JP2009280942A - Fabric for protective garment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide fabric for a protective garment enabling production of a light-weight and flexible protective garment designed so as to effectively form an air layer, when exposed to high heat flame, to thereby be improved in heat-shielding properties, and impart moisture permeation/water proofness to thereby be improved in wearing feeling. <P>SOLUTION: The fabric for a protective garment is structured as follows: fabric forming an intermediate layer of a three-layer structured fabric comprising a face layer, the intermediate layer and a heat shielding layer, comprises a woven material formed of at least two kinds of fiber yarns different in the heat contraction ratio from each other; and a fiber yarn of the two kinds of fiber yarns, having a higher heat contraction ratio, is woven into a lattice shape at intervals of 5-30 mm so that the fiber yarn having the higher heat contraction is contracted when exposed to a high heat flame to cause unevenness on the intermediate layer, thereby creating an air layer so as to improve heat shielding properties of the fabric. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  More particularly, the present invention relates to a heat-resistant protective clothing that forms a heat-insulating air layer effectively.

  Incombustible asbestos fiber, glass fiber, etc. were conventionally used as the fiber that constitutes heat-resistant protective clothing worn by firefighters during fire fighting work, but in recent years from the viewpoint of environmental problems and ease of movement, Heat-resistant and flame-retardant organic fibers such as aramid fiber, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polybenzimidazole are mainly used. Furthermore, many surface-treated layers are used as a surface layer by coating or vapor deposition of metallic aluminum or the like for the purpose of preventing radiant heat on the fabric. By these methods, the heat shielding property against radiant heat was considerably improved.

  However, in recent years, an evaluation method focusing on radiant heat and conduction heat has been established and has become an important index in the development of fire fighting clothes. (Test method number: ISO17492). In order to clear the standard by this evaluation method, it is useful to create a large amount of air layer in the protective clothing in order to delay the heat conduction which is a main factor.

  As a countermeasure, many studies have been made so far to improve the heat shielding performance by forming an air layer in the surface layer and the heat shielding layer (Japanese Patent No. 3888861). However, there are problems in that the woven structure is complicated, the thickness is greatly increased, and the weight is increased. Furthermore, as shown in International Publication No. WO2005 / 099426 (Special Table 2007-530819), a fabric has been proposed that forms irregularities on the surface layer when exposed to flame, although the air blocking effect is certainly improved to some extent, The effect is not yet sufficient.

Japanese Patent No. 3888861 International Publication No. 2005/099426

  Provided is a lightweight and flexible heat-resistant protective clothing that effectively forms an air layer when exposed to a high heat flame to improve heat insulation, and further imparts moisture permeability and waterproof properties to improve wearing feeling.

  As a result of repeated studies to solve the above problems, the fabric forming the intermediate layer of the three-layer structure fabric composed of the surface layer, the intermediate layer, and the heat shielding layer has at least two types of fibers having different heat shrinkage rates. It is a woven fabric composed of yarns, and among the two types of fiber yarns, the fiber yarns having a higher heat shrinkage rate are woven in a lattice pattern with an interval of 5 mm to 30 mm, so that the high heat shrinkage yarns shrink when exposed to a high heat flame. , Based on the finding that the intermediate layer fabric can form irregularities to form an air layer and improve heat insulation,

That is, according to the present invention,
A heat-resistant protective garment made of a fabric in which three layers of a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a heat-shielding layer made of fiber yarns containing meta-type aramid fiber and / or para-type aramid fiber are laminated in that order. A heat-resistant protective clothing characterized by satisfying the following requirements (a) to (b):
(A) It is a woven fabric composed of two types of fiber yarns having different heat shrinkage rates, in which high heat shrinkage yarns are woven in a lattice shape at intervals of 5 mm to 30 mm as warp yarns and weft yarns.
(B) High heat shrinkage yarn is composed of 98 to 50% by weight of meta-aramid fiber and 2 to 50% by weight of para-aramid fiber, and low heat-shrinkage yarn is 601 to 100% by weight of para-aramid fiber and meta-aramid. It consists of 0 to 40% by weight of fibers.
Is provided. At that time, the two types of fiber yarns having different heat shrinkage rates are preferably spun yarns.

