CN114236336B - Triode amplification factor detection circuit, method and sensor - Google Patents
Triode amplification factor detection circuit, method and sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to a triode amplification factor detection circuit, a triode amplification factor detection method and a triode amplification factor detection sensor, and belongs to the technical field of electronic circuits. The detection circuit includes: the bias current source, the switching circuit and the detection module; the switching circuit is connected with the bias current source and is also connected with the emitter and the base of the triode, and is used for enabling the bias current to act on the emitter of the triode under a first control signal and enabling the bias current to act on the base of the triode under a second control signal; the detection module is connected with the switching circuit, and is used for detecting the current of the base electrode when the bias current acts on the base electrode of the triode, detecting the current of the emitter electrode when the bias current source acts on the emitter electrode of the triode, and determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the current of the emitter electrode and the current of the base electrode. The detection circuit can accurately calculate the amplification factor of the triode, so that the measurement error caused by the amplification factor change of a digital domain can be eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of electronic circuits, and particularly relates to a triode amplification factor detection circuit, a triode amplification factor detection method and a triode amplification factor sensor.
Background
With the continuous progress of the process manufacturing level, the size of the integrated circuit device is smaller and smaller, so that the amplification factor (beta) of the triode (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT) is smaller and smaller, and the difference between the emitter current (Ie) and the collector current (Ic) of the triode is larger and larger. In the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, CMOS) process, most of them are single well processes, and the transistor under the single well process is typically a PNP transistor. The collector of PNP triode is formed by substrate, and only bias current (Ibias) can be supplied from emitter to triode, and the error of emitter current and collector current is increased due to smaller beta value, resulting in base-emitter voltage (V) EB ) There is a certain deviation, thusAccurate detection of the amplification of a triode is accurate for the calculation of V EB Is very important. Wherein,is the saturation current of the triode, k Is the Boltzmann constant, T Is absolute temperature, q Is charge, ibias Is bias current, and beta Is the amplification factor of the triode.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, an object of the present application is to provide a triode amplification factor detection circuit, a triode amplification factor detection method, and a sensor, so as to accurately obtain a triode amplification factor, and further improve the problem of error caused by the reduced triode amplification factor.
Embodiments of the present application are implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a triode amplification factor detection circuit, including: the bias current source, the switching circuit and the detection module; a bias current source for providing a bias current; the switching circuit is connected with the bias current source and is also connected with the emitter and the base of the triode, and is used for enabling the bias current to act on the emitter of the triode under a first control signal and enabling the bias current to act on the base of the triode under a second control signal; the detection module is connected with the switching circuit, and is used for detecting the current of the base electrode when the bias current acts on the base electrode of the triode, detecting the current of the emitter electrode when the bias current source acts on the emitter electrode of the triode, and determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the current of the emitter electrode and the current of the base electrode. In this embodiment, by switching the state of the switching circuit, the bias current provided by the bias current source can act on (can directly act on or indirectly act on) the emitter or the base of the triode, then the detection module detects the current of the base when the bias current acts on the base of the triode, and detects the current of the emitter when the bias current source acts on the emitter of the triode, and then the current based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base can be accurate The amplification factor of the triode is determined so as to eliminate measurement errors in the digital domain due to the amplification factor change, for example, the base-emitter voltage (V) EB ) The deviations are present.
With reference to a possible implementation manner of the first aspect embodiment, the switching circuit includes: a change-over switch and a current limiting resistor; the first end of the change-over switch is connected with the bias current source, the second end of the change-over switch is connected with the emitting electrode of the triode, the third end of the change-over switch is connected with the base electrode of the triode and the detection module, the third end of the change-over switch is grounded or connected with a first voltage source through the current limiting resistor, and the control end of the change-over switch is used for receiving the first control signal or the second control signal. In this embodiment, through adopting common components and parts, can make the biasing current that the biasing current source provided act on triode's projecting pole or base, and the electric current of projecting pole and base all can flow through current-limiting resistor, only need detect the electric current of current-limiting resistor department can acquire required projecting pole's electric current and the electric current of base fast, when realizing the purpose, practiced thrift the design cost.
With reference to a possible implementation manner of the first aspect embodiment, the switch includes: a first switching tube and a second switching tube; the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the bias current source, the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the emitter, and the third end of the first switching tube is used for receiving the first control signal; the first end of the second switching tube is connected with the bias current source, the second end of the second switching tube is connected with the base electrode and the detection module, the second end of the second switching tube is grounded or connected with the first voltage source through the current limiting resistor, and the third end of the second switching tube is used for receiving the second control signal. In the embodiment of the application, the switching of different states is realized by adopting the two switching tubes with small volume, and the volume of the circuit can be reduced while the purpose is realized.
With reference to a possible implementation manner of the first aspect embodiment, the detection module includes: analog-to-digital converter, calculation unit; the analog-to-digital converter is connected with the base electrode of the triode and is used for converting the analog voltage of the emitter after flowing through the current limiting resistor into a first digital voltage and converting the analog voltage of the base electrode after flowing through the current limiting resistor into a second digital voltage; the computing unit is connected with the analog-to-digital converter and is used for determining the amplification factor of the triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage. In the embodiment of the application, the analog voltage of the current of the emitter after passing through the current limiting resistor is converted into the first digital voltage through the analog-to-digital converter, and the analog voltage of the base after passing through the current limiting resistor is converted into the second digital voltage, so that the amplification factor of the triode can be directly determined based on the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage, the real-time detection of the charging current and the discharging current is not needed, the amplification factor of the triode can be calculated, and the efficiency is greatly improved.
