CN114271405A - Procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114271405A CN114271405A CN202111450799.0A CN202111450799A CN114271405A CN 114271405 A CN114271405 A CN 114271405A CN 202111450799 A CN202111450799 A CN 202111450799A CN 114271405 A CN114271405 A CN 114271405A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention provides a procambarus clarkii compound colored feed and a preparation method thereof. The bean dregs, the sweet potatoes, the fish meal, the corn meal, the bamboo leaf vegetables, the fermented blood meal, the bone meal, the tape grass, the carotene colorant, the vitamin premix and the hulling element are prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 10-20% of bean dregs, 10-20% of sweet potatoes, 10-25% of fish meal, 10-16% of corn flour, 8-16% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 10-15% of fermented blood meal, 5-10% of bone meal, 5-10% of tape grass, 2-8% of carotene colorant, 5-7% of vitamin premix and 0.1-0.2% of hulling element. The procambarus clarkii compound colored feed and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention enable the procambarus clarkii fed by the feed to be absorbed in a free form and combined with low density lipoprotein to be absorbed, so that the procambarus clarkii can absorb nutrients in the feed more easily, the procambarus clarkii grows conveniently, and the final product is very pleasant in appearance and color and is convenient to sell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of procambarus clarkii breeding, in particular to a procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The Procambarus clarkii is a freshwater economic shrimp, is popular with people due to delicious meat taste, forms absolute competitive advantage in local ecological environment due to omnivory, high growth speed and strong adaptability, has the feeding range including aquatic weeds, algae, aquatic insects, animal carcasses and the like, and is killed by oneself when food is deficient.
When the Procambarus clarkii is artificially fed, in order to ensure enough food for the Procambarus clarkii and avoid killing each other, the Procambarus clarkii needs to be artificially fed with feed, and in order to reduce the breeding cost, wheat bran, fish meal, bean dregs, sweet potatoes and the like are frequently used as breeding feed.
In the prior art, because pigment obtained from wheat bran, fish meal and bean dregs sweet potatoes is accumulated little, the Procambrus clarkii is easy to look pale, and people can prefer to select Procambrus clarkii with fresh meat and pleasant appearance when buying the Procambrus clarkii.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a procambarus clarkii composite colored feed and a preparation method thereof to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a procambarus clarkii compound colored feed and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems that the procambarus clarkii cultured artificially is easy to look pale and is inconvenient to sell.
In order to solve the technical problem, the procambarus clarkii composite colored feed provided by the invention comprises:
bean dregs, sweet potatoes, fish meal, corn meal, bamboo leaves, fermented blood meal, bone meal, tape grass, a carotene colorant, a vitamin premix and a hulling element;
the bean dregs, the sweet potatoes, the fish meal, the corn meal, the bamboo leaf vegetables, the fermented blood meal, the bone meal, the tape grass, the carotene colorant, the vitamin premix and the hulling element are prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:
10-20% of bean dregs, 10-20% of sweet potatoes, 10-25% of fish meal, 10-16% of corn flour, 8-16% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 10-15% of fermented blood meal, 5-10% of bone meal, 5-10% of tape grass, 2-8% of carotene colorant, 5-7% of vitamin premix and 0.1-0.2% of hulling element.
Preferably, the procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10% of bean dregs, 17% of sweet potatoes, 18% of fish meal, 12% of corn flour, 11% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 10% of fermented blood meal, 6% of bone meal, 8% of bitter herbs, 2% of carrot colorant, 5.9% of vitamin premix and 0.1% of dehulline.
Preferably, the procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
11% of bean dregs, 13% of sweet potatoes, 16% of fish meal, 15% of corn flour, 12% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 11% of fermented blood meal, 7% of bone meal, 5% of bitter herbs, 4% of carrot colorant, 5.9% of vitamin premix and 0.1% of dehulline.
Preferably, the procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
14% of bean dregs, 11% of sweet potatoes, 12% of fish meal, 12% of corn flour, 15% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 13% of fermented blood meal, 8% of bone meal, 5% of bitter herbs, 4% of carrot colorants, 5.8% of vitamin premix and 0.2% of dehulling agents.
