CN110607459B - Method for converting high-grade matte by using horizontal converter - Google Patents
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for converting high-grade matte by using a horizontal converter, aiming at solving the technical problems of long converting period, low air supply time rate and low single-furnace output of the existing matte converting method, and the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps: 1) selecting matte with the grade of 70-75% as a blowing raw material; 2) when the converter is empty and the like, the hearth is insulated by natural gas; 3) feeding 50 tons of materials into a converter for converting; 4) after blowing for 30-50min, feeding 25 tons of materials into the converter, and continuing blowing; 5) after blowing for 25-35min, feeding 25 tons of materials into the converter, then blowing for 5min, adding quartz stone into the converter, and continuing blowing; 6) and continuously blowing for 65-75min, precipitating for 5min, and performing slag discharging operation. The invention changes the traditional two-period converting method into the single-period converting method by converting the high-grade matte in the horizontal converter, shortens the converting time, and has the advantages of higher safety factor, large cold charge treatment capacity, lower production cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crude copper smelting, and particularly relates to a method for converting high-grade matte by using a horizontal converter.
Background
The horizontal converter is used as main equipment for copper matte converting, and is widely applied to actual production by various enterprises due to simple operation and low energy consumption. FeS and Cu which are main components of traditional copper sulfonium2S, wherein the iron content is between 15 and 20 percent, the copper content is between 60 and 65 percent, and the blowing is divided into two periods:
one cycle of 2FeS +3O2＝2FeO+2SO2 (1)
2FeO+SiO2＝2FeO·SiO2 (2)
Periodic 2Cu2S+3O2＝2Cu2O+2SO2 (3)
Cu2S+2Cu2O＝6Cu+SO2 (4)
In one cycle, FeS in the matte reacts with oxygen and quartz to react sulfur with SO2Is removed in the form of 2 FeO. SiO2Is removed whileEmitting a large amount of heat, Cu in the copper matte during the cycle2S reacts with oxygen to convert sulfur to SO2The crude copper is obtained and a certain amount of heat is released, and in order to control the temperature of the furnace and improve the yield, a large amount of cold charge needs to be added into each furnace.
The copper matte converting process has enough heat in the converting process and is easy to operate. However, there are many disadvantages, firstly, when a period of operation is performed, each batch of material needs to be discharged once, the whole blowing process has a large amount of slag, the labor intensity of workers is high, and the addition of the period blowing end point and quartz is difficult to judge, if the judgment is inaccurate, the iron in copper matte is not removed completely, or the quartz is excessive, which may cause the period blowing time to be long or the furnace blowing to occur. Secondly, the blowing time is long, the air supply rate is low, the single-furnace operation time is between 450 and 480min, and the air supply rate is between 65 and 70 percent. Finally, the single furnace output is low, and the crude copper output of each furnace is 75-80 tons.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of long converting period, low air supply time rate, low single-furnace yield, low system capacity and high labor intensity in the existing matte converting method, and provides a method for converting high-grade matte by using a horizontal converter.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
1. a method for converting high-grade matte by using a horizontal converter comprises the following steps:
1) the blowing raw material is selected, matte with the grade of 70-75% is selected as the blowing raw material, in the traditional copper matte blowing method, no matter what the grade of matte entering a furnace is, after one period of blowing is finished, the copper grade of the obtained copper matte is basically 70-75%, and when the matte grade is in the interval, the heat balance calculation is carried out, the heat generated by the reaction can realize the heat balance in the blowing process, so the grade of the selected matte is 70-75%.
