CN114276409A - Electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation technology and equipment - Google Patents
Electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation technology and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114276409A CN114276409A CN202111601825.5A CN202111601825A CN114276409A CN 114276409 A CN114276409 A CN 114276409A CN 202111601825 A CN202111601825 A CN 202111601825A CN 114276409 A CN114276409 A CN 114276409A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation technology, which divides gel in an electrophoresis tank into a plurality of segment areas in parallel along a material separation direction, wherein each segment area is provided with an independent electric field and an independent magnetic field; the electric field and the magnetic field in all the segmented regions are controllable; the electric field and the magnetic field act together to drive the biomacromolecules to move, and the moving directions of the biomacromolecules in all the segmentation areas are ensured to be parallel. The invention adds the magnetic field generator in the electrophoresis tank, realizes the maintenance of linear motion in the biological macromolecule separation process by utilizing the characteristic of the magnetic field acting on the biological macromolecule motion, does not generate direction deviation, has reasonable design, simple structure and good actual use effect, and creates the precedent that the magnetic field is used for the biological macromolecule separation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomacromolecule separation, in particular to an electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation technology and equipment.
Background
The electrophoresis tank is commonly used for the separation experiment of biological macromolecules in biomedicine, and the principle is as follows: the terminals of the electrophoresis tank comprise a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively connected with a positive output end and a negative output end of a direct current power supply. The anode electrode in the electrophoresis tank, various gels with a space grid steric hindrance structure, the cathode electrode in the electrophoresis tank, the immersed gel cathode end and the electrophoresis tank cathode electrode, and the immersed gel anode end and the buffer solution with the electrophoresis tank anode electrode and having the conductive property form a direct current circuit loop.
The mixture of biological macromolecules (DNA or RNA or protein) with different molecular weights, which is in a negative ion state after being processed, is powered by a direct current electric field of an electrophoresis tank, migrates from the cathode end to the anode end of the electrophoresis tank in gel with the function of a molecular sieve, and realizes the separation of the mixed biological macromolecules under the same electrophoresis starting point position and electrophoresis time according to the principle that the larger the molecule is, the larger the migration resistance in the gel is. The common electrophoresis tanks on the market at present are a horizontal electrophoresis device, a vertical electrophoresis device and a tubular electrophoresis device.
The existing electrophoresis method and equipment have many defects. In the prior electrophoresis methods and devices, the positive and negative electrodes in the electrophoresis tank 1 are only fixedly distributed at two ends of the gel 3, and the positive and negative electrodes of the output end of the direct current power supply are also fixed, so that the electric field movement direction 4 of the biomacromolecule 2 at the far ends of two sides of the whole gel is in a splayed direction, and the direction has a certain inclined angle, as shown in fig. 1. The direction of the motion of the splayed shape can cause incomplete separation and the occurrence of accidents such as leakage and the like is easy to occur.
With the research of biological magnetism, the biomacromolecule itself is found to have certain magnetic substance characteristics, which shows that the biomacromolecule has biological paramagnetism under certain conditions. Biological paramagnetism has important biological energy and physiological function functions in the process of biological function activities of proteins and enzymes. From this, it can be known that under the action of the magnetic field, the biological macromolecules can realize sequential motion.
Thus, the combination of the two technologies can be used for the separation of biological macromolecules. In view of this, further improvements are needed in the existing electrophoretic technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation technology and equipment, and overcomes the defects of the technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation technology is characterized in that: dividing gel in an electrophoresis tank into a plurality of segment areas in parallel along the material separation direction, wherein each segment area is provided with an independent electric field and an independent magnetic field; the electric field and the magnetic field in all the segmented regions are controllable; the electric field and the magnetic field act together to drive the biomacromolecules to move, and the moving directions of the biomacromolecules in all the segmentation areas are ensured to be parallel.
According to the further optimized technical scheme, the electric fields are all segmented electric fields which are respectively output by the same direct current power supply through a plurality of terminal assemblies, and the terminal assemblies correspond to the segmented areas one by one; the magnetic field is a combined magnetic field and comprises a plurality of magnetic field generating components which correspond to the segmented regions one by one; the magnetic field generating assembly and the terminal assembly are electrically connected with the same direct current power supply together.
