CN114271080B - Fertilizing method for reducing arginine content of mulberry branches - Google Patents

Fertilizing method for reducing arginine content of mulberry branches Download PDF

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CN114271080B
CN114271080B CN202111469223.9A CN202111469223A CN114271080B CN 114271080 B CN114271080 B CN 114271080B CN 202111469223 A CN202111469223 A CN 202111469223A CN 114271080 B CN114271080 B CN 114271080B
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mulberry
compound fertilizer
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CN114271080A (en
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张和禹
朱向阳
黄梅
杨俊东
金毅群
罗豪尊
刘国栋
韦永山
韦云桐
明丽婷
韦妹芬
邹媛媛
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Beijing Wuhebao Pharmaceutical Co ltd
Guangxi Wuhe Boao Pharmaceutical Co ltd
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Guangxi Wuhe Boao Pharmaceutical Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a fertilizing method for reducing arginine content of mulberry twigs. The mulberry is fertilized by adopting any one of the following four schemes: 1) Applying 100kg of compound fertilizer and 150kg of organic fertilizer per mu; 2) Applying 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer and 50kg of calcium magnesium fertilizer to each mu of land; 3) Applying 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer and 1.0kg of boric fertilizer per mu; 4) 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer, 50kg of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 1.0kg of boron fertilizer are applied to each mu. The invention achieves the purpose of reducing the content of the arginine in the mulberry branches by selecting reasonable fertilizer types, proportions and fertilization periods or controlling the accumulation of free amino acid and inorganic nitrogen by compounding or matching a plurality of fertilizers.

Description

Fertilizing method for reducing arginine content of mulberry branches
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fertilizing method for reducing arginine content of mulberry branches, and belongs to the technical field of medicinal plant cultivation.
Background
The fertilizer application can provide comprehensive and sufficient nutrition for the mulberry, and effectively improve the yield of the mulberry, so that the fertilizer application needs to be balanced according to the growth condition and the nutrient requirement of the mulberry. The research shows that: after the single nitrogen fertilizer is applied to the mulberries of different varieties, the total nitrogen content in leaves, branches and roots is remarkably increased, from the view of nitrogen distribution of all parts of plants, the total nitrogen content is expressed as that leaves are larger than roots and branches, and compared with nitrogen-free treatment, nitrogen concentration of all parts of plants is improved when the nitrogen supply level is improved in nitrogen application treatment, which shows that the nitrogen fertilizer can effectively promote the growth of all parts of mulberries. The effect results of the fertilization levels of the nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphorus fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer on the mulberry show that: when the nitrogen is excessive, the ratio of non-protein nitrogen of the mulberry is obviously increased, the phenomenon that the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is insufficient is aggravated, the protein synthesis amount is hindered, and the accumulation abnormality of arginine, lysine, histidine and the like of leaves and branches of the mulberry is caused. When the nitrogen is insufficient, the overall growth of the mulberry is affected, the yield is reduced, and the quality is deteriorated. The variety, proportion and amount of the fertilizer all affect the arginine content of mulberry branches and leaves, and in addition, the fertilizing time and the mulberry cutting time also affect the arginine content of mulberry branches.
The traditional mulberry planting aims to pick off leaves and breed silkworms, the yield and quality of the leaves are the most concerned by silkworm farmers in the cultivation, and because silk is also protein and is obtained by transforming the mulberry leaves eaten by silkworms, the nitrogen content in the mulberry leaves is a key index for measuring the quality of the mulberry leaves, the nitrogen fertilizer is often applied in the actual cultivation. The content of the mulberry twig alkaloid is very low, on average about one per thousand, and the arginine in the mulberry twig needs to be reduced in the raw material cultivation process because the existing column separation process has certain difficulty in removing the arginine.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a compound fertilizer.
The compound fertilizer provided by the invention comprises 30-130 parts of compound fertilizer and more than 50 parts of organic fertilizer by mass.
Specifically, the compound fertilizer comprises, by mass, 60-100 parts of a compound fertilizer and 50-150 parts of an organic fertilizer; preferably, the fertilizer comprises 100 parts of compound fertilizer and 150 parts of organic fertilizer.
The compound fertilizer can also further comprise calcium magnesium fertilizer and/or boron fertilizer,
the mass portion of the calcium magnesium fertilizer can be 0-50; preferably 50 parts;
the mass portion of the boron fertilizer can be 0-1.5; preferably 1 part.
Preferably, the compound fertilizer is any one of the following (1) to (4):
(1) 100 parts of compound fertilizer and 150 parts of organic fertilizer;
(2) 100 parts of compound fertilizer, 150 parts of organic fertilizer and 50 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer;
(3) 100 parts of compound fertilizer, 150 parts of organic fertilizer and 1.0 part of boric fertilizer;
(4) 100 parts of compound fertilizer, 150 parts of organic fertilizer, 50 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 1.0 part of boron fertilizer.
