CN111912275A - Gradient ordered pore porous capillary core ultrathin heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Gradient ordered pore porous capillary core ultrathin heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111912275A CN111912275A CN202010597062.0A CN202010597062A CN111912275A CN 111912275 A CN111912275 A CN 111912275A CN 202010597062 A CN202010597062 A CN 202010597062A CN 111912275 A CN111912275 A CN 111912275A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
- F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/085—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from copper or copper alloys
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
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Abstract
The gradient ordered pore porous capillary core ultrathin heat pipe comprises a pipe body, wherein the pipe body is a flat pipe structure with a rectangular cross section, at least two porous capillary cores arranged along the axial direction of the pipe body are arranged in the pipe body, and a plurality of steam channels are separated from the porous capillary cores in the pipe body; the porous capillary core is a metal capillary core structure with a plurality of pores inside, spherical pores are distributed in the porous capillary core, and circular pores are formed at the joint of adjacent spherical pores. The design has the advantages of large steam circulation space, strong capillary driving force, greatly improved heat transfer performance inside the ultrathin heat pipe, reasonable structural design and flexible design parameter adjustment, and can optimize the product performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gradient ordered pore porous capillary core ultrathin heat pipe and a manufacturing method thereof, which are particularly suitable for optimizing heat dissipation performance of the heat pipe.
Background
With the rapid development of the information industry, electronic products are continuously developed towards high performance and light weight, the increase of the heat productivity of the electronic products brings a series of heat dissipation problems, if the high heat generated by the electronic equipment cannot be dissipated in time, the stability and reliability of the electronic equipment are seriously affected, and the problem of high heat flux density becomes a key limiting factor for restricting the development of the electronic industry. Electronic products have higher requirements on the uniformity and heat dissipation of temperature, the uneven distribution of temperature can lead to the uneven thermal deformation of electronic devices, and the electronic devices can be destroyed due to the overhigh temperature, so that efficient heat dissipation measures are the premise of ensuring the safe, stable and reliable work of the electronic devices. Under the background, the development of a novel efficient ultrathin heat pipe is urgently needed to solve the problem of local high heat flow heat dissipation of electronic devices in a limited space.
The ultrathin heat pipe is a novel heat pipe manufactured to adapt to the narrow heat dissipation space of the light and thin electronic equipment. The working principle of the heat conduction assembly is that the heat conduction assembly conducts heat by means of phase change of working media in the heat conduction assembly, has the excellent characteristics of high heat conductivity, excellent temperature uniformity and the like, and is wide in application. The heat pipe is composed of a pipe shell, a wick and a sealing head, wherein the wick is an important component. The stable and efficient work of the ultrathin heat pipe depends on the performance of a liquid absorption core of the ultrathin heat pipe, the liquid absorption core relates to key processes of liquid evaporation, absorption of condensed liquid, backflow of the condensed liquid and the like, and the liquid absorption core is used as the most key part of the heat pipe, and the heat transfer performance of the ultrathin heat pipe is directly influenced by the performance of the ultrathin heat pipe. At the evaporation section of the heat pipe, the working liquid in the pipe core is heated and evaporated, and heat is taken away, wherein the heat is latent heat of evaporation of the working liquid. The vapor flows from the vapor channel to the condensation section of the heat pipe, condenses into liquid, and releases latent heat. Under the capillary force of the wick, the liquid flows back to the evaporation section, thus completing a closed cycle, thereby transferring a large amount of heat from the heating section to the heat dissipation section.
The ultra-thin heat pipe plays an important role in future heat dissipation design due to the small volume and excellent heat dissipation performance. However, the design and development of the current high-performance ultrathin heat pipe are still in search, the current heat pipe has the defects of small vapor circulation space, weak capillary driving force and the like, and the performance of the heat pipe also has a huge improvement space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of small steam circulation space and weak capillary driving force in the prior art, and provides a gradient ordered pore porous capillary core ultrathin heat pipe with large steam circulation space and strong capillary driving force and a manufacturing method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a gradient ordered pore porous capillary core ultrathin heat pipe comprises a pipe body, wherein the pipe body is a flat pipe structure with a rectangular section;
at least two porous capillary cores are arranged in the tube body along the axial direction of the tube body, and a plurality of steam channels are separated by the porous capillary cores in the tube body;
the porous capillary core is a metal capillary core structure with a plurality of pores inside, spherical pores are distributed in the porous capillary core, and circular pores are formed at the joint of adjacent spherical pores.
The spherical holes distributed in the porous capillary core are all spherical holes with the same diameter, and a single spherical hole is communicated with twelve adjacent spherical holes through circular holes.
