CN114261150A - High-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric and application thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of fireproof fabrics, wherein the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric comprises a surface layer, a middle heat insulation layer and an inner layer; wherein, the surface layer has concave-convex and lattice structure, the middle heat-insulating layer comprises non-woven fabric felt, and the inner layer comprises flame-retardant fabric; the middle heat-insulating layer is arranged between the surface layer and the inner layer, and the middle heat-insulating layer is sewed with the surface layer through the crossing points of the grids. The invention solves the technical problems that the high-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant fabric is low in high-temperature resistance and washing resistance and the buffering performance is reduced due to the fact that the heat-insulating material is too thick, and achieves the technical effects of excellent flame retardance, high-temperature resistance, better heat-insulating buffering performance and better washing resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fireproof fabrics, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric and application thereof.
Background
Under the new times and the newly developed large background, the working conditions of high quality, high efficiency and high protection become the targets which are pursued by people together. The individual protective equipment in the field of thermal environments such as fire or high temperature is brand new and upgraded and mainly comprises protective clothing for high-temperature stokehole operation in industries such as petroleum, chemical engineering, metallurgy and glass and the like and fire-fighting clothing for fire fighting and forest fire prevention. The staff in the face of abominable high temperature environment for example the staff in front of the high temperature furnace can be in operation and the fire fighter can direct contact flame when cominging in and going out the scene of a fire under 600 ℃ high temperature environment every day, and these external heats all can give the human body with thermal convection, heat radiation and heat-conducting form transmission, and then cause serious injury to the human body. Therefore, in order to protect the human body from being damaged by the high-temperature environment, improve the comfort of the wearer and enhance the personal safety, the high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant fabric used for manufacturing the fireproof and heat-insulation protective clothing must have the characteristics of anti-radiation heat, flame retardance, heat insulation, high temperature resistance, high strength, wear resistance, comfort, ventilation and the like.
In order to meet and take multiple functional requirements of fireproof heat insulation clothes into consideration, high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabrics on the market are generally compounded by multiple layers of fabrics such as an outer layer, a heat insulation layer and a comfort layer; the outer layer is mostly made of flame-retardant fabric and is coated with aluminum foil, so that good heat radiation prevention and flame retardant functions can be achieved; the heat insulation layer mainly plays a role in slowing down and stopping heat transfer; the comfortable layer is worn close to the inside of the human body and is mainly used for reducing the physiological load brought by the front two layers of materials.
However, the existing fireproof heat insulation clothes still have a plurality of problems, on one hand, the outer layer material pursues the flame retardant effect, so that the high temperature resistance and the water washing resistance are weakened; on the other hand, the heat-insulating material is too thick, so that the buffer performance is reduced, the air permeability is not enough, the whole comfort is poor, and finally the advantages and the characteristics of the multilayer material cannot be maximized. Therefore, the exploration of the multifunctional super-high temperature resistant flame-retardant fabric which has excellent flame retardance, heat reflection radiation and high temperature resistance, and also has better heat insulation buffering, water washing resistance and comfortable and breathable characteristics is urgently needed in the field, and has great practical significance for improving the working quality and efficiency of operating personnel and increasing the escape opportunities of firefighters.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric which can give consideration to better flame retardant property, high-temperature resistance, better heat insulation and buffering property and better water washing resistance.
The invention also aims to provide application of the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric in manufacturing flame-retardant heat-insulation clothes.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric, which comprises a surface layer, a middle heat insulation layer and an inner layer;
the surface layer fabric has a concave-convex and lattice structure;
the middle heat insulation layer comprises a non-woven fabric felt;
the inner layer comprises a flame-retardant fabric;
the intermediate heat-insulating layer is arranged between the surface layer and the inner layer, and the intermediate heat-insulating layer is sewn with the surface layer through the intersection points of the parallel grids.
Further, the surface fabric of the surface layer comprises a double-layer fabric;
further preferably, the surface layer yarn of the double-layer fabric comprises a core-spun yarn;
further preferably, the inner layer yarn of the double-layer fabric comprises a flame-retardant yarn.