The preparation method of the Procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed comprises the following steps:
s1, fermenting the bean dregs, the sweet potatoes, the fish meal, the corn flour and the bamboo leaves vegetable for 24 hours through a fermentation box, adding the fermented blood meal, the bone meal and the bitter herbs, and fermenting for 48 hours to obtain a fermented product;
s2, adding the vitamin premix and the chitosan 2 into the fermentation product obtained in the step S1, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture;
s3, mixing the carrot colorant and water according to the proportion of 1: 3, equally dividing the solution into three parts, adding the first part of solution into the mixture obtained in the step S2, mixing for 10min, then adding the second part of solution, mixing for 15min, then adding the third part of solution, and mixing for 20min to obtain a final mixture;
s4, processing the mixture obtained in step S3 into a sheet feed with a size of 1 × 0.6 × 0.8 by using a granulator so as to facilitate the ingestion of procambarus clarkii.
Preferably, in the step S1, the temperature of the first fermentation is controlled at 30-45 ℃, the humidity is controlled at 50-70%, the temperature of the second fermentation is controlled at 25-35 ℃, and the humidity is controlled at 70-80%.
Preferably, in the step S3, the mixture of the three solutions is sprayed in the form of a spray onto the mixture obtained in the step S2, the solution and the mixture are uniformly mixed with the upper line, and heating is performed while mixing.
Preferably, the method further comprises a flow dividing device for trisecting the solution in the step S3, wherein the flow dividing device comprises a leakage-proof disc, the top of the leakage-proof disc is fixedly connected with three flow dividing cylinders, and the three flow dividing cylinders are connected one by one through connecting pipes;
the connecting pipe is provided with a cut-off device, the cut-off device comprises a connecting block, a threaded shaft is connected to the connecting block in a threaded mode, and the bottom of the threaded shaft is rotatably connected with a sealing plug used for cutting off the connecting pipe.
Preferably, the two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively and adjacently connected with the shunt cylinder, and the bottom of the shunt cylinder is fixedly connected with a blanking pipe controlled by the electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, the connecting block is fixed on the connecting pipe, and the bottom of the leakage-proof disc is fixedly connected with a flow guide disc.
Compared with the related technology, the procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a Procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that carrot colorant is added into the Procambarus clarkii feed, so that the Procambarus clarkii fed by the feed can be absorbed in a free form and can be combined with low density lipoprotein to be absorbed, the Procambarus clarkii can absorb nutrients in the feed more easily, the growth of the Procambarus clarkii is facilitated, and the appearance and color of a final product are very pleasant and convenient to sell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the Procambarus clarkii composite colored feed and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a portion of the first embodiment of the flow diversion apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the portion of the flow stop device shown in fig. 2.
Reference numbers in the figures:
1. the device comprises a flow dividing device 11, a leakage-proof disc 12, a flow dividing device 13 and a connecting pipe;
2. the cut-off device 21, the connecting block 22, the threaded shaft 23 and the sealing plug;
3. a discharge pipe 4 and a flow guide disc.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
First embodiment
The Procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10% of bean dregs, 17% of sweet potatoes, 18% of fish meal, 12% of corn flour, 11% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 10% of fermented blood meal, 6% of bone meal, 8% of bitter herbs, 2% of carrot colorant, 5.9% of vitamin premix and 0.1% of dehulline.
Firstly, 10% of bean dregs, 17% of sweet potatoes, 18% of fish meal, 12% of corn meal and 11% of bamboo leaf vegetables are taken and put into a fermentation box for fermentation, after 24 hours of fermentation, 10% of fermented blood meal, 6% of bone meal and 8% of bitter herbs are added, and fermentation is carried out for 48 hours again to obtain a fermentation product;
secondly, adding 5.9% of vitamin premix and 0.1% of dehulline into the obtained fermentation product, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture;
then, 2% of carrot colorant and water are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 3, the solution is equally divided into three parts, the first part of solution is added into the mixture obtained in the step S2, after 10min of mixing, the second part of solution is added, 15min of mixing is carried out, the third part of solution is added, and 20min of mixing is carried out, so as to obtain the final mixture;
finally, the mixture obtained after the third solution is added is processed into a sheet feed with the size of 1 x 0.6 x 0.8 by a granulator, so as to facilitate the feeding of procambarus clarkii.