According to a further optimized technical scheme, the magnetic field generating assembly comprises an induction coil and a magnetic field conductor arranged in the induction coil; the induction coil comprises a metal coil, a current regulator and a switch which are connected with the metal coil in series; the switch and the current regulator are respectively connected with two poles of the direct current power supply.
According to the further optimized technical scheme, the magnetic field generating assembly comprises one induction coil or two induction coils; when the number of the induction coils is one, the induction coils are arranged on the electrophoresis tank corresponding to one end of the segmentation area; when the number of the induction coils is two, the two induction coils are arranged on the electrophoresis tanks corresponding to the two ends of the segmentation area, and the directions of the magnetic fields are consistent.
According to a further optimized technical scheme, all the induction coils are the same, and the number of turns and the winding direction are the same.
The invention also provides electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation equipment, which is characterized in that: comprises a shell, an electrophoresis tank is arranged in the shell; a control box is arranged on the outer surface of the shell, and a power switch and a power relay are arranged in the control box; an electric field generator and a magnetic field generator are arranged on the shell; a plate body is arranged in the electrophoresis tank, gel is arranged on the plate body, and the plate body and the gel are divided into a plurality of segmentation areas; the electric field generator and the magnetic field generator correspond to all the segmented regions; the power supply relay and the power supply switch are connected with an external direct-current power supply, and the power supply relay is electrically connected with the electric field generator and the magnetic field generator.
According to a further optimized technical scheme, the electric field generator comprises a plurality of terminal assemblies, a power supply positive connector and a power supply negative connector, wherein the terminal assemblies are arranged inside the shell and correspond to the segmented regions one by one; the power source positive connector and the power source negative connector are connected with the power source relay, and the power source positive connector and the power source negative connector are connected with the terminal assembly.
According to the further optimized technical scheme, the magnetic field generator comprises a magnetic field relay, a tapping line row and a plurality of magnetic field generating assemblies, and all the magnetic field generating assemblies correspond to all the segmentation areas one to one; the power supply relay is connected with the magnetic field relay, the magnetic field relay is connected with the tapping line bank, and the tapping line bank is connected with the magnetic field generating assembly.
According to a further optimized technical scheme, the magnetic field generating assembly comprises an induction coil and a magnetic field conductor arranged in the induction coil; the induction coil comprises a metal coil, a current regulator and a switch which are connected with the metal coil in series; the switch and the current regulator are respectively connected with the tapping line bank.
According to the further optimized technical scheme, all layers of the composite paperboard are connected together through a hot press molding process.
Due to the adoption of the technology, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adds the magnetic field generator in the electrophoresis tank, the electric field generator generates an electric field, the biological macromolecules are essentially charged biological molecules and migrate under the action of the electric field, the biological macromolecules also have certain magnetism, the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator also migrates the biological macromolecules under the action of the magnetic field, and the biological macromolecules and the magnetic field are matched with each other to ensure that the biological macromolecules keep linear motion in the separation process and the direction deviation does not occur.
2. The invention has reasonable design and good actual use effect, and creates a precedent that the magnetic field is used for separating biomacromolecules.
3. The invention also designs a set of equipment, which realizes the separation of biomacromolecules under the dual functions of an electric field and a magnetic field under the same direct current power supply, and improves the separation precision of the biomacromolecules with large molecular weight.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the movement of a prior art electrophoretic separation of biological macromolecules;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the movement of biomacromolecule separation under the combined action of an electric field and a magnetic field according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the external structure of an electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an induction coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the magnetic field generator in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
The simplest technology of electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation is that a strong electromagnetic field is directly added in an electrophoresis tank in the existing electrophoresis equipment, and a large-sized magnetic field generating assembly is utilized, as shown in figures 2 and 3, the magnetic field generating assembly comprises an induction coil 14 and a magnetic field conductor 13 arranged in the induction coil 14. The induction coil comprises a metal coil, and a current regulator 12 and a switch 15 which are connected with the metal coil in series, wherein the switch 15 and the current regulator 12 are respectively connected with two poles of an external direct current power supply.
