CN114258249A - Bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity and forming method - Google Patents
Bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity and forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114258249A CN114258249A CN202111521956.2A CN202111521956A CN114258249A CN 114258249 A CN114258249 A CN 114258249A CN 202111521956 A CN202111521956 A CN 202111521956A CN 114258249 A CN114258249 A CN 114258249A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20309—Evaporators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20318—Condensers
Abstract
The invention relates to a bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity and a forming method, wherein the bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity comprises a condensation end upper plate and an evaporation end lower plate which are matched in appearance, the condensation end upper plate is provided with a plurality of cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure units which are tapered and distributed in a radial circumferential array from bottom to top along the circumferential direction of the center, the evaporation end lower plate is provided with an evaporation surface at the center, a plurality of steam-induced microstructure units which are tapered and distributed in a linear array are arranged from bottom to top along the periphery of the evaporation surface, a plurality of liquid collecting grooves are uniformly distributed on the tapered surfaces from bottom to top along the periphery of the evaporation surface, a plurality of embedded spherical supporting structures are uniformly distributed on the liquid collecting grooves, the condensation end upper plate is connected with the evaporation end lower plate through the embedded spherical supporting structures, and a liquid filling pipe is arranged on the outer side of the evaporation end lower plate. According to the invention, the automatic centripetal transportation of the liquid drops at the condensation end and the evaporation end can be realized without any hydrophobic modification, the steam circulation is greatly accelerated, and the overall heat exchange effect of the steam cavity is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steam cavities, in particular to a bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity and a forming method.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of technologies such as aerospace, military nuclear power, microelectronics and the like, the thermal control technology also faces more serious challenges, and as electronic components in new-generation equipment develop towards high resolution, high precision and miniaturization, and the high integration of effective loads, single machines and electronic systems, the heat flow density of the electronic components is increased sharply, and the local temperature is extremely high. In order to improve the reliability, stability and working life of the whole equipment, the micro thermal control problem of high-heat-flow-density electronic components, parts and assemblies in a narrow space needs to be solved. The steam cavity is a key device for realizing further enhanced heat dissipation as an enhanced heat exchange component which simultaneously generates evaporation/boiling and condensation, and although the steam cavity has great application prospects in the fields of electronics, aerospace, military industry and the like, the existing steam cavity still has the technical defects of large capillary flow resistance and the like, and the development requirement of high-power equipment can not be met far. Most of the existing researches for improving the performance of the capillary core of the steam cavity focus on applying external forces such as hydrophobic treatment or electrostatic field to the condensation end to promote the liquid drops to flow back to the evaporation end subjected to hydrophilic treatment so as to enhance the boiling limit of the liquid drops. Therefore, the research and development of the capillary core microstructure of the steam cavity with efficient steam circulation is a difficult point of the research of the steam cavity, and the bottleneck for restricting the development of the steam cavity is formed by preparing the liquid absorption core with high permeability and capillary force. Therefore, improvements and breakthroughs are needed to be made on the existing steam cavity and forming method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems of the existing steam cavity, the invention provides a bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity and a forming method.
The invention provides a bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity which comprises a condensation end upper plate and an evaporation end lower plate, the shape of the upper plate of the condensation end is matched with that of the lower plate of the evaporation end, a plurality of tapered cactus-like acupuncture microstructure units distributed in a radial circumferential array are arranged on the upper plate of the condensation end from bottom to top along the circumferential direction of the central position, the central position of the evaporation end lower plate is provided with an evaporation surface, a plurality of steam-induced microstructure units which are tapered and distributed in a linear array are arranged along the periphery of the evaporation surface from bottom to top, a plurality of liquid collecting grooves are uniformly distributed on the conical surface from bottom to top along the periphery of the evaporation surface, a plurality of embedded spherical supporting structures are uniformly distributed on the liquid collecting grooves, the upper plate of the condensation end is connected with the lower plate of the evaporation end through a plurality of embedded spherical supporting structures, and a liquid filling pipe is arranged on the outer side of the lower plate of the evaporation end.