Second embodiment
The Procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
11% of bean dregs, 13% of sweet potatoes, 16% of fish meal, 15% of corn flour, 12% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 11% of fermented blood meal, 7% of bone meal, 5% of bitter herbs, 4% of carrot colorant, 5.9% of vitamin premix and 0.1% of dehulline.
Firstly, putting 11% of bean dregs, 13% of sweet potatoes, 16% of fish meal, 15% of corn meal and 12% of bamboo leaf vegetables into a fermentation box for fermentation, after 24 hours of fermentation, adding 11% of fermented blood meal, 7% of bone meal and 5% of bitter herbs, and fermenting for 48 hours to obtain a fermented product;
secondly, adding 5.9% of vitamin premix and 0.1% of dehulline into the obtained fermentation product, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture;
then, mixing 4% of carrot colorant and water according to the proportion of 1: 3, equally dividing the solution into three parts, adding the first part of solution into the mixture obtained in the step S2, mixing for 10min, then adding the second part of solution, mixing for 15min, then adding the third part of solution, and mixing for 20min to obtain a final mixture;
finally, the mixture obtained after the third solution is added is processed into a sheet feed with the size of 1 x 0.6 x 0.8 by a granulator, so as to facilitate the feeding of procambarus clarkii.
Third embodiment
The Procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
14% of bean dregs, 11% of sweet potatoes, 12% of fish meal, 12% of corn flour, 15% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 13% of fermented blood meal, 8% of bone meal, 5% of bitter herbs, 4% of carrot colorants, 5.8% of vitamin premix and 0.2% of dehulling agents.
Firstly, taking 14% of bean dregs, 11% of sweet potatoes, 12% of fish meal, 12% of corn meal and 15% of bamboo leaf vegetables, putting the bean dregs, the sweet potatoes, the 12% of fish meal, the 12% of corn meal and the 15% of bamboo leaf vegetables into a fermentation box for fermentation, after 24 hours of fermentation, adding 13% of fermented blood meal, 8% of bone meal and 5% of bitter herbs, and fermenting for 48 hours to obtain a fermented product;
secondly, adding 5.8% of vitamin premix and 0.1% of dehulline into the obtained fermentation product, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture;
then, mixing 4% of carrot colorant and water according to the proportion of 1: 3, equally dividing the solution into three parts, adding the first part of solution into the mixture obtained in the step S2, mixing for 10min, then adding the second part of solution, mixing for 15min, then adding the third part of solution, and mixing for 20min to obtain a final mixture;
finally, the mixture obtained after the third solution is added is processed into a sheet feed with the size of 1 x 0.6 x 0.8 by a granulator, so as to facilitate the feeding of procambarus clarkii.
The procambarus clarkii composite colored feed prepared in examples 1-3 was used to breed procambarus clarkii and was tested for survival rate of the bred procambarus clarkii, yield of two procambarus clarkii after breeding (over 40g, considered as finished procambarus clarkii), and rate of sale of the bred procambarus clarkii in the local market (rate of sale on the same day/day of sale), all other variables being consistent and for comparison, the data of all examples were normalized based on the data of example 1.
As in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
| Survival rate | Yield of finished products | Rate of sale | |
| Example 1 | 94％ | 82％ | 92％ |
| Example 2 | 96％ | 78％ | 86％ |
| Example 3 | 89％ | 75％ | 89％ |
As can be seen from table 1, the compound colored feed enriched with procambarus clarkii as given in example 1 is the best choice because the yield and the sale rate of the compound colored feed prepared in example 1 are better than those of examples 2 and 3, and the survival rate is only slightly lower than that of example 2, and more benefits can be obtained in the actual cultivation and sale.
