CN114249142A

CN114249142A - Multi-channel warehouse allocation container packing equipment and method

Info

Publication number: CN114249142A
Application number: CN202210022194.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙丁丁; 栗伟; 袁华; 刘竞雄
Original assignee: Zhongmei Kegong Intelligent Storage Technology Co ltd; Tiandi Science and Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhongmei Kegong Intelligent Storage Technology Co ltd; Tiandi Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-10
Filing date: 2022-01-10
Publication date: 2022-03-29

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-channel warehouse matching container packing device and method, which comprises a packing building structural frame provided with a plurality of packing positions, wherein the packing building structural frame is sequentially arranged from top to bottom: the device comprises a belt conveyor head, a material distributor capable of horizontally reciprocating, a plurality of conical storage bins capable of storing at least two container material quantities, discharge gates matched with the storage bins, sliding pipes corresponding to the discharge gates and capable of stretching up and down, and a box turnover machine corresponding to the sliding pipes. According to the invention, the material distributing machine at the top end is used for distributing materials to the plurality of storage bins, so that one high-speed belt conveyor can distribute materials to the plurality of storage bins, the efficiency of the belt conveyor is improved, the telescopic chute can be stretched to the bottom of the box, the impact force of blanking is relieved, and the crushing rate of fragile materials such as coke is reduced. The application of various sensors realizes the automation of the whole loading process, reduces the problems of accidents, material scattering and the like caused by human errors, and improves the loading efficiency.

Description

Multi-channel warehouse allocation container packing equipment and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a multi-channel warehouse allocation container loading device and a method, which are a transportation loading device and a technological process, and are an automatic loading device and a technological method for transporting coke by a railway.

Background

Conventional bulk cargo (e.g., grain, sand, coal, ore, etc.) is typically handled directly, i.e., in the natural state of the cargo, in the cargo containers of transportation vehicles such as cars, cabins, etc. The mode causes no small trouble to the transportation process needing to be transported, particularly, the transportation of vehicles and ships needs long loading and unloading time, and meanwhile, the mode often pollutes the freight container, so that the freight container needs to be thoroughly cleaned when being refitted into other goods, and the time is wasted and the environment is polluted. Along with the change of transportation modes, the container transportation of bulk cargos becomes the mainstream, namely, the bulk cargos are loaded in a standard container, the bulk cargos can be rapidly transported in a conventional container transportation mode, and meanwhile, the cargos are kept clean and single, and the mixing is avoided.

The conventional loading mode of bulk materials in a container usually adopts a traditional automatic loading station mode. Such conventional loading stations load containers with problems. The container is loaded much less at one time compared with the whole carriage, the loading efficiency is reduced by frequent loading-stopping cycles, and the efficiency is higher when the material loading capacity of the traditional automatic loading station is larger. Because the single container is loaded, the loading efficiency is low, the container is in a state of being horizontal in the longitudinal direction like a carriage when being loaded, the length and the width of the top opening of the container are large, the whole opening is difficult to be completely filled with bulk goods, and even if the container is manually paved, when the box door at the top end is closed, a plurality of gaps are formed between materials and a top plate, so that the loading capacity is influenced. How to improve the loading efficiency and fill the container as much as possible is a problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a multi-channel matching bin container packing device and a method. The equipment and the method adopt a plurality of loading channels, and adopt a mode of recycling conveying and turning boxes, and the loading efficiency is improved by simultaneously loading and vertically filling the channels.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a multi-channel, matched bin container vanning apparatus comprising: be equipped with the vanning building structure frame of a plurality of vanning positions, vanning building structure frame from the top down sets gradually: band conveyer's aircraft nose, can horizontal reciprocating motion's cloth machine, a plurality of storage silos that can store two at least container material volume's the taper type, with each storage silo matched with gate of unloading, with each gate of unloading correspond can flexible elephant trunk from top to bottom, with the case turner that each elephant trunk corresponds, cloth machine on be equipped with position sensor, each the storage silo in be equipped with level sensor, each the gate of unloading be equipped with aperture sensor, each elephant trunk bottom be equipped with the windrow sensor, each the case turner on be equipped with case turner sensor and weighing sensor, position sensor, each level sensor, each sensor of unloading, each aperture sensor, each case turner sensor, each weighing sensor and central controller be connected, central controller and band conveyer controller, The material distributing machine controller, each unloading gate controller, each sliding pipe controller and each box turnover machine controller are connected.

