CN114250496A - 一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料 - Google Patents
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910017384 Fe3Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003717 electrochemical co-deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007709 nanocrystallization Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
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Abstract
本发明涉及合金制备领域,具体涉及一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料,所述金属材料的上表面设有镍合金化Fe3Si复合层,其余表面梯度纳米化,所述镍合金化Fe3Si复合层中内含有纳米Y2O3颗粒,所述铁镍合金占复合金属材料主体重量的25~30%。本发明通过引入纳米Y2O3颗粒可以细化Fe3Si的晶粒,并使得其组织均匀化,从而使得所得的镍合金化Fe3Si复合层具有优良的力学性能、耐蚀性、耐磨性和抗氧化性;通过金属材料表面的梯度纳米化处理,在其内部形成了包含梯度晶粒,梯度位错和梯度孪晶的梯度混合结构,不仅显著提高材料屈服强度,同时还使其保持良好的塑性和稳定的加工硬化,抑制了裂纹的产生。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及合金制备领域,具体涉及一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料。
背景技术
现代科学技术对现代新型材料的强韧 性,导电、导热性,耐高温性,耐磨性等性能都提出了越来越高的要求。金属基复合材料(metal matrix composites)是以金属及其合金为基体,与一种或几种金属或非金属增强相人工结合成的复合材料。与传统的金属材料相比, 金属基复合材料具有较高的比强度与比刚度,而与高分子基材料相比,它又具有优良的导电性和耐热性,与陶瓷材料相比,它有具有较好的韧性和较高的抗冲击性能。这些优良的性能决定了它从诞生之日起就成了新材料家庭中的重要一员,应用领域逐步扩大。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料,其具有优良的良好的力学性能、延展性、耐蚀性、耐磨性和抗氧化性。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:
一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料,包括金属材料,所述金属材料的上表面设有镍合金化Fe3Si复合层,其余表面梯度纳米化,所述镍合金化Fe3Si复合层中内含有纳米Y2O3颗粒,所述铁镍合金占复合金属材料主体重量的25~30%。
进一步地,所述镍合金化Fe3Si复合层的厚度为6~8μm,内添加SiC颗粒。
进一步地,所述纳米Y2O3颗粒的加入量占镍合金化Fe3Si复合层重量的0.3%~0.6%。
进一步地,利用高能喷丸技术或采用表面机械滚压技术对金属材料进行表面梯度纳米化处理。
进一步地,制备时,将完成表面梯度纳米化处理的金属材料进行表面机械整平、除油预处理,以得到表面光滑、平整、有金属光泽及无油污、无锈蚀物附着、无明显氧化层的洁净表面,再进行电化学共沉积制备得到设定厚度的复合镀层,复合镀层的镀液组成为:NiSO4·6H2O 250~350g/L,NiCl2·6H2O 30~50g/L,H3BO3 30~40g/L,十二烷基硫酸钠0.1~0.2g/L,SiC颗粒5~20g/L,纳米Y2O3颗粒0.3%~0.6%;控制pH 3.8~5.4,搅拌器转速300~600r/min,阴极电流密度1~5A/cm2,镀覆温度30~50℃,覆膜结束后,将电镀好的金属材料包埋在熔盐内,采用熔盐渗制制备镍合金化Fe3Si复合层。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
通过引入纳米Y2O3颗粒可以细化Fe3Si的晶粒,并使得其组织均匀化,从而使得所得的镍合金化Fe3Si复合层具有优良的力学性能、耐蚀性、耐磨性和抗氧化性;通过金属材料表面的梯度纳米化处理,在其内部形成了包含梯度晶粒,梯度位错和梯度孪晶的梯度混合结构,不仅显著提高材料屈服强度,同时还使其保持良好的塑性和稳定的加工硬化,抑制了裂纹的产生,基于此,获得了一种具有优良的良好的力学性能、延展性、耐蚀性、耐磨性和抗氧化性的复合金属材料。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料,包括AZ31B镁合金,所述AZ31B镁合金的上表面设有镍合金化Fe3Si复合层,其余表面利用高能喷丸技术进行梯度纳米化处理,所述镍合金化Fe3Si复合层中内含有纳米Y2O3颗粒,所述铁镍合金占复合金属材料主体重量的25~30%。所述镍合金化Fe3Si复合层的厚度为6~8μm,制备时,先对金属材料进行表面机械整平、除油预处理,以得到表面光滑、平整、有金属光泽及无油污、无锈蚀物附着、无明显氧化层的洁净表面,再进行电化学共沉积制备得到设定厚度的复合镀层,复合镀层的镀液组成为:NiSO4·6H2O 250~350g/L,NiCl2·6H2O 30~50g/L,H3BO3 30~40g/L,十二烷基硫酸钠0.1~0.2g/L,SiC颗粒5~20g/L,纳米Y2O3颗粒0.3%~0.6%;控制pH 3.8~5.4,搅拌器转速300~600r/min,阴极电流密度1~5A/cm2,镀覆温度30~50℃,覆膜结束后,将电镀好的金属材料包埋在熔盐内,采用熔盐渗制制备镍合金化Fe3Si复合层。
