CN114278372A - Guiding arrangement method for underground directional drilling area of ultra-thick water-rich layer - Google Patents
Guiding arrangement method for underground directional drilling area of ultra-thick water-rich layer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a guiding arrangement method for a directional drilling area under a mine with a huge thick water-rich layer, which is suitable for guiding and draining water before and during mining of a working surface under the mine with the huge thick water-rich layer. The method comprises the steps of respectively driving a plurality of directional drilling holes into a huge thick water-bearing layer far away from a mining area from a large roadway around the mining area from the top plate of a coal seam, enclosing the water-bearing area by utilizing the directional drilling holes to form a closed loop, then fracturing the enclosed directional drilling holes, and increasing a water outlet channel, so that a transverse crack is formed in the directional drilling holes to communicate the huge thick water-bearing layer, water in the surrounding of the huge thick water-bearing layer is safely discharged through the directional drilling holes, and the safe mining of a working face near the huge thick water-bearing layer is ensured. The method has the advantages of simple steps, no delay of mining time of the mining area, convenient drainage, reduction of water inflow of the mining area, and avoidance of water permeability of the mining area caused by communication between the directional drilling hole and a water guide fractured zone formed by mining of the mining area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a diversion arrangement method, which is suitable for diversion drainage before and during mining on a working face of a mine underground with a huge-thickness water-rich layer.
Background
Along with the continuous development of the coal industry in recent years, coal still has a dominant position in the energy structure of China, and the proportion of the coal occupied in primary energy production and consumption in 2019 is 69% and 58% respectively. However, as the coal mining depth deepens, the water damage treatment work becomes the central importance of coal mine safety mining. Mine water damage is one of the major natural disasters of coal mines, and the safety production of the coal mines is seriously threatened. In order to solve the problems, most of mines are generally provided with special water drainage or water absorption drill holes or special water drainage roadways underground at present, and the water level and the water pressure of an aquifer are planned and reduced step by step, so that underground operation conditions are improved, underground water is locally drained, and the underground operation conditions are improved. However, water drainage or water absorption drill holes are required to be arranged ceaselessly along with the propulsion of the working face, so that the loss time is long due to the large use of the drill holes, and the working efficiency of the coal face is influenced. Therefore, the method starts from the angle, directional drilling holes are drilled on the huge-thickness water-rich layer in the four circumferential directions of the mining area, and the huge-thickness water-rich layer is communicated in a hydrofracturing mode, so that the total water inflow of the drilling holes reaches the water inflow of the mining area before measures are not taken, and the working face reaches safe mining conditions.
Currently, most mines are generally provided with special water drainage or water absorption drill holes or special water drainage roadways underground, and the water level and the water pressure of aquifers are planned and gradually drained or reduced, so that underground operation conditions are improved, underground water is locally drained, and the underground operation conditions are improved. However, water drainage or water absorption drill holes are required to be arranged ceaselessly along with the propulsion of the working face, so that the loss time is long due to the large use of the drill holes, and the working efficiency of the coal face is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method for arranging the underground directional drilling area diversion of the ultra-thick water-rich layer is simple in step and convenient to use.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the method for arranging the underground directional drilling area flow guide of the ultra-thick water-rich layer comprises the steps of respectively driving a plurality of directional drilling holes from a large roadway around a mining area to the ultra-thick water-rich layer far away from the mining area in a coal seam roof, enclosing the water-containing area by utilizing the plurality of directional drilling holes to form a closed loop, fracturing the enclosed directional drilling holes, increasing a water outlet channel, forming transverse cracks in the directional drilling holes to communicate the ultra-thick water-rich layer, and safely discharging water in the periphery of the ultra-thick water-rich layer through the directional drilling holes to ensure the safe mining of a working face near the ultra-thick water-rich layer.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. before fully-mechanized mining is carried out on a working face near the huge thick water-rich layer, a plurality of directional drill holes are directionally drilled to the huge thick water-containing layer from a large roadway which is located at the position, 100-150m away from the working face, around the mining area, and the water-pouring drill holes are directional drill holes, so that the water-containing area is surrounded by the horizontally arranged directional drill holes;
b. the directional drilling hole is cracked, the directional drilling hole is communicated with the water-bearing area through the crack, and a water source in the water-bearing area enters the directional drilling hole along the crack;
c. adding a hydrophobic material into the directional drilling hole, so that rock stratum movement caused by excavation of a working surface near the huge-thickness water-rich layer can not close the directional drilling hole, and the directional drilling hole always keeps water conductivity;
d. the directional drilling is utilized to extract water in the huge thick water-rich layer, and after the mining of the working face, the directional drilling is far away from the working face, so that a new water-guiding fractured zone generated by the mining and a water-guiding fractured zone of a drilling hole for communicating a water-containing area can be ensured not to be communicated, the water in the directional drilling is prevented from being guided to the goaf, the goaf is prevented from generating a large amount of water burst again, and the mining time of the goaf is not prolonged.