According to the invention, the condensation end upper plate is provided with the plurality of cactus-like acupuncture microstructure units which are tapered and distributed in a radial circumferential array manner, so that the technical problems of insufficient condensation end backflow capacity and overlarge contact thermal resistance of the existing liquid suction core are effectively solved, the automatic centripetal backflow of condensed liquid drops without capillary action can be realized, and the internal gas-liquid circulation space is increased; the vapor inducing microstructure units which are provided with tapers and are distributed in a linear array are arranged on the lower plate of the evaporation end, so that evaporation liquid drops at the evaporation end are subjected to uneven evaporation airflow generated by the vapor inducing microstructure to generate a dragging effect, and the directional transportation effect of the evaporation liquid drops at the evaporation end is realized; meanwhile, the boiling limit of the evaporation end is further improved by combining a plurality of steam-induced micro-structural units on the lower plate of the evaporation end with the uniform nano-scale super-hydrophilic structure at the central position of the units. In addition, the invention solves the technical defects that the flatness of the bottom surface cannot be ensured and the processing cost is higher due to the fact that the milling process is adopted on the supporting bottom surface of the existing non-embedded cylindrical supporting structure by arranging the plurality of embedded spherical supporting structures between the upper plate of the condensation end and the lower plate of the evaporation end, is beneficial to improving the suction effect of the condensation end on condensed liquid drops and further improving the backflow efficiency of the condensation end, thereby improving the heat transfer capacity and the strength of the steam cavity, and simultaneously, the plurality of embedded spherical supporting structures can further reduce the manufacturing cost.
Furthermore, the upper plate of the condensation end and the lower plate of the evaporation end are respectively a square upper plate of the condensation end and a square lower plate of the evaporation end, the square upper plate of the condensation end is integrally formed by micro-imprinting into a plurality of cactus-like acupuncture microstructure units which are tapered from bottom to top along the circumferential direction of a central position and are distributed in a radial circumferential array, the square lower plate of the evaporation end is integrally formed by micro-imprinting into a plurality of steam-induced microstructure units which are tapered from bottom to top along the periphery of the square evaporation surface and are distributed in a linear array, four liquid collecting grooves are uniformly distributed from bottom to top along the periphery of the square evaporation surface, and three embedded spherical supporting structures are uniformly distributed on each liquid collecting groove.
According to the invention, the steam-induced microstructure units of the square evaporation end lower plate and the cactus-like acupuncture microstructure units of the square condensation end upper plate are prepared by adopting a micro-imprinting integrated forming process, and the two microstructure units are respectively integrated with the square evaporation end lower plate and the square condensation end upper plate to form an integrated structure, so that the bonding strength of the overall structure of the steam cavity is enhanced, and the thermal contact resistance between the two microstructure units and the square evaporation end lower plate and the square condensation end upper plate is reduced. Compared with the existing liquid suction core processed and manufactured by the processes of copper mesh, powder sintering and the like, the invention greatly saves the internal space of the steam cavity, effectively increases the flowing space of the steam and improves the gas-liquid separation efficiency. Compared with the existing liquid absorption core manufactured by the processes of high-cost laser processing, photoetching technology and the like, the micro-imprinting process adopted by the invention can realize batch preparation, has low production cost and high production efficiency, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Further, the upper plate of the condensation end and the lower plate of the evaporation end are respectively a circular upper plate of the condensation end and a circular lower plate of the evaporation end, the circular upper plate of the condensation end is integrally formed by micro-imprinting into a plurality of cactus-like acupuncture microstructure units which are tapered from bottom to top along the circumferential direction of a central position and are distributed in a radial circumferential array, the circular lower plate of the evaporation end is integrally formed by micro-imprinting into a square evaporation surface located at the central position and a plurality of steam-induced microstructure units which are tapered from bottom to top along the periphery of the square evaporation surface and are distributed in a linear array, four liquid collecting grooves are uniformly distributed from bottom to top along the periphery of the square evaporation surface, and three embedded spherical supporting structures are uniformly distributed on each liquid collecting groove.
The steam-induced microstructure units of the round evaporation end lower plate and the cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure units of the round condensation end upper plate are prepared by adopting a micro-imprinting integrated forming process, and the two microstructure units are respectively integrated with the round evaporation end lower plate and the round condensation end upper plate to form an integrated structure, so that the bonding strength of the overall structure of the steam cavity is enhanced, and the thermal contact resistance between the two microstructure units and a substrate is reduced. Compared with the existing liquid suction core processed and manufactured by the processes of copper mesh, powder sintering and the like, the invention greatly saves the internal space of the steam cavity, effectively increases the flowing space of the steam and improves the gas-liquid separation efficiency. Compared with the existing liquid absorption core manufactured by the processes of high-cost laser processing, photoetching technology and the like, the micro-imprinting process adopted by the invention can realize batch preparation, has low production cost and high production efficiency, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Furthermore, the included angle between two adjacent cactus-like acupuncture microstructure units is 5-15 degrees, each cactus-like acupuncture microstructure unit comprises a plurality of cactus-like acupuncture microstructures which are sequentially arranged end to form, the shape of a single cactus-like acupuncture microstructure is a semi-cone, and the tip of the semi-cone deviates from the central position of the condensation end upper plate.