Further, the core filament of the core-spun yarn comprises at least one of a basalt filament and a glass fiber filament;
further preferably, the basalt filament and the glass fiber filament are both independently 30-50D;
further preferably, the covering fiber of the core-spun yarn includes at least one of polyaryloxadiazole fiber, polyimide fiber and polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole;
further preferably, the covering fiber of the core-spun yarn is a mixed yarn of polyaryl oxadiazole fiber, polyimide fiber and poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole);
further preferably, the mass ratio of the polyaryl oxadiazole fiber to the polyimide fiber to the poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) is 60-80: 10-30: 5-15;
further preferably, the yarn count of the polyaryl oxadiazole fiber, the polyimide fiber and the poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole is 30-40S independently.
Further, the flame-retardant yarn comprises blended yarn formed by phosphorus expansion type flame-retardant viscose and at least two of aramid 1313, polyaryl oxadiazole fiber and modacrylic;
further preferably, the flame-retardant yarn is a blended yarn of aramid 1313, polyaryl oxadiazole fiber, modacrylic and phosphorus intumescent flame-retardant viscose;
further preferably, the mass ratio of the aramid fiber 1313, the polyarodiazole fiber, the modacrylic and the phosphorus intumescent flame retardant adhesive is 30-50: 10-20: 20-40: 20-40 parts of;
further preferably, the flame-retardant yarns comprise thick flame-retardant yarns and thin flame-retardant yarns, the yarn count of the thin flame-retardant yarns is 40-50 inches, and the yarn count of the thick flame-retardant yarns is 15-25 inches.
Further, the inner layer of the double-layer fabric has the concave-convex combined-warp lattice structure formed by the fine flame-retardant yarns and the coarse flame-retardant yarns.
Further, the concave-convex combined-warp lattice structure is formed by using the fine flame-retardant yarn as a base yarn and using the coarse flame-retardant yarn in a 3-combined-warp mode;
more preferably, the length of the parallel-crossing lattice is 0.2-0.4 cm, and the width is 0.1-0.3 cm.
Further, the gram weight of the non-woven fabric felt is 50-90 g/m2；
Further preferably, the non-woven fabric felt comprises a non-woven fabric felt compounded with aerogel;
further preferably, the aerogel comprises an aerogel filled with alumina;
more preferably, the filling amount of the alumina is 3-10% of the mass of the aerogel.
Further, the gram weight of the flame-retardant fabric is 100-150 g/m2；
Further preferably, the flame-retardant fabric comprises a flame-retardant fabric obtained by blending aramid 1313 and flame-retardant viscose.
Furthermore, the non-woven fabric felt and the flame-retardant fabric are prepared by adopting a unidirectional moisture-conducting after-finishing process independently.
In a second aspect, the invention provides application of a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric in manufacturing flame-retardant heat-insulation clothes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric, the surface layer is uneven and passes through the lattice structure, and the heat-insulating layer of the middle layer and the fabric of the surface layer are sewn at the intersection points of the lattice structure, so that a static air layer can be formed between the surface layer and the heat-insulating layer of the middle layer, and the heat-insulating effect of the fabric can be effectively improved; moreover, when the fabric is subjected to thermal expansion, the fabric texture is more compact, the concave-convex structure of the fabric is more obvious, and more air can be contained so as to improve the heat insulation performance of the fabric; the special lattice structure design of the invention can effectively obstruct the radiation of high-temperature fire source, and simultaneously has better heat insulation performance, thereby greatly improving the heat protection performance of the fabric.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a surface double-layer fabric of a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric according to an embodiment of the invention.
Icon: 1-double layer fabric of surface layer; 10-alumina coating; 102-an outer layer of double layer fabric; 103-a concave-convex lattice structure of the inner layer of the double-layer fabric; 2-heat insulation layer non-woven fabric felt; 20-flame-retardant yarns connecting the inner layer of the double-layer fabric and the non-woven fabric felt; 22-unidirectional moisture-conducting fibers; 30-flame retardant glue; 3-flame-retardant fabric of the inner layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric is provided, which comprises a surface layer, a middle heat insulation layer and an inner layer;
wherein, the surface layer fabric has concave-convex and lattice structure; the intermediate insulating layer includes, but is not limited to, a non-woven fabric felt; inner layers include, but are not limited to, flame retardant fabrics; the middle heat-insulating layer is arranged between the surface layer and the inner layer, and the middle heat-insulating layer is sewed with the surface layer through the crossing points of the grids.