The diameters of the spherical holes distributed in the porous capillary core are gradually reduced from the middle layer to the top layer and the bottom layer, the spherical holes in the middle layer of the porous capillary core are medium-sized spherical holes with the same diameter, the spherical holes in the top layer and the bottom layer of the porous capillary core are small-sized spherical holes with the same diameter, the small-sized spherical holes are communicated with four adjacent medium-sized spherical holes through circular holes, and the medium-sized spherical holes are communicated with eight adjacent medium-sized spherical holes through the circular holes.
The diameters of the spherical holes distributed in the porous capillary core are in ordered gradient change from the upper layer to the lower layer, and the ordered gradient change is that the diameters are gradually reduced from the upper layer to the lower layer or gradually increased from the upper layer to the lower layer.
The diameter of spherical holes distributed in the porous capillary core is gradually reduced from the upper layer to the lower layer, the spherical holes in the top layer of the porous capillary core are large spherical holes with the same diameter, the spherical holes in the middle layer of the porous capillary core are medium spherical holes with the same diameter, the spherical holes in the bottom layer of the porous capillary core are small spherical holes with the same diameter, the lower end of each large spherical hole is communicated with the upper ends of four adjacent medium spherical holes through circular holes, and the lower ends of the medium spherical holes are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent small spherical holes through the circular holes.
The diameter of the spherical holes distributed in the porous capillary core is gradually increased from the upper layer to the lower layer, the spherical holes in the top layer of the porous capillary core are small spherical holes with the same diameter, the spherical holes in the middle layer of the porous capillary core are medium-sized spherical holes with the same diameter, the spherical holes in the bottom layer of the porous capillary core are large-sized spherical holes with the same diameter, the lower ends of the small spherical holes are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent medium-sized spherical holes through circular holes, and the lower ends of the medium-sized spherical holes are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent large-sized spherical holes through the circular holes.
The diameter of the spherical hole is 0.02-0.08mm, the spherical hole with the diameter of 0.02-0.04 mm is a small spherical hole, the spherical hole with the diameter of 0.021-0.06 mm is a medium spherical hole, and the spherical hole with the diameter of 0.061-0.08 mm is a large spherical hole;
the thickness of the pipe body is 0.26-6 mm, and the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe body is 0.06-0.1 mm.
An outer steam channel is formed between the porous capillary core and the side wall of the tube body, an inner steam channel is formed between the adjacent porous capillary core and the tube wall of the tube body, and the width of the outer steam channel is larger than or equal to that of the inner steam channel.
The tube body and the porous capillary core are both made of microalloyed copper alloy materials with high strength and high thermal conductivity.
A manufacturing method of an ultrathin heat pipe with gradient ordered pore porous capillary cores comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing a porous capillary core, arranging polystyrene colloid balls with the diameter of 0.02-0.08mm into a layered ordered array by utilizing the self-assembly characteristic, performing point contact between adjacent spheres, sintering the arranged colloid ball model to enlarge the contact points between the adjacent spheres into a contact surface due to particle coalescence, obtaining a sintered template after sintering treatment, electrodepositing a copper alloy material in gaps of the obtained sintered template, and finally immersing the model after electrodeposition into an organic solvent to selectively dissolve the colloid balls in an organic solvent bath to obtain a copper-based gradient ordered pore porous dielectric layer;
the second step is that: reducing the head and the tail, namely reducing the diameter of one end of a copper pipe with the diameter of n millimeters from n millimeters to 0.4n-0.6n millimeters, wherein the end is the head end of the copper pipe, and the other end of the copper pipe is the tail end; putting the gradient ordered pore porous medium layer obtained in the first step into a copper pipe from the tail end of the copper pipe, and welding the ordered pore porous medium layer to the copper pipe in a reduced vacuum environment at 850 ℃ by adopting a resistance welding method, wherein the reduced vacuum environment contains 95% of nitrogen and 5% of hydrogen; then, extending a milling cutter into the copper pipe from the tail end to cut off part of the porous medium layer according to different requirements, forming a porous capillary core 2 with gradient ordered pores on the rest porous medium layer, finally reducing the diameter of the tail end of the copper pipe from n millimeters to 0.4n-0.6n millimeters, cutting off the redundant pipe at the tail part, and then packaging and welding the tail end of the heat pipe;
the third step: annealing and filling, namely placing the copper pipe obtained in the second step in a reduced vacuum environment at the temperature of 600 ℃ for annealing for two hours, wherein the reduced vacuum environment contains 95% of nitrogen and 5% of hydrogen; then taking out the annealed copper pipe, filling distilled water without impurities into the copper pipe, wherein the filling ratio of the distilled water is 80-140%, then carrying out vacuum-pumping treatment on the copper pipe, pumping most of non-condensable gas in the copper pipe, then sealing and welding the head end of the copper pipe to maintain a higher vacuum environment in the copper pipe, heating the tail end of the copper pipe to 60-80 ℃, and keeping the heating time to be 0.5-4 hours, so that the non-condensable gas is slowly gathered at the head end of the copper pipe;
