CN112605353A - Ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet and production method thereof, and forging and production method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet and production method thereof, and forging and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112605353A CN112605353A CN202011470483.3A CN202011470483A CN112605353A CN 112605353 A CN112605353 A CN 112605353A CN 202011470483 A CN202011470483 A CN 202011470483A CN 112605353 A CN112605353 A CN 112605353A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet and a production method thereof, and a forging and a production method thereof. The production method of the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of scrap steel → EBT electric furnace steel making + medium frequency induction furnace smelting → LF furnace refining → VD furnace vacuum degassing → ultra-large round billet vertical continuous casting, wherein in the vertical continuous casting process, the diameter of a crystallizer is phi 1201-phi 1800mm, the electromagnetic stirring frequency of the crystallizer is lower than 5Hz, the current intensity is larger than 1000A, and in the later pouring stage, an electromagnetic stirring device moves to the solidification tail end of a casting blank to perform automatic tracking stirring. The invention can produce the long casting blank with the circular section, the diameter of which is phi 1201-phi 1800mm, the length L of which is less than or equal to 13000mm and the weight of which is less than or equal to 260t, and solves the problem of the size limitation of the casting blank produced by the existing vertical continuous casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal hot working, in particular to an ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet and a production method thereof, and a forging and a production method thereof.
Background
At present, the technology of producing the steel ingot for the large forging by using the die casting has achieved certain performance, but the die casting has complex process flow and low mechanization and automation degree, so that the product quality stability is poor, the material utilization rate is low, and the material waste is serious. Continuous casting has the remarkable advantages of good casting blank quality, high production rate, good labor condition, low cost, high yield and the like, and is widely applied to the steel industry, particularly arc continuous casting. However, the arc continuous casting cannot produce some high-quality special steels because the arc continuous casting must be bent and straightened. Vertical continuous casting is beneficial to floating of inclusions in molten steel due to a special vertical structure, and a casting blank does not need to be straightened, so that the vertical continuous casting is more suitable for producing high-quality special steel. However, the existing technology of producing large-diameter and large-length round billets by using vertical continuous casting and then producing large-diameter high-quality long forged materials by forging is limited to forged materials with the diameter phi of less than or equal to 1200mm, the length L of less than or equal to 8000mm and the weight of less than or equal to 70t, and is difficult to meet the requirement of manufacturing large forged pieces.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem that the forging material obtained by forging the continuous casting round billet produced by vertical continuous casting is generally limited to the forging material with the diameter of less than 1200mm, and the ultra-large forging piece is difficult to produce.
In order to solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing an ultra-large vertical continuous casting slab, comprising the steps of:
pouring molten steel into a crystallizer, and starting pouring;
electromagnetic stirring is carried out on the molten steel in the crystallizer by using an external electromagnetic stirring device, wherein the electromagnetic stirring device is positioned at the middle lower part of the outer side of the crystallizer, the electromagnetic stirring frequency is lower than 5Hz, and the current intensity is greater than 1000A;
after the molten steel reaches a set liquid level, starting a crystallizer vibration table to vibrate, and starting a casting blank drawing device;
when the molten steel is poured to a specified position, the electromagnetic stirring device moves downwards to the position near the tail end of the solidified part of the casting blank, and meanwhile, an induction heating device at the tail part of the casting blank is started to heat and supplement the liquid core molten steel;
and when the solidification fraction of the casting blank reaches a set value, the electromagnetic stirring device performs electromagnetic stirring near the solidification tail end to perform feeding on a liquid core-carrying part in the crystallizer, so as to obtain the ultra-large vertical type continuous casting blank for hoisting and conveying.
Preferably, when the solidification fraction of the casting blank reaches 0.3% -0.7%, the electromagnetic stirring device is started.
Preferably, the pouring speed of the molten steel is not more than 600 kg/min.