Compared with the related technology, the procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
by adding carrot colorant into the feed for the Procambarus clarkii, the Procambarus clarkii fed by the feed can absorb the carrot colorant in a free form and can be combined with low density lipoprotein to be absorbed, so that the Procambarus clarkii can absorb nutrients in the feed more easily, the growth of the Procambarus clarkii is facilitated, and the appearance and the color of the final product are very pleasant and convenient to sell.
Fourth embodiment
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a first embodiment of the present application provides a crayfish rich composite colored feed and a method for making the same, and a fourth embodiment of the present application provides another crayfish rich composite colored feed and a method for making the same. The fourth embodiment is only a preferable mode of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the fourth embodiment does not affect the implementation of the first embodiment alone.
Specifically, the composite colored feed based on crayfish rich in crayfish proclarm and the preparation method thereof provided by the fourth embodiment of the present application are different in that the composite colored feed based on crayfish rich in crayfish and the preparation method thereof further include a flow dividing device 1 for trisecting the solution in step S3, the flow dividing device 1 includes a leakage-proof disc 11, three flow dividing cylinders 12 are fixedly connected to the top of the leakage-proof disc 11, and the three flow dividing cylinders 12 are connected one by connecting pipes 13;
the size of three reposition of redundant personnel section of thick bamboo 12 is unanimous completely, conveniently saves solution, and leak protection dish 11 kickup for when pouring into solution into reposition of redundant personnel section of thick bamboo 12 inside, if the spill appears, solution can drip in leak protection dish 11 top, can not cause the pollution on every side.
Be provided with cut-off equipment 2 on the connecting pipe 13, cut-off equipment 2 includes connecting block 21, threaded connection has threaded shaft 22 on the connecting block 21, threaded shaft 22's bottom is rotated and is connected with and is used for right connecting pipe 13 carries out the sealing plug 23 that dams.
Each connecting pipe 13 is provided with a shut-off device.
The two ends of the connecting pipe 13 are respectively and adjacently connected with the shunt cylinder 12, and the bottom of the shunt cylinder 12 is fixedly connected with the blanking pipe 3 controlled by the electromagnetic valve.
The feed pipe 3 can be opened and closed by a solenoid valve.
The connecting block 21 is fixed on the connecting pipe 13, and the bottom of the leakage-proof disc 11 is fixedly connected with a flow guide disc 4.
The invention provides a procambarus clarkii composite colored feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the working principle of the feed is as follows:
when the mixed solution of the carrot colorant and the water needs to be equally divided into three parts, the solution can be poured into one of the distributing cylinders 12, the solution entering the distributing cylinders 12 can flow into the other two distributing cylinders 12 through the connecting pipe 13, the water levels in the three distributing cylinders 12 can be kept at the same height under the action of water pressure, and finally the equal amount of solution exists in the three distributing cylinders 12;
the threaded shaft 22 is manually rotated in different directions, so that the threaded shaft 22 drives the sealing plug 23 to move up and down, the connecting pipe 13 can be cut off by moving the sealing plug 23 down, three separate areas can be formed by the three shunting barrels 12, and on the contrary, when the sealing plug 23 is lifted, the solution can pass through the connecting pipe 13, and the solution can be conveniently shunted into the three shunting barrels 12;
after the connecting pipe 13 is cut off by the sealing plug 23, the solutions in the three shunt tubes 12 are divided into three times and respectively flow down from the three blanking pipes 3, flow to the diversion disc 4 from the blanking pipes 3 and flow out along the diversion disc 4, so that the solutions are divided into three parts and are sequentially conveyed to the mixture prepared from the procambarus clarkii compound colored feed for feed preparation.