the fourth step: and (3) sealing and bending, flattening and forming, namely placing the copper pipe with the non-condensable gas gathered at the head end obtained in the third step into a vacuum environment for cutting, removing the head end pipe section with the non-condensable gas gathered from the copper pipe, ensuring the operation of the pipe in an ultrahigh vacuum state, packaging and welding the head end of the heat pipe again, bending and flattening the copper pipe to a set thickness as required, maintaining the heat pipe at 105 and 110 ℃ when flattening the heat pipe, preventing the heat pipe from generating wrinkles when flattening the heat pipe, obtaining the ultrathin heat pipe, and finishing the manufacturing of the ultrathin heat pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick is arranged on the inner wall of the ultrathin heat pipe in the gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick ultrathin heat pipe, the porous capillary wick adopts a gradient ordered porosity design method, a cavity of the gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick can be used as a steam flowing channel, a ball hole with a smaller diameter can improve capillary driving force, a ball hole with a larger diameter can improve hydraulic permeability, and due to the fact that pores are in an ordered structure, friction resistance between steam and liquid is further reduced, flowing of the steam and the liquid is facilitated, condensed liquid backflow capacity of the ultrathin heat pipe is improved, boiling heat transfer of an evaporation section is enhanced, and heat transfer performance inside the ultrathin heat pipe is greatly improved. Therefore, the design has large steam circulation space and strong capillary driving force, and greatly improves the heat transfer performance in the ultrathin heat pipe.
2. The porous capillary wick in the gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick ultrathin heat pipe can also play a role in supporting the ultrathin heat pipe, and the mechanical strength of the middle part of the pipe body is improved, so that the thickness of the pipe wall is reduced in design, and the available space for water vapor and distilled water to flow in the pipe is increased; the flow resistance and the capillary driving force can be balanced by modifying the sectional area ratio between the porous capillary core and the inner steam channel and between the porous capillary core and the outer steam channel, so that the heat conduction and the substance transfer effect of the capillary core can be further optimized and improved; the design can also increase the width or the length of the heat pipe according to different arrangement spaces, linearly increase the heat transfer effect of the heat pipe under the condition of not changing the thickness of the heat pipe, and has simple processing technology and low manufacturing cost. Therefore, the design structure is reasonable in design, and the design parameters of the regulator can be flexibly adjusted to optimize the product performance.
3. The ultrathin heat pipe in the gradient ordered pore porous capillary core ultrathin heat pipe adopts a microalloyed copper alloy material with high strength and high thermal conductivity, has excellent heat conducting property and mechanical strength property, has high-efficiency heat transfer capability, and can prevent the pipe body from sinking and wrinkling in the bending and flattening forming process of the ultrathin heat pipe during vacuumizing. Therefore, the copper alloy material used by the heat pipe can meet the processing requirement of the heat pipe and has good heat-conducting property.
4. The invention relates to a gradient ordered pore porous capillary core ultrathin heat pipe and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein a porous capillary core adopts polystyrene colloid balls to construct internal pores of the capillary core, then copper alloy materials are electrodeposited in gaps of a sintering template, and finally a model which finishes electrodeposition is immersed in an organic solvent, so that the colloid balls are selectively dissolved in an organic solvent bath to obtain a copper-based gradient ordered pore porous medium layer. Therefore, the design and manufacturing method is simple, and a large circulation space is obtained for the porous capillary wick.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the porous wick of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the porous wick in example 1.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic of the structure of the porous wick in example 2.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3.
Fig. 7 is a schematic of the structure of the porous wick in example 3.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the heat pipe processing in the manufacturing method of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the processing of a porous wick in the manufacturing method of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a tube body 1, a porous capillary core 2, spherical pores 21, circular pores 22, small spherical pores 23, medium spherical pores 24, large spherical pores 25, an outer steam channel 3 and an inner steam channel 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following description and embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the ultrathin heat pipe with gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick comprises a pipe body 1, wherein the pipe body 1 is a flat pipe structure with a rectangular cross section;
at least two porous capillary cores 2 arranged along the axial direction of the tube body are arranged in the tube body 1, and a plurality of steam channels 3 are separated from the porous capillary cores 2 in the tube body 1;
the porous capillary wick 2 is a metal capillary wick structure with a plurality of pores inside, spherical pores 21 are distributed inside the porous capillary wick 2, and circular pores 22 are formed at the joint of adjacent spherical pores 21.