Further, the cloth machine include: the trolley is arranged on the track above the conical storage bins and provided with rollers and can run on the track, and the trolley is provided with a belt conveyor or a scraper conveyor for distributing materials to the conical storage bins.

Further, the box turnover machine comprises: fix the bracket on ground through the lower margin, bracket and upset support and upset power cylinder hinged joint, the upset support on be equipped with weighing sensor and a plurality of container latch fitting.

Furthermore, the power cylinder is one of an air cylinder, an oil cylinder and an electric cylinder.

Further, the box turnover machine further comprises: observation platform and pull rod.

A method for loading multi-channel matched containers by using the loading equipment, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, obtaining loading information: the central controller obtains the number and total packing amount of the containers to be loaded, the types of the containers and the loading capacity of each container, and formulates a loading plan;

step 2, distributing materials for each storage bin: the central controller starts the belt conveyor and adjusts the material conveying amount through the belt conveyor controller, the belt conveyor conveys materials into the material distributor, the material distributor positions each storage bin through a position sensor according to a loading plan and distributes materials to each storage bin, the material distributor can discharge materials at two ends, and the material distributor can align the two ends of a trolley to different storage bins through reciprocating walking to discharge materials; in the material discharging process, the material level sensors in the storage bins feed back the material amount in the bins to the central controller in real time, and the central controller adjusts the position of the material distributor according to the material amount;

step 3, positioning the container: the container transfer trolley conveys the container to be loaded with materials horizontally to a turning support of a box turnover machine and locks the container, and a box turnover sensor informs a central controller that the container is fixed on the box turnover support and is in a horizontal state, so that the container turnover operation can be carried out;

step 4, turning: turning the container by 90 degrees, changing the container from horizontal to vertical, opening a container door, and informing a central controller of the readiness of container loading by a container turning sensor;

step 5, extending out the chute: the central controller starts the chute to extend downwards until the chute extends to be close to the bottom of the container and feeds back the chute to the central controller;

step 6, quantitative discharging: after the central controller receives the information that the chute is close to the bottom of the container, the unloading gate is opened to the maximum, the blanking starts, once the stacking sensor at the bottom of the chute sends out that the materials are close to the outlet of the chute, the central control chamber retracts a section of chute, the chute gradually retracts along with the increase of the material pile along with the increase of the materials in the container, meanwhile, the weighing sensor continuously monitors the weight increment of the materials in the container, when the height of the materials in the container is close to the height of the container opening, or the weighing material amount is close to the planned material discharge amount, the central controller reduces the opening of the unloading gate, monitors and controls the opening of the unloading gate through the opening sensor until the container is full or the planned material charge amount is reached, and the batching is finished;

and 7, finishing boxing: closing the box door, turning the upright container into a horizontal state by the box turnover machine, releasing the locking of the container and the turning support, waiting for the full container to be transported away from the container loading position by the container transport vehicle, and finishing a container loading process;

and 3-7, synchronously performing the boxing positions, and coordinating the working states of the boxing positions by the central controller to perform a plurality of boxing processes synchronously.