Further, the length L of the semi-cone is 1-2mm, and the included angle alpha of the tip part of the semi-cone is 5-10 degrees.
The invention enables condensed liquid drops to be transported from the tip part of the semi-cone shape to the tail part of the semi-cone shape under the action of Laplace force by arranging the cactus-imitated needling microstructure with the semi-cone shape, then to be transited to the adjacent tip part of the semi-cone shape and transported to the tail part of the semi-cone shape, and so on, so that the condensed liquid drops are sequentially transported to the central position of the upper plate of the condensing end from top to bottom through the cactus-imitated needling microstructure units which are sequentially arranged end to end.
Furthermore, the steam-induced microstructure unit comprises a plurality of steam-induced microstructures, the cross sections of the steam-induced microstructures are right-angled triangles, the right-angled sides of the right-angled triangles deviate from the evaporation surface, and the right-angled triangles are sequentially arranged end to form a plurality of steam-induced microstructures which are longitudinally in a straight shape and transversely in a zigzag shape.
Furthermore, the height H of each right triangle is 0.1-0.5mm, and the length W is 0.7-1 mm.
When the steam cavity is in low heat flow density, the steam-induced microstructure can provide a large number of gasification cores to enhance the heat exchange effect; when the steam cavity is in high heat flow density, the steam induction microstructure can be contacted with steam and generates a Leidenfrost phenomenon, and at the moment, the asymmetric steam flow generates a centripetal driving force, so that the steam is accelerated to be transported to the center of the evaporation end, and the boiling limit is delayed.
The leidenfrost phenomenon refers to: when water drops on the ironed iron plate, the water droplets roll around the iron plate and slowly evaporate gradually as the plate reaches the leidenfrost point, which in turn causes the water droplets to persist longer.
Furthermore, embedded spherical bearing structure includes spherical support column, location pit on the support column and location pit under the support column, is in the installation spherical support column condensation end upper plate position department and evaporation end hypoplastron position department are equipped with location pit on the support column and location pit under the support column respectively, location pit on the support column with location pit is arranged with the axle center in the vertical direction under the support column, the appearance of location pit on the support column and the appearance of location pit under the support column all with the appearance phase-match of spherical support column.
The embedded spherical support structure is adopted, so that the processing cost of the spherical support column is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the spherical support column and the contact positions of the positioning concave pits on the support column and the positioning concave pits under the support column respectively form a hemispherical combination space with a certain radian, the hemispherical combination space can be favorable for improving the suction effect of the condensing end on condensed liquid drops, the reflux efficiency of the condensing end is further improved, and the heat transfer capacity of the steam cavity is improved.
Furthermore, the evaporation surface is provided with a uniform nano-scale super-hydrophilic structure so as to improve the boiling limit of the evaporation surface.
The uniform nano-scale super-hydrophilic structure is prepared by adopting an electrochemical anodic oxidation method or a chemical etching method.
The invention also provides a forming method of the bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity, which is used for obtaining the bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity in any one of the preferable schemes and comprises the following steps:
selecting two aluminum alloy plates with the length and width of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-2cm as forming plates of an upper plate at a condensation end and a lower plate at an evaporation end, and respectively performing mechanical polishing and electrolytic polishing on the two forming plates, cleaning and drying for later use;
the forming die of the plurality of cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure units with the taper and distributed in the radial circumferential array is manufactured by any one of electric spark, micro milling and laser micro-nano processing, and the upper die of the forming die is a forming microstructure die, namely the plurality of cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure units with the taper and distributed in the radial circumferential array; selecting a proper press machine according to the forming requirement, and formulating technological parameters including forming temperature, pressure, pressing speed and dwell time required by die forming; assembling the forming die on the press, after ensuring that no interference exists through die testing, placing the upper plate at the condensation end in a female die of the forming die, opening a heating switch to heat a forming part after the forming die is closed, and setting working parameters of the press as technological parameters including pressure, die pressing speed and pressure maintaining time required for die pressing and forming of the cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure unit after reaching a specified forming temperature; after the pressure maintaining time is finished, closing the heating switch, and integrally forming a plurality of the cactus-imitated needling microstructure units on the upper plate of the condensation end through micro-embossing; after the condensation end upper plate integrally formed by micro-imprinting is cooled to room temperature, the press machine is lifted to complete the die opening of the forming die, and then the condensation end upper plate with a plurality of cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure units is taken out, so that the technical effect of low-cost and high-efficiency production and manufacturing of the condensation end upper plate with a plurality of cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure units is realized;
carrying out micro-imprinting integral forming on a plurality of steam-induced microstructure units which are provided with tapers and distributed in a linear array on the lower plate of the evaporation end by adopting the same micro-imprinting integral forming method;