Compared with the prior art, the production method of the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet has the following beneficial effects:
in the vertical continuous casting process, a set of dynamic electromagnetic stirring device is adopted, and the electromagnetic stirrer can be used as a crystallizer electromagnetic stirrer in the initial pouring stage and can also be used as a solidification end electromagnetic stirrer. In the electromagnetic stirring process of the crystallizer, the electromagnetic stirring frequency is lower than 5Hz, and the current intensity is greater than 1000A, so that the molten steel in the crystallizer reaches the ideal stirring intensity, the superheat degree of the molten steel disappears as soon as possible, the proportion of isometric crystals is increased, and the internal quality of a casting blank is improved. Therefore, the method can produce the long casting blank with the circular section, the diameter of which is phi 1201-phi 1800mm, the length L of which is less than or equal to 13000mm and the weight of which is less than or equal to 260t, and solves the problem of the size limitation of the casting blank produced by the existing vertical continuous casting.
The invention provides a super-large vertical continuous casting billet which is produced by adopting the production method of the super-large vertical continuous casting billet, wherein the diameter of each super-large vertical continuous casting billet is phi 1201-phi 1800mm, the length L is less than or equal to 13000mm, and the weight is less than or equal to 260 t.
In a third aspect of the present invention, a method for producing a forged part using an ultra-large vertical continuous casting slab includes the steps of:
(1) a hot conveying process: feeding the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet into a heating furnace under the condition that the surface temperature of the middle part of the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet is more than 600 ℃;
or, a slow cooling and cooling process: conveying the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet to a heat preservation pit for slow cooling, and feeding the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet into a heating furnace under the condition that the surface temperature of the middle part of the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet is less than 600 ℃;
(2) a heating procedure: heating the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet to a specified temperature required by forging in a heating furnace according to a preset heating curve;
(3) forging/extruding: forging or extruding the heated ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet to produce a shaft, flange or cylinder blank forging;
(4) a heat treatment process: normalizing and tempering the blank forging in a heat treatment furnace or annealing process;
(5) and (3) machining: and processing the blank forging subjected to heat treatment to the required shape and size.
Preferably, in the heating procedure, the heating furnace is used for holding the materials at the furnace temperature of 600-.
Preferably, the heat treatment process further includes a thermal refining process, specifically: sending the annealed or normalized and tempered blank forging piece into a heating furnace, keeping the furnace temperature of 250-; when the temperature of the quenched blank forging is reduced to 300 ℃ of 250-.
Preferably, the annealing process of the blank forging comprises: and (2) conveying the blank forging piece into an annealing furnace, keeping the furnace temperature of 550-.
Compared with the prior art, the method for producing the forge piece by using the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet has the following beneficial effects:
the method for producing the forged piece realizes the large-scale and continuous production of the large-diameter and large-length circular section forged piece, and improves the production efficiency and the yield. The shaft parts such as a supporting roller, a steam turbine rotor and the like with specific specifications, or fan shaft flange parts, or pipe die cylinder parts and the like can be produced.
The invention provides a forging which is produced by the production method of the forging.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a process flow for producing a forging by using an ultra-large vertical continuous casting slab in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of billet induction heating feeding in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a temperature profile for heating a hot-fed billet in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of annealing temperature for stress relieving a forging in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a temperature profile of a heat treatment for quenching and tempering a forging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a crystallizer; 2-covering slag layer; 3-an electromagnetic stirring device; 4-an induction heating device; 5-a heat preservation cover; 6-casting blank solidification part; 7-with liquid core.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The embodiment of the invention provides a production method of an ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet, which comprises the following steps:
the molten steel is obtained by adopting an electric arc furnace and/or a medium frequency induction furnace, a ladle refining furnace and a VD furnace in a vacuum degassing mode, and then the ultra-large round billet is vertically and continuously cast to produce a casting blank with the diameter of phi 1201-phi 1800 mm. The ultra-large vertical continuous casting is single-flow or two-flow continuous casting, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and (2) filling the molten steel qualified for refining into a ladle (also called a ladle), transporting the ladle from the refining bay of the steelmaking branch plant to a pouring bay by a bay trolley, hoisting the ladle onto a ladle revolving platform of the vertical continuous casting machine by a crown block, covering and preserving heat, transferring the preheated tundish to a pouring position by the tundish revolving platform, and transferring the ladle to the pouring position by the ladle revolving platform.
