CN114234901A - Information monitoring method and system for dismantling and modifying super high-rise building - Google Patents
Information monitoring method and system for dismantling and modifying super high-rise building Download PDFInfo
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- CN114234901A CN114234901A CN202111454654.8A CN202111454654A CN114234901A CN 114234901 A CN114234901 A CN 114234901A CN 202111454654 A CN202111454654 A CN 202111454654A CN 114234901 A CN114234901 A CN 114234901A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention provides an informatization monitoring method and a system for the disassembly and modification of a super high-rise building, wherein the monitoring method comprises the following steps: monitoring and grading buildings, wherein each monitoring grade comprises at least one floor, and at least one floor is selected from each monitoring grade to be distributed with a monitoring net, wherein each monitoring net comprises a plurality of monitoring units; dismantling floors in each construction level from top to bottom, and rebuilding the floors from bottom to top in each construction level; in the process of dismantling and modifying each construction grade, the monitoring network utilizes the monitoring unit to perform on-site exploration to obtain monitoring data and sends the monitoring data to the server; and the server determines the actual measurement position of each monitoring data based on the building three-dimensional model and the positioning information of each monitoring unit, automatically identifies a corresponding visual dynamic module in the building three-dimensional model, and establishes the building informatization monitoring model. The method is suitable for rigidity change of the building in the dismantling and modifying process, measurement is performed in a targeted mode, investment cost is low, and informatization degree is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to an informatization monitoring method and system for the demolition and modification of a super high-rise building.
Background
With the rapid development of city construction and economy, many projects for dismantling and improving old cities or old buildings on the original basis appear, so as to realize the maintenance, reinforcement, storey addition, extension or change of purposes of the buildings.
The traditional building demolition construction method only demolishs the building rapidly, and the construction process is disorderly, so that the traditional safety monitoring method is disordered, all floors are monitored, the investment cost is high in the whole demolition and modification process, the monitoring steps are complicated, the viewing mode is original and lagged, data can be viewed only through field measurement, real-time monitoring and real-time early warning cannot be realized, effective measures cannot be taken timely, and the demolition and modification construction safety is not high.
In patent CN110006482B, it relates to a method for monitoring the safety of old houses, belonging to the technical field of civil engineering structure monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: arranging a sensor subsystem; connecting the sensor subsystem with a data acquisition system, a data transmission system and a central server in sequence; setting a house safety monitoring and early warning value in a central server, partitioning a house, and setting the same or different house safety monitoring and early warning values aiming at different partitions; setting initial values of various safety monitoring sensors, and monitoring old houses for a long time; and (5) carrying out real-time grading and partitioning early warning. The patent can carry out real-time early warning monitoring on the old house, can intuitively and comprehensively know and monitor the overall health condition of the old house, and accordingly judges the overall old degree of the old house structure and the corresponding compensation or compensation standard or reinforcement method. This patent is directed to static security monitoring of old premises in a fixed steady state and does not involve monitoring during the dismantling process.
Therefore, in the prior art, the research on a safety monitoring method in the process of dismantling and modifying a super high-rise building is insufficient, especially for a dismantling and modifying mode of segmented construction, at present, no good monitoring method is available for ensuring construction safety, ideal and appropriate monitoring floors cannot be effectively identified, the informatization degree is not high, monitoring data cannot be checked in real time through a mobile terminal, and an effective visible internet of things model is not formed, so that the current situation that no effective informatization monitoring method and system are needed for dismantling and modifying the super high-rise building is urgently solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a method and a system for informatization monitoring of the demolition and modification of a super high-rise building, which are mainly used for solving the problems that in the prior art, a safety monitoring method for the demolition and modification of the super high-rise building structure is lagged, not strong in adaptability, low in informatization degree and the like.
In a first aspect, the invention provides an informatization monitoring method for demolition and modification of a super high-rise building, wherein the demolition and modification process of the building is to perform construction classification on the building, generate a plurality of construction levels, demolition and modification are performed on each construction level from top to bottom from a first construction level, and demolition and modification comprise the following steps in each construction level: demolishing each floor from top to bottom, rebuilding each floor from bottom to top, characterized in that, the monitoring method comprises the following steps:
monitoring and grading buildings, wherein each monitoring grade comprises at least one floor, and at least one floor is selected from each monitoring grade to be distributed with a monitoring net, wherein each monitoring net comprises a plurality of monitoring units;
in the process of dismantling and modifying each construction level, on-site exploration is carried out to obtain monitoring data, and the monitoring data are sent to a server;
the server determines the actual monitoring position of each monitoring data based on the building three-dimensional model and the positioning information of each monitoring unit, automatically identifies a corresponding visual dynamic module in the building three-dimensional model according to the actual monitoring position, substitutes the monitoring data into the visual dynamic module, and establishes a building information monitoring model so as to check the actual position and the corresponding monitoring data of each monitoring network and each monitoring unit.