The gel 3 and the electric field generating device in the electrophoresis tank are prior art and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
The electric field generated by direct current is a particular substance present in the space surrounding the electric charge and the varying magnetic field. This substance is different from a normal substance, and although it is not composed of molecular atoms, it is a special substance which objectively exists. The magnetic field is a special invisible and untouchable substance, is not composed of atoms or molecules, but objectively exists. The magnetic field has the radiation characteristics of a wave particle. In a certain time, electricity can generate magnetism, electricity can also be brought by the magnetism, the variable electric field and the variable magnetic field form an inseparable uniform field, namely an electromagnetic field, and the variable electromagnetic field propagates in space to form electromagnetic waves. The magnetic field in the invention can influence the electric field, so that the electromagnetic field is uniformly distributed in the segmented region of the gel, the linear motion of the biomacromolecule is ensured, and the outward splayed condition can not occur.
When the device is used, the electric field motion direction 4 of the biomacromolecule 2 is along the electric field direction, and is synchronous, the magnetic field motion direction 5 of the biomacromolecule 2 also plays a synchronous role, and the electric field direction and the magnetic field direction are the same, so that the biomacromolecule can move along a direction in a straight line under the matching of the electric field direction and the magnetic field direction, the deviation can not occur, the separation effect is ensured, and the separation precision of the biomacromolecule with high molecular weight is improved.
This example illustrates the initial use of the electric and magnetic fields in concert, with a prospective but not universal nature.
The invention adds the magnetic field generator in the electrophoresis tank, the electric field generator generates an electric field, the biological macromolecules are essentially charged biological molecules and migrate under the action of the electric field, the biological macromolecules also have certain magnetism, the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator also migrates the biological macromolecules under the action of the magnetic field, and the biological macromolecules and the magnetic field are matched with each other to ensure that the biological macromolecules keep linear motion in the separation process and the direction deviation does not occur.
The invention has reasonable design and good actual use effect, and creates a precedent that the magnetic field is used for separating biomacromolecules.
Example 2
As shown in figures 2 and 4, the electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation technology is greatly improved in the existing equipment, is more practical and has better effect. The specific improvement is as follows: the gel in the electrophoresis tank 1 is divided into a plurality of segment areas in parallel along the material separation direction, and each segment area is provided with an independent electric field and an independent magnetic field. The electric field and the magnetic field in all the segmented regions are controllable; the electric field and the magnetic field act together to drive the biomacromolecules to move, and the moving directions of the biomacromolecules in all the segmentation areas are ensured to be parallel.
The electric field is each segmented electric field which is respectively output by the same direct current power supply through a plurality of terminal assemblies, and the terminal assemblies and the segmented areas are in one-to-one correspondence. The magnetic field is a combined magnetic field and comprises a plurality of magnetic field generating components which correspond to the segmented regions one by one; the magnetic field generating assembly and the terminal assembly are electrically connected with the same direct current power supply together. The magnetic field generating assembly comprises an induction coil 14 and a magnetic field conductor 13 arranged within the induction coil 14. The induction coil 14 includes a metal coil, and a current regulator 12 and a switch 15 connected in series with the metal coil, the switch 15 and the current regulator 12 being connected to both poles of the dc power supply, respectively. In this embodiment, all the induction coils are the same, and the number of turns and the winding direction are the same.
The gel 3 and the electric field generating device in the electrophoresis tank are prior art and will not be described in detail in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the gel fraction is used in stages, which ensures a finer separation.
When the device is used, the electric field motion direction 4 of the biomacromolecule 2 is along the electric field direction, and is synchronous, the magnetic field motion direction 5 of the biomacromolecule 2 also plays a synchronous role, and the electric field direction and the magnetic field direction are the same, and the motion directions of the biomacromolecules in all the segmentation areas under the cooperation of the electric field direction and the magnetic field direction are parallel, so that the deviation of the motion directions can not occur, the separation effect is ensured, and the separation precision of the biomacromolecules with large molecular weight is improved.