And (4) installing the ladle long nozzle, opening the ladle sliding nozzle, and injecting molten steel into the tundish.
And opening the stopper device of the tundish, injecting the molten steel into the crystallizer 1 through the submerged nozzle, starting pouring at a pouring speed of not more than 600kg/min, and electromagnetically stirring the molten steel in the crystallizer 1 by using the external electromagnetic stirring device 3 so as to reduce the central shrinkage cavity and the central segregation of the casting blank. The electromagnetic stirring device 3 is positioned at the middle lower part of the outer side of the crystallizer 1, and when the molten steel in the crystallizer 1 is electromagnetically stirred, the electromagnetic stirring frequency is lower than 5Hz, and the current intensity is greater than 1000A. Due to the action of electromagnetic force, molten steel is stirred, so that the components and the temperature of the casting blank are more uniform.
In the ultra-large vertical round billet continuous casting, the crystallizers 1 with different specifications can be replaced according to the diameters of cast billets, and the heat-insulating cover 5 is arranged outside the crystallizers 1 and used for reducing the heat dissipation of the surfaces of the cast billets. In the vertical continuous casting process, the mold flux is added to the surface of the molten steel in the mold 1 to form a liquid mold flux layer 2. Meanwhile, protective pouring is adopted, so that all equipment and connection exchange positions are isolated from air, and secondary pollution of refined molten steel is prevented.
And after the molten steel reaches a set liquid level, starting a vibration table of the crystallizer to vibrate, starting a casting blank drawing device, drawing or supporting a casting blank at a set drawing speed through an ingot dummy bar and moving downwards until the casting is finished, and moving the crystallizer 1 and the vibration table of the crystallizer out of the casting position by a casting vehicle.
When the molten steel is poured to a specified position, the electromagnetic stirring device 3 moves downwards to the position near the tail end of the casting blank solidification part 6, and simultaneously, the induction heating device 4 at the tail part of the casting blank is started to heat and supplement the liquid core molten steel. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of induction heating feeding in this embodiment, and as shown in fig. 2, an induction heating device 4 made of refractory material is installed above the mold 1 for the purpose of billet tail feeding.
When the solidification fraction of the casting blank reaches a set value, the electromagnetic stirring device 3 which moves downwards starts to work, solidification tail end electromagnetic stirring is carried out near the tail end of the solidification part 6 of the casting blank, and the liquid core part 7 in the crystallizer 1 is fed. Preferably, when the solidification fraction fs of the casting blank reaches 0.3% -0.7%, the electromagnetic stirring device 3 is started to dynamically track the solidification front of the casting blank, so that the formation of a small steel ingot structure is prevented.
The solidified portion 6 of the cast slab gradually expands upward as the liquid core portion 7 is fed, and the induction heating device 4 performs hot top feeding until it is completely solidified. And finally, opening the online heat-insulating cover and the guide roller, and hoisting and conveying the casting blank out by a crown block through a clamp crane.
In the embodiment, the qualified refined molten steel is cast into round billets with different diameters on an ultra-large vertical continuous casting machine by selecting the corresponding diameter (phi 1201-phi 1800mm) of the crystallizer 1. In the production process, ultra-low speed pouring is adopted, and after the pouring is finished, the electromagnetic stirring device 3 can automatically track out the solidification tail end of the casting blank of the crystallizer 1 to carry out electromagnetic stirring. The heat preservation measures are adopted to control the crystallization and solidification time of the casting blank, induction heating is carried out on the tail part of the casting blank to form hot top feeding, and finally, the hot vertical casting blank with the length L less than or equal to 13000mm is produced, belongs to a non-standard part product, and can be used for producing parts on large-scale mechanical equipment.