The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the material distributing machine at the top end is used for distributing materials to the plurality of storage bins, so that one high-speed belt conveyor can distribute materials to the plurality of storage bins, the efficiency of the belt conveyor is improved, the telescopic chute can be stretched to the bottom of the box, the impact force of blanking is relieved, and the crushing rate of fragile materials such as coke is reduced. The application of various sensors realizes the automation of the whole loading process, reduces the problems of accidents, material scattering and the like caused by human errors, and improves the loading efficiency. The invention can be carried out fully automatically, and can also be directly controlled by personnel to complete the loading of a single container, thereby being suitable for various container loading requirements.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first and a second boxing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a control schematic block diagram of the boxing apparatus in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third and fifth box turnover machine according to the embodiment of the invention, wherein the container is in a horizontal state, and a view is shown in a direction a in fig. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third and fifth container turnover machine according to the embodiment of the invention, wherein the container is in a vertical state and is seen from the direction B in fig. 1;

fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows:

the embodiment is a multi-channel matching bin container packing device, as shown in figure 1. The embodiment comprises the following steps: be equipped with vanning building structural frame 1 (taking four vanning positions as an example) of a plurality of vanning positions, vanning building structural frame sets gradually from the top down: band conveyer's aircraft nose 2, can horizontal reciprocating motion's cloth machine 3, a plurality of conical storage silo 4 that can save two at least container inventory, with each conical storage silo matched with discharge gate 5, with each discharge gate correspond can flexible elephant trunk 6 from top to bottom, with the case turner 7 that each elephant trunk corresponds, the cloth machine on be equipped with position sensor 8, each conical storage silo in be equipped with level sensor 9, each discharge gate be equipped with aperture sensor 10, each elephant trunk bottom be equipped with windrow sensor 11, each case turner on be equipped with and turn over case sensor 12 and weighing sensor 13, position sensor, each level sensor, each discharge sensor, each aperture sensor, each turn over case sensor, each weighing sensor and central controller be connected, central controller and band conveyer controller, each turn over case sensor, each weighing sensor and central controller be connected, The material distributing machine controller, each unloading gate controller, each sliding pipe controller and each box turnover machine controller are connected, as shown in fig. 2, and fig. 1 and 2 show a box packing building structure and a control schematic diagram with four box packing positions in a group.

The boxing equipment can be applied to freight places such as coal mines, train freight places and wharfs, and can pour accumulated bulk materials such as wheat, soybeans, coal, coke and the like into a container to form a module convenient to transport, so that the transport efficiency is improved.

The structure frame of the container building in this embodiment may be a group of four container positions, as shown in fig. 1, and may be installed in a row by four group of container positions to form a multi-channel container loading line of eight, twelve, sixteen, etc.

The feeder in the belt conveyor material accumulation field is matched with the material distributor to convey materials to the material distributor. The belt conveyor can be a belt conveyor adjusted in a frequency conversion mode, so that the conveying capacity can be flexibly adjusted, sufficient materials can be kept in each storage bin, and overflow is avoided.

The distributing machine can be a belt conveyor or a scraper conveyor and is matched with a trolley capable of running on the track, so that the distributing machine can distribute materials to a plurality of storage bins. The spreader can also be formed with a skip or the like.

The conical storage bin is actually formed into a funnel shape, and the conical storage bin is used for facilitating the material to flow from top to bottom. The storage bin is usually used for storing the material quantity of two containers, and the general standard is

The discharging gate and the slide pipe can realize the opening and closing of the gate or the telescopic action of the slide pipe by using a motor or hydraulic, pneumatic and other modes.

The box turnover machine has the functions of vertically turning a horizontal container by 90 degrees, and then opening a door of the container to enable a chute to extend into the container through the door. The container turnover machine can turn up the container in an electric cylinder, hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure and other modes. In order to conveniently open and close the box door, an operation platform or a mechanical arm can be arranged.

The position sensor arranged on the distributing machine and the opening sensor arranged on each discharging gate can adopt sensors for displaying positions, such as Hall elements, electromagnetic induction elements and the like. The level sensors and the stockpiling sensors arranged at the chute ports can adopt laser radars or infrared sensors. The box turnover sensors arranged on the box turnover machine can adopt electromagnetic induction or photoelectric angular displacement sensors. Each weighing sensor may use standard weighing apparatus such as an electronic scale.

The central controller, the material distributor controller, each unloading gate controller, each slide pipe controller and each box turnover controller can adopt electronic devices with storage and program operation functions, such as an industrial PC, an embedded system, a PLC and the like.