The spherical holes 21 distributed in the porous capillary core 2 are all spherical holes 21 with the same diameter, and a single spherical hole 21 is communicated with twelve adjacent spherical holes 21 through circular pores 22.
The diameters of the spherical pores 21 distributed in the porous capillary core 2 are gradually reduced from the middle layer to the top layer and the bottom layer, the spherical pores 21 in the middle layer of the porous capillary core 2 are medium-sized spherical pores 24 with the same diameter, the spherical pores 21 in the top layer and the bottom layer of the porous capillary core 2 are small-sized spherical pores 23 with the same diameter, the small-sized spherical pores 23 are communicated with four adjacent medium-sized spherical pores 24 through circular pores 22, and the medium-sized spherical pores 24 are communicated with eight adjacent medium-sized spherical pores 24 through the circular pores 22.
The diameters of the spherical holes 21 distributed in the porous capillary core 2 are in ordered gradient change from the upper layer to the lower layer, and the ordered gradient change is that the diameters are gradually reduced from the upper layer to the lower layer or gradually increased from the upper layer to the lower layer.
The diameters of the spherical holes 21 distributed in the porous capillary core 2 are gradually reduced from the upper layer to the lower layer, the spherical holes 21 at the top layer of the porous capillary core 2 are large spherical holes 25 with the same diameter, the spherical holes 21 at the middle layer of the porous capillary core 2 are medium spherical holes 24 with the same diameter, the spherical holes 21 at the bottom layer of the porous capillary core 2 are small spherical holes 23 with the same diameter, the lower ends of the large spherical holes 25 are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent medium spherical holes 24 through circular holes 22, and the lower ends of the medium spherical holes 24 are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent small spherical holes 23 through the circular holes 22.
The diameter of the spherical pores 21 distributed in the porous capillary core 2 is gradually increased from the upper layer to the lower layer, the spherical pores 21 at the top layer of the porous capillary core 2 are small spherical pores 23 with the same diameter, the spherical pores 21 at the middle layer of the porous capillary core 2 are medium spherical pores 24 with the same diameter, the spherical pores 21 at the bottom layer of the porous capillary core 2 are large spherical pores 25 with the same diameter, the lower ends of the small spherical pores 23 are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent medium spherical pores 24 through circular pores 22, and the lower ends of the medium spherical pores 24 are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent large spherical pores 25 through the circular pores 22.
The diameter of the spherical hole 21 is 0.02-0.08mm, the spherical hole 21 with the diameter of 0.02-0.04 mm is a small spherical hole 23, the spherical hole 21 with the diameter of 0.021-0.06 mm is a medium spherical hole 24, and the spherical hole 21 with the diameter of 0.061-0.08 mm is a large spherical hole 25;
the thickness of the pipe body 1 is 0.26-6 mm, and the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe body 1 is 0.06-0.1 mm.
An outer steam channel 3 is formed between the porous capillary core 2 and the side wall of the tube body 1, an inner steam channel 4 is formed between the adjacent porous capillary core 2 and the tube wall of the tube body 1, and the width of the outer steam channel 3 is larger than or equal to that of the inner steam channel 4.
The tube body 1 and the porous capillary core 2 are both made of microalloyed copper alloy materials with high strength and high thermal conductivity.
A manufacturing method of an ultrathin heat pipe with gradient ordered pore porous capillary cores comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing a porous capillary core, arranging polystyrene colloid balls with the diameter of 0.02-0.08mm into a layered ordered array by utilizing the self-assembly characteristic, performing point contact between adjacent spheres, sintering the arranged colloid ball model to enlarge the contact points between the adjacent spheres into a contact surface due to particle coalescence, obtaining a sintered template after sintering treatment, electrodepositing a copper alloy material in gaps of the obtained sintered template, and finally immersing the model after electrodeposition into an organic solvent to selectively dissolve the colloid balls in an organic solvent bath to obtain a copper-based gradient ordered pore porous dielectric layer;