and preparing a uniform nano super-hydrophilic structure on the evaporation surface by adopting an anodic oxidation method or a chemical etching method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the embedded spherical support structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the cactus-like needling microstructure unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the shape of the simulated cactus needled microstructure shown in fig. 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a square evaporation end plate according to the embodiment of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a partial perspective view of a square evaporation end plate according to the embodiment of fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a schematic partial structure view of a preferred embodiment of a steam-induced microstructure unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-square condensation end upper plate; 2-square evaporation end lower plate; 3-a spherical support column; 4-a liquid collecting tank; 5-square evaporation surface; 6-steam induced microstructure units; 6.1-steam induced microstructure; 7-a liquid filling pipe; 8-cactus-like needling microstructure units; 8.1-cactus-like acupuncture microstructure; 9-evaporating the droplets; 10-condensation of droplets; 11-positioning pits on the supporting columns; 12-positioning a pit below the supporting column; 13-round condensation end upper plate; 14-round evaporation end plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures 1-8 are described in detail below.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", and the like in the embodiments indicate orientation words, which are used for simplifying the description of positional relationships based on the drawings of the specification, and do not represent that elements, devices, and the like which are referred to must operate according to specific orientations and defined operations and methods, configurations in the specification, and such orientation terms do not constitute limitations of the present invention.
In view of the defects of the existing radiating pipe and the development trend in the technical field of electronic radiating, the radiating pipe is inspired by the combination of the phenomena of automatic mist collection and directional transportation by needling of the cactus and the Leidenfrost Phenomenon (Leidenfrost Phenomenon), wherein the Leidenfrost phenomena refers to: when water drops on the ironed iron plate, the water droplets roll around the iron plate and slowly evaporate gradually as the iron plate reaches the Leidenfrost point (Leidenfrost point), which in turn causes the water droplets to persist longer. According to the invention, the Laidenfrost phenomenon is applied to the evaporation end, so that the rapid centripetal movement of evaporation liquid drops is realized, and the technical effect of steam circulation efficiency is further improved. Accordingly, the invention provides a directional self-refluxing bionic steam cavity and a forming method, which simplify the microstructure characteristics related to the two phenomena and apply the simplified microstructure characteristics to the automatic centripetal transportation surface microstructure of the condensation end and the evaporation end of the steam cavity.
The bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity provided by the invention comprises a condensation end upper plate and an evaporation end lower plate, wherein the appearance of the condensation end upper plate is matched with that of the evaporation end lower plate, a plurality of cactus-like acupuncture microstructure units 8 which are tapered and distributed in a radial circumferential array are arranged on the condensation end upper plate from bottom to top along the circumferential direction of the central position, an evaporation surface is arranged on the evaporation end lower plate at the central position, a plurality of steam-induced microstructure units 6 which are tapered and distributed in a linear array are arranged on the periphery of the evaporation surface from bottom to top, a plurality of liquid collecting grooves 4 are uniformly distributed on the tapered surface of the evaporation surface from bottom to top along the periphery of the evaporation surface, a plurality of embedded spherical supporting structures are uniformly distributed on the liquid collecting grooves 4, and the condensation end upper plate is connected with the evaporation end lower plate through a plurality of embedded spherical supporting structures, and a liquid filling pipe 7 is arranged on the outer side of the lower plate of the evaporation end.
The invention designs a bionic microstructure of a condensation end of a steam cavity according to the bionic principle of an automatic mist collecting microstructure of prickly ash acupuncture, wherein the bionic principle of the automatic mist collecting microstructure of prickly ash acupuncture is as follows: in order to overcome the natural environment of a perennial lack of rain and ground water, cactus has evolved spikes that collect moisture from the air, which automatically transport the collected moisture from the tip of the spike to the root of the cactus for plant growth. According to the steam cavity, the needle structure of the cactus is applied to the condensation end of the steam cavity, so that the collection and reflux rates of the condensed liquid drops 10 can be greatly improved. Meanwhile, the invention designs the steam cavity evaporation end induction microstructure according to the technical inspiration of the steam induced liquid drop transportation microstructure caused by the temperature field. Through a plurality of bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity technical scheme that the bionic micro-structure of the condensation end of the steam cavity and the induction micro-structures of the evaporation end of the steam cavity are combined, the following technical effects can be realized: the steam chamber can realize automatic centripetal transportation of liquid drops at the condensation end and the evaporation end without any hydrophobic modification, so that steam circulation is accelerated, the heat exchange effect of the steam chamber is greatly improved, the intensity of the bionic microstructure at the condensation end of the steam chamber and the intensity of the induced microstructure at the evaporation end of the steam chamber are high, the thermal resistance is low, and the defects of the existing liquid absorption core can be effectively overcome.