Example two:

the present embodiment is an improvement of the first embodiment, and is a refinement of the first embodiment on a material distributor, where the material distributor includes: a track 301 arranged above the conical storage bins, and a trolley 303 which is provided with rollers 302 and can run on the track, wherein the trolley is provided with a belt conveyor or a scraper 304 for distributing materials to the conical storage bins, as shown in fig. 1.

The track described in this embodiment can be made of light steel rails or channel steel, section steel with a circular cross section, and the like. The rollers of the trolley can be driven by a motor, and the belt conveyor or the scraper conveyor can be driven by a variable frequency motor to realize more accurate feeding.

Example three:

the present embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment regarding a box turnover machine, where the box turnover machine described in the present embodiment includes: a bracket 701 fixed on the ground by feet, the bracket being hinged to a turning bracket 702 and a turning cylinder 703, the turning bracket being provided with a weighing sensor and a plurality of container locks 704, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.

The box turnover machine is fixed on the ground by using foundation bolts, so that the stability in the box turnover operation can be kept, and the turnover is avoided. The container turnover machine mainly has two states, namely a horizontal state (figure 3) and a vertical state (figure 4) of a container (indicated by a double-dot chain line in figures 1-4), wherein the container is in a transportation state when being horizontally arranged, and is in a packing state when being vertically arranged.

The hinge of the turning support and the bracket can be arranged at one sixth of the bottom surface (lying state) of the container, so that the container can rotate around the hinge rotating shaft in the turning process stably.

The power for pushing the turnover support to turn up can adopt the form of a telescopic supporting rod, and the telescopic supporting rod can adopt a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder and the like.

The container locking piece is automatically locked or unlocked in an electric or hydraulic mode and the like.

Example four:

the present embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment regarding a power cylinder, and the power cylinder described in the present embodiment is one of an air cylinder, an oil cylinder, and an electric cylinder.

The oil cylinder is a hydraulic cylinder, the power is strong, the technology is mature, the defect is that the oil cylinder needs to be supported by a hydraulic station, and if the power of the whole loading equipment is transmitted by hydraulic transmission, the hydraulic station of the loading equipment can be directly used.

The electric cylinder or the electric support rod has the advantages that the power source is a power source, the installation is simple, and the electric cylinder or the electric support rod has great advantages.

Example five:

the present embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment regarding a box turnover machine, where the box turnover machine described in the present embodiment further includes: a viewing platform 705 and a drawbar 706, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.

The observation platform has the effects that the observation platform can be directly used for manually operating the box loading by operators, and the observation platform is kept in a horizontal state by the pull rod, so that the operators or the mechanical hands can open and close the box door conveniently.

Example six:

the embodiment is a method for loading the multi-channel matched warehouse container by using the loading equipment in the embodiment.

The method firstly obtains various information required by boxing, including the type of materials, the quantity of the boxed materials each time, whether the boxed materials are full or boxed according to a certain amount and the like. Or the materials in the box can be directly packed without acquiring specific information, and the material amount in the box is calibrated only in the packing process through the modes of field weighing and the like.

At the beginning of the packing process, the material is first conveyed from the yard to the top floor of the loading building by a material taking system, which usually includes a feeder and a belt conveyor. The belt conveyor sends the materials to the material distributing machine on the top floor of the packing building, each material distributing machine can distribute the materials to a plurality of storage bins through walking, forward rotation and reverse rotation, as shown in fig. 1, one material distributing machine corresponds to four small-capacity storage bins, and the materials capable of containing about two containers can be buffered (60 tons for standard containers loaded with coal).

The material level sensor arranged on the upper part of each storage bin can detect the height of the material in the storage bin in real time, and then the weight of the material in the bin is obtained through calculation. The discharging gate arranged at the lower part of each storage bin and the opening sensor arranged on the discharging gate can adjust the opening of the discharging gate according to the real-time boxing condition so as to achieve accurate boxing.