the second step is that: reducing the head and the tail, namely reducing the diameter of one end of a copper pipe with the diameter of n millimeters from n millimeters to 0.4n-0.6n millimeters, wherein the end is the head end of the copper pipe, and the other end of the copper pipe is the tail end; putting the gradient ordered pore porous medium layer obtained in the first step into a copper pipe from the tail end of the copper pipe, and welding the ordered pore porous medium layer to the copper pipe in a reduced vacuum environment at 850 ℃ by adopting a resistance welding method, wherein the reduced vacuum environment contains 95% of nitrogen and 5% of hydrogen; then, extending a milling cutter into the copper pipe from the tail end to cut off part of the porous medium layer according to different requirements, forming a porous capillary core 2 with gradient ordered pores on the rest porous medium layer, finally reducing the diameter of the tail end of the copper pipe from n millimeters to 0.4n-0.6n millimeters, cutting off the redundant pipe at the tail part, and then packaging and welding the tail end of the heat pipe;
the third step: annealing and filling, namely placing the copper pipe obtained in the second step in a reduced vacuum environment at the temperature of 600 ℃ for annealing for two hours, wherein the reduced vacuum environment contains 95% of nitrogen and 5% of hydrogen; then taking out the annealed copper pipe, filling distilled water without impurities into the copper pipe, wherein the filling ratio of the distilled water is 80-140%, then carrying out vacuum-pumping treatment on the copper pipe, pumping most of non-condensable gas in the copper pipe, then sealing and welding the head end of the copper pipe to maintain a higher vacuum environment in the copper pipe, heating the tail end of the copper pipe to 60-80 ℃, and keeping the heating time to be 0.5-4 hours, so that the non-condensable gas is slowly gathered at the head end of the copper pipe;
the fourth step: and (3) sealing and bending, flattening and forming, namely placing the copper pipe with the non-condensable gas gathered at the head end obtained in the third step into a vacuum environment for cutting, removing the head end pipe section with the non-condensable gas gathered from the copper pipe, ensuring the operation of the pipe in an ultrahigh vacuum state, packaging and welding the head end of the heat pipe again, bending and flattening the copper pipe to a set thickness as required, maintaining the heat pipe at 105 and 110 ℃ when flattening the heat pipe, preventing the heat pipe from generating wrinkles when flattening the heat pipe, obtaining the ultrathin heat pipe, and finishing the manufacturing of the ultrathin heat pipe.
The principle of the invention is illustrated as follows:
an outer steam channel 3 and an inner steam channel 4 are formed between the flattened tube body 1 and the porous capillary wick 2, so that steam can effectively flow from the steam channels to the condensation end, then the steam is formed into a liquid medium in the condensation section, and the liquid medium returns to the heat section along the gradient ordered porous capillary wick under the capillary action.
Example 1:
a gradient ordered pore porous capillary core ultrathin heat pipe comprises a pipe body 1, wherein the pipe body 1 is a flat pipe structure with a rectangular section; at least two porous capillary cores 2 arranged along the axial direction of the tube body are arranged in the tube body 1, and a plurality of steam channels 3 are separated from the porous capillary cores 2 in the tube body 1; the porous capillary wick 2 is a metal capillary wick structure with a plurality of pores inside, spherical pores 21 are distributed in the porous capillary wick 2, and circular pores 22 are formed at the joint of adjacent spherical pores 21; the spherical holes 21 distributed in the porous capillary core 2 are all spherical holes 21 with the same diameter, and a single spherical hole 21 is communicated with twelve adjacent spherical holes 21 through a circular pore 22; the diameter of the spherical hole 21 is 0.02-0.08mm, the thickness of the pipe body 1 is 0.26-6 mm, and the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe body 1 is 0.06-0.1 mm; an outer steam channel 3 is formed between the porous capillary core 2 and the side wall of the tube body 1, an inner steam channel 4 is formed between the adjacent porous capillary core 2 and the tube wall of the tube body 1, and the width of the outer steam channel 3 is more than or equal to that of the inner steam channel 4; the tube body 1 and the porous capillary core 2 are both made of microalloyed copper alloy materials with high strength and high thermal conductivity.