实施例2
一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料,包括GH4169合金,所述GH4169合金的上表面设有镍合金化Fe3Si复合层,其余表面利用高能喷丸技术进行梯度纳米化处理,所述镍合金化Fe3Si复合层中内含有纳米Y2O3颗粒,所述铁镍合金占复合金属材料主体重量的25~30%。所述镍合金化Fe3Si复合层的厚度为6~8μm,制备时,先对金属材料进行表面机械整平、除油预处理,以得到表面光滑、平整、有金属光泽及无油污、无锈蚀物附着、无明显氧化层的洁净表面,再进行电化学共沉积制备得到设定厚度的复合镀层,复合镀层的镀液组成为:NiSO4·6H2O 250~350g/L,NiCl2·6H2O 30~50g/L,H3BO3 30~40g/L,十二烷基硫酸钠0.1~0.2g/L,SiC颗粒5~20g/L,纳米Y2O3颗粒0.3%~0.6%;控制pH 3.8~5.4,搅拌器转速300~600r/min,阴极电流密度1~5A/cm2,镀覆温度30~50℃,覆膜结束后,将电镀好的金属材料包埋在熔盐内,采用熔盐渗制制备镍合金化Fe3Si复合层。。
实施例3
一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料,包括2Cr13不锈钢,所述2Cr13不锈钢的上表面设有镍合金化Fe3Si复合层,其余表面采用表面机械滚压处理进行梯度纳米化处理,所述镍合金化Fe3Si复合层中内含有纳米Y2O3颗粒,所述铁镍合金占复合金属材料主体重量的25~30%。所述镍合金化Fe3Si复合层的厚度为6~8μm,制备时,先对金属材料进行表面机械整平、除油预处理,以得到表面光滑、平整、有金属光泽及无油污、无锈蚀物附着、无明显氧化层的洁净表面,再进行电化学共沉积制备得到设定厚度的复合镀层,复合镀层的镀液组成为:NiSO4·6H2O 250~350g/L,NiCl2·6H2O 30~50g/L,H3BO3 30~40g/L,十二烷基硫酸钠0.1~0.2g/L,SiC颗粒5~20g/L,纳米Y2O3颗粒0.3%~0.6%;控制pH 3.8~5.4,搅拌器转速300~600r/min,阴极电流密度1~5A/cm2,镀覆温度30~50℃,覆膜结束后,将电镀好的金属材料包埋在熔盐内,采用熔盐渗制制备镍合金化Fe3Si复合层。
经检测方法,实施例1-实施例3所得的力学性能稳定的复合金属材料的力学性能、延展性、耐蚀性、耐磨性和抗氧化性均较原始金属材料有显著的提升(P<0.01)。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。
Claims (5)
1.一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料,包括金属材料,其特征在于:所述金属材料的上表面设有镍合金化Fe3Si复合层,其余表面梯度纳米化,所述镍合金化Fe3Si复合层中内含有纳米Y2O3颗粒,所述铁镍合金占复合金属材料主体重量的25~30%。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料,其特征在于:所述镍合金化Fe3Si复合层的厚度为6~8μm,内添加SiC颗粒。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料,其特征在于:所述纳米Y2O3颗粒的加入量占镍合金化Fe3Si复合层重量的0.3%~0.6%。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料,其特征在于:利用高能喷丸技术或采用表面机械滚压技术对金属材料进行表面梯度纳米化处理。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种力学性能稳定的复合金属材料,其特征在于:制备时,将完成表面梯度纳米化处理的金属材料进行表面机械整平、除油预处理,以得到表面光滑、平整、有金属光泽及无油污、无锈蚀物附着、无明显氧化层的洁净表面,再进行电化学共沉积制备得到设定厚度的复合镀层,复合镀层的镀液组成为:NiSO4·6H2O 250~350g/L,NiCl2·6H2O 30~50g/L,H3BO3 30~40g/L,十二烷基硫酸钠0.1~0.2g/L,SiC颗粒5~20g/L,纳米Y2O3颗粒0.3%~0.6%;控制pH 3.8~5.4,搅拌器转速300~600r/min,阴极电流密度1~5A/cm2,镀覆温度30~50℃,覆膜结束后,将电镀好的金属材料包埋在熔盐内,采用熔盐渗制制备镍合金化Fe3Si复合层。
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