In some embodiments, in the process of modifying each construction level, when the monitoring data is obtained by field exploration and sent to the server, the following steps are further performed:
and determining the worst floor in each monitoring level, monitoring the worst floor, sending monitoring data to a server, and triggering a visual dynamic module corresponding to an actual monitoring position in the three-dimensional model of the building.
In some embodiments, a monitoring threshold value of each worst floor is set, when the monitoring data exceeds the monitoring threshold value, the building informatization monitoring model gives out acousto-optic early warning, and a field acousto-optic module arranged in the building is controlled to give out early warning.
In some embodiments, a plurality of monitoring units in one monitoring level transmit monitoring data to a hierarchical information processor through a wired network, the hierarchical information processor is arranged in a corresponding monitoring level floor, a corresponding address tag is allocated to each monitoring data, and the monitoring data collected by the hierarchical information processor is transmitted to a server through a wireless network connection mode.
In some embodiments, the monitoring data is obtained by the monitoring unit exploring the site in real time, and the grading information processor sends data information to the server according to a set time frequency, so that the monitoring data is stored locally in units of monitoring grades.
In some embodiments, the sine wave excitation signal frequency parameter adjustment is continuously performed on the monitoring unit during field exploration, and the monitoring calculation model corresponding to the monitoring unit is used for calculating and correcting monitoring data.
In some embodiments, a plurality of monitoring levels are defined and divided into a high-level monitoring level and a low-level monitoring level, the newly-built structure of each floor is a steel reinforced concrete beam and a cast-in-place steel reinforced concrete floor, and the monitoring units comprise embedded strain gauges and surface-mounted strain gauges;
arranging at least one embedded strain gauge at a joint of a steel beam head in a low-level monitoring stage, and mounting a surface-mounted strain gauge in a span of the steel reinforced concrete beam;
and a surface-mounted strain gauge is arranged in the span of the steel reinforced concrete beam in the high-rise monitoring level.
In some embodiments, in a low-level monitoring stage, two embedded strain gauges are arranged at each steel beam head node, the two embedded strain gauges are respectively bound at upper and lower longitudinal bars of the steel beam head node, the surface-mounted strain gauges are welded at a web plate of the steel reinforced concrete beam through mounting bases, and the direction of the surface-mounted strain gauges is parallel to the steel reinforced concrete beam;
in a high-rise monitoring level, the surface-mounted strain gauge is adhered to the concrete surface of the steel reinforced concrete beam through epoxy resin structural adhesive.
In some embodiments, when measuring the floors selected from the high-rise monitoring levels, the measurement is performed sequentially from bottom to top.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an informatization monitoring system for the disassembly and modification of a super high-rise building, which is applied to the informatization monitoring method for the disassembly and modification of the super high-rise building, and comprises a server and a plurality of monitoring networks;
the monitoring networks are respectively arranged in floors selected from each monitoring level, the monitoring levels are obtained by monitoring and grading buildings, and each monitoring level comprises at least one floor; the monitoring network is configured to explore field monitoring data in the process of modifying floors in each monitoring level and send the monitoring data to the server;
the server is configured to determine an actual measurement position of each monitoring data based on the building three-dimensional model and the positioning information of each monitoring unit, automatically identify a corresponding visual dynamic module in the building three-dimensional model, and establish the building informatization monitoring model.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a hierarchical information processor, the hierarchical information processor is arranged in a floor of the monitoring level and corresponds to each monitoring level one by one, the hierarchical information processor is connected with the plurality of monitoring networks in one monitoring level, the hierarchical information processor is configured to assign a corresponding address tag to each monitoring data, and the hierarchical information processor is connected with the server in a wireless network.
In some embodiments, the monitoring network comprises a control chip, a conversion unit, an excitation unit, a storage unit and a plurality of monitoring units, wherein the monitoring units are electrically connected with the control chip through the conversion unit and the excitation unit respectively, and the control chip is electrically connected with the storage unit and the grading information processor respectively;
the control chip adjusts the frequency parameters of the sine wave excitation signals of the monitoring units through the excitation units according to different monitoring units, calculates modified monitoring data by using corresponding monitoring calculation models, and stores the monitoring data in the storage units of corresponding floors.