A manufacturing method of an ultrathin heat pipe with gradient ordered pore porous capillary cores comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing a porous capillary core, arranging polystyrene colloid balls with the diameter of 0.02-0.08mm into a layered ordered array by utilizing the self-assembly characteristic, performing point contact between adjacent spheres, sintering the arranged colloid ball model to enlarge the contact points between the adjacent spheres into a contact surface due to particle coalescence, obtaining a sintered template after sintering treatment, electrodepositing a copper alloy material in gaps of the obtained sintered template, and finally immersing the model after electrodeposition into an organic solvent to selectively dissolve the colloid balls in an organic solvent bath to obtain a copper-based gradient ordered pore porous dielectric layer;
the second step is that: reducing the head and the tail, namely reducing the diameter of one end of a copper pipe with the diameter of n millimeters from n millimeters to 0.4n-0.6n millimeters, wherein the end is the head end of the copper pipe, and the other end of the copper pipe is the tail end; putting the gradient ordered pore porous medium layer obtained in the first step into a copper pipe from the tail end of the copper pipe, and welding the ordered pore porous medium layer to the copper pipe in a reduced vacuum environment at 850 ℃ by adopting a resistance welding method, wherein the reduced vacuum environment contains 95% of nitrogen and 5% of hydrogen; then, extending a milling cutter into the copper pipe from the tail end to cut off part of the porous medium layer according to different requirements, forming a porous capillary core 2 with gradient ordered pores on the rest porous medium layer, finally reducing the diameter of the tail end of the copper pipe from n millimeters to 0.4n-0.6n millimeters, cutting off the redundant pipe at the tail part, and then packaging and welding the tail end of the heat pipe;
the third step: annealing and filling, namely placing the copper pipe obtained in the second step in a reduced vacuum environment at the temperature of 600 ℃ for annealing for two hours, wherein the reduced vacuum environment contains 95% of nitrogen and 5% of hydrogen; then taking out the annealed copper pipe, filling distilled water without impurities into the copper pipe, wherein the filling ratio of the distilled water is 80-140%, then carrying out vacuum-pumping treatment on the copper pipe, pumping most of non-condensable gas in the copper pipe, then sealing and welding the head end of the copper pipe to maintain a higher vacuum environment in the copper pipe, heating the tail end of the copper pipe to 60-80 ℃, and keeping the heating time to be 0.5-4 hours, so that the non-condensable gas is slowly gathered at the head end of the copper pipe;
the fourth step: and (3) sealing and bending, flattening and forming, namely placing the copper pipe with the non-condensable gas gathered at the head end obtained in the third step into a vacuum environment for cutting, removing the head end pipe section with the non-condensable gas gathered from the copper pipe, ensuring the operation of the pipe in an ultrahigh vacuum state, packaging and welding the head end of the heat pipe again, bending and flattening the copper pipe to a set thickness as required, maintaining the heat pipe at 105 and 110 ℃ when flattening the heat pipe, preventing the heat pipe from generating wrinkles when flattening the heat pipe, obtaining the ultrathin heat pipe, and finishing the manufacturing of the ultrathin heat pipe.
Example 2:
example 2 is substantially the same as example 1 except that:
three porous capillary cores 2 arranged along the axial direction of the tube body are arranged in the tube body 1; the diameters of the spherical pores 21 fully distributed in the porous capillary core 2 are gradually reduced from the middle layer to the top layer and the bottom layer, the spherical pores 21 in the middle layer of the porous capillary core 2 are medium-sized spherical pores 24 with the same diameter, the spherical pores 21 in the top layer and the bottom layer of the porous capillary core 2 are small-sized spherical pores 23 with the same diameter, the small-sized spherical pores 23 are communicated with four adjacent medium-sized spherical pores 24 through circular pores 22, and the medium-sized spherical pores 24 are communicated with eight adjacent medium-sized spherical pores 24 through the circular pores 22; the diameter of the spherical hole 21 is 0.02-0.08mm, the spherical hole 21 with the diameter of 0.02-0.04 mm is a small spherical hole 23, and the spherical hole 21 with the diameter of 0.021-0.06 mm is a medium spherical hole 24; the thickness of the pipe body 1 is 0.26-6 mm, and the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe body 1 is 0.06-0.1 mm.
Example 3:
example 3 is essentially the same as example 1, except that:
four porous capillary cores 2 arranged along the axial direction of the tube body are arranged in the tube body 1; the diameters of the spherical holes 21 distributed in the porous capillary core 2 are in ordered gradient change from the upper layer to the lower layer, and the ordered gradient change is that the diameters are gradually reduced from the upper layer to the lower layer or gradually increased from the upper layer to the lower layer; the diameters of the spherical holes 21 fully distributed in the porous capillary core 2 are gradually reduced from the upper layer to the lower layer, the spherical holes 21 at the top layer of the porous capillary core 2 are large spherical holes 25 with the same diameter, the spherical holes 21 at the middle layer of the porous capillary core 2 are medium spherical holes 24 with the same diameter, the spherical holes 21 at the bottom layer of the porous capillary core 2 are small spherical holes 23 with the same diameter, the lower ends of the large spherical holes 25 are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent medium spherical holes 24 through circular holes 22, and the lower ends of the medium spherical holes 24 are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent small spherical holes 23 through the circular holes 22; the diameter of the spherical hole 21 is 0.02-0.08mm, the spherical hole 21 with the diameter of 0.02-0.04 mm is a small spherical hole 23, the spherical hole 21 with the diameter of 0.021-0.06 mm is a medium spherical hole 24, and the spherical hole 21 with the diameter of 0.061-0.08 mm is a large spherical hole 25; the thickness of the pipe body 1 is 0.26-6 mm, and the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe body 1 is 0.06-0.1 mm.