Further, the drill hole is cracked by injecting high-pressure water into the drill hole, a huge and thick aquifer is communicated, and a water outlet channel is added in the high-pressure water; or perforating to a fracture using perforations directed at the water-bearing zone.
Furthermore, because the influence of the drilling on the movement of the overlying strata is small, whether support is needed or not or whether plugging is carried out on a huge thick aquifer or grouting backfilling is needed to prevent the ground surface from settling is determined according to the self condition of the mine.
Further, directional drilling that the orientation set up has the drilling of a plurality of levels arrangement when the structure, utilizes same vertical drilling to beat a plurality of horizontal drilling, and the height difference of every horizontal drilling in huge thick aquifer to communicate huge thick aquifer in the at utmost, directional drilling should be level and smooth as far as possible when deflecting simultaneously, avoids later stage stratum to remove and causes the drilling stifled die.
Has the beneficial effects that;
1) directional drilling holes are drilled in the four circumferential directions of the mining area in a huge thickness water-rich layer, the drilling holes are drilled from the main roadway, water discharged through the drilling holes is discharged out of a mine through a water discharge pipeline of the main roadway by using tools such as a water pump, and the discharged water is not polluted by passing through a goaf and can be used on the spot or discharged out of the mine for ground use.
2) Directional drilling is carried out to crack a water-bearing rock stratum, a huge thick water-bearing layer is communicated in a mode of reinforcing fracture channels around hole walls, and water in the huge thick water-bearing layer is guided to a water guide channel in a main roadway in advance, so that the total water inflow of the drilled holes reaches the water inflow of a mining area before measures are taken, and the water inflow of the mining area is greatly reduced to achieve the environment of safe mining.
3) And (3) filling hydrophobic materials such as cotton fibers and the like, and ensuring the water guide connectivity of the directional drilling holes after the working face is mined, so as to prevent the drilling holes from being closed.
4) The four directional drilling points form a closed loop, and the water yield can be coordinately controlled along with the mining distance of each working face in the mining area, so that the total water yield of each directional drilling hole is equal to the original water inflow of the working face when no measures are taken.
5) The water quality intercepted and guided from the source is not filtered and polluted by the goaf and can be directly utilized.