In the invention, the surface layer has an uneven and grid structure, and the fabric of the surface layer is sewn with the middle heat-insulating layer at the intersection of the grid structure and the grid structure, so that a static air layer can be formed between the surface layer and the middle heat-insulating layer, and the heat-insulating effect of the fabric can be effectively improved; moreover, when the fabric is subjected to thermal expansion, the fabric texture is more compact, the concave-convex structure of the fabric is more obvious, and more air can be contained so as to improve the heat insulation performance of the fabric; the special lattice structure design of the invention can effectively obstruct the radiation of high-temperature fire source, and simultaneously has better heat insulation performance, thereby greatly improving the heat protection performance of the fabric.
In a preferred embodiment, the facing of the skin layer of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, a double layer fabric; the surface layer yarn of the double-layer fabric comprises covering yarn, and the inner layer yarn of the double-layer fabric comprises flame-retardant yarn.
The surface layer yarn of the double-layer fabric adopts the core-spun yarn, and the inner layer yarn of the double-layer fabric adopts the flame-retardant yarn, so that the heat insulation and flame retardant properties of the fabric can be improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the core filament of the core spun yarn of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, at least one of a basalt filament and a glass fiber filament; the basalt filament and the glass fiber filament are both independently 30-50D, such as 30D, 35D, 40D, 45D and 50D; the covering fiber of the core spun yarn of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, at least one of polyaryloxadiazole fiber, polyimide fiber, and polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole.
The invention obtains the core-spun yarn with high temperature resistance by carrying out the core-spun process on the outer covering fiber and the core yarn filament.
In a preferred embodiment, the covering fiber of the core spun yarn of the present invention is a mixed yarn of a polyaryloxadiazole fiber, a polyimide fiber, and a polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole; wherein, the mass ratio of polyaryl oxadiazole fiber, polyimide fiber and poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) is 60-80: 10-30: 5-15, typically but not limited to, in a mass ratio of 60: 30: 15. 70: 20: 5. 80: 10: 5. 65: 15: 15. 75: 25: 15. 80: 25: 15.
the yarn count of the polyaryloxadiazole fiber, the polyimide fiber and the poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole is independently 30-40S, such as 30S, 35S and 40S.
The selected high-temperature resistant fibers have a synergistic heat insulation effect, and the yarn core-spun yarn formed by compounding the high-temperature resistant fibers with a specific mass ratio and a specific yarn count has a high flame-retardant heat insulation effect and can resist the high temperature of over 1000 ℃; meanwhile, the aluminum oxide can be coated to achieve the effect of reflecting heat radiation, and the aluminum oxide can resist high temperature of more than 1500 ℃.
The typical preparation method of the surface layer yarn (core-spun yarn) of the double-layer fabric comprises the following steps:
taking 30-50D basalt and glass fiber filaments as core filaments, wherein the glass fiber and the basalt fiber are resistant to high temperature of more than 1000 ℃, and are coated with poly-aromatic oxadiazole (POD), polyimide and poly-p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole (PBO) mixed roving, the mass ratio of the roving is 60-80: 10-30: 5-15, and the yarn count is 30-40S;
the fiber is subjected to mixed opening and blowing, then is carded on a flat carding machine once to be made into wool tops of 4.5-5.5 g/10m, then drawing is carried out, 8 pieces of three-pass drawing are adopted, and the quantity of drawing is 7.5-8.5 g/10 m;
the high-temperature-resistant covering yarn is obtained by covering the sheath yarn and the core yarn filaments through a covering process, and the specific process is as follows: feeding the drawn roving into a roving machine, wherein the roving twisting direction is Z twisting; controlling the twist of 80-90 twist/10 cm, controlling the yarn count to be 3-40S single-strand yarn through a core-spun process, then plying and doubling 2 single yarns, wherein the twist direction is S twist, and controlling the twist of 70-80 twist/10 cm.