Example 4:
example 4 is essentially the same as example 1, except that:
five porous capillary cores 2 arranged along the axial direction of the tube body are arranged in the tube body 1; the diameter of the spherical holes 21 distributed in the porous capillary core 2 is gradually increased from the upper layer to the lower layer, the spherical holes 21 at the top layer of the porous capillary core 2 are small spherical holes 23 with the same diameter, the spherical holes 21 at the middle layer of the porous capillary core 2 are medium spherical holes 24 with the same diameter, the spherical holes 21 at the bottom layer of the porous capillary core 2 are large spherical holes 25 with the same diameter, the lower ends of the small spherical holes 23 are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent medium spherical holes 24 through circular holes 22, and the lower ends of the medium spherical holes 24 are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent large spherical holes 25 through the circular holes 22; the diameter of the spherical hole 21 is 0.02-0.08mm, the spherical hole 21 with the diameter of 0.02-0.04 mm is a small spherical hole 23, the spherical hole 21 with the diameter of 0.021-0.06 mm is a medium spherical hole 24, and the spherical hole 21 with the diameter of 0.061-0.08 mm is a large spherical hole 25; the thickness of the pipe body 1 is 0.26-6 mm, and the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe body 1 is 0.06-0.1 mm.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ultra-thin heat pipe of porous capillary core of gradient ordered pore, includes body (1), body (1) is the flat tube structure of rectangle for the cross-section, its characterized in that:
at least two porous capillary cores (2) arranged along the axial direction of the tube body are arranged in the tube body (1), and a plurality of steam channels (3) are separated from the porous capillary cores (2) in the tube body (1);
the porous capillary core (2) is a metal capillary core structure with a plurality of pores inside, spherical pores (21) are distributed in the porous capillary core (2), and circular pores (22) are formed at the joint of adjacent spherical pores (21).
2. The ultrathin heat pipe with gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick of claim 1, wherein:
the spherical holes (21) distributed in the porous capillary core (2) are all spherical holes (21) with the same diameter, and a single spherical hole (21) is communicated with twelve adjacent spherical holes (21) through a circular pore (22).
3. The ultrathin heat pipe with gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick of claim 1, wherein:
the diameters of the spherical holes (21) distributed in the porous capillary core (2) are gradually reduced from the middle layer to the top layer and the bottom layer, the spherical holes (21) in the middle layer of the porous capillary core (2) are medium-sized spherical holes (24) with the same diameter, the spherical holes (21) in the top layer and the bottom layer of the porous capillary core (2) are small-sized spherical holes (23) with the same diameter, the small-sized spherical holes (23) are communicated with four adjacent medium-sized spherical holes (24) through circular holes (22), and the medium-sized spherical holes (24) are communicated with eight adjacent medium-sized spherical holes (24) through the circular holes (22).
4. The ultrathin heat pipe with gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick of claim 1, wherein:
the diameters of the spherical holes (21) distributed in the porous capillary core (2) are in ordered gradient change from the upper layer to the lower layer, and the ordered gradient change is that the diameters are gradually reduced from the upper layer to the lower layer or gradually increased from the upper layer to the lower layer.
5. The ultrathin heat pipe with gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick of claim 4, wherein:
the diameter of the spherical holes (21) distributed in the porous capillary core (2) is gradually reduced from the upper layer to the lower layer, the spherical holes (21) at the top layer of the porous capillary core (2) are large spherical holes (25) with the same diameter, the spherical holes (21) at the middle layer of the porous capillary core (2) are medium spherical holes (24) with the same diameter, the spherical holes (21) at the bottom layer of the porous capillary core (2) are small spherical holes (23) with the same diameter, the lower end of each large spherical hole (25) is communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent medium spherical holes (24) through a circular pore (22), and the lower end of each medium spherical hole (24) is communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent small spherical holes (23) through the circular pore (22).
6. The ultrathin heat pipe with gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick of claim 4, wherein:
the diameter of the spherical holes (21) distributed in the porous capillary core (2) is gradually increased from the upper layer to the lower layer, the spherical holes (21) at the top layer of the porous capillary core (2) are small spherical holes (23) with the same diameter, the spherical holes (21) at the middle layer of the porous capillary core (2) are medium spherical holes (24) with the same diameter, the spherical holes (21) at the bottom layer of the porous capillary core (2) are large spherical holes (25) with the same diameter, the lower ends of the small spherical holes (23) are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent medium spherical holes (24) through circular holes (22), and the lower ends of the medium spherical holes (24) are communicated with the upper ends of the four adjacent large spherical holes (25) through the circular holes (22).
7. The ultrathin gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick heat pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:
the diameter of the spherical hole (21) is 0.02-0.08mm, the spherical hole (21) with the diameter of 0.02-0.04 mm is a small spherical hole (23), the spherical hole (21) with the diameter of 0.021-0.06 mm is a medium spherical hole (24), and the spherical hole (21) with the diameter of 0.061-0.08 mm is a large spherical hole (25);
the thickness of the pipe body 1 is 0.26-6 mm, and the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe body 1 is 0.06-0.1 mm.
