CN114260332A - Processing technology of high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe - Google Patents
Processing technology of high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN114260332A CN114260332A CN202111331559.9A CN202111331559A CN114260332A CN 114260332 A CN114260332 A CN 114260332A CN 202111331559 A CN202111331559 A CN 202111331559A CN 114260332 A CN114260332 A CN 114260332A
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- aluminum alloy
- aluminum
- pure aluminum
- pipe
- pure
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material processing, in particular to a processing technology of a high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe, which comprises the following steps: s1: adding pure aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace, heating under the protection of argon to melt the pure aluminum or the aluminum alloy to obtain pure aluminum liquid or aluminum alloy liquid, and introducing hexachloroethane into the pure aluminum liquid or the aluminum alloy liquid to remove gas; s2: transferring the pure aluminum liquid or the aluminum alloy liquid in the melting furnace to a casting furnace in a siphoning mode for water-cooling semi-continuous casting to obtain a pure aluminum ingot or an aluminum alloy ingot. The invention transfers the melt into the casting furnace of water-cooling continuous casting in a siphon mode, can carry out oxygen-free conveying on the melt, reduces the burning loss of the melt, can carry out high-precision processing on the pipe by spinning processing and rolling, and produces the pipe with uniform wall thickness, so that the surface of the pipe is smoother, the yield of the pipe is obviously improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the product quality of the pipe is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal material processing, in particular to a processing technology of a high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe.
Background
Pure aluminum and aluminum alloys are the most widely used class of non-ferrous structural materials in industry. The aluminum alloy pipe material with high precision and thin wall has been widely applied in aviation, aerospace, automobile, mechanical manufacturing, ships and chemical industry, because the aluminum alloy has low density and a layer of compact oxide film is easily formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy pipe material can prevent the internal metal from being further oxidized, and because of the characteristics of the aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy pipe material plays an important irreplaceable role in the fields.
The processing technology of the high-precision thin-walled tube in the prior art is in contact with air in the process of transferring a melt, so that the melt is easily burnt, the product quality of the tube is reduced, potential safety hazards exist, meanwhile, the aluminum alloy tube in the prior art is usually processed by an extrusion method, the efficiency of the extrusion method is high, and the precision is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a processing technology of a high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe, and solves the problems in the background technology.
(II) technical scheme
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
a processing technology of a high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe comprises the following steps:
s1: adding pure aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace, heating under the protection of argon to melt the pure aluminum or the aluminum alloy to obtain pure aluminum liquid or aluminum alloy liquid, and introducing hexachloroethane into the pure aluminum liquid or the aluminum alloy liquid to remove gas;
s2: transferring pure aluminum liquid or aluminum alloy liquid in the melting furnace to a casting furnace in a siphoning mode for water-cooling semi-continuous casting to obtain pure aluminum ingots or aluminum alloy ingots;
s3: carrying out homogenization heat treatment on a pure aluminum ingot or an aluminum alloy ingot at the temperature of 690-720 ℃ for 3-5 hours;
s4: putting the heat-insulated pure aluminum cast ingot or aluminum alloy cast ingot into an extruder for perforation extrusion to obtain a pure aluminum pipe blank or an aluminum alloy pipe blank;
s5: carrying out multi-pass spinning processing on the pure aluminum pipe blank or the aluminum alloy pipe blank to obtain a molded pure aluminum pipe blank or a molded aluminum alloy pipe blank;
s6: carrying out multi-pass rolling on the formed pure aluminum pipe blank or the formed aluminum alloy pipe blank to obtain a finished pure aluminum pipe or a finished aluminum alloy pipe;
s7: and carrying out heat treatment and straightening treatment on the finished pure aluminum pipe or the finished aluminum alloy pipe to obtain the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum pipe or the high-precision thin-wall aluminum alloy pipe.
Further, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is adjusted to be 400-450 ℃ by the extruder, and the needle rod is heated through the temperature radiation of the extrusion cylinder, so that the temperature of the needle rod reaches 390-440 ℃.
Furthermore, the extrusion ratio of the extruder is 10-30, and the extrusion speed is 5-15 mm/s.