With reference to a possible implementation manner of the first aspect embodiment, the switching circuit includes: a transfer switch, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, and a fifth transistor; the first end of the first transistor is connected with the emitter of the triode, the second end of the first transistor is connected with the second end of the second transistor and the second end of the third transistor, the third end of the first transistor, the third end of the second transistor and the third end of the third transistor are all connected with the bias current source, the first end of the second transistor is connected with the third end of the second transistor, the first end of the third transistor is connected with the second end of the switch, and the second end of the third transistor is also used for being grounded or connected with a first voltage source; the first end of the change-over switch is connected with the detection module, the third end of the change-over switch is connected with the first end of the fourth transistor, and the control end of the change-over switch is used for receiving the first control signal or the second control signal; the third end of the fourth transistor and the third end of the fifth transistor are connected with the base electrode, the second end of the fourth transistor is connected with the second end of the fifth transistor, the second end of the fifth transistor is also grounded or connected with the first voltage source, and the first end of the fifth transistor is connected with the third end of the fifth transistor; the second end of the fifth transistor is connected to the first voltage source if the second end of the third transistor is grounded, and the second end of the fifth transistor is grounded if the second end of the third transistor is connected to the first voltage source. According to the embodiment of the application, by adopting the switching circuit, the current of the base electrode of the triode is equal to the current flowing through the fourth transistor, the current of the emitter electrode of the triode is equal to the current flowing through the third transistor, the current of the base electrode of the triode is detected to be converted into the current flowing through the transistor, the current of the emitter electrode and the current of the base electrode of the triode are detected more favorably, and the detection efficiency can be improved.
With reference to a possible implementation manner of the first aspect embodiment, the switch includes: a first switching tube and a second switching tube; the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the detection module, the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of the third transistor, and the third end of the first switching tube is used for receiving the first control signal; the first end of the second switching tube is connected with the detection module, the second end of the second switching tube is connected with the first end of the fourth transistor, and the third end of the second switching tube is used for receiving the second control signal. In the embodiment of the application, the switching of different states is realized by adopting the two switching tubes with small volume, and the volume of the circuit can be reduced while the purpose is realized.
With reference to a possible implementation manner of the first aspect embodiment, the detection module includes: analog-to-digital converter, calculation unit; the analog-to-digital converter is connected with the first end of the first switch tube and the first end of the second switch tube and is used for converting the analog voltage of the current of the emitter after passing through the first current-limiting resistor into a first digital voltage and converting the analog voltage of the current of the base after passing through the second current-limiting resistor into a second digital voltage, wherein the resistance value of the first current-limiting resistor is consistent with that of the second current-limiting resistor; the computing unit is connected with the analog-to-digital converter and is used for determining the amplification factor of the triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage; the first end of the first switching tube is grounded through the first current limiting resistor, the first end of the second switching tube is also connected with the first voltage source, and the resistance value of the first current limiting resistor is consistent with the sum of the resistance value of the second switching tube and the resistance value of the fourth transistor; or the first end of the second switching tube is grounded through the first current limiting resistor, the first end of the first switching tube is also connected with the first voltage source, and the resistance value of the first current limiting resistor is consistent with the sum of the resistance value of the first switching tube and the resistance value of the third transistor. In this embodiment of the application, through analog-to-digital converter with the current of projecting pole through the analog voltage conversion of current limiting resistor to first digital voltage, and with the current of base through the analog voltage conversion of current limiting resistor to second digital voltage, and then can directly confirm the magnification of triode based on first digital voltage and second digital voltage, and need not to go real-time detection projecting pole's current and the current of base, can calculate the magnification of triode, very big improvement efficiency.
With reference to a possible implementation manner of the first aspect embodiment, the detection module includes: an integrating differential analog-to-digital converter and a calculating unit; the integral differential analog-to-digital converter is connected with the control end of the change-over switch and is also connected with the first end of the change-over switch, and the integral differential analog-to-digital converter is used for outputting the first control signal or the second control signal; the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter is further configured to detect a charging cycle number of the first voltage source for charging the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter through the third transistor, detect a discharging cycle number of the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter for discharging through the fourth transistor, and enable a charging current to be consistent with a current of the emitter and a discharging current to be consistent with a current of the base; or detecting the charging cycle number of the first voltage source for charging the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter through the fourth transistor, and detecting the discharging cycle number of the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter for discharging through the third transistor, wherein the discharging current is consistent with the current of the emitter, and the charging current is consistent with the current of the base; the computing unit is connected with the integral differential analog-to-digital converter and is used for determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the charging cycle number and the discharging cycle number, wherein the charging current is equal to the charging cycle number=the discharging current is equal to the discharging cycle. In this embodiment of the present application, the detection module with the above structure is adopted, so that the current of the base electrode of the detection triode can be converted into the charge cycle number for detecting the first voltage source and charging the integration differential analog-to-digital converter through the third transistor, the current of the emitter of the detection triode can be converted into the discharge cycle number for detecting the integration differential analog-to-digital converter and discharging the integration differential analog-to-digital converter through the fourth transistor, or the current of the base electrode of the detection triode is converted into the charge cycle number for detecting the first voltage source and charging the integration differential analog-to-digital converter through the fourth transistor, the current of the emitter of the detection triode can be converted into the discharge cycle number for detecting the integration differential analog-to-digital converter and discharging the integration differential analog-to-digital converter through the third transistor, and then the amplification factor of the triode can be rapidly determined directly based on the discharge cycle number and the discharge cycle number, without detecting the charge current and the discharge current in real time, the amplification factor of the triode can be calculated, and the efficiency can be greatly improved.