In some embodiments, the monitoring unit comprises an embedded strain gauge and a surface-mounted strain gauge, and the newly-built structures of each floor are a steel reinforced concrete beam and a cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor;
the embedded strain gauge is arranged at the joint of the head of the steel beam, and the surface-mounted strain gauge is arranged in the span of the steel reinforced concrete beam.
In some embodiments, two embedded strain gauges are respectively bound at the upper and lower longitudinal bars of the steel beam head node; the surface-mounted strain gauge is welded at a web plate of the steel reinforced concrete beam through the mounting base, or is adhered to the concrete surface of the steel reinforced concrete beam through epoxy resin structural adhesive.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a site acousto-optic module, wherein the site acousto-optic module is arranged in the building and gives out an early warning when the monitoring data monitored by the monitoring network exceeds a monitoring threshold value.
In some embodiments, the server includes, but is not limited to, a cell phone application client, a computer client.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the disclosure, at least one floor is selected from each monitoring level to be arranged with a monitoring network, so that high cost and complex modes of monitoring all floors are avoided, monitoring data of the selected floor are monitored along with rigidity change of a building in the construction process of carrying out graded demolition and modification on the building, visualization is carried out in a server, a dynamic module is identified from a three-dimensional model of the building, the building informatization monitoring model is established, and data information is convenient to check;
calculating and setting a monitoring threshold value of each worst floor, automatically comparing the monitoring data, wherein the detection threshold value of each monitoring level, each floor and even each monitoring unit can be determined according to the actual calculation result, so that the method is suitable for individualized monitoring of a special dismantling and modifying method similar to the method of the invention, wherein the method is dismantled from top to bottom and rebuilt from bottom to top, and sound and light early warning is realized, including sound and light early warning in a remote server and field sound and light early warning in a building;
in order to realize efficient transmission and effective storage of monitoring data, the monitoring data are collected in a centralized manner by using a hierarchical information processor by taking a monitoring level as a unit, address labels are distributed correspondingly, the monitoring data are transmitted to a server by using a wireless network, and the monitoring data are stored locally, so that the centralized processing of the data is facilitated, the server is favorable for checking the number of each monitoring data, and the safety of data storage is also improved;
due to the fact that the dismantling and modifying process of the super high-rise building is long, data monitoring can be conducted in a centralized control room, real-time monitoring can be conducted on a mobile phone application client side, the building information monitoring model is directly displayed on an application interface, the actual position of each monitoring network and the actual position of each detection unit and corresponding monitoring data can be clearly seen, data can be conveniently checked anytime and anywhere, the visualization effect is good, the information degree is high, and field checking is avoided.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an informatization monitoring method for the disassembly and modification of a super high-rise building disclosed by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the monitoring threshold judgment in the information monitoring method for the demolition and modification of a super high-rise building disclosed by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic frame structure diagram of the information monitoring system for the disassembly and modification of a super high-rise building disclosed by the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic frame structure diagram of a monitoring stage in the information monitoring system for the disassembly and modification of a super high-rise building disclosed by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, when it is described that a specific device is located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intervening device between the specific device and the first device or the second device. When a particular device is described as being coupled to other devices, that particular device may be directly coupled to the other devices without intervening devices or may be directly coupled to the other devices with intervening devices.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
The applicant researches and discovers that:
according to the industry standard and definition, the super high-rise building refers to a building with more than 40 floors and more than 100 meters of height. The Chinese general rule for civil building design GB 50352-2005 stipulates: when the building height exceeds 100m, the building is a super high-rise building regardless of the residence and public buildings. In the prior art, the research on a safety monitoring method in the process of dismantling and modifying a super high-rise building is insufficient, especially for the dismantling and modifying mode of segmented construction, at present, a good monitoring method is not available for ensuring construction safety, ideal and appropriate monitoring floors cannot be effectively identified, the informatization degree is not high, monitoring data cannot be checked in real time through a mobile terminal, and an effective visible internet of things model is not formed, so that the current situation that no effective informatization monitoring method and system are needed for dismantling and modifying the super high-rise building is urgently solved.