As shown in fig. 1-8, the invention effectively solves the technical problems of insufficient reflux capacity of the condensation end and overlarge contact thermal resistance of the existing wick by arranging a plurality of cactus-like acupuncture microstructure units 8 which are provided with conicity and distributed in a radial circumferential array on the upper plate of the condensation end, can realize automatic centripetal reflux of condensed liquid drops 10 without capillary action, and simultaneously increases the internal gas-liquid circulation space; the vapor inducing microstructure units 6 which are tapered and distributed in a linear array are arranged on the lower plate of the evaporation end, so that the vapor droplets 9 at the evaporation end are subjected to uneven vapor flow generated by the vapor inducing microstructure 6.1 to generate dragging action, and the directional transportation effect of the vapor droplets 9 at the evaporation end is realized; meanwhile, the boiling limit of the evaporation end is further improved by combining a plurality of steam-induced micro-structural units 6 on the lower plate of the evaporation end with a uniform nano-scale super-hydrophilic structure at the central position of the units. In addition, the invention solves the technical defects that the flatness of the bottom surface cannot be ensured and the processing cost is higher due to the fact that the milling process is adopted on the supporting bottom surface of the existing non-embedded cylindrical supporting structure by arranging the plurality of embedded spherical supporting structures between the upper plate of the condensation end and the lower plate of the evaporation end, is beneficial to improving the suction effect of the condensation end on the condensation liquid drops 10 and further improving the backflow efficiency of the condensation end, thereby improving the heat transfer capacity and the strength of the steam cavity, and simultaneously, the plurality of embedded spherical supporting structures can further reduce the manufacturing cost.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the condensation end upper plate and the evaporation end lower plate are respectively a square condensation end upper plate 1 and a square evaporation end lower plate 2, the square condensation end upper plate 1 is integrally formed by micro-imprinting to form a plurality of cactus-like acupuncture microstructure units 8 which are tapered from bottom to top along the circumferential direction of a central position and are distributed in a radial circumferential array, the square evaporation end lower plate 2 is integrally formed by micro-imprinting to form a square evaporation surface 5 located at the central position and a plurality of steam-induced microstructure units 6 which are tapered from bottom to top along the periphery of the square evaporation surface 5 and are distributed in a linear array, four liquid collecting tanks 4 are uniformly distributed from bottom to top along the periphery of the square evaporation surface 5, and three embedded spherical support structures are uniformly distributed on each liquid collecting tank 4.
According to the invention, the steam-induced microstructure units 6 of the square evaporation end lower plate 2 and the cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure units 8 of the square condensation end upper plate 1 are prepared by adopting a micro-imprinting integrated forming process, and the two microstructure units are respectively integrated with the square evaporation end lower plate 2 and the square condensation end upper plate 1 to form an integrated structure, so that the bonding strength of the overall structure of the steam cavity is enhanced, and the thermal contact resistance between the two microstructure units and the square evaporation end lower plate 2 and the square condensation end upper plate 1 is reduced. Compared with the existing liquid suction core processed and manufactured by the processes of copper mesh, powder sintering and the like, the invention greatly saves the internal space of the steam cavity, effectively increases the flowing space of the steam and improves the gas-liquid separation efficiency. Compared with the existing liquid absorption core manufactured by the processes of high-cost laser processing, photoetching technology and the like, the micro-imprinting process adopted by the invention can realize batch preparation, has low production cost and high production efficiency, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the upper condensation end plate and the lower evaporation end plate are respectively a circular upper condensation end plate 13 and a circular lower evaporation end plate 14, the circular upper condensation end plate 13 is integrally formed by micro-imprinting to form a plurality of cactus-like acupuncture microstructure units 8 which are tapered from bottom to top along the circumferential direction of a central position and are distributed in a radial circumferential array, the circular lower evaporation end plate 14 is integrally formed by micro-imprinting to include a square evaporation surface 5 located at the central position and a plurality of steam-induced microstructure units 6 which are tapered from bottom to top along the periphery of the square evaporation surface 5 and are distributed in a linear array, four liquid collecting tanks 4 are uniformly distributed from bottom to top along the periphery of the square evaporation surface 5, and three embedded spherical support structures are uniformly distributed on each liquid collecting tank 4.