With reference to a possible implementation manner of the first aspect embodiment, the triode amplification detection circuit further includes: and the control module is used for generating the first control signal and the second control signal.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a sensor, including: a transistor and a transistor amplification detection circuit as in the above first aspect example and/or in combination with any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect example, wherein the transistor amplification detection circuit is configured to detect an amplification of the transistor.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for detecting a triode amplification factor, where the method includes: controlling bias current to act on an emitter of the triode and detecting current of the emitter; controlling the bias current to act on the base electrode of the triode and detecting the current of the base electrode; the amplification factor of the triode is determined based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base.
With reference to a possible implementation manner of the third aspect embodiment, determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base includes: converting an analog voltage of a bias current consistent with the current of the emitter after flowing through a current limiting resistor into a first digital voltage; converting the analog voltage of the current of the base electrode after flowing through the current limiting resistor into a second digital voltage; and determining the amplification factor of the triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage.
With reference to a possible implementation manner of the third aspect embodiment, determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base includes: acquiring a charging cycle number of charging equipment by current consistent with the current of the emitter, and acquiring a discharging cycle number of discharging the equipment by current consistent with the current of the base; or, acquiring a charging cycle number of which the current consistent with the current of the base electrode is used for charging equipment, and acquiring a discharging cycle number of which the equipment discharges with the current consistent with the current of the emitter electrode, wherein the charging cycle number is the current of the equipment charging = the discharging cycle number; and determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the charge cycle number and the discharge cycle number.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments of the application. The objects and other advantages of the present application may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views of the drawings. The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale, with emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the present application.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a triode amplification factor detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between a triode amplification factor detection circuit and a PNP triode according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between a triode amplification factor detection circuit and an NPN triode according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between a PNP transistor and another transistor amplification detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between an NPN transistor and another transistor amplification detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between a PNP transistor and another transistor amplification detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between an NPN transistor and another transistor amplification detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between a PNP transistor and another transistor amplification detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between a further transistor amplification detection circuit and an NPN transistor according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between a PNP transistor and another transistor amplification detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating connection between an NPN transistor and another transistor amplification detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 12 is a schematic flow chart of triode amplification detection according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Also, relational terms such as "first," "second," and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Furthermore, the term "and/or" in this application is merely an association relation describing an association object, and indicates that three relations may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone.
In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; or may be an electrical connection; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
In order to accurately detect the amplification factor of the triode, the embodiment of the application provides a triode amplification factor detection circuit for detecting the amplification factor of the triode, and the structure and principle of the circuit are described below with reference to fig. 1.
The triode amplification factor detection circuit provided by the embodiment of the application comprises: bias current source (IE), switching circuit and detection module. The switching circuit is connected with the bias current source and the detection module, and is also connected with an emitter electrode (an E point is used for connecting the emitter electrode of the triode in the figure) and a base electrode (a B point is used for connecting the base electrode of the triode in the figure) of the triode. The state of the switching circuit is switched, so that the bias current provided by the bias current source acts on (can directly act on or indirectly act on) the emitter or the base of the triode, the current of the base when the bias current acts on the base of the triode is detected by the detection module, the current of the emitter when the bias current source acts on the emitter of the triode is detected, and then the amplification factor of the triode can be accurately determined based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base.
Wherein the bias current source (IE) is used to provide a bias current (Ibias), which may be a constant current source, to ensure that the bias current provided is constant.
The switching circuit is used for enabling the bias current provided by the bias current source to act on the emitter electrode of the triode under the first control signal (which can be represented by C1), enabling the bias current to act on the base electrode of the triode under the second control signal (which can be represented by C2), and enabling the bias current to act on the emitter electrode or the base electrode of the triode by changing the state of the switching circuit. Only one of the first control signal and the second control signal is valid at the same time.
In a first embodiment, a switching circuit includes: a switch and a current limiting resistor. The first end of the change-over switch is connected with the bias current source, the second end of the change-over switch is connected with the emitter of the triode, the third end of the change-over switch is connected with the base electrode of the triode and the detection module, the control end of the change-over switch is used for receiving a first control signal (C1) or a second control signal (C2), and the third end of the change-over switch is grounded through a current limiting resistor or connected with a first voltage source (VDD). And if the triode is a PNP triode, the third end of the change-over switch is grounded through the current-limiting resistor, and if the triode is an NPN triode, the third end of the change-over switch is connected with the first voltage source through the current-limiting resistor.
The first control signal is used for controlling the first end and the second end of the change-over switch to be communicated, and the second control signal is used for controlling the first end and the third end of the change-over switch to be communicated.
If the triode is a PNP triode, the structural block diagram of the triode amplification factor detection circuit is shown in FIG. 2. When the first end and the third end of the change-over switch are conducted, the bias current directly acts on the current limiting resistor RB, and at the moment, the voltage input into the detection module is V1; when the first end and the second end of the change-over switch are conducted, the bias current directly acts on the emitter of the triode, the current flowing through the base electrode is equal to the current flowing through the current limiting resistor RB, and at the moment, the voltage input into the detection module is V2. Since the current of the bias current directly acting on the current-limiting resistor RB is equal to the current of the bias current directly acting on the emitter of the triode, the calculation formula of the amplification factor (beta) of the triode is adoptedAnd I c ＝I e -I b The following steps are:
ic is collector current, ie is emitter current, ib is base current, RB is resistance of current-limiting resistor, D V1 For the digital voltage corresponding to V1, D V2 The digital voltage corresponding to V2.
