CN114286795A - Braking device for rail-guided apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is provided with a brake mechanism (40), wherein the brake mechanism (40) is provided with a push frame (50), a fluid pressure cylinder (13), and a brake pad (12), the push frame (50) is arranged so as to extend in a horizontal direction orthogonal to a rail (4) between a lower balance beam (9 c) (lower balance beam) of a balance device at the lowermost layer and the rail (4), the fluid pressure cylinder (13) is mounted between both end portions of the push frame (50) in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the rail (4) and both side surfaces of the lower balance beam (9 c) (lower balance beam) of the balance device at the lowermost layer, and the pressing frame (50) is lifted, the brake pad (12) is mounted on the lower surface of the pressing frame, and the fluid pressure cylinder (13) is fixed by an elastic member (60) which absorbs the bending force acting on the piston rod (13 b) of the fluid pressure cylinder (13).

Description

Braking device for rail-guided apparatus

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a brake device for a track-traveling apparatus.

Background

Fig. 1 shows an example of a container crane as a general rail traveling type facility, in which reference numeral 1 denotes a container crane, reference numeral 2 denotes a harbor equipped with the container crane 1, reference numeral 3 denotes a quay wall of the harbor 2, reference numeral 4 denotes a rail laid on the quay wall 3 so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface of fig. 1, and a traveling device 8 having a traveling wheel 7 capable of rolling along the rail 4 is attached to a support leg 6 of a crane body 5 of the container crane 1.

When the container crane 1 is blown by strong wind during the loading and unloading operations at the quay, the container crane may run away without stopping and may fall down against the adjacent facilities or structures in the vicinity, contrary to the intention of the operator.

For this reason, as a device for preventing the runaway of the track-traveling type equipment, there is a clamp device as disclosed in patent document 1, for example, in the related art. The clamping device includes a clamping mechanism that couples a pair of contacts having clamping portions formed at their distal ends to each other so that the contacts are rotatable about an axis at substantially the middle portions thereof, a spring mechanism that is provided at the proximal ends of the contacts of the clamping mechanism and narrows the gap between the proximal ends of the contacts, the clamping portion always rotating the contacts in a closing direction across a rail, and a rotary cam that drives cam receiving portions formed at the proximal ends of the contacts in a direction in which the cam receiving portions are pushed open from the inside thereof, and releases the clamping of the rail by the clamping portions.

However, in the clamp device disclosed in patent document 1, since the rail is sandwiched from both sides, in order to increase the friction coefficient with the rail surface, in the case where the contact surface on the clamp device side is provided with serrated teeth or the contact surface is hardened like a file, there is a possibility that the side surface of the rail is damaged. Further, when the accuracy of the side surface of the rail is low and the dimension from the center line in the width direction to the side surface varies from left to right, or when corrosion of the rail occurs, the clamping by the clamping portion is not uniformly performed, the fastening force is greatly reduced, and a sufficient holding force may not be obtained.

In order to solve such a problem, a brake device has been developed which includes a fluid pressure cylinder such as a hydraulic cylinder that can press and release a brake pad in a direction perpendicular to a rolling surface of a traveling wheel on a track (see, for example, patent document 2).

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 6-72690.

Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open No. 2015-58805.

However, in recent years, in the track-traveling type facility such as the container crane 1, there has been an increasing demand for a brake device to be provided below the traveling device 8. This is to cope with a case where the brake device cannot be provided under the lower frame extending along the rail 4 so as to connect the support legs 6 of the crane body 5, particularly when retrofitting an existing rail-traveling apparatus or the like.

However, in the conventional brake device as described in patent document 2, the length of the fluid pressure cylinder cannot be shortened, and it is difficult to provide a brake device below the traveling device 8.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a brake device for a track-running machine, which can eliminate restrictions on an installation location during modification and can improve the degree of freedom of installation.

