CN114243050B - Depth gradually shallower flow field plate with liquid water self-adaptive flow guiding structure - Google Patents
Depth gradually shallower flow field plate with liquid water self-adaptive flow guiding structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114243050B CN114243050B CN202111178538.8A CN202111178538A CN114243050B CN 114243050 B CN114243050 B CN 114243050B CN 202111178538 A CN202111178538 A CN 202111178538A CN 114243050 B CN114243050 B CN 114243050B
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- self
- adaptive
- flow
- liquid water
- flow channel
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a depth gradually shallower flow field plate with a liquid water self-adaptive flow guiding structure, which comprises the following structures: and reactant inlets and outlets, a plurality of ridges and flow channels distributed on the flow field plate, and self-adaptive structures arranged on the grooves of the gradually shallower flow channels. When liquid water stored in the flow channel exists, the self-adaptive structures can absorb water and expand, the distance between every two adjacent self-adaptive structures is shortened, even the adjacent self-adaptive structures are attached together, and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel is reduced; when no liquid water is stored in the flow channel, the self-adaptive structure can evaporate the liquid water in the flow channel under the conditions of battery operation temperature and reactant purging, so that the flow channel has a larger cross-sectional area. The self-adaptive structure added by the invention can be changed in a self-adaptive way according to the change of the liquid water content in the flow channel, when the liquid water content is more, the flow speed of the reactant is accelerated, and the liquid water discharge can be accelerated; when the liquid water content is low, the two-phase flow resistance is low, and the pumping power consumption can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a depth gradually shallower flow field plate structure with a liquid water self-adaptive flow guiding structure.
Background
Hydrogen is a bridge connecting renewable energy and traditional fossil energy, and the future clean energy utilization and change prospect can be realized through the development and the utilization of hydrogen fuel cells.
The fuel cell has the advantages of reliable operation, cleanness, high efficiency, less harmful products of electrochemical reaction, simple operation and the like, has wide commercialized application prospect, and continuously breaks through core technology, so the fuel cell is regarded as one of the most promising energy power devices.
The flow field plate is one of important components of the fuel cell, and the design, manufacture and materials of the flow field plate directly affect the life, volume, cost, quality and the like of the cell, and the flow field plate is mainly used for distributing reaction gas, conducting electrons and discharging liquid water generated by reaction, so the flow field plate of the fuel cell must have better conductivity and drainage capability.
In order to improve the performance of the battery, a gradually shallow runner is designed, which can increase the oxygen concentration, promote mass transfer and accelerate liquid water discharge relative to a straight runner, but the shape and the size of the traditional gradually shallow runner are fixed, the traditional gradually shallow runner cannot adapt to variable working condition operation, and when no liquid water is accumulated in the runner, the flow resistance to two phases is larger, the pumping power consumption is more, so that the net power of the battery is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the self-adaptive structure capable of adaptively changing the liquid water content is added on the plane of the gradually shallower flow channel, so that the flow field can adapt to different working conditions, and the effect of improving the net power of the battery is achieved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a depth gradually shallower flow field plate with a liquid water self-adaptive structure, which is characterized in that: reactant inlets and outlets, and a plurality of ridges and flow channels are distributed on the flow field plate, and the self-adaptive structure is fixed in the grooves by glue.
Further, an adaptive structure is added in the gradually shallower flow channel, when liquid water stored in the flow channel exists, the adaptive structure absorbs water and expands, and the depth of the flow channel further gradually becomes shallower along the flowing direction of the reactant; when the accumulated liquid water is not present in the runner, the self-adaptive structure can be dehydrated and contracted under the condition of heating or blowing of the reaction gas at the running temperature of the battery, the cross section area of the runner is enlarged, and the runner is still a gradually shallower runner, so that the self-adaptive change of the depth of the gradually shallower runner to the content of the liquid water is realized.
Further, the self-adaptive structures are distributed on the same flow channel in a multi-section mode and are uniformly distributed, the length of the self-adaptive structures before water absorption is 1 mm-6 mm, and the width of the self-adaptive structures is 1/3-2/3 of the width of the flow channel.
Further, the projection of the adaptive structure on the flow channel plane is rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal or circular.