2) When the converter is empty and the like, preserving the heat of a hearth by using natural gas to ensure that the temperature of the converter is not lower than 700 ℃, and simultaneously adding 10-15 tons of cold materials into the converter;
3) 50 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are opened to ensure that the total gas flow into the converter is kept at 22000m3/h-24000m3The oxygen content in the furnace is 23% -24%, then the furnace body is transferred to a blowing position for blowing, and in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, a residual electrode is added into the furnace to adjust the furnace temperature, so that the furnace temperature is kept at 1200 +/-50 ℃;
4) after blowing for 30-50min, transferring the furnace body to a feeding position, closing a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve, feeding 25 tons of materials into the converter, and then opening the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve to keep the total gas flow into the converter at 22000m3/h-24000m3The oxygen content in the furnace is 23% -24%, then the furnace body is rotated to the blowing position for continuous blowing, and in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, the residual anode is added into the furnace to adjust the furnace temperature, so that the furnace temperature is kept at 1200 +/-50 ℃;
5) after blowing for 25-35min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are closed, 25 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and then the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve are opened to ensure that the total gas flow in the converter is kept at 22000m3/h-24000m3H, controlling the oxygen content in the furnace to be 23% -24%, then transferring the furnace body to a converting position for converting for 5min, adding quartz stone into the furnace, and continuing converting;
6) continuing converting for 65-75min, transferring the furnace body to a feeding position, precipitating for 5min, discharging slag, cooling discharged slag, damaging the slag, and sending the slag to a storage bin to perform furnace returning treatment in an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace; the obtained crude copper is poured into an anode furnace for oxidation reduction treatment.
Further, the matte grade in the step 1) is 73%.
Further, the total gas flow rate into the furnace in the step 3), the step 4) and the step 5) is 23000m3/h。
Further, the adding amount of the anode scrap in the step 3) and the step 4) is 2-3 tons.
Further, the amount of the quartz stone added in the step 5) is 1.5 to 2 tons.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the high-grade matte is blown in the horizontal converter, and the traditional two-period blowing method is changed into single-period blowing, so that the blowing time is shortened, the blowing process is stable, furnace blowing accidents are not easy to occur, and the safety coefficient is higher;
2. according to the invention, the natural gas is used for thermal compensation, so that the capacity of treating high-copper-content materials in each furnace is increased, and the yield of single-furnace blister copper is improved;
3. according to the invention, 70% -75% grade matte is selected as a blowing raw material, so that the converter slag amount is greatly reduced, the slag discharge time and the transfer frequency of the converter slag are reduced, the air supply time rate is improved, and the labor intensity is reduced; because the amount of slag is greatly reduced and the copper content of the slag is higher, the slag can be directly used as a material for adjusting the grade of matte in an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace, the process of selecting copper from slag is omitted, and the production cost is reduced, therefore, compared with the technical background, the invention has the advantages of large cold burden processing amount, higher system capacity, higher air supply time rate, lower production cost, high safety factor, lower labor intensity of workers and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a method for converting high-grade matte by using a horizontal converter includes the following steps:
1) selecting converting raw materials, namely selecting matte with the grade of 70% as the converting raw materials;
2) when the converter is empty, and the like, because the heat dissipation of the converter body is faster, in order to keep the heat balance in the blowing process, the natural gas is used for preserving the heat of the hearth, so that the temperature of the converter is not lower than 700 ℃, and simultaneously, 10-15 tons of cold burden is added into the converter; the cold material is outsourced impure copper, a high copper-containing material generated in the production of an anode furnace in the next procedure and a splash in the production process of the converter;
3) 50 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are opened to ensure that the total gas flow into the converter is kept to be 22000 +/-200 m3H, the oxygen content in the furnace is 23% -24%, then the furnace body is transferred to a blowing position for blowing, and in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, 2-3 tons of oxygen are added into the furnaceAdjusting the furnace temperature by using a residual anode to keep the furnace temperature at 1200 +/-50 ℃, wherein the residual anode is the residual part at the end of anode electrolysis in the copper electrolysis process;
4) after blowing for 30-50min, transferring the furnace body to a feeding position, closing a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve, feeding 25 tons of materials into the converter, and then opening the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve to keep the total gas flow into the converter at 22000 +/-200 m3The oxygen content in the furnace is 23% -24%, then the furnace body is transferred to a blowing position for continuous blowing, and in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, 2-3 tons of residual electrodes are added into the furnace to adjust the furnace temperature, so that the furnace temperature is kept at 1200 +/-50 ℃;
5) after blowing for 30min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are closed, 25 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and then the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve are opened to ensure that the total gas flow entering the converter is kept to 22000 +/-200 m3H, controlling the oxygen content in the furnace to be 23% -24%, then transferring the furnace body to a converting position for converting for 5min, adding 1.5 tons of quartz stone into the furnace, and continuing converting;
6) after blowing is continued for 72min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, sedimentation is carried out for 5min, slag discharging operation is carried out, discharged slag particles are damaged after being cooled, and the slag particles are sent to a storage bin to be blown back in the oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace; the obtained crude copper is poured into an anode furnace for oxidation reduction treatment, and the yield of the single-furnace crude copper is 91 tons.