The compound fertilizer can be a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, the total nutrient is more than or equal to 51 percent, and the compound fertilizer can be compound fertilizer jinsu 17-17-17 produced by Standley agricultural group Limited company;
the organic fertilizer can be a microbial organic fertilizer, in particular a green rhyme microbial organic fertilizer of Shijiazhuang green rhyme Fei Co., ltd, and the organic matter is more than or equal to 60 percent;
the calcium magnesium fertilizer can be a Jinsheng brand calcium magnesium nitrate produced by Shanxi province, JIEGONGJINsheng chemical industry limited company, wherein calcium oxide is more than or equal to 16, and magnesium oxide is more than or equal to 6;
the boron fertilizer can be Bori granular boron produced by Anhui Bori agrichemical Limited, and the boron content is more than or equal to 10.8 percent.
The application of the compound fertilizer in reducing the content of arginine in Moraceae plants also belongs to the protection range of the invention.
In the application, the Moraceae plants are as follows: the Moraceae plants are: morus alba (Morus murinus ti ca muris Perrott.), morus alba (Morus a l ba L.), morus alba (Morus atropureus Roxb.), morus raporus (Morus atropureus Roxb.), morus rilatus (Morus lizuhotta), morus longissimazz (Morus wilford Mazz.), morus laevigata Wall, morus nigra Linn, morus alba (Morus nigra Linn.), morus alba (Morus cayana Hemsii), morus serrata Roxb, morus mongolica Schneid, morus bombycis (Morus gomori Schneid.), morus bombus bombi (Morus bombycis Koidz.), morus alba (Morus nodulis neid.) (Morus bombycis nobilis. Ex), morus bombus chinensis (Morus nodulis nobilis neu, morus bombycis nobilis neus reis reishi, morus bombus nius nique. Tang Guisang (Morus nigrformis Koidz.), morus yunnanensis Koidz, morus alba (Morus australis Poir), morus alba (Morus mongolica (Burr.) Schneid var. Diabolica Koidz), morus alba (Morus alba var. Pendula Dippel), morus alba (Morus alba Var. Pendula Dippel), and any one or more of the varieties of Morus alba cultivated therefrom, the intraspecies or interspecies-bred hybrid Morus alba (Morus nigriformis Koidz); preferably, the Moraceae plant is selected from Guangdong mulberry, lu mulberry, bai mulberry, hibiscus serratus, shang mulberry or hybrid mulberry, and the hybrid mulberry is preferably Yue Mulberry No. 11, gui Sangyou or Sang Teyou.
Specifically, the application is to reduce the arginine content in various parts of leaves, roots, branches, peels, buds, stems and fruits of the Moraceae plants.
The invention also provides a fertilizing method for reducing the content of arginine in each part of the Moraceae plants.
The fertilizing method for reducing the arginine content of each part of the Moraceae plants, provided by the invention, is to fertilize the Moraceae plants by adopting the compound fertilizer.
The operation of fertilization is as follows: and mixing the compound fertilizer, ditching between two lines of Moraceae plants, fertilizing, and covering soil.
The fertilizing amount is any one of the following:
1) Applying 30-130kg of compound fertilizer and more than 50kg of organic fertilizer per mu;
2) Applying 60-100kg of compound fertilizer and 50-150kg of organic fertilizer per mu;
3) Applying 30-130kg of compound fertilizer, more than 50kg of organic fertilizer and 0-50kg of calcium magnesium fertilizer per mu;
4) Applying 30-130kg of organic fertilizer and more than 50kg of boric fertilizer and 0-1.5kg of boric fertilizer per mu;
preferably, the fertilizing amount is 60-100kg of compound fertilizer and 50-150kg of organic fertilizer applied to each mu;
more preferably, the fertilizing amount is any one of the following:
(1) Applying 100kg of compound fertilizer and 150kg of organic fertilizer per mu;
(2) 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer and 50kg of calcium magnesium fertilizer are applied to each mu;
(3) Applying 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer and 1.0kg of boric fertilizer to each mu;
(4) 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer, 50kg of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 1.0kg of boron fertilizer are applied to each mu.
The depth of the ditching can be 10cm;
fertilizing twice all year round, the first fertilizing time is ten days of May, the second fertilizing time is ten days of July;
planting 4000-8000 Moraceae plants per mu with row spacing of 0.8m (0.10-0.15); preferably, 6000 plants are planted in each mu of the Moraceae plants, and the row spacing of the plants is 0.14m × 0.8m.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a compound fertilizer, which effectively reduces the content of arginine in mulberry twigs under the conditions of not changing the effective medicine content of the mulberry twigs and not influencing the quality and the yield of mulberry leaves by adopting the fertilizing scheme, thereby reducing the difficulty of removing the arginine in the mulberry twigs from the source and being beneficial to improving the purity of the alkaloid of mulberry trees.