The composite yarn obtained by the specific process, namely the core-spun yarn, has excellent flame-retardant and heat-insulating effects and high-temperature resistance.
The inner layer yarn of the double-layer fabric adopts flame-retardant yarn, and the flame-retardant yarn comprises but is not limited to blended yarn formed by phosphorus expansion type flame-retardant viscose and at least two of aramid 1313, polyaryl oxadiazole fiber and modacrylic.
The flame-retardant yarn formed by the specific fiber is high-temperature-resistant and thermal expansion type flame-retardant yarn.
In a preferred embodiment, the flame-retardant yarn of the invention is a blended yarn of aramid 1313, polyaryl oxadiazole fiber, modacrylic, and phosphorus intumescent flame-retardant viscose; the mass ratio of the aramid fiber 1313, the polyaryl oxadiazole fiber, the modacrylic and the phosphorus intumescent flame retardant adhesive is 30-50: 10-20: 20-40: 20-40, typically but not limited to, in a mass ratio of, for example, 30: 20: 40: 20. 40: 20: 30: 20. 50: 10: 20: 40. 35: 20: 35: 20. 45, and (2) 45: 15: 30: 35.
the high-temperature resistant fiber selected by the invention has a synergistic heat insulation effect, and blended yarns formed by specific mass ratio and specific yarn count have a better high-temperature resistant flame retardant effect.
In a preferred embodiment, the flame-retardant yarn of the present invention comprises a coarse flame-retardant yarn and a fine flame-retardant yarn; wherein, the yarn count of the thin flame-retardant yarn is 40-50, and typical but non-limiting yarn counts are 40, 45 and 50; the yarn count of the coarse flame-retardant yarn is 15-25 inches, and typical but non-limiting yarn counts are 15 inches, 20 inches and 25 inches.
The typical preparation method of the inner layer yarn of the surface layer double-layer fabric comprises the following steps:
the inner layer yarn is high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant yarn, is 2 kinds of yarns with different thicknesses, and is high-temperature-resistant expanded flame-retardant yarn, specifically is blended yarn of aramid fiber 1313, polyaryloxadiazole fiber, modacrylic and phosphorus-based expanded flame-retardant viscose, wherein the mass ratio of the aramid fiber 1313 to the polyaryloxadiazole fiber to the modacrylic to the phosphorus-based expanded flame-retardant viscose is 30-50: 10-20: 20-40: 20-40, the yarn count of the thinner yarn is 40-50, and the yarn count of the thicker yarn is 15-25;
the fibers with the blending ratio are subjected to mixed opening and blowing, then are carded on a flat card to form wool tops with the thickness of 4-5 g/10m, then drawing is carried out, 8 three-pass drawing is adopted, and the quantity of drawing is 7-8 g/10 m; feeding the drawn roving into a roving machine, wherein the roving twisting direction is Z twisting; controlling the twist number to be 75-85 twist/10 cm, preparing single yarns through a compact textile process, then plying and doubling 2 single yarns, wherein the twist direction is S twist, and the twist number is controlled to be 65-75 twist/10 cm.
The flame-retardant yarn prepared by the specific process has excellent high-temperature resistance and flame retardance.
In a preferred embodiment, the inner layer of the double layer fabric of the surface layer of the present invention has an uneven and passing lattice structure formed of fine flame-retardant yarns and coarse flame-retardant yarns.
In a preferred embodiment, the uneven warp lattice structure of the back layer of the surface double-layer fabric of the present invention is formed by using a fine flame-retardant yarn as a base yarn and 3 parallel warps as coarse flame-retardant yarns (i.e., 3 coarse yarns are arranged in sequence as a lattice yarn); wherein the length of the grid is 0.2-0.4 cm, and the width is 0.1-0.3 cm.