6) And when stoping of each working face is ensured, water gushing in the working face is less, safe mining is ensured, and the working environment is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the deployment of the present invention for producing zonal diversion using directional drilling downhole;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method of placement of flow diversion in a pre-production zone using directional drilling downhole according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view E-E of the arrangement method for flow guidance of a pre-production area by utilizing downhole directional drilling according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the method for guiding and arranging the directional drilling area in the underground of the ultra-thick water-rich layer of the invention is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of respectively driving a plurality of directional drilling holes into a huge thick water-bearing layer far away from a mining area from a large roadway around the mining area from the top plate of a coal seam, enclosing the water-bearing area by utilizing the directional drilling holes to form a closed loop, then fracturing the enclosed directional drilling holes, and increasing a water outlet channel, so that a transverse crack is formed in the directional drilling holes to communicate the huge thick water-bearing layer, water in the surrounding of the huge thick water-bearing layer is safely discharged through the directional drilling holes, and the safe mining of a working face near the huge thick water-bearing layer is ensured. Wherein the huge thick aquifer does not mean the section in the middle of the drill hole, but the whole horizontal layer is the huge thick aquifer, and the drill hole is only driven into the huge thick aquifer. The bore hole is only a small part of the huge thick aquifer, the water flow direction in fig. 3 is shown as the water flow is discharged from the bore hole after flowing around the huge thick aquifer, the arrow gradually descends to show the water flow to the bore hole position, and the water level in the huge thick aquifer also gradually descends due to the water discharge. Because the drilling hole is opened by the main roadway and is far away from the mining area, as long as the drilling hole reaches a certain distance from the mining area, the water-guiding fractured zone generated by mining of the mining area cannot be naturally communicated with the drilling hole.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. before fully-mechanized mining is carried out on a working face near the huge thick water-rich layer, a plurality of directional drill holes are directionally drilled to the huge thick water-containing layer from a large roadway which is located at the position, 100-150m away from the working face, around the mining area, and the water-pouring drill holes are directional drill holes, so that the water-containing area is surrounded by the horizontally arranged directional drill holes; the directional drilling holes which are directionally arranged have a plurality of horizontally arranged drilling holes during construction, the same vertical drilling hole is used for drilling a plurality of horizontal drilling holes, and the height of each horizontal drilling hole in the huge thick aquifer is different, so that the huge thick aquifer is communicated to the maximum extent, and the directional drilling holes are smooth as much as possible during deflecting, so that the drilling holes are prevented from being blocked due to later-stage rock stratum movement;
b. the directional drilling is carried out until the directional drilling is cracked, the drilling is cracked by injecting high-pressure water into the drilling, a huge and thick aquifer is communicated, and a water outlet channel is added in the high-pressure water; or perforating to crack by using a perforation to point to the water-containing area; communicating the directional drilling hole with the water-bearing area through the crack, and enabling a water source in the water-bearing area to enter the directional drilling hole along the crack;
c. adding a hydrophobic material into the directional drilling hole, so that rock stratum movement caused by excavation of a working surface near the huge-thickness water-rich layer can not close the directional drilling hole, and the directional drilling hole always keeps water conductivity;
d. the directional drilling is utilized to extract water in the huge thick water-rich layer, and after the mining of the working face, the directional drilling is far away from the working face, so that a new water-guiding fractured zone generated by the mining and a water-guiding fractured zone of a drilling hole for communicating a water-containing area can be ensured not to be communicated, the water in the directional drilling is prevented from being guided to the goaf, the goaf is prevented from generating a large amount of water burst again, and the mining time of the goaf is not prolonged.
Because the drilling hole has little influence on the movement of the overlying strata, whether the earth surface is required to be supported or blocked by a huge thick aquifer or backfilled by grouting to prevent the settlement of the earth surface is determined according to the self condition of the mine.
The first embodiment,
Taking a certain coal mine as an example, the thickness of the coal seam of the coal mine is 14m, the thickness of the water-containing group is 380m, and the method for arranging the flow guide of the pre-mining area of the underground directional drilling of the ultra-thick water-rich layer comprises the following steps:
(1) before the comprehensive mining of the working face, A, B, C, D directional drilling holes are drilled into the huge thick aquifer from the large roadway, which is 100-150m away from the working face, around the mining area to form a closed loop, and the top view of the closed loop is shown in FIG. 1;
(2) injecting high-pressure water into the drill hole to crack the drill hole, so as to communicate a huge and thick aquifer and increase a water outlet channel, wherein a D-D view at a drill hole point D is shown in figure 2;
(3) cotton fibers or other hydrophobic materials are added into the drilled holes, so that the drilled holes cannot be completely closed due to rock stratum movement after the working face is excavated, and certain water conductivity is kept;
(4) after the working face is mined, because the directional drilling hole is far away from the working face, a water flowing fractured zone generated by mining cannot be communicated with a water flowing fractured zone generated by the drilling hole, so that water in the directional drilling hole is prevented from being guided to a goaf, further, a large amount of water gushing in the goaf is avoided, and an E-E view of the water flowing fractured zone is shown in figure 3.