Example 2
In this embodiment, a method for converting high-grade matte by using a horizontal converter includes the following steps:
1) selecting blowing raw materials, namely selecting matte with the grade of 72% as the blowing raw materials;
2) when a converter is empty, and the like, because the heat dissipation of a converter body is fast, in order to keep the heat balance in the blowing process, the hearth is insulated by natural gas, the temperature of the converter is not lower than 700 ℃, and simultaneously 10-15 tons of cold burden are added into the converter, wherein the cold burden is outsourced impure copper, a high copper-containing material generated in the production of an anode furnace in the next procedure, a splash in the production process of the converter and a matte cladding;
3) 50 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are opened to feed the materials into the converterThe total gas flow of the furnace is kept at 22500 +/-200 m3The oxygen content in the furnace is 23% -24%, then the furnace body is transferred to a blowing position for blowing, in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, 2-3 tons of residual electrodes are added into the furnace to adjust the furnace temperature, so that the furnace temperature is kept at 1200 +/-50 ℃, and the residual electrodes are the residual parts when the anode electrolysis is finished in the copper electrolysis process;
4) after blowing for 30min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are closed, 25 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and then the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve are opened to ensure that the total gas flow into the converter is kept to be 22500 +/-200 m3The oxygen content in the furnace is 23% -24%, then the furnace body is transferred to a blowing position for continuous blowing, and in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, 2-3 tons of residual electrodes are added into the furnace to adjust the furnace temperature, so that the furnace temperature is kept at 1200 +/-50 ℃;
5) after blowing for 25min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are closed, 25 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and then the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve are opened to ensure that the total gas flow into the converter is kept to be 22500 +/-200 m3H, controlling the oxygen content in the furnace to be 23% -24%, then transferring the furnace body to a converting position for converting for 5min, adding 1.5 tons of quartz stone into the furnace, and continuing converting;
6) continuing converting for 65min, transferring the furnace body to a feeding position, precipitating for 5min, discharging slag, cooling discharged slag, damaging the slag, and sending the slag to a storage bin to perform furnace returning treatment in an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace; the obtained crude copper is poured into an anode furnace for oxidation reduction treatment, and the yield of the single-furnace crude copper is 90 tons.
Example 3
In this embodiment, a method for converting high-grade matte by using a horizontal converter includes the following steps:
1) selecting blowing raw materials, namely selecting matte with the grade of 73% as the blowing raw materials;
2) when the converter is empty, the hearth is insulated by natural gas, the temperature of the converter is not lower than 700 ℃, and simultaneously 10-15 tons of cold burden are added into the converter, wherein the cold burden is outsourced impure copper, a high copper-containing material generated in the production of an anode furnace in the next procedure and a splash in the production process of the converter;
3) 50 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are opened to ensure that the total gas flow into the converter is kept at 23000 +/-200 m3The oxygen content in the furnace is 23% -24%, then the furnace body is transferred to a blowing position for blowing, in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, 2-3 tons of residual electrodes are added into the furnace to adjust the furnace temperature, so that the furnace temperature is kept at 1200 +/-50 ℃, and the residual electrodes are the residual parts when the anode electrolysis is finished in the copper electrolysis process;
4) after blowing for 40min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are closed, 25 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and then the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve are opened to ensure that the total gas flow entering the converter is kept at 23000 +/-200 m3The oxygen content in the furnace is 23% -24%, then the furnace body is transferred to a blowing position for continuous blowing, and in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, 2-3 tons of residual electrodes are added into the furnace to adjust the furnace temperature, so that the furnace temperature is kept at 1200 +/-50 ℃;
5) after blowing for 30min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are closed, 25 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and then the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve are opened, so that the total gas flow in the converter is kept to be 23000 +/-200 m3H, controlling the oxygen content in the furnace to be 23% -24%, then transferring the furnace body to a converting position for converting for 5min, adding 1.8 tons of quartz stone into the furnace, and continuing converting;
6) after blowing is continued for 70min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, sedimentation is carried out for 5min, slag discharging operation is carried out, discharged slag particles are damaged after being cooled, and the slag particles are sent to a storage bin to be blown back in an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace; the obtained crude copper is poured into an anode furnace for oxidation reduction treatment, and the yield of the single-furnace crude copper is 85 tons.