The invention adds the magnetic field generator in the electrophoresis tank, the electric field generator generates an electric field, the biological macromolecules are essentially charged biological molecules and migrate under the action of the electric field, the biological macromolecules also have certain magnetism, the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator also migrates the biological macromolecules under the action of the magnetic field, and the biological macromolecules and the magnetic field are matched with each other to ensure that the biological macromolecules keep linear motion in the separation process and the direction deviation does not occur.
The invention has reasonable design and good actual use effect, and creates a precedent that the magnetic field is used for separating biomacromolecules.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the magnetic field generating unit is optimized as required based on embodiment 2.
In other technical invariants, the magnetic field generating assembly comprises one induction coil or two induction coils.
When the magnetic force of the required magnetic field is small, one induction coil is arranged, and the induction coil is arranged on the electrophoresis tank corresponding to one end of the segmentation area.
When the magnetic force of the magnetic field is needed to be large, two induction coils are arranged, the two induction coils are arranged on the electrophoresis tanks corresponding to the two ends of the segmentation area, and the directions of the magnetic field are consistent. All the induction coils are the same, and the number of turns and the winding direction are the same.
When the device is used, the electric field motion direction 4 of the biomacromolecule 2 is along the electric field direction, and is synchronous, the magnetic field motion direction 5 of the biomacromolecule 2 also plays a synchronous role, and the electric field direction and the magnetic field direction are the same, and the motion directions of the biomacromolecules in all the segmentation areas under the cooperation of the electric field direction and the magnetic field direction are parallel, so that the deviation of the motion directions can not occur, the separation effect is ensured, and the separation precision of the biomacromolecules with large molecular weight is improved.
This embodiment has increased magnetic field generator at the one end of electrophoresis tank or both ends, utilizes the characteristic of the biological macromolecule motion of magnetic field effect, realizes keeping linear motion in the biological macromolecule separation process, the deviation of direction can not appear, reasonable in design, simple structure, and the in-service use effect is good, has opened the precedent that magnetic field used on biological macromolecule separation.
Example 4
On the basis of embodiment 3, an electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation device is specially designed, and the separation of biomacromolecules is realized by the joint operation of an electric field and a magnetic field.
The invention also provides electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation equipment which comprises a shell 7, wherein the shell 7 is internally provided with the electrophoresis tank 1. A control box 11 is installed on the outer surface of the shell 7, and a power switch and a power relay are installed in the control box 11. An electric field generator and a magnetic field generator 9 are mounted on the housing 7. The magnetic field generator 9 is provided with a label 10 which is convenient for marking and is convenient for the staff to check. The electrophoresis tank 1 is internally provided with a plate body, the plate body is provided with gel 3, and the plate body and the gel 3 are divided into a plurality of segmentation areas. The electric field generator and the magnetic field generator correspond to all of the segmented regions. The power supply relay and the power supply switch are connected with an external direct-current power supply, and the power supply relay is electrically connected with the electric field generator and the magnetic field generator.
The electric field generator comprises a plurality of terminal assemblies which are arranged inside the shell and correspond to the segmented regions one by one, and a power supply positive connector 8 and a power supply negative connector which are arranged outside the shell. The power source positive connector 8 and the power source negative connector are connected with the power source relay, and the power source positive connector and the power source negative connector are connected with the terminal assembly. The terminal assembly is the prior art, can produce the electric field, realizes the electrophoresis, drives biological macromolecule motion.
The magnetic field generator 16 comprises a magnetic field relay 17, a tap line bank 18 and a plurality of magnetic field generating assemblies, and all the magnetic field generating assemblies correspond to all the segment regions one to one. The power supply relay is connected with the magnetic field relay 17, the magnetic field relay 17 is connected with the tapping line row 18, and the tapping line row 18 is connected with the magnetic field generating assembly. The one magnetic field generating assembly comprises one induction coil 14 and one magnetic field conductor 13 arranged inside the induction coil 14. The induction coil 14 comprises a metal coil and a current regulator 12 and a switch 15 in series with the metal coil. The switch 15 and the current regulator 12 are connected to the tap line bank, respectively.