  The present invention achieves an improvement in heat-shielding properties in a relatively low weight layer called an intermediate layer, and the heat-resistant protective clothing of the present invention is a composite fabric having a three-layer structure comprising a surface layer, an intermediate layer and a heat-shielding layer. The three layers are composed of meta-aramid fiber and para-aramid fiber, so that sufficient strength, performance with excellent flame resistance and thermal protection can be obtained, and the intermediate layer The layer is composed of at least two types of fiber yarns having different heat shrinkage rates, and the fiber yarns having a higher heat shrinkage rate are woven in a lattice pattern at intervals of 5 mm to 30 mm. When the shrinkage rate yarn shrinks at an appropriate interval, irregularities are formed, and an air layer can be secured efficiently, and heat conduction can be delayed.

  The present invention will be described in detail below. The fabric for heat-resistant protective clothing of the present invention has a structure in which three layers of a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a heat shielding layer are superposed in this order, and these layers are all heat-resistant fiber fabrics mainly composed of aramid fibers. It is composed of As the aramid fiber here, it is useful to use polymetaphenylene isophthalamide having an excellent LOI value. However, for the purpose of improving fabric strength, a para-aramid fiber, that is, polyparaphenylene terephthalamide, or It is more preferable to mix a fiber obtained by copolymerizing the third component. An example of a polyparaphenylene terephthalamide copolymer is copolyparaphenylene 3,4'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide.

  As heat-resistant fibers that can be used in combination with para-type aramid fibers and meta-type aramid fibers, polybenzimidazole fibers, polyimide fibers, polyamideimide fibers, polyetherimide fibers, polyarylate fibers, polyparaphenylenebenzobisoxazole fibers, and novoloid fibers Flame retardant acrylic fiber, polyclar fiber, flame retardant polyester fiber, flame retardant cotton fiber, flame retardant rayon fiber, flame retardant vinylon fiber, flame retardant wool fiber.

  First, the surface layer will be described. The surface layer is composed of a fabric composed of meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers, and woven and knitted fabrics and non-woven fabrics are used as the types of fabrics. preferable.

  The meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers can be used in the form of filaments, blended yarns, spun yarns, etc., but those that are blended and used in the form of spun yarns are preferred. The mixing ratio of the para-aramid fibers is preferably 1 to 70% by weight with respect to the total weight of the fibers constituting the surface layer. If the mixing ratio of the para-aramid fibers is less than 1% by weight, the fabric may be broken, that is, perforated when exposed to a flame. If the mixing ratio exceeds 70% by weight, the para-aramid fibers It is not preferable because it is fibrillated and wear resistance is lowered.

  The surface layer is processed by applying a fluorine-based water-repellent resin by a processing method such as a coating method, a spray method, or a dipping method, so that it has higher water resistance and chemical resistance. It is preferable to get clothes.

  In addition, the surface layer is preferably exemplified by those on which an inorganic compound is supported in order to improve heat resistance and heat shielding properties. Preferred examples of the inorganic compound include oxides of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of silicon, aluminum, zinc, zirconium, iron, antimony, and magnesium, or composite oxides. Of these, those having a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface and a large proportion of water of crystallization per compound, such as aluminum oxide, are particularly preferred.

  The supported amount of the inorganic compound is preferably 3 to 20% by weight per weight of the surface layer. If the loading is less than 3% by weight, the effect of heat shielding is small, and if it exceeds 20%, the texture may be impaired.