Further, the spinning processing is carried out for 2-3 times of hot spinning and 1-2 times of cold spinning, the total deformation amount of the spinning is 50% -70%, and the wall thickness of the tube after spinning is 3-8 mm.
Furthermore, the total rolling deformation is 80-85%, and the final wall thickness of the pipe is controlled to be 0.5-1 mm.
Further, multiple passes of the rolling are carried out on the precision multi-roll cold pilger mill.
Further, the heat treatment is annealing or solid solution plus aging treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 200-300 ℃, the solid solution temperature is 400-500 ℃, and the aging temperature is 140-240 ℃.
Further, the straightening treatment adopts a multi-roll straightener to carry out straightening.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a processing technology of a high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the melt is transferred to the casting furnace for water-cooling continuous casting in a siphon mode, so that the melt can be conveyed without oxygen, the contact with oxygen is avoided, the burning loss of the melt is reduced, the waste of resources is avoided, the entry of external impurities can be avoided, the production quality of products is improved, and the potential safety hazard can be reduced.
2. According to the invention, through spinning and rolling, high-precision processing can be carried out on the pipe, the wall thickness of the produced pipe is uniform, the surface of the pipe is smoother, the yield of the pipe is obviously improved, repeated production is avoided, energy consumption is reduced, and the product quality of the pipe is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a processing technique for a high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe provided by an embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:
s1: adding pure aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace, heating under the protection of argon to melt the pure aluminum or the aluminum alloy to obtain pure aluminum liquid or aluminum alloy liquid, and introducing hexachloroethane into the pure aluminum liquid or the aluminum alloy liquid to remove gas;
s2: transferring pure aluminum liquid or aluminum alloy liquid in the melting furnace to a casting furnace in a siphoning mode for water-cooling semi-continuous casting to obtain pure aluminum ingots or aluminum alloy ingots;
s3: carrying out homogenization heat treatment on a pure aluminum ingot or an aluminum alloy ingot at the temperature of 690-720 ℃ for 3-5 hours;
s4: putting the heat-insulated pure aluminum cast ingot or aluminum alloy cast ingot into an extruder for perforation extrusion to obtain a pure aluminum pipe blank or an aluminum alloy pipe blank;
s5: carrying out multi-pass spinning processing on the pure aluminum pipe blank or the aluminum alloy pipe blank to obtain a molded pure aluminum pipe blank or a molded aluminum alloy pipe blank;
s6: carrying out multi-pass rolling on the formed pure aluminum pipe blank or the formed aluminum alloy pipe blank to obtain a finished pure aluminum pipe or a finished aluminum alloy pipe;
s7: and carrying out heat treatment and straightening treatment on the finished pure aluminum pipe or the finished aluminum alloy pipe to obtain the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum pipe or the high-precision thin-wall aluminum alloy pipe.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is adjusted to 400-450 ℃ by the extruder, and the needle bar is heated by the temperature radiation of the extrusion cylinder, so that the temperature of the needle bar reaches 390-440 ℃.
In this embodiment, the extrusion ratio of the extruder is 10 to 30, and the extrusion speed is 5 to 15 mm/s.
In the embodiment, the spinning processing is carried out for 2-3 times of hot spinning and 1-2 times of cold spinning, the total deformation of the spinning is 50% -70%, and the wall thickness of the tube after spinning is 3-8 mm.
In the embodiment, the total rolling deformation is 80-85%, and the final wall thickness of the pipe is controlled to be 0.5-1 mm.
In this example, multiple passes of rolling were performed on a precision cold pilger mill.
In this embodiment, the heat treatment is annealing or solution plus aging treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 200 ℃ to 300 ℃, the solution temperature is 400 ℃ to 500 ℃, and the aging temperature is 140 ℃ to 240 ℃.
In this embodiment, the straightening treatment is performed by using a multi-roll straightener.