In the embodiment, a vertical continuous casting process is adopted, in the electromagnetic stirring process of the crystallizer 1, the electromagnetic stirring frequency is set to be lower than 5Hz, the current intensity is greater than 1000A, and the electromagnetic stirring device 3 is positioned at a certain position of the middle lower part of the crystallizer 1, so that molten steel in the crystallizer 1 reaches an ideal stirring intensity, the superheat degree of the molten steel disappears as soon as possible, the proportion of isometric crystals is improved, a long casting blank with a circular cross section, the diameter phi of which is not less than 1200mm, the length L of which is not more than 13000mm and the weight of which is not more than 260t is produced, and the size limitation of the casting.
In addition, in the present embodiment, only one set of the electromagnetic stirring device 3 is used in the vertical continuous casting process, the electromagnetic stirring device 3 is used as the electromagnetic stirrer of the mold 1 in the initial casting stage, and when the molten steel is poured to a predetermined position, the electromagnetic stirring device 3 is moved down to the vicinity of the solidification end of the cast strand to perform electromagnetic stirring at the solidification end. Through setting up dynamic electromagnetic stirring device 3 for molten steel stirring and solidification end electromagnetic stirring in crystallizer 1 improve the inside quality of casting blank by a wide margin.
The ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet produced by the embodiment can be used for producing shaft parts such as supporting rollers, steam turbine rotors and the like with specific specifications or cylinder forging products such as fan shaft flanges, pipe dies and the like. In addition, the high-quality casting blank produced by the method can also be used as a high-quality raw material to produce large-specification bars, wires or large-diameter and large-length pipes and other round section rolled materials, so that the limitation of blank selection in the existing forging, rolling and other pressure processing processes is overcome;
the embodiment realizes the large-scale and continuous production of the high-quality casting blank with the ultra-large diameter and the large-length circular section, improves the productivity and the yield, reduces the energy consumption and is beneficial to environmental protection.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for producing a forging using an ultra-large vertical continuous casting slab, comprising the steps of:
carrying out EBT electric furnace steelmaking and/or medium frequency induction furnace smelting, LF furnace refining, VD furnace vacuum degassing and ultra-large round billet vertical continuous casting on scrap steel to obtain an ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet as a blank;
hot conveying process/slow cooling and cold conveying process: the obtained ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet is fed into a heating furnace under the condition that the surface temperature of the middle part of the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet is more than 600 ℃ to be a hot feeding process; conveying the obtained ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet to a heat preservation pit for slow cooling, and loading the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet into a heating furnace for a slow cooling and cooling process under the condition that the surface temperature of the middle part of the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet is less than 600 ℃; wherein "/" denotes "or".
A heating procedure: heating the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet to a specified temperature required by forging in a heating furnace according to a preset heating curve; FIG. 3 is a temperature profile of heating the forged blank in this embodiment, in which the heating furnace is used to hold the material at a temperature of 600 ℃ and 650 ℃ in advance, then the temperature is gradually raised to 1200. + -. 10 ℃ at a temperature-raising rate of not higher than 80 ℃/h, and the material is taken out of the furnace and forged after 12 hours of holding.
Forging/extruding: forging or extruding the heated ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet to produce blank forging products such as shafts, flanges or cylinders, and the like, such as supporting rolls, steam turbine rotors, cranks or wind power flanges and the like;
a heat treatment process: normalizing and tempering the blank forging in a heat treatment furnace or annealing process; taking the annealing process as an example for explanation, fig. 4 is an annealing temperature curve chart for stress relief of the forge piece in the embodiment, a blank forge piece is sent into an annealing furnace, the furnace temperature is kept at 550-.