  As a method for supporting the inorganic compound on the surface layer, various known processing methods such as a coating method and a dipping method can be used. Moreover, as a binder used in the carrying | support process, it is most preferable to use the melt | dissolution to the organic chemical | medical agent of a meta-aramid polymer in order to ensure a flame retardance. As the organic solvent, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylacetamide and the like are preferably used. It is also possible to use a flame retardant resin typified by an acrylic resin, a urethane resin or the like in which halogen atoms such as bromine and fluorine are copolymerized. Furthermore, when non-flame retardant type resins are used, halogenated cycloalkane compounds represented by hexabromocyclohexane, tetrabromocyclooctane, hexabromocyclodotecan, trichloroethyl phosphate, trisdichloropropyl phosphate, etc. To ensure flame retardancy by using a halogen-containing phosphate ester typified by or a non-halogenated phosphate ester typified by trimethyl phosphate or tricresyl phosphate. Can do.

  The intermediate layer of the present invention will be described. The intermediate layer consists of two types of fiber yarns with different heat shrinkage rates, and consists of a low heat shrink yarn containing para-aramid fibers as the main component and a high heat shrink yarn consisting essentially of meta-aramid as the main component. The It is necessary to have a woven structure in which high heat shrink yarns are arranged in a lattice pattern at specific intervals as warps and wefts.

  Here, the intervals between the high heat shrinkage yarns are such that the high heat shrinkage yarns are arranged in a lattice pattern of 5 mm to 30 mm in the warp direction and 5 mm to 30 mm in the weft direction in a single-layer structure fabric mainly composed of low heat shrinkage yarns. is important. Preferably they are 7 mm-20 mm. When it is smaller than 5 mm, the unevenness is small and the heat blocking effect is small. Further, when the thickness is larger than 30 mm, the unevenness appears greatly, but the unevenness cannot be maintained, and the air layer is crushed, which is not preferable. When weaving at a grid interval of 5 mm to 30 mm, irregularities appear when exposed to a high-temperature flame, and the irregularities are not easily crushed by hot air pressure or the like, so that an air layer with low thermal conductivity can be formed and maintained in the intermediate layer. .

  Here, the high heat shrinkage yarn should be spun yarn of 98% to 50% by weight of meta-aramid and 2% to 50% by weight of para-aramid. Preferably it is 95 weight%-60 weight%. When the amount is more than 98% by weight, the strength is low when pulling the yarn having a low heat shrinkage rate during exposure to a high heat flame, and unevenness is not formed. On the other hand, when the amount is less than 50% by weight, the shrinkage rate is low and unevenness cannot be expressed.

  The heat shrinkage rate of the high heat shrink yarn is preferably 5 to 25%. If it is less than 10%, the unevenness with the low heat shrink yarn is small, which is not preferable. If it exceeds 25%, the contracted portion is destroyed, which is not preferable. More preferably, it is 10 to 23%.

  The low heat shrinkage yarn of the intermediate layer of the present invention needs to be a spun yarn comprising 60% to 100% by weight of para-aramid yarn and 0 to 40% by weight of meta-aramid yarn. Preferably, the para-aramid yarn is 90 to 100% by weight. When the para-aramid yarn is less than 60% by weight, it becomes close to the behavior of a high heat shrinkage yarn arranged in a lattice pattern, so that unevenness is reduced.

The heat shrinkage rate of the low heat shrink yarn is preferably 0 to 5%. When it exceeds 5%, it is not preferable because the unevenness with the high heat shrink yarn is small. More preferably, it is 0 to 2%.
The intermediate layer of the present invention is mainly composed of a low heat shrinkage yarn, and the structure is preferably a plain weave, 1/2 twill, warp double weave or the like.

  The low heat shrinkage yarn in the intermediate layer of the present invention is preferably contained in an amount of 50% by weight or more, more preferably 60% by weight or more in the total weight of the intermediate layer fiber. When the amount is less than 50% by weight, the unevenness decreases, which is not preferable.

Moreover, it is preferable that the fabric weight of the intermediate | middle layer of this invention is 50-200 g / m < ² >. Furthermore, 70-180 are preferable. When it is smaller than 50 g / m ² , the unevenness cannot be expressed or cannot be maintained even if it is expressed. When it is larger than 200 g / m ² , it is not preferable because it is heavier and has poor air permeability when laminated with a surface material, an intermediate layer, and a heat shielding layer as a fire protection suit.