2. The invention provides a fertilizing method for reducing the content of arginine in each part of a Moraceae plant, which achieves the aim of reducing the content of arginine in ramulus mori by selecting reasonable fertilizer types, proportions and fertilizing periods or controlling the accumulation of free amino acid and inorganic nitrogen by compounding or matching multiple fertilizers.
Detailed Description
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.
In addition, the technical features related to the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention provides a fertilizing method for reducing arginine content of mulberry twigs, which is to adopt any one of the following four schemes to fertilize mulberry trees:
1) Applying 100kg of compound fertilizer and 150kg of organic fertilizer per mu;
2) 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer and 50kg of calcium magnesium fertilizer are applied to each mu;
3) Applying 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer and 1.0kg of boric fertilizer to each mu;
4) 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer, 50kg of calcium-magnesium fertilizer and 1.0kg of boron fertilizer are applied to each mu;
and (3) fertilizing the mulberry by adopting any one of the four schemes, wherein fertilizing is carried out twice all the year, the first fertilizing time is ten days of January, and the second fertilizing time is ten days of July.
The mulberry is Gui Sang You No. 12, which is a 4-year-old mulberry.
6000 strains of mulberry are planted per mu, and the row spacing of the strains is 0.14m.0.8m.
Examples
1. Design of experiments
The test area belongs to subtropical monsoon climate areas in Yizhou areas of river ponds in autonomous areas of Guangxi Zhuang nationalities, and has sufficient illumination and sufficient rainfall. The annual average sunshine hours 1696.9 hours, and the annual average temperature is between 19.6 and 20.2 ℃.
The planting land is a sloping land with 5-6 degrees. The mulberry variety is Gui Sang You No. 5363, which is a 4-year-old mulberry. The mulberry field is fertilized twice all year round, the first fertilization time is 1 month and 3 days, and the first fertilization time is Sang Zhijian cutting and testing time is 6 months and 25 days. The second fertilization time was 7 months and 1 day, and the second pruning and testing was performed at 12 months and 26 days. The cut mulberry twigs are sampled randomly, mulberry twigs which are free of plant diseases and insect pests, have the same growth vigor and are 20 cm away from the ground are selected as samples in each cell, and the samples are dried, crushed and stored at a low temperature for later use.
The multifactor experiment set 5 treatments, each set of 3 replicates, 5 treatments were identical except for the fertilization. 6000 strains of mulberry are planted per mu, the plant row spacing is 0.14m.0.8m, and the treatment is carried out at intervals of 3 rows. And performing conventional control fertilization at intervals.
Treatment 1 (control): applying 100kg of compound fertilizer per mu based on the common fertilization method of local silkworm farmers;
and (3) treatment 2: applying 100kg of compound fertilizer and 150kg of organic fertilizer per mu;
and (3) treatment: applying 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer and 50kg of calcium magnesium fertilizer to each mu of land;
and (4) treatment: applying 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer and 1.0kg of boric fertilizer per mu;
and (4) treatment 5: 100kg of compound fertilizer, 150kg of organic fertilizer, 50kg of calcium-magnesium fertilizer and 1.0kg of boron fertilizer are applied to each mu;
the following are brands and product standards for various fertilizers:
compound fertilizer: 17-17-17 of composite fertilizer jin element of Standley agricultural group Limited company, the type is potassium sulfate type, and the total nutrient is more than or equal to 51 percent;
organic fertilizer: the organic matter of the green rhyme microbial organic fertilizer of Shijiazhuang green rhyme fertilizer industry Co., ltd is more than or equal to 60%;
calcium magnesium fertilizer: the Jinsheng calcium magnesium nitrate produced by the Shanxi province-Gengheng chemical industry Limited company has calcium oxide more than or equal to 16 and magnesium oxide more than or equal to 6;
b, boron fertilizer: the boron content of Borui particle produced by Anhui Borui agricultural chemical company Limited is more than or equal to 10.8 percent.
The fertilizer application method comprises the following steps: mixing the treated fertilizers, ditching 10cm between two rows of mulberries, and covering soil after fertilization.
Arginine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Sample solution: accurately weighing 1.00g of mulberry twig powder sample sieved by a 40-mesh sieve, adding 40ml of distilled water for dissolving, and carrying out ultrasonic extraction on arginine for 30 minutes. Filtering, washing the residue and filter paper for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dry. The powder obtained is dissolved in distilled water in a small beaker and transferred into a 25ml volumetric flask, and the beaker is washed three times with distilled water and poured into the volumetric flask together with the washing liquid. And finally, fixing the volume and shaking up to obtain a sample solution.