The present invention relates to a brake device for a track-traveling facility, the track-traveling facility including a traveling device having at least one balance device including an upper side balance beam and a pair of lower side balance beams, the upper side balance beam being arranged to be swingable, an intermediate portion of the upper side balance beam being supported by a lock pin extending in a horizontal direction perpendicular to a traveling direction at a lower portion of a support leg traveling on a track, the pair of lower side balance beams being arranged to be swingable, an intermediate portion of the lower side balance beam being supported by both end portions in the traveling direction of the upper side balance beam by the lock pin extending in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, the traveling device including traveling wheels arranged to be rollable along the track at both end portions in the traveling direction of the lower side balance beam of the balance device at the lowermost layer, the brake device for the track-traveling facility including a brake mechanism, the brake mechanism includes a pressing frame, a fluid pressure cylinder, and a brake pad, wherein the pressing frame is disposed between the lower side balance beam of the lowermost balance device and the rail so as to extend in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the rail, the fluid pressure cylinder is mounted between both end portions of the pressing frame in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the rail and both side surfaces of the lower side balance beam of the lowermost balance device and raises and lowers the pressing frame, the brake pad is mounted on a lower surface of the pressing frame, and the fluid pressure cylinder is fixed via an elastic member that absorbs a bending force acting on a piston rod of the fluid pressure cylinder.

Preferably, in the braking device for a track-traveling apparatus, the elastic member is attached to a lower surface of a support bracket extending from the lower equalizer and fixed between a rear surface of a cylinder body of the fluid pressure cylinder on the lower surface of the support bracket by a fastening member, and a distal end portion of a piston rod of the fluid pressure cylinder is screwed into the push frame.

The brake device for a track-traveling apparatus may further include a metal plate attached between the elastic member and the back surface of the cylinder body of the fluid pressure cylinder.

Effects of the invention

According to the braking device for a track-traveling facility of the present invention, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect that the restriction of the installation position at the time of modification is eliminated and the degree of freedom of installation can be improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall side view showing an example of a container crane as a rail-mounted equipment.

Fig. 2 is a front view showing an embodiment of a braking device of a track-traveling apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a braking device of a track-traveling apparatus according to the present invention, and is a diagram showing a state where braking is released.

Fig. 4 is a view from IV-IV of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a braking device of a track-traveling apparatus according to the present invention, and is a diagram showing a state in which braking is being performed.

Fig. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a reference example of a braking device of a track-traveling apparatus according to the present invention, and is a diagram showing a state where braking is released.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 2 to 5 are embodiments of a braking device of a track-traveling apparatus according to the present invention, and parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those of fig. 1 represent the same parts.

In the container crane 1 as the rail traveling type facility shown in fig. 2, a lower frame 6a extending along the rail 4 so as to connect the support legs 6 to each other is provided between the support legs 6 of the crane main body 5, and a plurality of (two in the example of fig. 2) traveling devices 8 are provided on the bottom surface side of the lower frame 6 a.

The traveling device 8 includes an upper balance beam 9a, an intermediate balance beam 9b, a lower balance beam 9c, and a traveling wheel 7.

The upper balancer beam 9a is disposed so as to be swingable, and the middle portion thereof is supported on the bottom surface side of the lower frame 6a by a lock pin 10a extending in the horizontal direction at right angles to the traveling direction. The intermediate balance beam 9b is arranged to be swingable, and the intermediate portion thereof is supported by both ends in the traveling direction of the upper balance beam 9a by lock pins 10b extending in the horizontal direction at right angles to the traveling direction. The lower equalizer bar 9c is arranged to be swingable, and the middle portion thereof is supported by the two ends in the traveling direction of the middle equalizer bar 9b by lock pins 10c extending in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the traveling direction.

The traveling wheels 7 are disposed at both ends of the lower equalizer bar 9c in the traveling direction so as to be rollable along the rails 4.