Preferably, the heat treatment process further includes: and (3) carrying out quenching and tempering heat treatment on the blank forging processed by the annealing process or the normalizing and tempering process on special equipment. FIG. 5 is a temperature profile of the thermal refining treatment of the forgings in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the blank forgings are fed into a heating furnace, the furnace temperature is kept at 300 ℃ for waiting for material at 250-. When the temperature of the quenched blank forging is reduced to 250-plus-300 ℃, keeping the furnace temperature of 250-plus-300 ℃ for holding the material and preserving the heat for 10 hours, then raising the temperature at the speed of not higher than 50 ℃ per hour, starting to preserve the heat and soak for 40 hours when the furnace temperature reaches 630 +/-10 ℃, then lowering the temperature to 450 ℃ at the speed of not higher than 30 ℃ per hour, then lowering the temperature to 250 ℃ and below at the speed of not higher than 20 ℃ per hour, and then sending the blank forging to the machining process.
And (3) machining: processing the forged piece after heat treatment on machine tools of different types and different grades to the required shape and size;
and (4) inspecting a finished product: and after the machining of the blank forging is finished, performing specified inspection on the finished forging product, including appearance, product performance, dimensional accuracy and nondestructive inspection, and finally packaging and transporting the finished forging product out of the factory.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The steel used in this example was alloy structural steel 45Cr4NiMoV, which was mainly used as a backup roll of a rolling mill.
As shown in fig. 1, a process flow diagram of the production of a forging by using an ultra-large vertical continuous casting slab according to the embodiment is as follows:
scrap steel → EBT electric furnace steelmaking + medium frequency induction furnace smelting → LF furnace refining → VD furnace vacuum degassing → ultra-large round billet vertical continuous casting → hot delivery process → heating process → 1600MN ultra-large press extrusion process → annealing process → tempering process → machining process → finished product inspection → packaging and delivery.
In the embodiment, the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet is produced and obtained by scrap steel → EBT electric furnace steelmaking + M-IF intermediate frequency induction furnace smelting → LF furnace refining → VD vacuum degassing → 1600mm phi ultra-large round billet vertical continuous casting. The method comprises the following specific steps:
mixing scrap steel and other auxiliary materials such as a flux, smelting rough molten steel in an Eccentric Bottom Tapping (EBT) electric arc furnace and an intermediate frequency induction furnace, hydrating the smelted rough molten steel, adding the hydrated rough molten steel into a ladle refining (LF) furnace, refining the molten steel by using a ladle refining furnace, and performing vacuum degassing by using a Vacuum Degassing (VD) furnace before vertical continuous casting to obtain 45Cr4NiMoV molten steel, wherein the components are as follows by mass percent:
C：0.45％-0.65％；Si：0.40％-0.70％；Mn：0.40％-0.70％；S：≤0.015％；P：≤0.015％；Cr：4.50％-5.50％；Ni：0.25％-0.50％；Mo：0.60％-1.20％；V：0.25％-0.50％
in the embodiment, the raw materials for producing the casting blank are various waste steels and other steel auxiliary materials. In addition, in the electric steelmaking production, new technologies in the prior art, such as EBT electric steelmaking, intermediate frequency induction furnace smelting, LF furnace refining, VD furnace vacuum degassing and the like, are adopted as much as possible.
The above all uses the prior art known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. The vertical continuous casting and the subsequent steps thereof will be described below by taking the single strand single mold 1 as an example.
In the embodiment, a crystallizer 1 with the diameter phi of 1600mm is adopted, and a heat-insulating cover 5 is arranged outside the crystallizer 1 and used for reducing the heat dissipation of the surface of a casting blank; in the vertical continuous casting process, casting powder is added to the surface of molten steel in the crystallizer 1 to form a liquid slag layer, an electromagnetic stirring device 3 is used for performing electromagnetic stirring, the electromagnetic stirring frequency is lower than 5Hz, the current intensity is higher than 1000A, and when the molten steel is poured to a process specified position, the electromagnetic stirring device 3 moves downwards to the position near the solidification tail end to start solidification tail end stirring. Meanwhile, the induction heating device 4 is started to heat and feeding the liquid core molten steel. Along with feeding of the liquid core part 7, the casting blank solidification part 6 gradually expands upwards, induction heating hot top feeding is carried out until the casting blank is completely solidified, and finally, the external heat preservation cover is opened to lift and transport the casting blank out.