The extraction method and the detection method of the mulberry twig alkaloid are carried out by referring to the method disclosed in the embodiment 1 in the publication number CN 110393738A; the mulberry leaf protein is measured by adopting a Kjeldahl method of GB 5009.5-2010; the content of the soluble sugar is measured by adopting an anthrone colorimetric method; the mulberry leaf yield is measured once in the middle of 12 months and 6 months respectively according to a method of picking and weighing leaves.
2. Test results
The results of the variance analysis and the multiple comparison of the post-test on the detection results of the arginine content of the mulberry branches treated by each fertilizer application show that the difference of the arginine content of the mulberry branches treated by each fertilizer application has statistical significance (P is less than 0.05), wherein the arginine content of the mulberry branches of a conventional Shan Shi compound fertilizer is the highest, the arginine content of the mulberry branches of the conventional Shan Shi compound fertilizer is the next compound fertilizer plus organic fertilizer, the arginine content of the mulberry branches is the lowest compound fertilizer plus organic fertilizer plus calcium magnesium fertilizer plus boron fertilizer, the arginine content of the mulberry branches is 0.201mg/g in 6 months, the arginine content of the mulberry branches is reduced by 28.97% compared with that of the mulberry trees of the conventional Shan Shi compound fertilizer, the arginine content of the mulberry branches measured in 12 months is 0.029mg/g, and the arginine content of the mulberry branches is reduced by 23.68 in comparison (see Table 1). According to the content comparison of the determined total alkaloids of the mulberry twigs, the fertilizing method does not change the effective medicine content of the mulberry twigs (see table 2). In addition, the results of the quality and the yield of the mulberry leaves (see tables 3 and 4) show that the fertilizing method effectively improves the yield and the quality of the mulberry leaves, effectively reduces the arginine content of mulberry twigs on the basis of ensuring the silkworm breeding performance of silkworm raisers, and further ensures the medicine quality at the source of raw materials.
TABLE 1 comparison of arginine content in mulberry branches under different fertilization treatments
Figure BDA0003390905690000051
Note: the data in the same column are indicated by different lower case letters indicating significant differences (P < 0.05) after multiple comparisons by post-test.
TABLE 2 comparison of Total alkaloid content in ramulus Mori under different fertilization treatments
Figure BDA0003390905690000052
Figure BDA0003390905690000061
Note: the data in the same column are followed by different lower case letters indicating significant differences (P < 0.05) after post-test multiple comparisons.
TABLE 3 comparison of mulberry leaf quality under different fertilization treatments
Figure BDA0003390905690000062
Note: the data in the same column are indicated by different lower case letters indicating significant differences (P < 0.05) after multiple comparisons by post-test.
TABLE 4 comparison of Mulberry leaf yields under different fertilization treatments
Figure BDA0003390905690000063
Note: the data in the same column are followed by different lower case letters indicating significant differences (P < 0.05) after post-test multiple comparisons.

Claims (9)

1. A compound fertilizer for reducing arginine content of mulberry branches is characterized in that: the compound fertilizer consists of 60-100 parts of compound fertilizer, 50-150 parts of organic fertilizer, 50 parts of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 1-1.5 parts of boron fertilizer in parts by mass.
2. The compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass portion of the compound fertilizer is 100 portions, and the mass portion of the organic fertilizer is 150 portions.
3. The compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the mass portion of the boron fertilizer is 1 portion.
4. The compound fertilizer of claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the compound fertilizer is a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, and the total nutrient is more than or equal to 51 percent;
the organic fertilizer is a microbial organic fertilizer, and the organic matter is more than or equal to 60 percent;
the calcium oxide and the magnesium oxide of the calcium magnesium fertilizer are more than or equal to 16 and the magnesium oxide is more than or equal to 6;
the boron content of the boron fertilizer is more than or equal to 10.8 percent.
5. Use of the compound fertilizer of any one of claims 1-4 for reducing arginine content in mulberry twigs.
6. A fertilizing method for reducing arginine content of mulberry branches is characterized in that: the compound fertilizer of any one of claims 1-4 is used for fertilizing mulberry.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the operation of fertilization is as follows: and mixing the compound fertilizer, ditching between two lines of mulberry trees, fertilizing, and covering soil.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: fertilizing twice all year round, the first fertilizing time is ten days of January, the second fertilizing time is seven days of July;
4000-8000 mulberry plants are planted per mu, and the row spacing of the plants is (0.10-0.15) m x 0.8m.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: 6000 strains are planted in each mu of the mulberry, and the row spacing of the strains is 0.14m x 0.8m.
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