  The form of the high heat shrinkage yarn used for the intermediate layer is not limited, but may be a spun yarn, a filament yarn, or a crimped yarn. Among these, spun yarn is preferable for adjusting the mixing ratio. Moreover, it is good also as a single yarn and a twin yarn. Further, the total fineness of the yarn used is determined based on the design of the fabric, but is 200 to 600 dtex.

  Further, the intermediate layer of the present invention preferably has moisture permeability and waterproofness, and a laminate of a moisture permeable and waterproof thin film on a cloth made of aramid fibers is preferably used. The fabric laminated with the thin film layer can be a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a non-woven fabric. However, the woven fabric is used in terms of strength, and in particular, a woven fabric made of a polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber that is a flame-retardant material. And a laminate of a moisture-permeable and waterproof thin film on the woven fabric is optimally exemplified. As the thin film, a known film can be used as long as it has moisture permeability and waterproofness, but those using a thin film made of polytetrafluoroethylene having chemical resistance are particularly preferably exemplified. The By inserting such an intermediate layer, moisture permeability and chemical resistance and chemical resistance are improved and the sweating of the wearer is promoted, so that the heat stress of the wearer can be reduced.

  The heat-shielding layer is a fabric composed of spun yarns or filaments composed of only 99 to 50% meta-aramid fibers and 1 to 50% by weight para-aramid fibers, or meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers. It is preferable. The fabric can be a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a non-woven fabric. The fabric structure is preferably a texture having irregularities during weaving or processing in order to reduce the area where the fabric directly touches the skin in order to prevent a feeling of stickiness when worn.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. In addition, the measurement of the evaluation item used for the Example was performed with the following method.

(1) Thermal insulation Based on ISO17492, as shown in the following formula, the temperature rise curve of the copper sensor from the start of exposure from the combined heat source of convection heat and radiant heat and the Stoll curve which is the second degree burn curve are reached. The value obtained by multiplying the time (s) by the heat flux 80 kW / m ² of the composite heat source is shown as TTI.
TTI = time to reach burn twice (s) × 80 kW / m ²

(2) Thickness measurement The thickness measurement was performed based on the thickness measurement of a JIS L 1018 fabric. Thickness was measured before and after the ISO17492 test on a three-layer laminate of a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a heat shield layer, and the thickness increase was measured from the following formula.
Thickness increase (mm) = Thickness after test (mm)-Thickness before test (mm)

(3) Heat shrinkage rate 8 cm strip-shaped woven fabric (number 40/2, basis weight 200 g / m ² , twill structure) is placed in an electric furnace at 450 ° C. for 5 minutes, and the length after the test is measured. Was used to determine the thermal shrinkage.
Thermal shrinkage (%) = (length before test−length after test) / length before test × 100

[Example 1]
On the outer layer, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (Teijin Techno Products, trade name: Cornex) and coparaphenylene 3,4 'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (Teijin Techno Products, trade name: Technora) ) And a woven fabric (weight per unit: 240 g / m ² ) woven into a 2/1 twill weave using spun yarn (count: 40/2) made of heat-resistant fibers mixed at a mixing ratio of 90:10 .

The intermediate layer is a spun yarn made of 100% by weight (2.0% heat shrinkage) of paraphenylene 3, 4 'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (trade name: Technora manufactured by Teijin Techno Products Co., Ltd.) as a low heat shrink yarn. (Count: 40 /-), polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Techno Products, trade name: Cornex) and coparaphenylene 3, 4 'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (Teijin Techno Products) as high heat shrinkable yarn Two high heat-shrinkable yarns were produced using spun yarn (40 /-) single yarn (heat shrinkage rate of 14.0%) mixed at a ratio of 90:10 with the trade name: Technora made by the company. Plain woven fabrics (weight per unit: 80 g / m ² ) were woven so as to have a pitch of 10 mm each. A moisture permeable waterproof film made of polytetrafluoroethylene (manufactured by Japan Gore-Tex Co., Ltd.) was laminated on the obtained woven fabric.