Further, the adaptive structure does not dissolve at the battery operating temperature.
Furthermore, the humidity-sensitive material used by the self-adaptive structure is harmless to the membrane electrode, and can reach water absorption saturation in 5 min-7 min in a water flooding environment, and the saturation linear expansion degree of water absorption is 50% -300% under the condition of 80 ℃.
Further, the flow channel plane is provided with a groove structure, and a part of the self-adaptive structure is a convex structure which is matched with the groove.
Further, the optimum dimensions of the groove structure in the flow channel: the length is 1 mm-2 mm, the width is 0.2 mm-0.3 mm, and the depth is 0.02 mm-0.2 mm.
Further, the adaptive structure is glued to the channel plane groove structure using glue that is not harmful to the membrane electrode.
Further, the adaptive structure is suitable for serpentine flow fields, bionic flow fields, parallel flow fields, combined flow fields and interdigitated flow fields.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the self-adaptive structure added by the invention can adaptively change according to the change of the liquid water content in the flow channel. When liquid water stored in the flow channel exists, the self-adaptive structure absorbs water and expands, so that the cross-sectional area of the gradually shallower flow channel is further reduced along the flowing direction of the reactant, the flow speed of the reactant is increased, and the discharge of the liquid water is accelerated; when no liquid water is stored in the flow channel, the two-phase flow resistance is smaller, and the pumping power consumption can be reduced. In addition, the adaptive structure can also direct the delivery of reactants to the diffusion layer.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a fuel cell flow field plate structure prior to water swelling of an adaptive structure;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a fuel cell flow field plate structure prior to water swelling of the adaptive structure;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the fuel cell flow field plate structure after saturation water swelling of the adaptive structure;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a fuel cell flow field plate structure after saturation water swelling of the adaptive structure;
FIG. 5 is a partial comparison graph of the area A adaptive structure before and after saturated water absorption expansion (left graph: before water absorption; right graph: after saturated water absorption);
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the fixation of the adaptive structure prior to water swelling;
in the figure: 1 reactant inlet, 2 reactant outlet, 3 flow channels, 4 ridges, 5 self-adaptive structure and 6 glue.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings and examples:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of adaptive structures 5 are arranged on the gradually shallower flow channel 3, so that the flow field has a certain liquid water adaptive capacity. Reactant flows into the flow channels 3 formed between the adjacent ridges 4 from the inlet 1, and when flowing through the adaptive structure 5, turbulence of air flow is increased, the reactant is guided to be transported to the gas diffusion layer, the reactant reaches the catalytic layer to perform electrochemical reaction, and generated liquid water flows into the flow channels 3 through the diffusion layer and flows out of the outlet 2 along with the reactant gas.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, when liquid water is stored in the flow passage 3, the self-adaptive structure 5 gradually expands by absorbing water, and the volume increases. After water absorption reaches saturation, adjacent self-adaptive structures 5 in each flow channel 3 are attached together, the cross section area of the gradually shallower flow channel 3 is further reduced, the concentration of reactants can be increased, the influence of concentration polarization is reduced, the flow velocity of the reactants is increased, and the discharge of liquid water is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 5, when there is no liquid water stored in the flow channel 3, the self-adaptive structure 5 evaporates the internal moisture under the conditions of the cell operation temperature and the reaction gas purge, so that the dehydration shrinkage is caused, and the cross-sectional area of the shallower flow channel becomes larger. Compared with the self-adaptive structure 5 after water absorption expansion, the two-phase flow resistance in the flow channel 3 is reduced. The self-adaptive change of the flow field to the liquid water content in the flow channel is realized through the water absorption expansion and the water absorption shrinkage of the self-adaptive structure 5, so that the output power and the net power of the fuel cell can be further increased on the basis of the original gradually shallower flow channel.
As shown in fig. 6, the plane of the gradually shallower flow channel 3 is provided with a groove structure, a part of the self-adapting structure 5 is a convex structure corresponding to the groove, the self-adapting structure 5 and the groove are pasted together by using glue 6 harmless to the membrane electrode, and the self-adapting structure 5 is fixed by using a mortise and tenon structure and the glue 6. In addition, all contact surfaces of the self-adaptive structure 5 and the groove are adhered by adopting the adhesive 6, so that a certain expansion limiting effect can be achieved on the self-adaptive structure 5 in the groove, and the self-adaptive structure exposed in the flow channel 3 is ensured to reach an ideal expansion size.