Example 4
In this embodiment, a method for converting high-grade matte by using a horizontal converter includes the following steps:
1) selecting blowing raw materials, namely selecting matte with the grade of 75% as the blowing raw materials;
2) when the converter is empty, and the like, because the heat dissipation of the converter body is faster, in order to keep the heat balance in the blowing process, the hearth is insulated by natural gas, the temperature of the converter is not lower than 700 ℃, and simultaneously 10-15 tons of cold burden are added into the converter, wherein the cold burden is outsourced impure copper, a high copper-containing material generated in the production of an anode furnace in the next procedure, and splashes generated in the production process of the converter. (ii) a
3) 50 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are opened to ensure that the total gas flow into the converter is kept 24000 +/-200 m3The oxygen content in the furnace is 23% -24%, then the furnace body is transferred to a blowing position for blowing, in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, 2-3 tons of residual electrodes are added into the furnace to adjust the furnace temperature, so that the furnace temperature is kept at 1200 +/-50 ℃, and the residual electrodes are the residual parts when the anode electrolysis is finished in the copper electrolysis process;
4) after blowing for 50min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are closed, 25 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and then the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve are opened, so that the total gas flow into the converter is kept to 24000 +/-200 m3The oxygen content in the furnace is 23% -24%, then the furnace body is transferred to a blowing position for continuous blowing, and in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, 2-3 tons of residual electrodes are added into the furnace to adjust the furnace temperature, so that the furnace temperature is kept at 1200 +/-50 ℃;
5) after blowing for 35min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are closed, 25 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and then the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve are opened, so that the total gas flow into the converter is kept to 24000 +/-200 m3H, controlling the oxygen content in the furnace to be 23% -24%, then transferring the furnace body to a converting position for converting for 5min, adding 2 tons of quartz stone into the furnace, and continuing converting;
6) after blowing is continued for 75min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, sedimentation is carried out for 5min, slag discharging operation is carried out, discharged slag particles are damaged after being cooled, and the slag particles are sent to a storage bin to be blown back in the oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace; the obtained crude copper is poured into an anode furnace for oxidation reduction treatment, and the yield of the single-furnace crude copper is 88 tons.
The blowing principle of the invention is as follows: when the matte grade is 70-75%, the content of other components of iron is 3% -5%, the content of sulfur is 19% -20%, and the heat released by the oxidation of iron and sulfur is enough to maintain the heat balance of the blowing process. However, when the iron content is too low, the converter is operatedAfter the blowing, the added quartz stone is not melted yet to participate in the reaction, and the FeS in the copper matte is already generated into Fe according to the reaction (5)3O4Therefore, FeS cannot proceed according to the reactions (1) and (2), and 2 FeO. SiO is produced2The reaction (5) is as follows: 3FeS +5O2＝Fe3O4+3SO2And when the quartz is melted, no corresponding FeO in the melt reacts with the quartz, and the melted quartz expands in the furnace along with the blowing, so that furnace blowing occurs. Therefore, in the blowing process, when judging that the blowing end point is reached, slightly over-blowing is carried out to blow FeS into CuFe with better flowability2O4Then slag discharging operation is carried out.
However, due to slight over-blowing, part of the elemental Cu is oxidized to Cu2O, making the slag contain higher copper due to SiO2Can reduce Cu2O solubility in slag, so 1.5-2 tons of quartz can be added to the furnace after the last batch is run in each furnace.