For the heat shielding layer, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Techno Products Co., Ltd., trade name: Cornex) and coparaphenylene 3,4 'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Techno Products Co., Ltd., trade name: A spun yarn (count: 40/2) made of heat-resistant fibers mixed with Technora) at a mixing ratio of 95: 5 was woven as a waffle structure, and a fabric weight of 150 g / m ² was used.
A fabric in which three layers of these surface layer, intermediate layer, and heat shielding layer were laminated was prepared, and the heat shielding property of the fabric was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Example 2]
In Example 1, as the intermediate layer fabric, the pitch of the high heat shrink yarn was arranged at intervals of 5 mm, and the evaluation was performed.

[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 1, paraphenylene 3, 4 ′ oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Techno Products Co., Ltd., trade name: Twaron) (heat shrinkage ratio: 1.5%) was used as the low heat shrink yarn as the intermediate layer fabric. Evaluation was carried out without using a high heat shrink yarn.

[Comparative Example 2]
In Example 1, both high heat shrinkage yarn and low heat shrinkage yarn were used as the intermediate layer fabric, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (trade name: Conex, manufactured by Teijin Techno Products) and coparaphenylene 3, 4 ′ oxydi. The same procedure was carried out except that spun yarn (heat shrinkage ratio 14.0%) mixed with phenylene terephthalamide fiber (trade name: Technora manufactured by Teijin Techno Products Co., Ltd.) at a mixing ratio of 90:10 was used. .

[Comparative Example 3]
In Example 1, evaluation was performed with the pitch of the high heat-shrinkable yarn being 2 mm.

[Comparative Example 4]
In Example 1, the evaluation was performed with the pitch of the high heat-shrinkable yarn being 40 mm.

[Comparative Example 5]
In Example 1, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Techno Products Co., Ltd., trade name: Conex) and coparaphenylene-3, 4 ′ oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (Teijin Techno) as a high heat shrink yarn as an intermediate layer fabric A spun yarn (heat shrinkage 14.0%) mixed at a ratio of 90:10 manufactured by Products Company, trade name: Technora, and polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (trade name, manufactured by Teijin Techno Products Co., Ltd.) as a low heat shrink yarn. : Conex) and coparaphenylene-3, 4 'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Techno Products Co., Ltd., trade name: Technora) at a ratio of 41/59 (heat shrinkage rate 10.0%), Evaluation was performed.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the heat-resistant protective clothing which can improve heat-insulating property, without increasing a weight can be provided.

Claims (7)

A heat-resistant protective garment comprising a fabric in which three layers of a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a heat-shielding layer made of fiber yarns containing meta-type aramid fibers and / or para-type aramid fibers are laminated in that order. A heat-resistant protective clothing characterized by satisfying the following requirements (a) to (b):
(A) It is a woven fabric composed of two types of fiber yarns having different heat shrinkage rates, in which high heat shrinkage yarns are woven in a lattice pattern at intervals of 5 mm to 30 mm as warps and wefts.
(B) High heat shrinkage yarn is composed of 98-50% by weight of meta-aramid fiber and 2-50% by weight of para-aramid fiber, and low heat shrinkage yarn is composed of 60% -100% by weight of para-aramid fiber and meta-aramid. It consists of 0 to 40% by weight of fibers.   The heat-resistant protective clothing according to claim 1, wherein at least two kinds of fiber yarns having different heat shrinkage rates are spun yarns.   The heat-resistant protective clothing according to claim 1, further comprising a moisture-permeable waterproof layer on at least one side of the intermediate layer.   The heat-resistant protective clothing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the intermediate layer contains a low heat shrinkage yarn of 50% by weight or more. Thermally protective garment of any one of claims 1 to 4 the basis weight of the intermediate layer is 50 to 200 g / ^{m 2.}   The heat-resistant protective clothing according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer is composed of 30 to 99% meta-aramid fibers and 1 to 70% para-aramid fibers.   The heat-resistant protective clothing according to claim 1, wherein the heat shielding layer is composed of spun yarn of 99 to 50% meta-aramid fiber and 1 to 50% para-aramid fiber.