Claims (5)
1. A depth progressively shallower fuel cell flow field plate with liquid water adaptive structure, characterized in that: comprises a reactant inlet (1), a reactant outlet (2), a plurality of ridges (4) and flow channels (3) which are distributed on a flow field plate, and a self-adaptive structure (5) which is fixed in grooves of the flow channels (3) by glue (6); the flow channel (3) is a gradually shallower flow channel, and the depth of the flow channel (3) gradually becomes shallower along the flowing direction of the reactant; the self-adaptive structures (5) are arranged on the same flow channel (3) in a multi-section mode and are uniformly distributed, the length of each section before water absorption is 1 mm-6 mm, and the width of each section is 1/3-2/3 of the width of the flow channel; the adaptive structure (5) does not dissolve at the battery operating temperature; the humidity-sensitive material used by the self-adaptive structure (5) is harmless to the membrane electrode, and is saturated by water absorption within 5-7 min in a water flooding environment, and the saturated linear expansion degree of water absorption is 50% -300% under the condition of 80 ℃; the plane of the flow channel (3) is provided with a groove structure, and one part of the self-adaptive structure (5) is a convex structure which is matched with the groove; adding an adaptive structure (5) into the gradually shallower flow passage, and when liquid water stored in the flow passage (3) exists, the adaptive structure (5) absorbs water and expands, and after the water absorption reaches saturation, adjacent adaptive structures in each flow passage are attached together; the depth of the flow channel (3) is further gradually shallower along the flow direction of the reactant; when the accumulated liquid water is not present in the runner (3), the self-adaptive structure (5) can be dehydrated and contracted under the condition of heating or blowing of the reaction gas at the battery operating temperature, the cross section area of the runner (3) is increased, and the runner (3) is still a gradually shallower runner, so that the self-adaptive change of the depth of the gradually shallower runner to the liquid water content is realized.
2. A fuel cell flow field plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the projection of the self-adaptive structure (5) on the plane of the flow channel (3) is rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal or circular.
3. A fuel cell flow field plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: groove structure size in runner (3): the length is 1 mm-2 mm, the width is 0.2 mm-0.3 mm, and the depth is 0.02 mm-0.2 mm.
4. A fuel cell flow field plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the self-adaptive structure (5) is adhered to the groove structure of the plane of the flow channel (3) by using glue (6) harmless to the membrane electrode.
5. A fuel cell flow field plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the self-adaptive structure (5) is suitable for a serpentine flow field, a bionic flow field, a parallel flow field, a combined flow field or an interdigital flow field.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111178538.8A CN114243050B (en) | 2021-10-10 | 2021-10-10 | Depth gradually shallower flow field plate with liquid water self-adaptive flow guiding structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111178538.8A CN114243050B (en) | 2021-10-10 | 2021-10-10 | Depth gradually shallower flow field plate with liquid water self-adaptive flow guiding structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114243050A CN114243050A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
| CN114243050B true CN114243050B (en) | 2023-11-17 |
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| CN202111178538.8A Active CN114243050B (en) | 2021-10-10 | 2021-10-10 | Depth gradually shallower flow field plate with liquid water self-adaptive flow guiding structure |
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| CN (1) | CN114243050B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114709439B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-26 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow field plate |
| CN115172795A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-11 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Polar plate composite flow channel of hydrogen fuel cell |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10172586A (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 1998-06-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell |
| JP2005302472A (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2005-10-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell |
| CN108258261A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-07-06 | 天津大学 | A kind of variable cross-section fuel cell channel |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070178341A1 (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-02 | Christian Wieser | Gas channel coating with water-uptake related volume change for influencing gas velocity |
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2021
- 2021-10-10 CN CN202111178538.8A patent/CN114243050B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10172586A (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 1998-06-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell |
| JP2005302472A (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2005-10-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cell |
| CN108258261A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-07-06 | 天津大学 | A kind of variable cross-section fuel cell channel |
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| CN114243050A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
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