Compared with the related technology, the procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
through setting up diverging device, can carry out trisection to the mixed solution of carrot colorant and water to in carrying the mixture through same guiding disk 4 in the former crayfish compound colored feed of ke's, mix many times when being convenient for former crayfish compound colored feed of ke's preparation, through mixing many times, make the coloring of carrot colorant to the fodder more abundant and even.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The prochloraz crayfish compound coloring feed is characterized by comprising the following components:
bean dregs, sweet potatoes, fish meal, corn meal, bamboo leaves, fermented blood meal, bone meal, tape grass, a carotene colorant, a vitamin premix and a hulling element;
the bean dregs, the sweet potatoes, the fish meal, the corn meal, the bamboo leaf vegetables, the fermented blood meal, the bone meal, the tape grass, the carotene colorant, the vitamin premix and the hulling element are prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:
10-20% of bean dregs, 10-20% of sweet potatoes, 10-25% of fish meal, 10-16% of corn flour, 8-16% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 10-15% of fermented blood meal, 5-10% of bone meal, 5-10% of tape grass, 2-8% of carotene colorant, 5-7% of vitamin premix and 0.1-0.2% of hulling element.
2. The prochloraz crayfish composite coloring feed according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10% of bean dregs, 17% of sweet potatoes, 18% of fish meal, 12% of corn flour, 11% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 10% of fermented blood meal, 6% of bone meal, 8% of bitter herbs, 2% of carrot colorant, 5.9% of vitamin premix and 0.1% of dehulline.
3. The prochloraz crayfish composite coloring feed according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
11% of bean dregs, 13% of sweet potatoes, 16% of fish meal, 15% of corn flour, 12% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 11% of fermented blood meal, 7% of bone meal, 5% of bitter herbs, 4% of carrot colorant, 5.9% of vitamin premix and 0.1% of dehulline.
4. The prochloraz crayfish composite coloring feed according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
14% of bean dregs, 11% of sweet potatoes, 12% of fish meal, 12% of corn flour, 15% of bamboo leaf vegetables, 13% of fermented blood meal, 8% of bone meal, 5% of bitter herbs, 4% of carrot colorants, 5.8% of vitamin premix and 0.2% of dehulling agents.
5. The preparation method of the Procambarus clarkii composite coloring feed is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, fermenting the bean dregs, the sweet potatoes, the fish meal, the corn flour and the bamboo leaves vegetable for 24 hours through a fermentation box, adding the fermented blood meal, the bone meal and the bitter herbs, and fermenting for 48 hours to obtain a fermented product;
s2, adding the vitamin premix and the chitosan 2 into the fermentation product obtained in the step S1, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture;
s3, mixing the carrot colorant and water according to the proportion of 1: 3, equally dividing the solution into three parts, adding the first part of solution into the mixture obtained in the step S2, mixing for 10min, then adding the second part of solution, mixing for 15min, then adding the third part of solution, and mixing for 20min to obtain a final mixture;
s4, processing the mixture obtained in step S3 into a sheet feed with a size of 1 × 0.6 × 0.8 by using a granulator so as to facilitate the ingestion of procambarus clarkii.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein in step S1, the first fermentation temperature is controlled at 30-45 deg.C and the humidity is controlled at 50-70%, the second fermentation temperature is controlled at 25-35 deg.C and the humidity is controlled at 70-80%.
7. The crayfish composite colored feed and the manufacturing method thereof as claimed in claim 6, wherein the mixing of the three solutions is sprayed in the mixture obtained in the step S2 in the form of spraying in the step S3, the solution and the mixture are uniformly mixed with each other at the upper line, and heating is performed while mixing.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising a flow divider for trisecting the solution in step S3, wherein the flow divider comprises a leakage-proof plate, three flow dividing tubes are fixedly connected to the top of the leakage-proof plate, and the three flow dividing tubes are connected to each other through connecting tubes;
the connecting pipe is provided with a cut-off device, the cut-off device comprises a connecting block, a threaded shaft is connected to the connecting block in a threaded mode, and the bottom of the threaded shaft is rotatably connected with a sealing plug used for cutting off the connecting pipe.
9. The method for preparing the crayfish colored composite feed according to claim 8, wherein the two ends of the connecting tube are fixedly connected to the two adjacent shunt tubes, respectively, and the bottom of the shunt tube is fixedly connected to a feeding tube controlled by an electromagnetic valve.
10. The method for preparing the crayfish composite colored feed of claim 9, wherein the connecting block is fixed on the connecting pipe, and a flow guiding plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the leakage preventing plate.
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