The invention adds the magnetic field generator in the electrophoresis tank, the electric field generator generates an electric field, the biological macromolecules are essentially charged biological molecules and migrate under the action of the electric field, the biological macromolecules also have certain magnetism, the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator also migrates the biological macromolecules under the action of the magnetic field, and the biological macromolecules and the magnetic field are matched with each other to ensure that the biological macromolecules keep linear motion in the separation process and the direction deviation does not occur.
The invention has reasonable design and good actual use effect, and creates a precedent that the magnetic field is used for separating biomacromolecules.
The invention also designs a set of equipment, which realizes the separation of biomacromolecules under the dual functions of an electric field and a magnetic field under the same direct current power supply, and improves the separation precision of the biomacromolecules with large molecular weight.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation technology is characterized in that:
dividing gel in an electrophoresis tank into a plurality of segment areas in parallel along the material separation direction, wherein each segment area is provided with an independent electric field and an independent magnetic field;
the electric field and the magnetic field in all the segmented regions are controllable;
the electric field and the magnetic field act together to drive the biomacromolecules to move, and the moving directions of the biomacromolecules in all the segmentation areas are ensured to be parallel.
2. The separation technique of electromagnetic composite biomacromolecules as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electric field is each segmented electric field which is respectively output by the same direct current power supply through a plurality of terminal assemblies, and the terminal assemblies correspond to the segmented areas one by one; the magnetic field is a combined magnetic field and comprises a plurality of magnetic field generating components which correspond to the segmented regions one by one; the magnetic field generating assembly and the terminal assembly are electrically connected with the same direct current power supply together.
3. The separation technique of electromagnetic composite biomacromolecules as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the magnetic field generating assembly comprises an induction coil and a magnetic field conductor arranged in the induction coil; the induction coil comprises a metal coil, a current regulator and a switch which are connected with the metal coil in series; the switch and the current regulator are respectively connected with two poles of the direct current power supply.
4. The separation technique of electromagnetic composite biomacromolecules as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the magnetic field generating assembly comprises one induction coil or two induction coils;
when the number of the induction coils is one, the induction coils are arranged on the electrophoresis tank corresponding to one end of the segmentation area;
when the number of the induction coils is two, the two induction coils are arranged on the electrophoresis tanks corresponding to the two ends of the segmentation area, and the directions of the magnetic fields are consistent.
5. The separation technique of electromagnetic composite biomacromolecules as claimed in claim 2, wherein: all the induction coils are the same, and the number of turns and the winding direction are the same.
6. An electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation device is characterized in that: comprises a shell, an electrophoresis tank is arranged in the shell;
a control box is arranged on the outer surface of the shell, and a power switch and a power relay are arranged in the control box; an electric field generator and a magnetic field generator are arranged on the shell;
a plate body is arranged in the electrophoresis tank, gel is arranged on the plate body, and the plate body and the gel are divided into a plurality of segmentation areas; the electric field generator and the magnetic field generator correspond to all the segmented regions;
the power supply relay and the power supply switch are connected with an external direct-current power supply, and the power supply relay is electrically connected with the electric field generator and the magnetic field generator.
7. An electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the electric field generator comprises a plurality of terminal assemblies, a power supply positive connector and a power supply negative connector, wherein the terminal assemblies are arranged in the shell and correspond to the segmented regions one by one; the power source positive connector and the power source negative connector are connected with the power source relay, and the power source positive connector and the power source negative connector are connected with the terminal assembly.
8. An electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the magnetic field generator comprises a magnetic field relay, a tapping line row and a plurality of magnetic field generating assemblies, and all the magnetic field generating assemblies correspond to all the segmentation areas one to one; the power supply relay is connected with the magnetic field relay, the magnetic field relay is connected with the tapping line bank, and the tapping line bank is connected with the magnetic field generating assembly.
9. An electromagnetic composite biomacromolecule separation apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: the magnetic field generating assembly comprises an induction coil and a magnetic field conductor arranged in the induction coil; the induction coil comprises a metal coil, a current regulator and a switch which are connected with the metal coil in series; the switch and the current regulator are respectively connected with the tapping line bank.
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| US20180238830A1 (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2018-08-23 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Magnetohydrodynamic Microfluidic Systems Including Modified Electrodes And Methods Of Using The Same |
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