Claims (5)
1. A method for converting high-grade matte by using a horizontal converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting blowing raw materials, namely selecting matte with the grade of 70-75% as the blowing raw materials;
2) when the converter is empty and the like, preserving the heat of a hearth by using natural gas to ensure that the temperature of the converter is not lower than 700 ℃, and simultaneously adding 10-15 tons of cold materials into the converter;
3) 50 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are opened to ensure that the total gas flow into the converter is kept at 22000m3/h-24000m3The oxygen content in the furnace is 23% -24%, then the furnace body is transferred to a blowing position for blowing, and in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, a residual electrode is added into the furnace to adjust the furnace temperature, so that the furnace temperature is kept at 1200 +/-50 ℃;
4) after blowing for 30-50min, transferring the furnace body to a feeding position, closing a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve, feeding 25 tons of materials into the converter, and then opening the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve to keep the total gas flow into the converter at 22000m3/h-24000m3H, the oxygen content in the furnace is 23-24%,then, the furnace body is rotated to a blowing position for continuous blowing, and in the blowing process, when the furnace temperature is higher, the residual anode is added into the furnace to adjust the furnace temperature, so that the furnace temperature is kept at 1200 +/-50 ℃;
5) after blowing for 25-35min, the furnace body is transferred to a feeding position, a compressed air valve and an oxygen valve are closed, 25 tons of materials are fed into the converter, and then the compressed air valve and the oxygen valve are opened to ensure that the total gas flow in the converter is kept at 22000m3/h-24000m3H, controlling the oxygen content in the furnace to be 23% -24%, then transferring the furnace body to a converting position for converting for 5min, adding quartz stone into the furnace, and continuing converting;
6) continuing converting for 65-75min, transferring the furnace body to a feeding position, precipitating for 5min, discharging slag, cooling discharged slag, damaging the slag, and sending the slag to a storage bin to perform furnace returning treatment in an oxygen-enriched bottom blowing furnace; the obtained crude copper is poured into an anode furnace for oxidation reduction treatment.
2. The method for converting high-grade matte by using the horizontal converter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the grade of the matte in the step 1) is 73%.
3. The method for converting high-grade matte by using the horizontal converter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the total gas flow rate into the furnace in the step 3), the step 4) and the step 5) is 23000m3/h。
4. The method for converting high-grade matte by using the horizontal converter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the amount of the anode scrap added in the step 3) and the step 4) is 2-3 tons.
5. The method for converting high-grade matte by using the horizontal converter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the amount of the quartz stone added in the step 5) is 1.5 to 2 tons.
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| CN111690821B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-07-12 | 包头华鼎铜业发展有限公司 | Continuous converting process for high-grade matte |
| CN116875813B (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-11-07 | 内蒙古兴安银铅冶炼有限公司 | Slag furnace high-matte converting process |
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| SU540930A1 (en) * | 1972-06-27 | 1976-12-30 | Специальное конструкторское бюро тяжелых цветных металлов при Институте "Гинцветмет" | Metallurgical unit |
| CN101148705A (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2008-03-26 | 中条山有色金属集团有限公司 | Oxygen-enriched air refining method for copper by using converting furnace |
| CN101165196A (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-23 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Technique for continuously smelting copper by employing oxygen bottom converter and device thereof |
| CN103643051A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-03-19 | 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 | Process and device for treating copper-lead smelting mixed slag through bottom-blowing bath smelting technology |
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- 2019-09-20 CN CN201910893568.3A patent/CN110607459B/en active Active
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| SU540930A1 (en) * | 1972-06-27 | 1976-12-30 | Специальное конструкторское бюро тяжелых цветных металлов при Институте "Гинцветмет" | Metallurgical unit |
| CN101165196A (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-23 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Technique for continuously smelting copper by employing oxygen bottom converter and device thereof |
| CN101148705A (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2008-03-26 | 中条山有色金属集团有限公司 | Oxygen-enriched air refining method for copper by using converting furnace |
| CN103643051A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-03-19 | 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 | Process and device for treating copper-lead smelting mixed slag through bottom-blowing bath smelting technology |
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Address after: 043700 Dongfeng mountain, Xincheng Town, Yuanqu County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province Patentee after: Shanxi North Copper Co.,Ltd. Address before: 043700 Dongfeng Mountain, Yuanqu County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province Patentee before: Northern Copper Industrial Co. |
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