Claims (5)
1. A flow guide arrangement method for a directional drilling area under a well with a huge thick water-rich layer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of respectively driving a plurality of directional drilling holes into a huge thick water-bearing layer far away from a mining area from a large roadway around the mining area from the top plate of a coal seam, enclosing the water-bearing area by utilizing the directional drilling holes to form a closed loop, then fracturing the enclosed directional drilling holes, and increasing a water outlet channel, so that a transverse crack is formed in the directional drilling holes to communicate the huge thick water-bearing layer, water in the surrounding of the huge thick water-bearing layer is safely discharged through the directional drilling holes, and the safe mining of a working face near the huge thick water-bearing layer is ensured.
2. The flow guiding arrangement method for the directional drilling area under the well of the huge thick water-rich layer according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
a. before fully-mechanized mining is carried out on a working face near the huge thick water-rich layer, a plurality of directional drill holes are directionally drilled to the huge thick water-containing layer from a large roadway which is located at the position, 100-150m away from the working face, around the mining area, and the water-pouring drill holes are directional drill holes, so that the water-containing area is surrounded by the horizontally arranged directional drill holes;
b. the directional drilling hole is cracked, the directional drilling hole is communicated with the water-bearing area through the crack, and a water source in the water-bearing area enters the directional drilling hole along the crack;
c. adding a hydrophobic material into the directional drilling hole, so that rock stratum movement caused by excavation of a working surface near the huge-thickness water-rich layer can not close the directional drilling hole, and the directional drilling hole always keeps water conductivity;
d. the directional drilling is utilized to extract water in the huge thick water-rich layer, and after the mining of the working face, the directional drilling is far away from the working face, so that a new water-guiding fractured zone generated by the mining and a water-guiding fractured zone of a drilling hole for communicating a water-containing area can be ensured not to be communicated, the water in the directional drilling is prevented from being guided to the goaf, the goaf is prevented from generating a large amount of water burst again, and the mining time of the goaf is not prolonged.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises: the drill hole is cracked by injecting high-pressure water into the drill hole, a huge and thick aquifer is communicated, and a water outlet channel is added in the high-pressure water; or perforating to a fracture using perforations directed at the water-bearing zone.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises: because the drilling hole has little influence on the movement of the overlying strata, whether the earth surface is required to be supported or blocked by a huge thick aquifer or backfilled by grouting to prevent the settlement of the earth surface is determined according to the self condition of the mine.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises: a plurality of drill holes are horizontally arranged in each directional drill hole during construction, the same vertical drill hole is used for drilling a plurality of horizontal drill holes, and the height of each horizontal drill hole in the huge thick aquifer is different, so that the huge thick aquifer is communicated to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the directional drill holes are smooth as much as possible during deflecting, and the phenomenon that the drill holes are blocked due to later-stage rock stratum movement is avoided.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114934757A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-23 | 彬县水帘洞煤炭有限责任公司 | Water spraying treatment process for underground tunneling roadway of coal seam immediate roof aquifer |
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| CN112576305A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-03-30 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Method for preventing and controlling water damage of working surface separation layer |
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- 2021-12-31 CN CN202111665383.0A patent/CN114278372B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106014407A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-12 | 太原理工大学 | Method for controlling disasters by utilizing roof crevice water to weaken main control coal seams and rock strata in situ |
| CN108468566A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-31 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Really method is put in spy to empty crystal to mine based on underground pencil directional drilling always |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114934757A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-23 | 彬县水帘洞煤炭有限责任公司 | Water spraying treatment process for underground tunneling roadway of coal seam immediate roof aquifer |
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