In the invention, the structure of a typical high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric is shown in figure 1, wherein 1-the surface layer of double-layer fabric is shown in figure 2, the double-layer fabric has a two-layer structure and is divided into an outer layer and an inner layer, and 3 thick strands of the inner layer are sequentially arranged together to be used as grid lines; in FIG. 1, the 10-alumina coating, has the effect of reflecting thermal radiation; 102-the outer layer of the double-layer fabric, 103-the concave-convex lattice structure of the inner layer of the double-layer fabric; 2-a non-woven fabric felt of the thermal insulation layer as an intermediate thermal insulation layer; 20-connecting the inner layer of the double-layer fabric with the flame-retardant yarns of the non-woven fabric felt, and sewing the middle heat-insulating layer with the inner layer fabric of the double-layer fabric at the crossing points of the parallel grids by using the flame-retardant yarns; 22-unidirectional moisture-conducting fibers; 30-flame retardant glue, which plays a role in bonding; 3-the flame-retardant fabric of the inner layer has the characteristics of flame retardance and wearing comfort. According to the invention, at the cross points of the parallel-warp lattices, the middle heat-insulating layer and the inner fabric of the double-layer fabric are sewn by adopting the flame-retardant yarns, so that a static air layer can be formed between the surface layer and the middle heat-insulating layer, and the heat-insulating effect of the fabric can be effectively improved; meanwhile, when the fabric is heated, the thin flame-retardant yarns on the inner layer are heated and expanded to enable the fabric texture to be more compact and the thick warp yarns become thick, so that the concave-convex structure of the fabric is more obvious, more air can be contained, and the heat insulation performance of the fabric is improved. Therefore, the layer of structural design can efficiently obstruct the radiation of a high-temperature fire source, has better heat-insulating property and greatly improves the heat protection performance of the fabric.
In the invention, the middle heat insulation layer comprises but is not limited to a non-woven fabric felt, and the gram weight of the non-woven fabric felt is 50-90 g/m2Typical but not limiting grammage of, for example, 50g/m2、60g/m2、70g/m2、80g/m2、90g/m2。
In a preferred embodiment, the nonwoven fabric mats of the present invention include, but are not limited to, aerogel-compounded nonwoven fabric mats; among them, the aerogels of the present invention include, but are not limited to, aerogels filled with alumina; the loading amount of the alumina of the present invention is 3-10% of the mass of the aerogel, and typical but non-limiting loading amounts thereof are, for example, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% of the mass of the aerogel.
The preparation method of the non-woven fabric felt provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing high-temperature-resistant aramid 1414, pre-oxidized fiber and flame-retardant polyester unidirectional moisture-conducting fiber according to a mass ratio of 10-30: 30-60: 15-30 layers of mixed materials are laid on the surface of the fabric for 5-10 layers, and then the non-woven fabric with the thickness of 0.2-0.4 cm is formed through spunlace or needle punching; and then filling 3-10% of alumina particles in the aerogel, and forming a non-woven fabric composite felt with the non-woven fabric by adopting a sol-gel in-situ compounding process, wherein the unidirectional moisture-conducting fiber is Newcool and has the specification of 1.5D 51 mm.
In the invention, the aerogel filled with the alumina particles can effectively reflect a part of heat, and the aerogel has good heat insulation performance, so that after the aerogel is compounded with the non-woven fabric felt, the fabric can further obstruct the radiation and conduction of a heat source, and a relatively excellent heat insulation buffer effect is achieved, so that the aerogel and the surface fabric form double high temperature resistance, heat radiation prevention and heat insulation functions; meanwhile, the unidirectional moisture-conducting fibers in the non-woven fabric can effectively disperse heat, sweat and the like in the human body, so that the wearing comfort is improved.
In the invention, the gram weight of the flame-retardant fabric of the inner layer is 100-150 g/m2Typical but not limiting grammage of, for example, 100g/m2、120g/m2、130g/m2、140g/m2、150g/m2(ii) a The flame-retardant fabric comprises but is not limited to a flame-retardant fabric obtained by blending aramid fibers 1313 and flame-retardant viscose.