In view of the above, referring to fig. 1 to 2, in a first aspect, the present disclosure provides an informatization monitoring method for demolition and modification of a super high-rise building, wherein a building demolition and modification process is to perform construction grading on a building, generate a plurality of construction levels, demolition and modification are performed on each construction level from top to bottom starting from a first construction level, and in each construction level, demolition and modification include: demolishing each floor from top to bottom, rebuilding each floor from bottom to top, wherein the monitoring method comprises the following steps:
monitoring and grading the building, and sequentially dividing the building into a first monitoring level and a second monitoring level … … Nth monitoring level from top to bottom, wherein each monitoring level comprises at least one floor, and at least one floor is selected from each monitoring level to be arranged with a monitoring net, wherein each monitoring net comprises a plurality of monitoring units; in addition, the monitoring and grading of the building in the monitoring method can be consistent with the construction grading in the dismantling and modifying process, and can also be more refined or simplified on the basis of the construction grading in the dismantling and modifying process, so that the monitoring grade and the construction grade can comprise the same floor or different floors according to the specific building floor grading condition;
in the process of dismantling and modifying each construction level, monitoring units of monitoring networks in different monitoring levels acquire monitoring data through field exploration and send the monitoring data to a server;
the server determines the actual monitoring position of each monitoring data based on the building three-dimensional model and the positioning information of each monitoring unit, automatically identifies a corresponding visual dynamic module in the building three-dimensional model according to the actual monitoring position, substitutes the monitoring data into the visual dynamic module, and establishes a building information monitoring model so as to check the actual position and the corresponding monitoring data of each monitoring network and each monitoring unit.
More specifically, the detailed process of building demolition and modification in this embodiment is to demolish, initially, from the highest first construction level, layer by layer from top to bottom, and it should be noted that each floor in the first construction level may be completely demolished, and then rebuild from the lowest floor in the first construction level; or after a certain appointed floor is dismantled, the building is rebuilt from the floor layer by layer upwards, and after a plurality of layers are rebuilt upwards, the building is dismantled downwards from the undetached floor; synchronously, after the first construction level is dismantled, the second construction level is dismantled in a proper way, so that the situation of synchronous construction of the dismantling and building grades is formed, and as the dismantling and building process is advanced, when the previous construction level is not completely rebuilt, the next construction level is dismantled, for a super high-rise building, the structural rigidity of the super high-rise building is changed constantly, when the high-rise construction level is dismantled, the construction level rigidity of the low-rise building is weakened, and when the high-rise construction level is rebuilt, the construction level rigidity of the low-rise building is slowly strengthened; similarly, when the construction level of the low layer is dismantled, the rigidity of the construction level of the high layer is weakened, and when the construction level of the low layer is rebuilt, the rigidity of the construction level of the high layer is slowly strengthened. The number of floors included in each construction level can be the same for a plurality of construction levels, and then the construction levels are gradually decreased one by one, because in the former construction segment, because the former construction segment is close to the top-layer structure of the building structure, the influence of the removal and the modification of the part of construction segments on the overall rigidity of the building structure is small, the part of construction segments preferably comprises the same proper number of floor structures, the monitoring layout is convenient, in the latter construction segment, because the later construction segment is close to the bottom-layer structure of the building structure, the influence of the removal and the modification of the part of construction segments on the overall rigidity of the building structure is large, the part of construction segments is not suitable for comprising excessive floor structures, and more suitable for starting to gradually decrease the number, namely, the construction segments closer to the bottom comprise fewer floor structures. Accordingly, under the layered definition of the construction level, when monitoring classification is performed, the monitoring net layout of the front monitoring level can be relatively less dense, and the monitoring net layout of the rear monitoring level can be relatively more dense.
In this embodiment, as the stiffness of the building changes, the selected monitoring floor is also being adapted. In this case, at least one floor is selected from each monitoring level to be arranged with the monitoring net, so that the high cost and complex mode that all floors are monitored is avoided, more specifically, the selected floor can be the floor next to the adjacent construction level, and can also be the worst floor obtained through calculation and analysis, wherein at least the factors of wind load parameters, floor constancy, live load, floor completion progress and the like are considered when the worst floor is determined:
1) the wind load parameter is 0.5kN/m at the time of 10 years of primary wind pressure2；
2) The constant and live load of the floor comprises the additional constant load of the floor and the load of the wall body;
3) the floor completion progress is the dismantling and modifying progress of each current construction level, and the concrete body can set that all the construction sections at the upper part of the current checking construction section are dismantled, and all the construction sections at the lower part of the current checking construction section are not dismantled, and the state is taken as an adverse consideration.
The monitoring method mainly protects the monitoring method, so that the modes of determining the worst floor are various, the environment conditions which can be defined according to the actual situation are various, and the mode of modeling finite element analysis by using calculation software can be used, and the description is not repeated.