Example 1: production method of aluminum pipe with dimension phi of 50 multiplied by 1mm
S1: adding pure aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace, heating under the protection of argon to melt the pure aluminum or the aluminum alloy, wherein the melting temperature is 800 ℃, obtaining pure aluminum liquid or aluminum alloy liquid, and introducing hexachloroethane into the pure aluminum liquid or the aluminum alloy liquid to remove gas;
s2: transferring pure aluminum liquid or aluminum alloy liquid in the melting furnace to a casting furnace in a siphoning mode for water-cooling semi-continuous casting to obtain pure aluminum cast ingots or aluminum alloy cast ingots with the diameter phi of 70 multiplied by 5 mm;
s3: carrying out homogenization heat treatment on a pure aluminum ingot or an aluminum alloy ingot at the temperature of 720 ℃ for 5 hours;
s4: putting the heat-preserved pure aluminum cast ingot or aluminum alloy cast ingot into an extruder for perforation extrusion, wherein the extrusion ratio is 10, and the extrusion speed is 10mm/s, so as to obtain a pure aluminum pipe blank or an aluminum alloy pipe blank;
s5: carrying out 2 times of hot spinning and 1 time of cold spinning processing on the pure aluminum pipe blank or the aluminum alloy pipe blank, wherein the total deformation amount of the spinning is 50 percent, and obtaining a formed pure aluminum pipe blank or a formed aluminum alloy pipe blank;
s6: carrying out multi-pass rolling on the formed pure aluminum pipe blank or the formed aluminum alloy pipe blank on a precision multi-roll cold rolling mill, wherein the total rolling deformation is 80%, and obtaining a finished pure aluminum pipe or a finished aluminum alloy pipe;
s7: and (3) annealing the finished pure aluminum pipe or the finished aluminum alloy pipe at 200 ℃ for 1 hour, and then straightening by using a multi-roll straightener to obtain the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum pipe or the high-precision thin-wall aluminum alloy pipe.
Example 2: production method of aluminum pipe with dimension phi of 70 multiplied by 1.5mm
S1: adding pure aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace, heating under the protection of argon to melt the pure aluminum or the aluminum alloy, wherein the melting temperature is 760 ℃ to obtain pure aluminum liquid or aluminum alloy liquid, and introducing hexachloroethane into the pure aluminum liquid or the aluminum alloy liquid to remove gas;
s2: transferring pure aluminum liquid or aluminum alloy liquid in the melting furnace to a casting furnace in a siphoning mode for water-cooling semi-continuous casting to obtain pure aluminum cast ingots or aluminum alloy cast ingots with the diameter phi of 100 multiplied by 7 mm;
s3: carrying out homogenization heat treatment on a pure aluminum ingot or an aluminum alloy ingot at 690 ℃ for 3 hours;
s4: putting the heat-preserved pure aluminum cast ingot or aluminum alloy cast ingot into an extruder for perforation extrusion, wherein the extrusion ratio is 30, and the extrusion speed is 8mm/s, so as to obtain a pure aluminum pipe blank or an aluminum alloy pipe blank;
s5: carrying out 3 times of hot spinning and 2 times of cold spinning processing on the pure aluminum pipe blank or the aluminum alloy pipe blank, wherein the total deformation amount of the spinning is 65 percent, and obtaining a molded pure aluminum pipe blank or a molded aluminum alloy pipe blank;
s6: carrying out multi-pass rolling on the formed pure aluminum pipe blank or the formed aluminum alloy pipe blank on a precision multi-roll cold rolling mill, wherein the total rolling deformation is 85%, and obtaining a finished pure aluminum pipe or a finished aluminum alloy pipe;
s7: and (3) annealing the finished pure aluminum pipe or the finished aluminum alloy pipe at the annealing temperature of 300 ℃ for 2 hours, and then straightening by using a multi-roll straightener to obtain the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum pipe or the high-precision thin-wall aluminum alloy pipe.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A processing technology of a high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: adding pure aluminum or aluminum alloy into a melting furnace, heating under the protection of argon to melt the pure aluminum or the aluminum alloy to obtain pure aluminum liquid or aluminum alloy liquid, and introducing hexachloroethane into the pure aluminum liquid or the aluminum alloy liquid to remove gas;
s2: transferring pure aluminum liquid or aluminum alloy liquid in the melting furnace to a casting furnace in a siphoning mode for water-cooling semi-continuous casting to obtain pure aluminum ingots or aluminum alloy ingots;
s3: carrying out homogenization heat treatment on a pure aluminum ingot or an aluminum alloy ingot at the temperature of 690-720 ℃ for 3-5 hours;
s4: putting the heat-insulated pure aluminum cast ingot or aluminum alloy cast ingot into an extruder for perforation extrusion to obtain a pure aluminum pipe blank or an aluminum alloy pipe blank;
s5: carrying out multi-pass spinning processing on the pure aluminum pipe blank or the aluminum alloy pipe blank to obtain a molded pure aluminum pipe blank or a molded aluminum alloy pipe blank;
s6: carrying out multi-pass rolling on the formed pure aluminum pipe blank or the formed aluminum alloy pipe blank to obtain a finished pure aluminum pipe or a finished aluminum alloy pipe;
s7: and carrying out heat treatment and straightening treatment on the finished pure aluminum pipe or the finished aluminum alloy pipe to obtain the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum pipe or the high-precision thin-wall aluminum alloy pipe.