If the triode is an NPN triode, the structural block diagram of the triode amplification factor detection circuit is shown in fig. 3. When the first end and the third end of the change-over switch are conducted, the current flows through the current-limiting resistor The current of RB is equal to the bias current, at this moment, the voltage input into the detection module is V1, then the voltage of both ends of the current limiting resistor RB is VDD-V1; when the first and second ends of the switch are turned on, the bias current directly acts on the emitter of the triode, i.e. the emitter current is equal to the bias current, and the current flowing through the current-limiting resistor RB is equal to the base current Ib, at this time, the voltage input to the detection module is V2, the voltage across the current-limiting resistor RB is VDD-V2, and then there isWherein D is FS Is a digital voltage corresponding to VDD.
Alternatively, the switch may be a single pole, multi-throw switch, although the switch may comprise a plurality of switches, including for example a first switch tube and a second switch tube. The first end of the first switching tube is connected with the bias current source, the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the emitter, and the third end of the first switching tube is used for receiving the first control signal. The first end of the second switching tube is connected with the bias current source, the second end of the second switching tube is connected with the base electrode and the detection module, the second end of the second switching tube is grounded or connected with the first voltage source through the current limiting resistor, and the third end of the second switching tube is used for receiving the second control signal. If the triode is a PNP triode, the second end of the second switch tube is grounded through the current limiting resistor, and the schematic diagram is shown in fig. 4. If the triode is an NPN triode, the second end of the second switching tube is connected to the first voltage source through the current limiting resistor, and the schematic diagram is shown in fig. 5. In fig. 4 and 5, S1 is a first switching tube, S2 is a second switching tube, RB is a current limiting resistor, C1 is a first control signal, and C2 is a second control signal.
The first control signal is used for controlling the first switching tube to be closed or opened, and the second control signal is used for controlling the second switching tube to be closed or opened. The first and second ends of the switch are similarly in communication when the first switch tube is closed and the first and third ends of the switch are similarly in communication when the second switch tube is closed. The first switching transistor and the second switching transistor may be transistor switches, for example, may be a transistor or a field effect transistor (MOS transistor), and the types thereof are not limited.
Based on the above, the detection of the base current and the emitter current of the transistor can be converted into the detection of the voltage across the current limiting resistor RB in different states of the switch, so as to calculate the amplification factor of the transistor. Thus, in one embodiment, the detection module comprises: an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a computing unit. The analog-to-digital converter is connected with the base electrode of the triode and is used for converting the analog voltage of the current of the emitter electrode after passing through the current limiting resistor RB into a first digital voltage and converting the analog voltage of the current of the base electrode after passing through the current limiting resistor RB into a second digital voltage.
Wherein, if the triode is a PNP triode, the first digital voltage is D V1 The second digital voltage is D V2 . If the triode is an NPN triode, the first digital voltage is D FS -D V1 The second digital voltage is D FS -D V2 。
When the triode is an NPN triode, the analog-to-digital converter can obtain the first digital voltage D by the following way FS -D V1 And a second digital voltage D FS -D V2 First, VDD is converted into digital voltage D FS Secondly, converting the voltage V1 or V2 input into the analog-to-digital converter into a digital voltage D when the change-over switch is in different states V1 Or D V2 And then the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage can be obtained.
The computing unit is connected with the analog-to-digital converter and is used for determining the amplification factor of the triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage. That is, in this embodiment, the process of determining the amplification factor of the transistor by the detection module based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base may be: converting the analog voltage of the current of the emitter after passing through the current limiting resistor into a first digital voltage; converting the analog voltage of the current of the base electrode after passing through the current limiting resistor into a second digital voltage; and determining the amplification factor of the triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage. In this way, the amplification factor of the triode can be calculated without detecting the charging current and the discharging current in real time, and the efficiency is greatly improved.
Alternatively, the computing unit may be an arithmetic unit, and furthermore, the computing unit may also be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capability. The computing unit may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a network processor (Network Processor, NP), etc.; but also digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the computing unit may be any conventional processor or the like.
To better understand the above, if the triode is a PNP triode, a schematic circuit diagram of the triode amplification factor detection circuit in one embodiment is shown in fig. 4, and if the triode is an NPN triode, a schematic circuit diagram of the triode amplification factor detection circuit in one embodiment is shown in fig. 5.
In one embodiment, the voltage across the current limiting resistor RB in different states of the switch may be detected by the detection circuit without converting the voltage across the current limiting resistor RB into a digital voltage, and the amplification factor of the transistor may be calculated. In this embodiment, the analog-to-digital converter may be replaced with a voltage detection sensor, and in this case, the detection module includes the voltage detection sensor and the calculation unit.
In one embodiment, the first control signal and the second control signal may be input from the outside, or may be generated by the triode amplification factor detection circuit itself. If generated by the triode amplification detection circuit itself, the triode amplification detection circuit may further include: and the control module is used for generating the first control signal and the second control signal. In one embodiment, the control module may be the processor, and the control module may be an internal module of the detection module, for example, the same module as the calculation unit.