8. The ultrathin heat pipe with gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick of claim 7, wherein:
an outer steam channel (3) is formed between the porous capillary core (2) and the side wall of the tube body (1), an inner steam channel (4) is formed between the adjacent porous capillary core (2) and the tube wall of the tube body (1), and the width of the outer steam channel (3) is larger than or equal to that of the inner steam channel (4).
9. The ultrathin heat pipe with gradient ordered pore porous capillary wick of claim 8, wherein:
the tube body (1) and the porous capillary core (2) are both made of microalloyed copper alloy materials with high strength and high thermal conductivity.
10. A method of manufacturing a gradient ordered pore porous wick ultra-thin heat pipe according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that:
the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing a porous capillary core, arranging polystyrene colloid balls with the diameter of 0.02-0.08mm into a layered ordered array by utilizing the self-assembly characteristic, performing point contact between adjacent spheres, sintering the arranged colloid ball model to enlarge the contact points between the adjacent spheres into a contact surface due to particle coalescence, obtaining a sintered template after sintering treatment, electrodepositing a copper alloy material in gaps of the obtained sintered template, and finally immersing the model after electrodeposition into an organic solvent to selectively dissolve the colloid balls in an organic solvent bath to obtain a copper-based gradient ordered pore porous dielectric layer;
the second step is that: reducing the head and the tail, namely reducing the diameter of one end of a copper pipe with the diameter of n millimeters from n millimeters to 0.4n-0.6n millimeters, wherein the end is the head end of the copper pipe, and the other end of the copper pipe is the tail end; putting the gradient ordered pore porous medium layer obtained in the first step into a copper pipe from the tail end of the copper pipe, and welding the ordered pore porous medium layer to the copper pipe in a reduced vacuum environment at 850 ℃ by adopting a resistance welding method, wherein the reduced vacuum environment contains 95% of nitrogen and 5% of hydrogen; then, extending a milling cutter into the copper pipe from the tail end to cut off part of the porous medium layer according to different requirements, forming a porous capillary core (2) with gradient ordered pores on the residual porous medium layer, finally reducing the diameter of the tail end of the copper pipe from n millimeters to 0.4n-0.6n millimeters, cutting off the redundant pipe at the tail part, and then packaging and welding the tail end of the heat pipe;
the third step: annealing and filling, namely placing the copper pipe obtained in the second step in a reduced vacuum environment at the temperature of 600 ℃ for annealing for two hours, wherein the reduced vacuum environment contains 95% of nitrogen and 5% of hydrogen; then taking out the annealed copper pipe, filling distilled water without impurities into the copper pipe, wherein the filling ratio of the distilled water is 80-140%, then carrying out vacuum-pumping treatment on the copper pipe, pumping most of non-condensable gas in the copper pipe, then sealing and welding the head end of the copper pipe to maintain a higher vacuum environment in the copper pipe, heating the tail end of the copper pipe to 60-80 ℃, and keeping the heating time to be 0.5-4 hours, so that the non-condensable gas is slowly gathered at the head end of the copper pipe;
the fourth step: and (3) sealing and bending, flattening and forming, namely putting the copper pipe with the non-condensable gas gathered at the head end obtained in the fourth step into a vacuum environment for cutting, removing the head end pipe section with the non-condensable gas gathered from the copper pipe, ensuring the operation of the pipe in an ultrahigh vacuum state, packaging and welding the head end of the heat pipe again, bending and flattening the copper pipe to a set thickness as required, maintaining the heat pipe at 105 and 110 ℃ when flattening the heat pipe, preventing the heat pipe from generating wrinkles when flattening the heat pipe, obtaining the ultrathin heat pipe at the moment, and finishing the manufacturing of the ultrathin heat pipe.
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| CN114184072A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-15 | 深圳市顺熵科技有限公司 | Liquid absorption core preparation method and heat pipe comprising liquid absorption core |
| CN114593625A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-07 | 武汉大学 | Evaporation phase change heat transfer component based on gel decoupling drive and application thereof |
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| US20070089860A1 (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-04-26 | Foxconn Technology Co., Ltd. | Heat pipe with sintered powder wick |
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| CN111076589A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Ultrathin heat pipe with gradient capillary core structure |
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| CN114184072A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-15 | 深圳市顺熵科技有限公司 | Liquid absorption core preparation method and heat pipe comprising liquid absorption core |
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| CN114593625A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-07 | 武汉大学 | Evaporation phase change heat transfer component based on gel decoupling drive and application thereof |
| CN114593625B (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-12-16 | 武汉大学 | Evaporation phase change heat transfer component based on gel decoupling driving and application thereof |
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