According to the invention, the steam-induced microstructure unit 6 of the round evaporation end lower plate 14 and the cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure unit 8 of the round condensation end upper plate 13 are prepared by adopting a micro-imprinting integrated forming process, and the two microstructure units and the round evaporation end lower plate 14 and the round condensation end upper plate 13 respectively form an integrated structure, so that the bonding strength of the overall structure of the steam cavity is enhanced, and the thermal contact resistance between the two microstructure units and the round evaporation end lower plate 14 and the round condensation end upper plate 13 is reduced. Compared with the existing liquid suction core processed and manufactured by the processes of copper mesh, powder sintering and the like, the invention greatly saves the internal space of the steam cavity, effectively increases the flowing space of the steam and improves the gas-liquid separation efficiency. Compared with the existing liquid absorption core manufactured by the processes of high-cost laser processing, photoetching technology and the like, the micro-imprinting process adopted by the invention can realize batch preparation, has low production cost and high production efficiency, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 8, an included angle between two adjacent cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure units 8 is 5-15 °, each cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure unit 8 comprises a plurality of cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructures 8.1 which are sequentially arranged end to form, the shape of a single cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure 8.1 is a semi-cone, and the tip of the semi-cone deviates from the central position of the condensation end upper plate.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the length L of the semi-circular cone is 1-2mm, and the included angle α of the tip of the semi-circular cone is 5-10 °. In the figure: theta is the droplet contact angle; thetaadvIs the droplet advance angle; thetarecIs the drop receding angle.
As shown in fig. 4, the cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure 8.1 with the semi-conical shape is arranged, so that the condensate droplets 10 are transported from the tip part of the semi-conical shape to the tail part of the semi-conical shape under the action of laplace force, then are transited to the adjacent tip part of the semi-conical shape and are transported to the tail part of the semi-conical shape, and so on, so that the condensate droplets 10 are sequentially transported to the central position of the upper plate of the condensation end from top to bottom through the cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure units 8 which are sequentially arranged end to form.
The laplace force refers to the pressure difference across the meniscus.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 5, and 6-8, the steam-induced microstructure unit 6 includes a plurality of steam-induced microstructures 6.1, the cross section of each steam-induced microstructure 6.1 is a right-angled triangle, and the right-angled side of each steam-induced microstructure deviates from the evaporation surface, and the right-angled triangles are sequentially arranged end to form a plurality of steam-induced microstructures 6.1 that are in a straight line shape in the longitudinal direction and in a zigzag shape in the transverse direction.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the height H of a single right triangle is 0.1-0.5mm, and the length W is 0.7-1 mm.
When the steam cavity is in low heat flow density, the steam induction microstructure 6.1 can provide a large amount of gasification cores to enhance the heat exchange effect; when the steam cavity is in high heat flow density, the steam induction microstructure 6.1 can be contacted with steam and generates Leidenfrost phenomenon, and at the moment, the asymmetric steam flow generates centripetal driving force, so that the steam is accelerated to be transported to the center of the evaporation end, and the boiling limit is delayed.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 5, and 8, the embedded spherical supporting structure includes a spherical supporting column 3, an upper supporting column positioning recess 11 and a lower supporting column positioning recess 12, the upper supporting column positioning recess 11 and the lower supporting column positioning recess 12 are respectively disposed at the position of the upper condensing end plate and the position of the lower evaporating end plate of the spherical supporting column 3, the upper supporting column positioning recess 11 and the lower supporting column positioning recess 12 are coaxially disposed in the vertical direction, and the shape of the upper supporting column positioning recess 11 and the shape of the lower supporting column positioning recess 12 are both matched with the shape of the spherical supporting column 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the embedded spherical support structure is adopted, so that the processing cost of the spherical support column 3 is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the contact positions of the spherical support column 3 and the upper positioning pit 11 and the lower positioning pit 12 of the support column respectively form a hemispherical combination space with a certain radian, the hemispherical combination space can be favorable for improving the suction effect of the condensation end on the condensed liquid drops 10, the reflux efficiency of the condensation end is further improved, and the heat transfer capacity of the steam cavity is improved.
Specifically, the evaporation surface is provided with a uniform nano-scale super-hydrophilic structure to improve the boiling limit of the evaporation surface.