According to the embodiment, a vertical continuous casting process is adopted to produce a round section long casting blank of alloy structural steel 45Cr4NiMoV with the diameter of phi 1600mm and the length L of 13000mm, and then the head and tail of the casting blank with poor quality are cut by flame according to the process specification requirements.
Then immediately executing a hot conveying process: and (4) placing the head-cutting and tail-cutting casting blank on a transfer cart, and quickly and thermally conveying the casting blank to a large forging heating furnace.
The following is a heating process: the vertical continuous casting round billet is heated in a heating furnace to a predetermined temperature required for forging. The heating furnace is used for holding the temperature of the materials at the furnace temperature of 600 ℃ in advance, then the temperature is gradually increased to 1200 +/-10 ℃, and the materials are taken out of the furnace for forging after being held for 12 hours.
In the forging process, a 1600MN multifunctional forging extruder is used for forging and extruding a vertical continuous casting round casting blank with the diameter phi of 1600mm and the weight of 125t, and a supporting roll forging piece with a specified size is obtained.
And then, an annealing process is carried out, and the forged piece is sent into a large annealing furnace for internal stress relief annealing. And (2) feeding the supporting roll blank forge piece into an annealing furnace, keeping the furnace temperature of 550 ℃ in advance for waiting for material, preserving the heat for 15 hours at the furnace temperature of 550 ℃, then heating at the speed of 60 ℃ per hour, starting heat preservation and soaking for 15 hours when the furnace temperature reaches 910 ℃, then cooling to 200 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃ per hour, and then lifting a gate to open a furnace door to convey the forge piece out of the furnace.
And then, entering a quenching and tempering process, and sending the forged piece into a large heat treatment furnace for quenching and tempering heat treatment. And (3) feeding the annealed supporting roll blank forging into a heating furnace, keeping the furnace temperature at 250 ℃ in advance for waiting for material, preserving heat for 10 hours at the furnace temperature of 250 ℃, then heating at the speed of 50 ℃ per hour, starting heat preservation and soaking for 10 hours when the furnace temperature reaches 640 ℃, then heating to 900 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃ per hour, starting heat preservation and soaking for 30 hours, and then discharging from the furnace for circulating oil quenching for 300 min. When the temperature of the quenched supporting roll blank forging piece is reduced to 250-plus-300 ℃, keeping the furnace temperature of 250 ℃ for holding the material for 10 hours, then raising the temperature at the speed of 50 ℃ per hour, starting to heat and soak at the temperature of 640 ℃ for 40 hours, then lowering the temperature to 450 ℃ at the speed of 25 ℃ per hour, then lowering the temperature to 250 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃ per hour, and then sending to the machining process.
Rough machining is carried out firstly, when a rough forging piece is roughly machined to meet a rough machining sampling drawing, sampling is carried out, necessary performance detection is carried out, then, the rough machining is carried out to the roughness meeting Ultrasonic (UT) flaw detection regulations, and UT detection is carried out.
And when the performance detection and the UT detection are qualified, performing finish machining according to the requirement of a user finish machining drawing.
And after the machining is finished, carrying out a complete finished product inspection process on the product. The finished product inspection of this embodiment includes appearance, machinery and performance, dimensional accuracy and nondestructive inspection. Through detection, the forging produced by the embodiment completely meets the relevant requirements in the standards of YB/T4120, SN322-10, ASTM A388 and the like.
After the steps, the forged piece meeting the user requirements is obtained, namely the qualified finished product of the embodiment.