2. The processing technology of the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the extruder adjusts the temperature of the extrusion cylinder to 400-450 ℃, and the needle rod is heated through the temperature radiation of the extrusion cylinder, so that the temperature of the needle rod reaches 390-440 ℃.
3. The processing technology of the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the extrusion ratio of the extruder is 10-30, and the extrusion speed is 5-15 mm/s.
4. The processing technology of the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spinning processing is carried out for 2-3 times of hot spinning and 1-2 times of cold spinning, the total deformation of the spinning is 50% -70%, and the wall thickness of the tube after spinning is 3-8 mm.
5. The processing technology of the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the total rolling deformation is 80-85%, and the final wall thickness of the pipe is controlled to be 0.5-1 mm.
6. The processing technology of the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: and rolling on the precision multi-roller cold pilger mill for multiple times.
7. The processing technology of the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat treatment is annealing or solid solution and aging treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 200-300 ℃, the solid solution temperature is 400-500 ℃, and the aging temperature is 140-240 ℃.
8. The processing technology of the high-precision thin-wall pure aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: and straightening by adopting a multi-roll straightener.
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CN104014752A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-09-03 | 上海坤孚企业(集团)有限公司 | Vertical type direct water cooling semicontinuous multi-ingot casting system |
CN104741413A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-01 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Preparation method of super-long large thin-wall precision aluminum alloy pipe |
CN106222461A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2016-12-14 | 安陆火凤凰铝材有限责任公司 | A kind of processing technique evaporating colod-application aluminum pipe and automatic processing apparatus thereof |
CN109909315A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-21 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | A kind of processing technology of high-precision thin-walled fine aluminium or aluminium alloy pipe |
CN109940059A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-28 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of preparation method of precise thin-wall large-diameter aluminium alloy pipe |
CN111085562A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-05-01 | 福建麦特新铝业科技有限公司 | Extrusion method of high-precision aluminum alloy thin-wall seamless tube for nuclear industry |
US20200362443A1 (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-11-19 | Guangdong Hoshion Industrial Aluminum Co., Ltd. | Aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-11-11 CN CN202111331559.9A patent/CN114260332A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104741413A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-01 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Preparation method of super-long large thin-wall precision aluminum alloy pipe |
CN104014752A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-09-03 | 上海坤孚企业(集团)有限公司 | Vertical type direct water cooling semicontinuous multi-ingot casting system |
CN106222461A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2016-12-14 | 安陆火凤凰铝材有限责任公司 | A kind of processing technique evaporating colod-application aluminum pipe and automatic processing apparatus thereof |
CN109940059A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-28 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of preparation method of precise thin-wall large-diameter aluminium alloy pipe |
CN109909315A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-21 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | A kind of processing technology of high-precision thin-walled fine aluminium or aluminium alloy pipe |
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CN111085562A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-05-01 | 福建麦特新铝业科技有限公司 | Extrusion method of high-precision aluminum alloy thin-wall seamless tube for nuclear industry |
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