The uniform nano-scale super-hydrophilic structure can be prepared by adopting an electrochemical anodic oxidation method or a chemical etching method.
The invention also provides a forming method of the bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity, which is used for obtaining the bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity in any embodiment and comprises the following steps:
selecting two aluminum alloy plates with the length and width of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-2cm as forming plates of an upper plate at a condensation end and a lower plate at an evaporation end, and respectively performing mechanical polishing and electrolytic polishing on the two forming plates, cleaning and drying for later use;
the forming die of the plurality of cactus-imitating acupuncture microstructure units 8 with the taper and distributed in the radial circumferential array is manufactured by any one of electric spark, micro milling and laser micro-nano processing, and the upper die of the forming die is a forming microstructure die, namely the plurality of cactus-imitating acupuncture microstructure units 8 with the taper and distributed in the radial circumferential array; selecting a proper press machine according to the forming requirement, and formulating technological parameters including forming temperature, pressure, pressing speed and dwell time required by die forming; assembling the forming die on the press machine, after ensuring that no interference exists through die testing, placing the upper plate at the condensation end in a female die of the forming die, opening a heating switch to heat a forming part after the forming die is closed, and setting working parameters of the press machine as technological parameters including pressure, die pressing speed and pressure maintaining time required for die pressing and forming of the cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure unit 8 after reaching a specified forming temperature; after the pressure maintaining time is finished, the heating switch is closed, and at the moment, the cactus-imitated needling microstructure units 8 are integrally formed and manufactured on the upper plate of the condensation end through micro-embossing; after the condensation end upper plate integrally formed by micro-imprinting is cooled to room temperature, the press machine is lifted to complete the mold opening of the forming mold, and then the condensation end upper plate with a plurality of cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure units 8 is taken out, so that the technical effect of low-cost and high-efficiency production and manufacturing of the condensation end upper plate with a plurality of cactus-simulated acupuncture microstructure units 8 is realized;
carrying out micro-embossing integrated forming on a plurality of steam-induced microstructure units 6 which are provided with tapers and distributed in a linear array on the lower plate of the evaporation end by adopting the same micro-embossing integrated forming method;
and preparing a uniform nano super-hydrophilic structure on the evaporation surface by adopting an anodic oxidation method or a chemical etching method.
Although the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity is characterized by comprising a condensation end upper plate and an evaporation end lower plate, wherein the appearance of the condensation end upper plate is matched with that of the evaporation end lower plate, a plurality of cactus-like acupuncture microstructure units (8) which are provided with tapers and distributed in a radial circumferential array are arranged on the condensation end upper plate from bottom to top along the circumferential direction of the central position, an evaporation surface is arranged on the center position of the evaporation end lower plate, a plurality of steam-induced microstructure units (6) which are provided with tapers and distributed in a linear array are arranged on the periphery of the evaporation surface from bottom to top, a plurality of liquid collecting grooves (4) are uniformly distributed on the taper surface on the periphery of the evaporation surface from bottom to top, a plurality of embedded spherical supporting structures are uniformly distributed on the liquid collecting grooves (4), and the condensation end upper plate is connected with the evaporation end lower plate through a plurality of embedded spherical supporting structures, and a liquid filling pipe (7) is arranged on the outer side of the lower plate of the evaporation end.
2. The bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity according to claim 1, wherein the upper plate of the condensation end and the lower plate of the evaporation end are respectively a square upper plate (1) of the condensation end and a square lower plate (2) of the evaporation end, the square condensation end upper plate (1) is integrally formed into a plurality of cactus-imitating acupuncture microstructure units (8) which are arranged in a radial circumferential array along the central position from bottom to top and have conicity, the square evaporation end lower plate (2) is integrally formed into a square evaporation surface (5) positioned at the central position through micro-embossing, and the steam-induced microstructure units (6) are tapered from bottom to top and are distributed in a linear array along the periphery of the square evaporation surface (5), four liquid collecting tanks (4) are uniformly distributed from bottom to top along the periphery of the square evaporation surface (5), and three embedded spherical supporting structures are uniformly distributed on each liquid collecting tank (4).