In the example shown in fig. 2, the balancer 9A including the upper balancer beam 9A and the middle balancer beam 9B and the balancer 9B including the middle balancer beam 9B and the lower balancer beam 9c are formed in two stages. Incidentally, the upper balance beam 9A of the balance device 9A on the upper stage is an upper balance beam, and the middle balance beam 9b is a lower balance beam. The middle balance beam 9B of the lower-stage balancer 9B is an upper balance beam, and the lower balance beam 9c is a lower balance beam. However, depending on the scale of the container crane 1 as the track-traveling facility, only one layer of the balancer 9A may be formed, and the traveling wheels 7 may be arranged on the lower side balancer beam (in this case, the intermediate balancer beam 9 b). Further, the balancer device may be formed in three or more layers, and the traveling wheels 7 that can freely roll along the rails 4 may be disposed at both ends in the traveling direction of the lower balancer beam of the balancer device in the lowermost layer.

The lower balance beam 9c (lower balance beam) is configured such that a plurality of (two in the example of fig. 3 and 4) plate members 9cp are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the track 4, and plate members 9cq connecting the plate members 9cp are arranged.

A brake mechanism 40 is disposed at each of the traveling devices 8. However, the braking mechanism 40 is not necessarily disposed at each traveling device 8, and one braking mechanism 40 may be provided as long as a sufficient braking force is obtained.

The brake mechanism 40 is attached to a lower balance beam 9c (lower balance beam) on which the traveling wheel 7 is disposed, and includes a thrust frame 50, a fluid pressure cylinder 13, and a brake pad 12, as shown in fig. 3.

The pressing frame 50 of the brake mechanism 40 is disposed so as to extend in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the rail 4 between the lower equalizer bar 9c (lower equalizer bar) and the rail 4.

The fluid pressure cylinder 13 of the brake mechanism 40 is attached between both ends of the thrust frame 50 in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the rail 4 and both side surfaces of the lower balance beam 9c (lower balance beam) so as to raise and lower the thrust frame 50.

A fixed frame 51 is attached to the lower balance beam 9c (lower balance beam), and a cylinder main body 13a of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 is fixed to a lower surface of a support bracket 52 extending from the fixed frame 51 via a fastening member 80 such as a bolt and a metal plate 70 (e.g., a steel plate) via an elastic member 60 (e.g., urethane rubber).

The distal end portion of the piston rod 13b suspended from the cylinder body 13a is screwed into the push frame 50 and fixed by a nut 90.

The fixed frame 51 includes stoppers 51a facing both end surfaces of the push frame 50 in the longitudinal direction of the rail 4, and movement of the push frame 50 in the longitudinal direction of the rail 4 is restricted by the stoppers 51a (see fig. 3 and 4).

As shown in fig. 4, two fluid pressure cylinders 13 are provided on one side, but the number thereof may be set to one or three or more as necessary.

The brake pad 12 of the brake mechanism 40 is attached to the lower surface of the push frame 50.

The fluid pressure unit 14 is connected to the fluid pressure cylinder 13.

The fluid pressure unit 14 is configured to freely supply and discharge a working fluid such as oil to and from the head side chamber 13c and the rod side chamber 13d of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 and to extend and contract the fluid pressure cylinder 13, and the configuration thereof will be described in detail below.

The fluid pressure unit 14 includes a pressure feed line 16 extending from a tank 15 in which the working fluid is stored, a cover side line 17 connected to a cover side chamber 13c (a chamber on the side where the piston rod 13b does not protrude) of the fluid pressure cylinder 13, a rod side line 18 connected to a rod side chamber 13d (a chamber on the side where the piston rod 13b protrudes) of the fluid pressure cylinder 13, and a return line 19 leading to the tank 15. A pump 21 driven by a motor 20 and a check valve 22 for preventing a reverse flow of the working fluid pressure-fed by the pump 21 are provided in the pressure-feed line 16. The pressure-feed line 16 and the return line 19, and the lid-side line 17 and the rod-side line 18 are connected via an electromagnetic valve 23, and an accumulator 25 is connected to a pressure accumulation line 24 that branches from the pressure-feed line 16 between the check valve 22 and the electromagnetic valve 23.