In a second embodiment, the switching circuit may further include, in addition to the above implementation manner, a switching circuit: a transfer switch, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, and a fifth transistor.
The first end of the first transistor is connected with the emitter of the triode, the second end of the first transistor is connected with the second end of the second transistor and the second end of the third transistor, the third end of the first transistor, the third end of the second transistor and the third end of the third transistor are all connected with a bias current source, the first end of the second transistor is connected with the third end of the second transistor, the first end of the third transistor is connected with the second end of the switch, and the second end of the third transistor is also used for being grounded or connected with a first voltage source.
The first end of the change-over switch is connected with the detection module, the third end of the change-over switch is connected with the first end of the fourth transistor, and the control end of the change-over switch is used for receiving the first control signal or the second control signal. The third end of the fourth transistor and the third end of the fifth transistor are both connected with the base electrode, the second end of the fourth transistor is connected with the second end of the fifth transistor, the second end of the fifth transistor is also grounded or connected with the first voltage source, and the first end of the fifth transistor is connected with the third end of the fifth transistor.
The second end of the fifth transistor is connected to the first voltage source if the second end of the third transistor is grounded, and the second end of the fifth transistor is grounded if the second end of the third transistor is connected to the first voltage source. The first control signal is used for controlling the first end and the second end of the change-over switch to be communicated, and the second control signal is used for controlling the first end and the third end of the change-over switch to be communicated.
Optionally, the first transistor, the second transistor, and the third transistor have the same size, and the fourth transistor and the fifth transistor have the same size.
If the transistor is PNP transistor, the first transistor, the second transistor, the third transistor are PMOS transistors, the fourth transistor, The fifth transistor is an NMOS transistor, and at this time, the second end of the third transistor is connected to the first voltage source, and the second end of the fifth transistor is grounded. At this time, a block diagram of the transistor amplification detection circuit is shown in fig. 6. Since the sizes of the transistor M1, the transistor M2 and the transistor M3 are the same, under the action of the bias current, the transistors M1, M2 and M5 are turned on, the current flowing through the transistors M1 and M2 is equal to the bias current Ibias, at this time, the current of the emitter of the triode is equal to the bias current Ibias, when the first end and the second end of the switch are connected, the transistor M3 is also turned on, and the current I3 flowing through the transistor M3 is also equal to the bias current Ibias, namely, the current of the emitter of the triode. The base current Ib of the transistor is grounded through the transistor M5, and the current flowing through the transistor M5 is equal to the base current Ib, and since the transistor M5 and the transistor M4 have the same size, the current flowing through the transistor M5 is equal to the current I4 flowing through the transistor M4 and is equal to the base current Ib. According to the calculation formula of triode amplification factor (beta)And I c ＝I e -I b The following steps are: />I3 is the current VDD flows to the detection module through the transistor M3, and I4 is the current flowing through the transistor M4.
The turn-on rules of the transistors M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 are as follows: under the action of bias current, the transistors M1, M2 and M5 are turned on, when the first end and the second end of the change-over switch are communicated, the transistor M3 is turned on, and when the first end and the third end of the change-over switch are turned on, the transistor M4 is turned on.
If the triode is an NPN triode, the first transistor, the second transistor and the third transistor are NMOS transistors, the fourth transistor and the fifth transistor are PMOS transistors, at the moment, the second end of the third transistor is grounded, and the second end of the fifth transistor is connected with the first voltage source. At this time, the triode is amplifiedThe block diagram of the detection circuit is shown in fig. 7. Since the sizes of the transistor M1, the transistor M2 and the transistor M3 are the same, the transistor M1 and the transistor M2 are turned on under the action of the bias current, and the current flowing through the transistor M1 and the transistor M2 is equal to the bias current Ibias, that is, the current of the emitter of the triode is equal to the bias current Ibias, and when the first end and the second end of the switch are communicated, the transistor M3 is also turned on, and the current I3 passing through the transistor M3 is also equal to the bias current Ibias. In addition, when the transistors M1 and M2 are turned on, the transistor M5 is also turned on, and the base current Ib of the transistor is equal to the current flowing through the transistor M5, and since the transistor M5 and the transistor M4 have the same size, the current flowing through the transistor M5 is equal to the current I4 flowing through the transistor M4 and is equal to the base current Ib. According to the calculation formula of triode amplification factor (beta) And I c ＝I e -I b The following steps are: />
The turn-on rules of the transistors M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5 are as follows: under the action of bias current, the transistors M1, M2 and M5 are turned on, when the first end and the second end of the change-over switch are communicated, the transistor M3 is turned on, and when the first end and the third end of the change-over switch are turned on, the transistor M4 is turned on.
Alternatively, the switch may be a single pole, multi-throw switch, although the switch may comprise a plurality of switches, including for example a first switch tube and a second switch tube. The first end of the first switching tube is connected with the detection module, the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of the third transistor, and the third end of the first switching tube is used for receiving a first control signal. The first end of the second switching tube is connected with the detection module, the second end of the second switching tube is connected with the first end of the fourth transistor, and the third end of the second switching tube is used for receiving the second control signal.
The first control signal is used for controlling the first switching tube to be closed or opened, and the second control signal is used for controlling the second switching tube to be closed or opened. The first and second ends of the switch are similarly in communication when the first switch tube is closed and the first and third ends of the switch are similarly in communication when the second switch tube is closed. The first switching transistor and the second switching transistor may be transistor switches, for example, may be a transistor or a field effect transistor (MOS transistor), and the types thereof are not limited.