3. The bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity according to claim 1, wherein the upper condensation end plate and the lower evaporation end plate are respectively a circular upper condensation end plate (13) and a circular lower evaporation end plate (14), the round condensation end upper plate (13) is integrally formed into a plurality of cactus-imitating acupuncture microstructure units (8) which are arranged in a radial circumferential array along the central position from bottom to top and have conicity, the round evaporation end lower plate (14) is integrally formed into a square evaporation surface (5) positioned at the central position through micro-embossing, and the steam-induced microstructure units (6) are tapered from bottom to top and are distributed in a linear array along the periphery of the square evaporation surface (5), four liquid collecting tanks (4) are uniformly distributed from bottom to top along the periphery of the square evaporation surface (5), and three embedded spherical supporting structures are uniformly distributed on each liquid collecting tank (4).
4. The bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between two adjacent cactus-like needling microstructure units (8) is 5-15 degrees, each cactus-like needling microstructure unit (8) comprises a plurality of cactus-like needling microstructures (8.1) which are sequentially arranged end to form, the appearance of each single cactus-like needling microstructure (8.1) is in a semi-conical shape, and the tip of each semi-conical shape deviates from the central position of the condensation end upper plate.
5. The bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity according to claim 4, wherein the length L of the semi-conical shape is 1-2mm, and the included angle alpha of the tip part of the semi-conical shape is 5-10 degrees.
6. The bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity according to claim 1, wherein the steam-induced microstructure unit (6) comprises a plurality of steam-induced microstructures (6.1), the cross section of each steam-induced microstructure (6.1) is a right-angled triangle, the right-angled sides of the right-angled triangles deviate from the evaporation surface, and the right-angled triangles are sequentially arranged end to form a plurality of steam-induced microstructures (6.1) which are in a straight shape longitudinally and in a zigzag shape transversely.
7. The bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity according to claim 6, wherein the right-angled triangle has a height H of 0.1-0.5mm and a length W of 0.7-1 mm.
8. The bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity according to claim 1, wherein the embedded spherical supporting structure comprises a spherical supporting column (3), a positioning pit (11) on the supporting column and a positioning pit (12) under the supporting column, the position of the upper plate at the condensation end and the position of the lower plate at the evaporation end of the installed spherical supporting column (3) are respectively provided with the positioning pit (11) on the supporting column and the positioning pit (12) under the supporting column, the positioning pit (11) on the supporting column and the positioning pit (12) under the supporting column are coaxially arranged in the vertical direction, and the appearance of the positioning pit (11) on the supporting column and the appearance of the positioning pit (12) under the supporting column are matched with the appearance of the spherical supporting column (3).
9. The bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity according to claim 1, wherein a uniform nano-scale super-hydrophilic structure is arranged on the evaporation surface.
10. A forming method of a bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity is used for obtaining the bionic micro-nano self-driven steam cavity as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting two aluminum alloy plates with the length and width of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-2cm as forming plates of an upper plate at a condensation end and a lower plate at an evaporation end, and respectively performing mechanical polishing and electrolytic polishing on the two forming plates, cleaning and drying for later use;
the forming die of the plurality of cactus-imitating acupuncture microstructure units (8) with the taper and distributed in the radial circumferential array is manufactured by any one of electric spark, micro milling and laser micro-nano processing, and the upper die of the forming die is a forming microstructure die, namely the plurality of cactus-imitating acupuncture microstructure units (8) with the taper and distributed in the radial circumferential array; selecting a proper press machine according to the forming requirement, and formulating technological parameters including forming temperature, pressure, pressing speed and dwell time required by die forming; assembling the forming die on the press machine, after ensuring that no interference exists through die testing, placing the upper plate at the condensation end in a female die of the forming die, opening a heating switch to heat a forming part after the forming die is closed, and setting working parameters of the press machine as technological parameters including pressure, die pressing speed and pressure holding time required for carrying out die pressing forming on the cactus-imitated acupuncture microstructure unit (8) after reaching a specified forming temperature; after the pressure maintaining time is finished, the heating switch is closed, and at the moment, a plurality of cactus-imitated needling microstructure units (8) are integrally formed on the upper plate of the condensation end through micro-embossing; after the condensation end upper plate integrally formed by micro-imprinting is cooled to room temperature, the press machine is lifted to complete the die opening of the forming die, and then the condensation end upper plate with a plurality of cactus-imitated needling microstructure units (8) is taken out, so that the technical effect of low-cost and high-efficiency production and manufacture of the condensation end upper plate with a plurality of cactus-imitated needling microstructure units (8) is realized;
carrying out micro-imprinting integral forming on a plurality of steam-induced microstructure units (6) which are provided with tapers and distributed in a linear array on the lower plate of the evaporation end by adopting the same micro-imprinting integral forming method;
and preparing a uniform nano super-hydrophilic structure on the evaporation surface by adopting an anodic oxidation method or a chemical etching method.
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