The solenoid valve 23 has a brake operating position 23A and a brake release position 23B. The aforementioned brake operating position 23A is the following position: the working fluid pumped by the pump 21 is introduced into the head side chamber 13c of the fluid cylinder 13 by communicating the pressure-feed line 16 with the head side line 17, and the working fluid in the rod side chamber 13d of the fluid cylinder 13 is discharged to the tank 15 by communicating the rod side line 18 with the return line 19. The brake release position 23B is a position in which: the working fluid pumped by the pump 21 is introduced into the rod side chamber 13d of the fluid cylinder 13 by communicating the pressure-feed line 16 with the rod side line 18, and the working fluid in the head side chamber 13c of the fluid cylinder 13 is discharged to the tank 15 by communicating the head side line 17 with the return line 19. The solenoid valve 23 is mechanically switched to the brake operating position 23A by a spring force when the energization of the solenoid is stopped at an emergency stop (an emergency intentional power failure) or at a power failure.

A pressure reducing line 26 leading to the tank 15 is branched and connected to a middle of the pressure-feed line 16 between the pump 21 and the check valve 22, and a pressure reducing valve 27 that opens when the pressure of the working fluid in the pressure-feed line 16 is equal to or higher than a set pressure and returns the working fluid to the tank 15 is provided to a middle of the pressure reducing line 26.

A high-level pressure switch 28H that operates when the pressure of the working fluid in the accumulator line 24 reaches a high-level set pressure, a low-level pressure switch 28L that operates when the pressure of the working fluid in the accumulator line 24 reaches a low-level set pressure, and a shut-off valve 28V that is opened (normally opened) at all times and closed when the high-level pressure switch 28H operates are provided midway in the accumulator line 24. Accordingly, when the pressure of the working fluid in the pressure accumulation line 24 reaches the set pressure of the accumulator 25, the high-pressure switch 28H is operated to output a stop command to the motor 20 of the pump 21 from a control device not shown and the shut-off valve 28V is closed, whereas when the pressure is lower than the set pressure of the accumulator 25, the low-pressure switch 28L is operated to output a drive command to the motor 20 of the pump 21 from the control device and the shut-off valve 28V is opened.

A drain line 29 for discharging the working fluid in the accumulator 25 to the tank 15 during maintenance or the like is connected to a middle of the pressure accumulation line 24, and a manual opening/closing valve 30 opened and closed by an operator is provided in the drain line 29.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

As shown in fig. 3, when the solenoid valve 23 of the fluid pressure unit 14 is switched to the brake release position 23B, the pressure-feed line 16 and the rod-side line 18 communicate with each other, and the working fluid pressure-fed by the pump 21 is introduced into the rod-side chamber 13d of the fluid cylinder 13, and the head-side line 17 and the return line 19 communicate with each other, whereby the working fluid in the head-side chamber 13c of the fluid cylinder 13 is discharged to the tank 15. Thereby, the piston rod 13b moves in a direction contracting inside the fluid pressure cylinder 13, the pressing frame 50 is lifted upward, the brake pads 12 integrated with the pressing frame 50 are separated from the traveling wheel rolling surfaces 4a of the rail 4, braking is released, and the container crane 1 can travel.

On the other hand, when the solenoid valve 23 of the fluid pressure unit 14 is switched to the brake operation position 23A from the state shown in fig. 3 as shown in fig. 5, the pressure-feed line 16 and the cover-side line 17 communicate with each other, and the working fluid pressure-fed by the pump 21 is introduced into the cover-side chamber 13c of the fluid cylinder 13, and the rod-side line 18 and the return line 19 communicate with each other, whereby the working fluid in the rod-side chamber 13d of the fluid cylinder 13 is discharged to the tank 15. Thereby, the piston rod 13b of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 moves in the projecting direction, the pressing frame 50 is pushed down, and the brake pad 12 integrated with the pressing frame 50 is pressed against the running wheel rolling surface 4a of the rail 4 to perform braking.