In the process of producing the forged piece product, a vertical continuous casting blank is adopted in blank preparation, the blank is produced by the production method of the ultra-large vertical continuous casting blank, the length L of the casting blank is less than or equal to 13000mm, the continuous casting blank is sent to a heating furnace for heating or sent to a slow cooling area for slow cooling, then a corresponding heating temperature curve is selected according to different shapes of the casting blank for heating, and then forging or extruding is carried out, so that the quality defects of axial intercrystalline cracks, central cracks, looseness, shrinkage cavities and the like are eliminated, the as-cast crystal structure of the continuous casting blank is improved, various high-quality forged pieces of alloy steel, tool steel and stainless steel meeting relevant standard requirements at home and abroad are obtained, the large-scale and continuity of the large-length circular section forged piece with the ultra-large diameter are realized, the production rate.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A production method of an ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pouring molten steel into the crystallizer (1) to start pouring;
electromagnetically stirring the molten steel in the crystallizer (1) by using an external electromagnetic stirring device (3), wherein the electromagnetic stirring device (3) is positioned at the middle lower part of the outer side of the crystallizer (1), the electromagnetic stirring frequency is lower than 5Hz, and the current intensity is greater than 1000A;
after the molten steel reaches a set liquid level, starting a crystallizer vibration table to vibrate, and starting a casting blank drawing device;
when the molten steel is poured to a specified position, the electromagnetic stirring device (3) moves downwards to the position near the tail end of a casting blank solidification part (6), and simultaneously an induction heating device (4) at the tail part of the casting blank is started to heat and supplement the liquid core molten steel;
and when the solidification fraction of the casting blank reaches a set value, the electromagnetic stirring device (3) performs electromagnetic stirring near the solidification tail end to feeding a liquid core-carrying part (7) in the crystallizer (1) to obtain the ultra-large vertical casting blank.
2. The method for producing an ultra-large vertical continuous casting slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic stirring device (3) is turned on when the solidification fraction of the cast slab reaches 0.3% to 0.7%.
3. The method for producing an ultra-large vertical continuous casting slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molten steel pouring speed is not more than 600 kg/min.
4. The ultra-large vertical continuous casting slab is characterized by being produced by the production method of the ultra-large vertical continuous casting slab as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the diameter of each ultra-large vertical continuous casting slab is phi 1201-phi 1800mm, the length L is not more than 13000mm, and the weight is not more than 260 t.
5. A method of producing a forged member using the ultra-large vertical continuous casting slab as claimed in claim 4, comprising:
(1) a hot conveying process: feeding the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet into a heating furnace under the condition that the surface temperature of the middle part of the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet is more than 600 ℃;
or, a slow cooling and cooling process: conveying the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet to a heat preservation pit for slow cooling, and feeding the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet into a heating furnace under the condition that the surface temperature of the middle part of the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet is less than 600 ℃;
(2) a heating procedure: heating the ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet to a specified temperature required by forging in a heating furnace according to a preset heating curve;
(3) forging/extruding: forging or extruding the heated ultra-large vertical continuous casting billet to produce a shaft, flange or cylinder blank forging;
(4) a heat treatment process: normalizing and tempering the blank forging in a heat treatment furnace or annealing process;
(5) and (3) machining: and processing the blank forging subjected to heat treatment to the required shape and size.
6. The method for producing a forging according to claim 5, wherein in the heating step, the heating furnace is used for holding the material at a furnace temperature of 600-.
7. The method for producing a forging according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment process further comprises a thermal refining process, specifically: sending the annealed or normalized and tempered blank forging piece into a heating furnace, keeping the furnace temperature of 250-; when the temperature of the quenched blank forging is reduced to 300 ℃ of 250-.
8. The method of producing a forging of claim 5, wherein annealing the blank forging comprises: and (2) conveying the blank forging piece into an annealing furnace, keeping the furnace temperature of 550-.
9. A forging produced by the method of producing a forging according to any of claims 5 to 8.
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