The typical preparation method of the flame-retardant fabric of the inner layer comprises the following steps:
the mass ratio of the aramid fiber 1313 to the flame-retardant viscose is 30-50: 50-70, 40-50 yarns, plain weave;
the method adopts an original one-way moisture-conducting after-finishing process, and comprises the following specific processes:
1.
6-20% of EDOLAN EP5954 waterproof agent, 2-6% of ACRONC FN01 thickening agent (adjusted according to actual conditions), and 74-92% of water;
viscosity: about 4000cps (adjusted according to actual conditions);
vehicle speed: 25-30 m/min;
temperature: baking at 150 deg.C for 1 min;
2.
TANAFINISH HPX:20～30g/L；
vehicle speed: 20 to 30m/min
Temperature: 120 to 130 ℃.
The flame-retardant fabric with the specific composition has the functions of moisture absorption and sweat releasing, the layer is worn close to the inside, has certain heat and moisture transfer capacity, is beneficial to the dissipation of human body heat and the evaporation of sweat, and meets the requirement of the human body on comfort while ensuring the effective exertion of the protection function of the outer layer.
In the invention, the non-woven fabric felt and the flame-retardant fabric are both prepared by adopting a one-way moisture-conducting after-finishing process, and the fabric with good heat insulation effect and high comfort can be obtained.
In conclusion, the heat-insulating and flame-retardant fabric is formed by sewing the heat-insulating layer in the middle and the lining fabric from the inner layer of the outer fabric and the cross points of the grids by adopting the same high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant yarns passing through the grids and processing three layers of fabrics through multiple processes.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the application of the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric in manufacturing flame-retardant heat-insulation clothes is provided, and the excellent flame-retardant performance, the high-temperature-resistant performance, the better heat-insulation buffering performance, the better wearing comfort and the better water washing resistance can be considered at the same time.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The materials in the examples are prepared according to known methods or are directly commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric comprises a surface layer, a middle heat insulation layer and an inner layer;
wherein, the surface layer fabric has the concavo convex formed by alumina coating yarn and passes through a lattice structure;
the middle heat insulation layer is a one-way moisture-conducting alumina modified aerogel non-woven fabric;
the inner layer is a one-way moisture-conducting finishing flame-retardant fabric.
In this embodiment, the fabric of the surface layer is a double-layer fabric, and the preparation method of the surface layer yarn (core spun yarn) of the double-layer fabric includes the following steps:
taking 30-50D basalt and glass fiber filaments as core filaments, wherein the glass fiber and the basalt fiber are resistant to high temperature of more than 1000 ℃, and are coated with poly-aromatic oxadiazole (POD), polyimide and poly-p-Phenylene Benzobisoxazole (PBO) mixed roving, the mass ratio of the roving is 60-80: 10-30: 5-15, and the yarn count is 30-40S;
the fiber is subjected to mixed opening and blowing, then is carded on a flat carding machine once to be made into wool tops of 4.5-5.5 g/10m, then drawing is carried out, 8 pieces of three-pass drawing are adopted, and the quantity of drawing is 7.5-8.5 g/10 m;
the high-temperature-resistant covering yarn is obtained by covering the sheath yarn and the core yarn filaments through a covering process, and the specific process is as follows: feeding the drawn roving into a roving machine, wherein the roving twisting direction is Z twisting; controlling the twist of 80-90 twist/10 cm, controlling the yarn count to be 3-40S single-strand yarn through a core-spun process, then plying and doubling 2 single yarns, wherein the twist direction is S twist, and controlling the twist of 70-80 twist/10 cm.