When the pressure of the working fluid in the pressure accumulation line 24 reaches the high set pressure of the accumulator 25, the high pressure switch 28H is actuated to output a stop command to the motor 20 of the pump 21 from a control device not shown, and the shut-off valve 28V is closed. On the other hand, when the pressure is lower than the low set pressure of the accumulator 25, the low pressure switch 28L is operated, and a drive command is output from the control device to the motor 20 of the pump 21, and the shut valve 28V is opened. Thereby, the accumulator 25 is always pressurized to a pressure between the high set pressure and the low set pressure. The solenoid valve 23 is mechanically switched to the brake operating position 23A by a spring force when the energization of the solenoid is stopped at the time of an emergency stop or a power failure. The shut valve 28V is opened (normally opened) at all times, and is opened at the time of emergency stop or power failure. Therefore, at the time of emergency stop or power failure, the working fluid accumulated in the accumulator 25 is guided from the accumulator line 24 to the head side chamber 13c of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 via the head side line 17, the piston rod 13b moves in the protruding direction, and the brake pad 12 is pressed against the traveling wheel rolling surface 4a of the track 4. As a result, even if the pump 21 is stopped at the time of emergency stop or power failure, braking can be performed.

Here, in general, the fluid pressure cylinder 13 is pinned to a member serving as a base on the back surface side of the cylinder main body 13a, and the end of the piston rod 13b is pinned to a member to be driven. However, in such a pin connection structure, the overall length is increased accordingly, and the limitation of the installation position is inevitably increased.

In contrast, in the case of the present embodiment, the rear surface side of the cylinder body 13a of the fluid cylinder 13 is fixed to the lower surface of the support bracket 52 via the elastic member 60 and the metal plate 70 by the fastening member 80, and the distal end portion of the piston rod 13b hanging from the cylinder body 13a is screwed into the push frame 50 and fixed by the nut 90, and a pin coupling structure is not employed. Therefore, the overall length is shortened and the structure is very advantageous.

Thus, even when a conventional braking device as described in patent document 2 cannot be installed under a lower frame 6a (see fig. 2) connecting support legs 6 of a crane body 5, such as in the modification of a track-travelling device of an existing container crane 1, a braking mechanism 40 can be installed under the travelling device 8.

On the other hand, in the case where the pin connection structure is not employed, a bending force acts on the piston rod 13b of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 during operation of the brake mechanism 40. However, since the bending force acting on the piston rod 13b of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 is absorbed by the elastic member 60, there is no fear of a failure occurring in the fluid pressure cylinder 13, and a reduction in the life of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 is avoided. Further, by providing the metal plate 70 between the elastic member 60 and the fluid pressure cylinder 13, the load acting on the fluid pressure cylinder 13 can be uniformly dispersed and transmitted to the elastic member 60. Further, since the bending force is absorbed by the elastic member 60, the accuracy of mounting the fluid pressure cylinder 13 to the support bracket 52 is not strictly required, and therefore, machining of the surface of the support bracket 52 is not required, which leads to cost reduction.

Thus, the restriction of the installation position during the modification is eliminated, and the degree of freedom of installation can be improved.

Fig. 6 is a reference example of a braking device of a track-traveling apparatus according to the present invention, in which parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in fig. 2 to 5 denote the same objects, and the basic structure is the same as that of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 to 5.

In the case of the present reference example, the fluid pressure cylinder 13 is fixed to the lower surface of the support bracket 52 by disposing a base 65 made of an elastic member such as neoprene rubber on the upper surface side of the support bracket 52 and fastening a fastening member 80 through the base 65.

Next, the operation of the reference example will be described.

In the present reference example, the overall length is increased by the arrangement of the seat 65, but the bending force acting on the piston rod 13b of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 is absorbed by the elastic member 60 and also absorbed by the seat 65 during the operation of the brake mechanism 40, and the movable area of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 is increased, so that the effect of preventing the occurrence of a trouble is further improved, and the reduction in the life of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 is avoided, which is more advantageous.