From the above, it can be seen that the current at the base of the sense transistor can be converted to the current flowing through the transistor M4, and the current at the emitter of the sense transistor can be converted to the current flowing through the transistor M3. Thus, in one embodiment, the detection module comprises: an integrated differential analog-to-digital converter (sigma-delta ADC) and a calculation unit.
The integrating differential analog-to-digital converter is connected with the control end of the change-over switch and is also connected with the first end of the change-over switch and used for outputting a first control signal or a second control signal; detecting the charging cycle number of the first voltage source charged by the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter through the third transistor, detecting the discharging cycle number of the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter discharged by the fourth transistor, wherein the charging current is consistent with the current of the emitter, and the discharging current is consistent with the current of the base; or detecting the charging cycle number of the first voltage source for charging the integrating differential analog-digital converter through the fourth transistor, and detecting the discharging cycle number of the integrating differential analog-digital converter discharged through the third transistor, wherein the discharging current is consistent with the current of the emitter, and the charging current is consistent with the current of the base.
The computing unit is connected with the integral differential analog-to-digital converter and is used for determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the charging cycle number and the discharging cycle number. The charging current=the charging cycle number=the discharging current=the discharging cycle number, and therefore, the amplification factor of the triode can be further determined according to the charging cycle number and the discharging cycle number. That is, in this embodiment, the process of determining the amplification factor of the transistor by the detection module based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base may be: acquiring a charging cycle number of charging by taking the current of an emitter as equipment (such as an integral differential analog-to-digital converter), and acquiring a discharging cycle number of discharging by the equipment by the current of a base; or, acquiring a charging cycle number of charging by taking the current of the base electrode as equipment, and acquiring a discharging cycle number of discharging by the equipment by using the current of the emitter electrode, wherein the charging cycle number is the current of charging by the equipment = the current of discharging by the equipment; and determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the charge cycle number and the discharge cycle number.
When the triode is a PNP triode, if the first end and the second end of the change-over switch are communicated, VDD charges the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter through the third transistor M3; if the first end and the third end of the switch are communicated, the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter discharges through the fourth transistor M4. At this time, the liquid crystal display device,icharge charge current, idischarge is discharge current, ncharge is charge cycle number, ndischarge is discharge cycle number, wherein icharge=idischarge.
When the triode is an NPN triode, if the first end and the second end of the change-over switch are communicated, the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter discharges through the third transistor M3; if the first terminal and the third terminal of the switch are connected, VDD charges the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter through the fourth transistor M4. At this time, there is
The detection of the charging current and the discharging current can be further converted into statistics of the charging cycle number and the discharging cycle number, and then the detection of the charging current and the discharging current is not needed, the amplification factor of the triode can be calculated, and the efficiency is greatly improved. In this embodiment, the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter can calculate the amplification factor of the triode only by sending the counted charge cycle number and discharge cycle number to the calculation unit.
To better understand the above, if the triode is a PNP triode, a schematic circuit diagram of the triode amplification factor detection circuit in one embodiment is shown in fig. 8, and if the triode is an NPN triode, a schematic circuit diagram of the triode amplification factor detection circuit in one embodiment is shown in fig. 9. In fig. 8 and 9, S1 is a first switching tube, S2 is a second switching tube, C1 is a first control signal, and C2 is a second control signal.
Based on the above, the process of determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base may also be: the method comprises the steps of converting the analog voltage of the current of an emitter into a first digital voltage after passing through a current limiting resistor, converting the analog voltage of the current of a base into a second digital voltage after passing through the current limiting resistor, and determining the amplification factor of a triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage. Thus, the method is applicable to a variety of applications. In one embodiment, the detection module may further include: analog-to-digital converter, calculation unit. The analog-to-digital converter is used for converting the analog voltage of the current of the emitter after passing through the first current-limiting resistor into a first digital voltage and converting the analog voltage of the base after passing through the second current-limiting resistor into a second digital voltage, and the resistance value of the first current-limiting resistor is consistent with that of the second current-limiting resistor. The computing unit is connected with the analog-to-digital converter and is used for determining the amplification factor of the triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage. At this time, the first end of the first switching tube is grounded through the first current-limiting resistor, the first end of the second switching tube is also connected with the first voltage source, the resistance value of the first current-limiting resistor is consistent with the sum of the resistance value of the second switching tube and the resistance value of the fourth transistor, at this time, the second switching tube and the fourth transistor are equivalent to the second current-limiting resistor; or the first end of the second switching tube is grounded through a first current limiting resistor, the first end of the first switching tube is also connected with a first voltage source, the resistance value of the first current limiting resistor is consistent with the sum of the resistance value of the first switching tube and the resistance value of the third transistor, and at the moment, the first switching tube and the third transistor are equivalent to the second current limiting resistor.