When the unloading process starts, the chute can be extended into the bottom of the container along the lower edge, the height of the materials is monitored in real time by the stockpiling sensor arranged at the bottom of the chute along with the increase of the materials, and the chute is driven to slowly retract by the controller until the container is filled with enough preset weight, and the chute retracts completely.

The container turnover machine is provided with a turnover sensor and a weighing sensor, can reflect the placing state of the container and accurately weigh the weight of the container. When the container is turned to be in a vertical state, the box door on the end face of one end faces upwards, so that the chute can conveniently extend into the container. Because the area of the end face (top face) is much smaller than that of the top face when the container is in a vertical state and is horizontal, after the container is filled with materials, the top of the material pile basically does not need to be raked, the filling effect can be achieved, and in the process of boxing, the box body can be completely fixed, so the boxing efficiency is greatly improved.

The method of this embodiment includes the following specific steps (the flow is shown in fig. 5):

step 1, obtaining loading information: the central controller obtains the quantity and total packing quantity of the containers to be loaded, the types of the containers and the loading capacity of each container, and formulates a loading plan.

The weight of the bulk materials is the most common standard amount in actual commercial activities, so the actual weight of the bulk materials filled in a container needs to be calculated, and therefore, the calculation of the container loading needs to be calculated in advance according to the material properties and other factors.

Step 2, distributing materials for each storage bin: the central controller starts the belt conveyor and adjusts the material conveying amount through the belt conveyor controller, the belt conveyor conveys materials into the material distributor, the material distributor positions each storage bin through a position sensor according to a loading plan and distributes materials to each storage bin, the material distributor can discharge materials at two ends, and the material distributor can align the two ends of a trolley to different storage bins through reciprocating walking to discharge materials; in the material discharging process, the material level sensors in the storage bins feed back the material amount in the bins to the central controller in real time, and the central controller adjusts the position of the material distributor according to the material amount.

Taking four stations as an example in fig. 1, two ends of a reversible belt (or a scraper) which can reciprocate by a distributing machine (two positions are expressed by dotted lines and solid lines in fig. 1) correspond to two distributing positions, position sensors arranged on a track and a trolley upload the position of the trolley to a central controller, and the central controller controls a walking motor according to the distributing requirements to stop the trolley at the 1 st, 3 rd, 2 nd and 4 th bin positions and forward or reverse the trolley as required to distribute materials to a storage bin. The specific positions are as follows:

material distribution position 1: two ends of the belt respectively correspond to No. 2 and No. 4 bins (see figure 1, the position of a solid line of the trolley), the belt distributes materials for the No. 4 bin (the chain line in the figure 1 represents the material distribution), and the belt distributes materials for the No. 2 bin when the belt rotates reversely;

material distribution position 2: the two ends of the belt correspond to the No. 1 and No. 3 bins respectively (see the dotted line position of the trolley in figure 1), the belt distributes materials for the No. 3 bins in positive rotation, and the belt distributes materials for the No. 1 bins in negative rotation.

Step 3, positioning the container: the container transfer trolley conveys the container to be loaded with materials horizontally to a turning support of a box turnover machine and locks the container, and the box turnover sensor informs a central controller that the container is fixed on the box turnover support and is in a horizontal state, so that the box turnover operation can be carried out.

The container is normally horizontally placed (as shown in fig. 1, the container state under bin No. 2 and 4, and as shown by the two-dot chain line, the container), that is: the long axis of the container (the longest distance line between each opposite end surfaces of the container) is arranged at the horizontal or nearly horizontal, and the whole container body is in a horizontal state. In general, loading and unloading, transportation, and the like of a container are performed in a lying state, and the container is not usually erected. However, in order to fill the container with the bulk material as much as possible, the container is erected during the container loading (as in the container state under bin nos. 1 and 3 in fig. 1), which can both fill the container as much as possible and avoid the trouble of scraping (scraping the top end of the material pile) off. Before boxing, a horizontal container is hoisted by a container transfer trolley, the container transfer trolley is driven into a box turnover machine below a chute, and the horizontal container is placed on a turnover support of the box turnover machine. The container locking piece locks and fixes the container and the overturning support after the container is stably placed on the overturning support.