Other functions are the same as those of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 to 5, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.

In the case of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 to 5, the elastic member 60 is attached between the lower surface of the support bracket 52 extending from the lower balance beam 9c as the lower balance beam and the back surface of the cylinder body 13a of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 fixed to the lower surface of the support bracket 52 by the fastening member 80, and the distal end portion of the piston rod 13b of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 is screwed into the push frame 50. With such a configuration, the overall length can be shortened without adopting a pin connection structure for installing the fluid pressure cylinder 13, and the brake mechanism 40 is provided below the traveling device 8.

In the case of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 to 5, a metal plate 70 is provided between the elastic member 60 and the back surface of the cylinder body 13a of the fluid cylinder 13. With such a configuration, the load acting on the fluid pressure cylinder 13 can be uniformly distributed and transmitted to the elastic member 60.

The braking device for a track-traveling apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is apparent that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1 Container crane (track traveling type equipment)

2 estuary

3 quay wall

4 track

4a running wheel rolling surface

5 Crane body

6 support leg

6a lower frame

7 travelling wheel

8 traveling device

9A balancing device

9B balancing device

9a Upper balance Beam (Upper balance Beam)

9b middle balance beam (lower balance beam (upper balance beam))

9c lower balance beam (lower balance beam)

9cp sheet material

9cq plate

10a locking pin

10b locking pin

10c locking pin

12 brake pad

13 fluid pressure cylinder

13a pressure cylinder body

13b piston rod

13c cover side chamber

13d rod side chamber

14 fluid pressure unit

15 pot

16 pressure feed line

17 head side line

18 pole side line

19 return line

20 Motor

21 pump

22 check valve

23 solenoid valve

23A brake operating position

23B brake release position

24 pressure accumulating pipeline

25 reservoir

26 pressure relief line

27 pressure reducing valve

28H high-level pressure switch

28L low-level pressure switch

28V cut-off valve

29 drainage line

30 hand-operated opening and closing valve

40 brake mechanism

50 push frame

51 fixed frame

51a stop

52 support bracket

60 elastic member

65 base

70 metal plate

80 fastening and connecting member

90 nuts.

Claims (3)

1. A braking device for a track-traveling facility, the track-traveling facility including a traveling device having at least one balance device including an upper side balance beam and a pair of lower side balance beams, the upper side balance beam being arranged to be swingable, an intermediate portion of the upper side balance beam being supported by a lower portion of a support leg that travels on a track via a lock pin extending in a horizontal direction perpendicular to a traveling direction, the pair of lower side balance beams being arranged to be swingable, the intermediate portion of the lower side balance beam being supported by both ends in the traveling direction of the upper side balance beam via a lock pin extending in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, the traveling device being provided with traveling wheels that are rollably along the track at both ends in the traveling direction of the lower side balance beam of the balance device at the lowermost layer, the braking device for the track-traveling facility being characterized in that,

the braking device of the rail-traveling type facility includes a braking mechanism including a pressing frame, a fluid pressure cylinder, and a brake pad, the pressing frame being disposed between the lower side balance beam of the lowermost balance device and the rail so as to extend in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the rail, the fluid pressure cylinder being attached between both ends of the pressing frame in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the rail and both side surfaces of the lower side balance beam of the lowermost balance device and lifting the pressing frame, the brake pad being attached to a lower surface of the pressing frame,

the fluid pressure cylinder is fixed via an elastic member that absorbs a bending force acting on a piston rod of the fluid pressure cylinder.

2. The braking apparatus of a track-traveling device according to claim 1,

the elastic member is attached between a lower surface of a support bracket extending from the lower side balance beam and a back surface of a cylinder main body of the fluid pressure cylinder fixed to the lower surface of the support bracket via a fastening member,

the distal end portion of the piston rod of the fluid pressure cylinder is screwed into the push frame.

3. The braking apparatus of a track-traveling device according to claim 2,

the metal plate is attached between the elastic member and the back surface of the cylinder body of the fluid pressure cylinder.

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