The inner layer yarns of the double-layer fabric are high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant yarns and are 2 kinds of yarns with different thicknesses, high-temperature-resistant expanded-type flame-retardant yarns are adopted, specifically, blended yarns of aramid 1313, polyaryloxadiazole fibers, modacrylic and phosphorus-series expanded-type flame-retardant viscose are adopted, and the mass ratio of the aramid 1313, the polyaryloxadiazole fibers, the modacrylic and the phosphorus-series expanded-type flame-retardant viscose is 30-50: 10-20: 20-40: 20-40, the yarn count of the thinner yarn is 40-50, and the yarn count of the thicker yarn is 15-25;
the fibers with the blending ratio are subjected to mixed opening and blowing, then are carded on a flat card to form wool tops with the thickness of 4-5 g/10m, then drawing is carried out, 8 three-pass drawing is adopted, and the quantity of drawing is 7-8 g/10 m; feeding the drawn roving into a roving machine, wherein the roving twisting direction is Z twisting; controlling the twist number to be 75-85 twist/10 cm, preparing single yarns through a compact textile process, then plying and doubling 2 single yarns, wherein the twist direction is S twist, and the twist number is controlled to be 65-75 twist/10 cm.
In the embodiment, the inner layer of the double-layer fabric of the surface layer fabric has a concave-convex warp-merging lattice structure, and the warp-merging lattice structure is formed by taking thin flame-retardant yarns as base yarns and taking thick flame-retardant yarns in a warp-merging mode of 3; and at the cross points of the parallel-warp lattices, the middle heat-insulating layer is sewn with the inner fabric of the double-layer fabric by adopting the flame-retardant yarns, so that a static air layer can be formed between the surface layer and the middle heat-insulating layer, and the heat-insulating effect of the fabric can be effectively improved.
In this embodiment, a method for preparing an intermediate thermal insulation layer (one-way moisture-conducting alumina modified aerogel non-woven fabric) includes the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing high-temperature-resistant aramid 1414, pre-oxidized fiber and flame-retardant polyester unidirectional moisture-conducting fiber according to a mass ratio of 10-30: 30-60: 15-30 layers of mixed materials are laid on the surface of the fabric for 5-10 layers, and then the non-woven fabric with the thickness of 0.2-0.4 cm is formed through spunlace or needle punching; and then filling 3-10% of alumina particles in the aerogel, and forming a non-woven fabric composite felt with the non-woven fabric by adopting a sol-gel in-situ compounding process, wherein the unidirectional moisture-conducting fiber is Newcool and has the specification of 1.5D 51 mm.
In the embodiment, the inner layer (the one-way moisture-conducting finishing flame-retardant fabric) is a flame-retardant fabric obtained by blending aramid 1313 and flame-retardant viscose, and the mass ratio of the aramid fiber to the flame-retardant viscose is 30-50: 50-70 yarns of 40-50 inches, and is made by adopting a plain weave and a unidirectional moisture-conducting after-finishing process.
Example 2
The difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the thermal insulation layer in the middle of the present embodiment has no unidirectional moisture-conducting fiber, and the inner layer is not subjected to unidirectional moisture-conducting finishing, and the rest is the same as that in embodiment 1, so as to obtain the high temperature resistant flame retardant fabric.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that the fabric of the surface layer of the comparative example has no unevenness and is in a lattice structure, the fabric of the surface layer of the comparative example is a plane structure, and the rest of the fabric is the same as the example 1, so that the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric is obtained.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that the comparative example does not contain an intermediate heat insulation layer, and the rest of the comparative example is the same as the example 1, so that the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric is obtained.
Comparative example 3
The gram weight of the aluminum foil high-temperature resistant fabric Soviet aramid fiber aluminum foil cloth with the same specification and gram weight in the market is about 500 g.
Test examples
The high temperature resistant flame retardant fabrics of examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested and the data are shown in table 1.
Flame retardant damage length: the test method is a vertical combustion method GB/T5455/ASTM D6413;
temperature resistance: test method ISO17493/ASTM D2259;
thermal protection: the test method is GB/T8965.1/EN 367/ASTM D4108;
air permeability: the test method is GB/T5453/ISO 9237/ASTM D737;
moisture permeability: the test method is GB/T12704.2/ASTM E-96.
TABLE 1
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric is characterized by comprising a surface layer, a middle heat insulation layer and an inner layer;
the surface layer fabric has a concave-convex and lattice structure;
the middle heat insulation layer comprises a non-woven fabric felt;
the inner layer comprises a flame-retardant fabric;
the intermediate heat-insulating layer is arranged between the surface layer and the inner layer, and the intermediate heat-insulating layer is sewn with the surface layer through the intersection points of the parallel grids.