Step 4, turning: the container is turned over by 90 degrees, the container is turned from horizontal to vertical, the door of the container is opened, and the container turning sensor informs the central controller of the readiness of container loading.

The container is upright, namely the long axis of the container is in a state of 90 degrees or close to 90 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the door at the top end of the container is opened. The opening of the door of the container may be performed manually or by a robot. After the completion of the work, the central controller is informed that the emptying operation can be performed.

Step 5, extending out the chute: the central controller starts the chute to extend downwards until the chute extends to be close to the bottom of the container and feeds back to the central controller.

The function of the extension chute is to relieve the impact force of blanking and reduce the breakage rate of fragile materials (such as coke).

Step 6, quantitative discharging: the central controller receives the information that the chute is close to the bottom of the container, the unloading gate is opened to the maximum, the blanking starts, once the stacking sensor at the bottom of the chute sends out that the material is close to the chute outlet, the central control chamber retracts one section of chute, along with the increase of the materials in the container, the chute gradually retracts along with the increase of the material pile, meanwhile, the weighing sensor continuously monitors the weight increment of the materials in the container, when the height of the materials in the container is close to the height of the container opening, or the weighing material amount is close to reach the planned discharging amount, the central controller reduces the opening of the discharging gate, monitors and controls the opening of the discharging gate through the opening sensor until the container is full or the planned charging amount is reached, and the batching is finished.

The weighing sensor arranged on a container base platform of the box turnover machine can weigh the weight of a container, when the material is proportioned in a fixed weight mode, the central controller opens the discharging gate to be the largest, then the discharging gate is adjusted to a certain opening degree, the weighing sensor returns the real-time weight to the central control cavity device along with the falling of the material, the weight is continuously compared with the fixed weight (the pre-installed weight), the opening degree of the gate is gradually adjusted or reduced, and the central controller calculates by using PI and continuously adjusts the opening degree until the material is proportioned.

And 7, finishing boxing: and closing the box door, turning the upright container into a horizontal state by the box turnover machine, releasing the locking of the container and the turning support, waiting for the full container to be transported away from the container loading position by the container transport vehicle, and finishing a container loading process.

The steps of the embodiment can be completely automated to carry out a large amount of boxing operation without manual intervention; the loading of a single container can be completed by direct control of personnel, so that the container loading process can be flexibly applied and is suitable for various container loading requirements.

Finally, it should be noted that the above is only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention (such as the whole structure, the use of various components, the sequence of steps, etc.) can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel, matched bin container vanning apparatus comprising: be equipped with the vanning building structure frame of a plurality of vanning positions, vanning building structure frame from the top down sets gradually: the automatic material loading and unloading device is characterized in that the distributing machine is provided with a position sensor, each material level sensor, each unloading sensor, each opening sensor, each box overturning sensor and a weighing sensor, the position sensor, each material level sensor, each unloading sensor, each opening sensor, each box overturning sensor and each weighing sensor are connected with a central controller, and the central controller is connected with a belt conveyor controller, The material distributing machine controller, each unloading gate controller, each sliding pipe controller and each box turnover machine controller are connected.

2. A boxing apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said distributor comprises: the trolley is arranged on the track above the conical storage bins and provided with rollers and can run on the track, and the trolley is provided with a belt conveyor or a scraper conveyor for distributing materials to the conical storage bins.

3. The boxing apparatus of claim 2 wherein said box turnover machine comprises: fix the bracket on ground through the lower margin, bracket and upset support and upset power cylinder hinged joint, the upset support on be equipped with weighing sensor and a plurality of container latch fitting.

4. A boxing apparatus in accordance with claim 3, wherein the power cylinder is one of a pneumatic cylinder, an oil cylinder and an electric cylinder.

5. A boxing apparatus in accordance with claim 4, wherein said box turnover machine further comprises: observation platform and pull rod.

6. A method of loading multi-lane, matched-bin containers using the loading apparatus of claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: