the oxidation end point of the anode furnace, reducing the oxygen content of the anode copper at the reduction end point of the anode furnace and the like. In the above steps, the weight of the copper water is removed from the weight of the cladding, and the direct recovery rate of the metal nickel on the anode plate of the furnace is 65.4 percent, which is 10.4 percent higher than that on the optimized premise.
The under-blowing is an unconventional means of the converter process, and means that air supply is stopped in advance in the converter blowing process, so that the slagging stage is not completely finished, the copper making stage is started, the under-blowing degree is reflected in the sulfur content of slag, the oxidation degree is reduced in the step 4, the oxidation degree of an anode furnace is finally reflected in the sulfur content of crude copper at the oxidation end point, the sulfur content of the crude copper at the oxidation end point is normally produced, the oxidation degree is reduced, the oxidation time is shortened, the oxidation degree can also be reduced by reducing the air supply quantity and the like, and the purpose is to improve the sulfur content of the crude copper at the oxidation end point.
Example 2:
a method for improving the direct nickel yield of a copper pyrometallurgical system comprises the following steps:
1) The smelting furnace discharges 6 packs of hot copper matte, the average grade is reduced to 58.7 percent, and the total weight is 199t.
2) The hot copper matte in the step 1 enters a 3# converter in batches to carry out slagging blowing, after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, the end point of a slagging period is under-blown, slag is discharged and sampled, and the sulfur content of converter slag is increased to 0.47%; carrying out copper making blowing after slagging is finished, sampling and inspecting after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, reducing the oxygen content of crude copper to 0.29% at the end point, adding 400kg of coke for reduction before copper discharging, and ensuring the yield of the crude copper to be 209t;
3) The smelting furnace discharges 7 packets of hot copper matte, the average grade is reduced to 59.2 percent, and the total weight is 221t.
4) The hot copper matte in the step 3 enters a No. 1 converter in batches to carry out slagging blowing, after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, the end point of the slagging period is under-blown, slag is discharged and sampled, and the sulfur content of the converter slag is increased to 0.49%; carrying out copper making blowing after slagging is finished, sampling and inspecting after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, reducing the oxygen content of crude copper to 0.24% at the end point, adding 400kg of coke for reduction before copper discharging, and ensuring that the yield of the crude copper is 223t;
5) And (4) the total of 432t of the crude copper in the step (2) and the step (4) enters an anode furnace to start oxidation, and after air supply oxidation is carried out for a period of time, sampling and inspection are carried out, so that the sulfur content of the crude copper is increased to 0.006%. And (3) after the oxidation is finished, beginning reduction, blowing natural gas for reduction for a period of time, sampling and inspecting, and reducing the oxygen content of the anode copper to 0.05%. And casting the molten copper in the furnace into an anode plate after the reduction is finished.
6) The method reduces the metallic nickel entering the furnace slag by the measures of reducing the hot matte grade of the smelting furnace, improving the sulfur content of the converter slag, reducing the oxygen content of the blister copper at the end point of copper making of the converter, adding coke to reduce NiO, improving the sulfur content of the blister copper at the oxidation end point of the anode furnace, reducing the oxygen content of the anode copper at the reduction end point of the anode furnace and the like. In the above steps, the weight of the copper water is removed from the weight of the cladding, and the direct recovery rate of the metal nickel on the anode plate of the furnace is 73.8 percent, which is 18.8 percent higher than that on the optimized premise.
The heat in the converter blowing process is surplus, cooling materials such as outsourcing blister copper, outsourcing matte, indium beryllium, cladding and the like are required to be added in the slagging period and the copper making period and are used for balancing the heat, the adding amount of the cooling materials is influenced by factors such as the feeding amount of the heated matte, the blast volume, the oxygen enrichment rate, the type of the cooling materials entering the converter and the like, and the yield of the blister copper is determined by the metal amount in the hot matte entering the converter and the cooling materials, so the blister copper in the step 2 and the step 4 is higher than that in the embodiment 1.
Example 3:
a method for improving the direct nickel yield of a copper pyrometallurgical system comprises the following steps:
1) The smelting furnace discharges 7 packs of hot copper matte, the average grade is reduced to 59.5 percent, and the total weight is 206t.
2) The hot copper matte in the step 1 enters a No. 1 converter in batches to carry out slagging blowing, after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, the end point of a slagging period is under-blown, slag is discharged and sampled, and the sulfur content of converter slag is increased to 0.45%; carrying out copper making blowing after slagging is finished, sampling and inspecting after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, reducing the oxygen content of crude copper to 0.26% at the end point, adding 500kg of coke for reduction before copper discharging, and ensuring that the yield of the crude copper is 189t;
3) The smelting furnace discharges 7 packs of hot copper matte, the average grade is reduced to 59.2 percent, and the total weight is 214t.
4) The hot copper matte in the step 3 enters a No. 2 converter in batches to carry out slagging blowing, after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, the end point of the slagging period is short-blown, slag is discharged and sampled, and the sulfur content of the converter slag is increased to 0.44%; carrying out copper making blowing after slagging is finished, sampling and inspecting after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, reducing the oxygen content of crude copper to 0.23% at the end point, adding 300kg of coke for reduction before copper discharging, and enabling the yield of the crude copper to be 203t;
5) 392t of crude copper in the step 2 and the step 4 is fed into the anode furnace to start oxidation, after air supply oxidation is carried out for a period of time, sampling and inspecting are carried out, and the sulfur content of the crude copper is increased to 0.007%. And (3) after the oxidation is finished, beginning to reduce, blowing natural gas to reduce for a period of time, sampling and inspecting, and reducing the oxygen content of the anode copper to 0.03%. And casting the molten copper in the furnace into an anode plate after the reduction is finished.
6) The method reduces the metallic nickel entering the slag by the measures of reducing the hot matte grade of the smelting furnace, improving the sulfur content of the converter slag, reducing the oxygen content of crude copper at the end point of copper making of the converter, adding coke to reduce NiO, improving the sulfur content of the crude copper at the oxidation end point of the anode furnace, reducing the oxygen content of anode copper at the reduction end point of the anode furnace and the like. In the above steps, the weight of the copper water is removed from the weight of the cladding, and the direct recovery rate of the metal nickel on the anode plate of the furnace is 70.6 percent, which is 15.6 percent higher than the optimized premise.
Example 4:
a method for improving the direct nickel yield of a copper pyrometallurgical system comprises the following steps:
1) The smelting furnace discharges 7 packs of hot copper matte, the average grade is reduced to 58.6 percent, and the total weight is 209t.
2) The hot copper matte in the step 1 enters a No. 2 converter in batches to carry out slagging blowing, after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, the end point of a slagging period is under-blown, slag is discharged and sampled, and the sulfur content of converter slag is increased to 0.48%; carrying out copper making blowing after slagging is finished, sampling and inspecting after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, reducing the oxygen content of crude copper to 0.24% at the end point, adding 600kg of coke for reduction before copper discharging, and ensuring the crude copper yield to be 218t;
3) The smelting furnace discharges 7 packs of hot copper matte, the average grade is reduced to 59.3 percent, and the total weight is 215t.
4) The hot copper matte in the step 3 enters a No. 3 converter in batches to carry out slagging blowing, after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, the end point of the slagging period is under-blown, slag is discharged and sampled, and the sulfur content of converter slag is increased to 0.42%; carrying out copper making blowing after slagging is finished, sampling and inspecting after the blowing is carried out for a period of time, reducing the oxygen content of crude copper to 0.28% at the end point, adding 600kg of coke for reduction before copper discharging, and ensuring the crude copper yield to be 211t;
5) And (4) putting the blister copper in the step 2 and the step 4 into an anode furnace for oxidation, and after air supply oxidation for a period of time, sampling and inspecting, wherein the sulfur content of the blister copper is increased to 0.006%. And (4) after the oxidation is finished, beginning reduction, blowing natural gas for reduction for a period of time, sampling and inspecting, and reducing the oxygen content of the anode copper to 0.08%. And casting the molten copper in the furnace into an anode plate after the reduction is finished.
6) The method reduces the metallic nickel entering the slag by the measures of reducing the hot matte grade of the smelting furnace, improving the sulfur content of the converter slag, reducing the oxygen content of crude copper at the end point of copper making of the converter, adding coke to reduce NiO, improving the sulfur content of the crude copper at the oxidation end point of the anode furnace, reducing the oxygen content of anode copper at the reduction end point of the anode furnace and the like. In the above steps, the weight of the copper water is removed from the weight of the cladding, and the direct recovery rate of the metal nickel on the anode plate of the furnace is 71.5%, which is 16.5% higher than that on the optimized premise.
According to the invention, the grade of hot matte in the smelting furnace is reduced, the amount of slag is reduced, so that the metallic nickel taken away by the smelting slag is reduced, the end point of the converter slagging period is under blown, the sulfur content of the converter slag is improved, the slag entering rate of the metallic nickel can be reduced, the oxygen content of crude copper at the end point of the converter copper making is reduced, the direct recovery rate of the metallic nickel is improved by adding a reducing agent before copper is discharged, the degree of oxidation reduction of the anode furnace is adjusted, the entering of the metallic nickel into refining slag is reduced, the proportion of NiO in the anode copper is reduced, the proportion of the metallic nickel entering into anode mud in the electrolysis process is favorably reduced, and the direct recovery rate of the nickel is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for improving the direct nickel yield of a copper pyrometallurgical system is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
1) Smelting by a smelting furnace: producing low-grade hot copper matte by a smelting furnace, and controlling the grade of the hot copper matte to be 58-60%;
2) Blowing in a converter slagging stage: blowing the hot matte with lower grade into a converter for slagging, and under-blowing at the end point of a slagging period, wherein the sulfur content of the converter slag is controlled to be 0.4-0.6%, so that the sulfur content of the converter slag is improved;
3) Blowing in the converter copper making period: reducing the oxygen content of the crude copper at the end point of the copper making period to be below 0.3 percent, and simultaneously adding coke as a reducing agent before copper discharging;
4) Anode furnace refining: and (4) refining by adopting measures of reducing the oxidation degree and deepening the reduction degree, performing deep reduction after proper oxidation, and controlling the oxygen content of the anode copper at the reduction end point to be less than 0.15%.
2. The method for improving the direct nickel yield of the copper pyrometallurgical system according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 4, the sulfur content of the crude copper at the oxidation end point is controlled to be 0.005-0.008%.
3. The method for improving the direct nickel yield of the copper pyrometallurgical system according to claim 2, wherein: in the step 4, the sulfur content of the crude copper at the oxidation end point is controlled to be 0.005-0.008%, and the means comprises one or more of reduction of oxidation time and reduction of the using amount of oxides.
4. The method for improving the direct nickel yield of the copper pyrometallurgical system of claim 3, wherein: the amount of the oxide is reduced, and the air supply amount or the air supply time is reduced.
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| US4036636A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1977-07-19 | Kennecott Copper Corporation | Pyrometallurgical process for smelting nickel and nickel-copper concentrates including slag treatment |
| CN100999786A (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2007-07-18 | 金川集团有限公司 | Process of enriching noble metal from sulfide copper nickle mineral |
| CN101328537B (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2010-04-21 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Process for comprehensive recovery nickel, copper, cobalt, sulfur and magnesium from high magnesium and nickle ore concentrate |
| CN203820873U (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-09-10 | 合肥金星机电科技发展有限公司 | Copper converter blowing control system |
| CN103667740B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-07-01 | 金隆铜业有限公司 | Automatic control system for copper converter converting |
| CN105002371A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-10-28 | 赤峰金峰冶金技术发展有限公司 | Process for producing anode copper by adoption of four connected furnaces |
| CN105087957B (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2016-11-02 | 云南锡业股份有限公司铜业分公司 | High miscellaneous copper-contained material Double Tops blow smelts the method reclaiming valuable metal |
| CN111778407A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-10-16 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Treatment method for converting sulfur-containing blister copper furnace slag in Kaldo furnace |
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