If the triode is a PNP triode, the first end of the first switching tube is grounded through the first current limiting resistor, the first end of the second switching tube is further connected to the first voltage source, and at this time, a schematic diagram of the triode amplification factor detection circuit is shown in fig. 10. At this time, there is/>
If the triode is an NPN triode, the first end of the second switching tube is grounded through the first current limiting resistor, the first end of the first switching tube is further connected to the first voltage source, and at this time, a schematic diagram of the triode amplification factor detection circuit is shown in fig. 11. At this time, there is
The first control signal and the second control signal may be input from the outside, or may be generated by the triode amplification factor detection circuit itself. If generated by the triode amplification detection circuit itself, for example, by the integrating analog-to-digital converter described above. Alternatively, the triode amplification detection circuit further includes: and the control module is used for generating the first control signal and the second control signal. The control module may be the processor described above, and in this case, the control module and the calculation unit may be the same module.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a sensor, which at least comprises a triode and the triode amplification detection circuit, wherein the triode amplification detection circuit is used for detecting the amplification factor (beta) of the triode. For example, the sensor may be a temperature sensor, based on the formula when the magnification is detected I.e. according to the base-emitter voltage (V EB ) And accurately calculating the temperature. In addition, the sensor may be a commonly available sensor including a triode in addition to a temperature sensor.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a sensor, which at least comprises a triode and the triode amplification detection circuit, wherein the triode amplification detection circuit is used for detecting the amplification factor (beta) of the triode. For example, the sensor may be a temperature sensor, in which caseAfter detecting the magnification (β), based on the formulaThe temperature can be accurately calculated from the base-emitter voltage difference (deltaveb). Wherein beta is 1 Is I bias1 Transistor amplification under bias current, beta 2 Is I bias2 Transistor amplification at bias current.
In addition, the sensor may be a commonly available sensor including a triode in addition to a temperature sensor.
The transistor amplification detection circuit provided in the sensor embodiment has the same implementation principle and technical effects as those of the transistor amplification detection circuit embodiment, and for brevity description, reference may be made to corresponding contents in the transistor amplification detection circuit embodiment.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a triode amplification factor detection method, which can be applied to the triode amplification factor detection circuit. The method for detecting the amplification factor of the triode according to the embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to fig. 12.
S1: the bias current is controlled to act on the emitter of the triode and the current of the emitter is detected.
S2: and controlling the bias current to act on the base electrode of the triode, and detecting the current of the base electrode.
S3: the amplification factor of the triode is determined based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base.
In one embodiment, the amplification factor of the transistor may be determined directly based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base.
In yet another embodiment, the determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base may be: converting an analog voltage of a bias current consistent with the current of the emitter after flowing through a current limiting resistor into a first digital voltage; converting the analog voltage of the current of the base electrode after flowing through the current limiting resistor into a second digital voltage; and determining the amplification factor of the triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage.
In yet another embodiment, the determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base may be: acquiring a charging cycle number of charging equipment by current consistent with the current of the emitter, and acquiring a discharging cycle number of discharging the equipment by current consistent with the current of the base; or, acquiring a charging cycle number of which the current consistent with the current of the base electrode is used for charging equipment, and acquiring a discharging cycle number of which the equipment discharges with the current consistent with the current of the emitter electrode, wherein the charging cycle number is the current of the equipment charging = the discharging cycle number; and determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the charge cycle number and the discharge cycle number.
The implementation principle and the generated technical effects of the triode amplification detection method provided by the embodiment of the application are the same as those of the triode amplification detection circuit embodiment, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to corresponding contents in the triode amplification detection circuit embodiment where the method embodiment is not mentioned.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described as different from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to be referred to each other.
The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (12)
1. A triode amplification detection circuit, comprising:
a bias current source for providing a bias current;
the switching circuit is connected with the bias current source and is also connected with the emitter and the base of the triode, and is used for enabling the bias current to act on the emitter of the triode under a first control signal and enabling the bias current to act on the base of the triode under a second control signal;
the detection module is connected with the switching circuit, and is used for detecting the current of the base electrode when the bias current acts on the base electrode of the triode, detecting the current of the emitter electrode when the bias current source acts on the emitter electrode of the triode, and determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the current of the emitter electrode and the current of the base electrode;
The switching circuit is further used for charging the detection module by changing the state of the switching circuit and discharging the detection module through the switching circuit, wherein the charging current is consistent with the current of the emitter, the discharging current is consistent with the current of the base, or the charging current is consistent with the current of the base, and the discharging current is consistent with the current of the emitter; the detection module is specifically configured to: acquiring a charging cycle number of charging by the charging current, and acquiring a discharging cycle number of discharging by the discharging current; wherein charge cycle number is the charge current=discharge cycle number is the discharge current; determining a magnification of the transistor based on the number of charge cycles and the number of discharge cycles;
or,
the switching circuit is also used for inputting the analog voltage of the current of the emitter after passing through the current limiting resistor to the detection module and inputting the analog voltage of the base after passing through the current limiting resistor to the detection module by changing the state of the switching circuit; the detection module is specifically configured to: converting the analog voltage of the current of the emitter after passing through the current limiting resistor into a first digital voltage; converting the analog voltage of the current of the base electrode after flowing through the current limiting resistor into a second digital voltage; and determining the amplification factor of the triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage.
2. The triode amplification detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the switching circuit comprises: a change-over switch and a current limiting resistor;
the first end of the change-over switch is connected with the bias current source, the second end of the change-over switch is connected with the emitting electrode of the triode, the third end of the change-over switch is connected with the base electrode of the triode and the detection module, the third end of the change-over switch is grounded or connected with a first voltage source through the current limiting resistor, and the control end of the change-over switch is used for receiving the first control signal or the second control signal.
3. The triode amplification detection circuit of claim 2, wherein the switch comprises: a first switching tube and a second switching tube;
the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the bias current source, the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the emitter, and the third end of the first switching tube is used for receiving the first control signal;
the first end of the second switching tube is connected with the bias current source, the second end of the second switching tube is connected with the base electrode and the detection module, the second end of the second switching tube is grounded or connected with the first voltage source through the current limiting resistor, and the third end of the second switching tube is used for receiving the second control signal.