2. The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric of the surface layer comprises a double-layer fabric;
preferably, the surface layer yarn of the double-layer fabric comprises a core-spun yarn;
preferably, the inner layer yarn of the double-layer fabric comprises a flame-retardant yarn.
3. The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric according to claim 2, wherein the core filaments of the core-spun yarn comprise at least one of basalt filaments and glass fiber filaments;
preferably, the basalt filament and the glass fiber filament are both independently 30-50D;
preferably, the covering fiber of the core spun yarn includes at least one of polyaryloxadiazole fiber, polyimide fiber and polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole;
preferably, the covering fiber of the core-spun yarn is a mixed yarn of polyaryloxadiazole fiber, polyimide fiber and poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole;
preferably, the mass ratio of the polyaryl oxadiazole fiber to the polyimide fiber to the poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) is 60-80: 10-30: 5-15;
preferably, the yarn count of the polyaryl oxadiazole fiber, the polyimide fiber and the poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole is 30-40S independently.
4. The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric according to claim 2, wherein the flame-retardant yarns comprise blended yarns formed by at least two of phosphorus-based intumescent flame-retardant viscose and aramid 1313, polyaromatic oxadiazole fiber and modacrylic;
preferably, the flame-retardant yarn is a blended yarn of aramid 1313, polyarodiazole fiber, modacrylic and phosphorus intumescent flame-retardant viscose;
preferably, the mass ratio of the aramid fiber 1313, the polyarodiazole fiber, the modacrylic and the phosphorus intumescent flame retardant adhesive is 30-50: 10-20: 20-40: 20-40 parts of;
preferably, the flame-retardant yarns comprise thick flame-retardant yarns and thin flame-retardant yarns, the yarn count of the thin flame-retardant yarns is 40-50 inches, and the yarn count of the thick flame-retardant yarns is 15-25 inches.
5. The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner layer of the double-layer fabric has the concavo-convex combined-lattice structure, and the concavo-convex combined-lattice structure is formed by the fine flame-retardant yarns and the coarse flame-retardant yarns.
6. The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric according to claim 5, wherein the concave-convex warp-knitted lattice structure is formed by using the fine flame-retardant yarn as a base yarn and using the coarse flame-retardant yarn in a 3-warp-knitted manner;
preferably, the length of the parallel grid is 0.2-0.4 cm, and the width of the parallel grid is 0.1-0.3 cm.
7. The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gram weight of the non-woven fabric felt is 50-90 g/m2；
Preferably, the non-woven fabric felt comprises a non-woven fabric felt compounded with aerogel;
preferably, the aerogel comprises an aerogel filled with alumina;
preferably, the filling amount of the alumina is 3-10% of the mass of the aerogel.
8. The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the gram weight of the flame-retardant fabric is 100-150 g/m2；
Preferably, the flame-retardant fabric comprises a flame-retardant fabric obtained by blending aramid 1313 and a flame-retardant viscose.
9. The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the non-woven fabric felt and the flame-retardant fabric are both independently prepared by adopting a unidirectional moisture-conducting after-finishing process.
10. Use of a high temperature resistant flame retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the manufacture of flame retardant and insulating garments.
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| CN115991017A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-04-21 | 苏州大学 | Double-layer heat-sensitive fireproof flame-retardant nonwoven material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113638107A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-12 | 陕西元丰纺织技术研究有限公司 | High-heat-protection fire-fighting suit outer-layer fabric and preparation method thereof and combined fabric |
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| JP2009280942A (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-12-03 | Teijin Techno Products Ltd | Fabric for protective garment |
| CN108385241A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-08-10 | 北京邦维普泰防护纺织有限公司 | A kind of 3D flame-retardant textiles and its heat-protective clothing |
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| CN116423938A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-07-14 | 武汉纺织大学 | Heat protection fabric with multi-dimensional composite structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN116423938B (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2024-05-17 | 武汉纺织大学 | Heat protection fabric with multi-dimensional composite structure and preparation method thereof |
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