4. A triode amplification detection circuit according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the detection module comprises:
the analog-to-digital converter is connected with the base electrode of the triode and is used for converting the analog voltage of the current of the emitter after flowing through the current limiting resistor into a first digital voltage and converting the analog voltage of the base electrode after flowing through the current limiting resistor into a second digital voltage;
and the computing unit is connected with the analog-to-digital converter and used for determining the amplification factor of the triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage.
5. The triode amplification detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the switching circuit comprises: a transfer switch, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, and a fifth transistor;
the first end of the first transistor is connected with the emitter of the triode, the second end of the first transistor is connected with the second end of the second transistor and the second end of the third transistor, the third end of the first transistor, the third end of the second transistor and the third end of the third transistor are all connected with the bias current source, the first end of the second transistor is connected with the third end of the second transistor, the first end of the third transistor is connected with the second end of the switch, and the second end of the third transistor is also used for being grounded or connected with a first voltage source;
The first end of the change-over switch is connected with the detection module, the third end of the change-over switch is connected with the first end of the fourth transistor, and the control end of the change-over switch is used for receiving the first control signal or the second control signal;
the third end of the fourth transistor and the third end of the fifth transistor are connected with the base electrode, the second end of the fourth transistor is connected with the second end of the fifth transistor, the second end of the fifth transistor is also grounded or connected with the first voltage source, and the first end of the fifth transistor is connected with the third end of the fifth transistor;
the second end of the fifth transistor is connected to the first voltage source if the second end of the third transistor is grounded, and the second end of the fifth transistor is grounded if the second end of the third transistor is connected to the first voltage source.
6. The triode amplification detection circuit of claim 5, wherein the switch comprises: a first switching tube and a second switching tube;
the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the detection module, the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of the third transistor, and the third end of the first switching tube is used for receiving the first control signal;
The first end of the second switching tube is connected with the detection module, the second end of the second switching tube is connected with the first end of the fourth transistor, and the third end of the second switching tube is used for receiving the second control signal.
7. The triode amplification detection circuit of claim 6, wherein the detection module comprises:
the analog-to-digital converter is connected with the first end of the first switch tube and the first end of the second switch tube and is used for converting the analog voltage of the current of the emitter after passing through the first current-limiting resistor into a first digital voltage and converting the analog voltage of the current of the base after passing through the second current-limiting resistor into a second digital voltage, wherein the resistance value of the first current-limiting resistor is consistent with that of the second current-limiting resistor;
the computing unit is connected with the analog-to-digital converter and used for determining the amplification factor of the triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage;
the first end of the first switching tube is grounded through the first current limiting resistor, the first end of the second switching tube is also connected with the first voltage source, and the resistance value of the first current limiting resistor is consistent with the sum of the resistance value of the second switching tube and the resistance value of the fourth transistor; or the first end of the second switching tube is grounded through the first current limiting resistor, the first end of the first switching tube is also connected with the first voltage source, and the resistance value of the first current limiting resistor is consistent with the sum of the resistance value of the first switching tube and the resistance value of the third transistor.
8. The triode amplification detection circuit of claim 5 or 6, wherein the detection module comprises:
the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter is connected with the control end of the change-over switch and also connected with the first end of the change-over switch, and is used for outputting the first control signal or the second control signal;
the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter is further configured to detect a charging cycle number of the first voltage source for charging the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter through the third transistor, detect a discharging cycle number of the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter for discharging through the fourth transistor, and enable a charging current to be consistent with a current of the emitter and a discharging current to be consistent with a current of the base; or detecting the charging cycle number of the first voltage source for charging the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter through the fourth transistor, and detecting the discharging cycle number of the integrating differential analog-to-digital converter for discharging through the third transistor, wherein the discharging current is consistent with the current of the emitter, and the charging current is consistent with the current of the base;
and the calculating unit is connected with the integral differential analog-to-digital converter and is used for determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the charging cycle number and the discharging cycle number.
9. A sensor, comprising: a transistor and a transistor amplification detection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, the transistor amplification detection circuit being arranged to detect the amplification of the transistor.
10. A triode amplification detection method applied to a triode amplification detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising:
controlling bias current to act on an emitter of the triode and detecting current of the emitter;
controlling the bias current to act on the base electrode of the triode and detecting the current of the base electrode;
the amplification factor of the triode is determined based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the amplification of the transistor based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base comprises:
converting an analog voltage of a bias current consistent with the current of the emitter after flowing through a current limiting resistor into a first digital voltage; converting the analog voltage of the current of the base electrode after flowing through the current limiting resistor into a second digital voltage;
And determining the amplification factor of the triode according to the first digital voltage and the second digital voltage.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the amplification of the transistor based on the current of the emitter and the current of the base comprises:
acquiring a charging cycle number of the detection module charged by a current consistent with the current of the emitter, and acquiring a discharging cycle number of the detection module discharged by a current consistent with the current of the base; or, obtaining a charging cycle number of the current consistent with the current of the base as the charging cycle number of the detection module, and obtaining a discharging cycle number of the detection module for discharging with the current consistent with the current of the emitter, wherein the charging cycle number is the current of the detection module for charging = the discharging cycle number is the current of the detection module for discharging;
and determining the amplification factor of the triode based on the charge cycle number and the discharge cycle number.
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