Correspondingly arranging a monitoring net in a selected floor, wherein the monitoring net comprises a plurality of monitoring units, and the monitoring units comprise but are not limited to the following monitoring functions: tilt monitoring, vibration monitoring, settlement monitoring, displacement monitoring, and optical monitoring. In a floor, different monitoring units are installed at different monitoring positions, actual measurement conditions of different positions are reflected, a monitoring network sends monitoring data to a server, a three-dimensional model of a building is arranged in the server, the three-dimensional model is a building three-dimensional model constructed according to design data based on building engineering, the building three-dimensional model is led into the server to form a building simulation scene, setting floors of the monitoring network in each monitoring level and setting coordinate positions of specific monitoring units in the building three-dimensional model, each monitoring unit is provided with a corresponding visual dynamic module, all the visual dynamic modules are led into the building simulation scene, and the visual dynamic modules are universal templates and only have visual dynamic effects before data are substituted; because each monitoring data has corresponding positioning information, the server can correspond the monitoring data with a specific monitoring unit and a visual dynamic module, the corresponding relation is unique, in the normal monitoring process, a specific floor can be enlarged and seen in the building three-dimensional model, the position of the monitoring unit is included, the corresponding floor is clicked in the three-dimensional model or the monitoring unit can automatically identify the corresponding visual dynamic module, after the monitoring data is substituted into the visual dynamic module for playing chess, the visual dynamic module can update the monitoring data in real time or according to a certain frequency, or the data evaluation grade, normal or abnormal parameters and the like, and the building information monitoring model is established, so that the actual position and the corresponding monitoring data of each monitoring network and each monitoring unit can be checked, and an operator can conveniently check the data.
In addition, the server comprises but is not limited to a mobile phone application client and a computer client, in order to adapt to the long period of dismantling and modifying of the super high-rise building and avoid viewing data on site in the past, the data monitoring can be carried out in a centralized control room, the real-time monitoring can also be carried out on the mobile phone application client, the building information monitoring model is directly displayed on an application interface, the actual position and the corresponding monitoring data of each monitoring network and each detection unit can be clearly seen, the data can be conveniently viewed at any time and any place, the visualization effect is good, and the informatization degree is high.
With reference to fig. 2, as an embodiment, by designing a regulation or a normative rule, setting a monitoring threshold of each worst floor, where the monitoring thresholds of the high floor and the low floor are different, even if the monitoring thresholds of different positions in the same floor are different, the corresponding monitoring thresholds may be values such as an inclination, a vibration amplitude, a settlement amplitude, and a displacement according to the types of the monitoring units, and the detection threshold of each monitoring level, each floor, and even each monitoring unit may be determined according to an actual calculation result, and is suitable for personalized monitoring of a special dismantling method like dismantling from top to bottom and rebuilding from bottom to top in the present invention; when monitoring data are transmitted to a server, the monitoring data are automatically compared, when the monitoring data monitored by a monitoring network exceed the monitoring threshold, a building information monitoring model sends out acousto-optic early warning, and controls a site acousto-optic module arranged in a building to send out early warning, the acousto-optic early warning in a remote server and the site acousto-optic early warning in the building are both provided, wherein the site acousto-optic module is arranged on each floor, when the monitoring data monitored by a monitoring unit of a specific floor exceed the monitoring threshold, the site acousto-optic module corresponding to the floor sends out acousto-optic early warning, and the more the monitoring threshold is exceeded, the stronger the emitted acousto-optic signal is; additionally, intelligent equipment can be worn for staff who is under construction on the spot, and when the monitoring data surpassed corresponding monitoring threshold value, utilize intelligent equipment to provide vibration signal for staff, avoid it to be under construction in some dark closed and the big environment of noise, fail in time to hear acousto-optic signal. After the acousto-optic early warning is sent out, the staff makes corresponding corrective measures, and then the data and the judgment are re-detected, and the steps are repeated.
In this embodiment, a plurality of monitoring units in one monitoring level transmit monitoring data to a hierarchical information processor through a wired network, the hierarchical information processor is arranged in a corresponding monitoring level floor, wherein the hierarchical information processor can be fixed on a top layer or a bottom layer of the corresponding monitoring level; the hierarchical information processor distributes a corresponding address label to each monitoring data, the hierarchical information processor is in wireless network connection with the server, local information transmission from the monitoring unit to the hierarchical information processor is achieved through wired network connection, then wireless network transmission is achieved, remote transmission between the hierarchical information processor and the server is achieved, site construction and wiring are facilitated, centralized processing of data is facilitated, the server clearly distinguishes measuring points and floors corresponding to each monitoring data according to the address labels distributed by the monitoring data, a built-in building three-dimensional model is combined, a dynamic module corresponding to an actual measuring position can be accurately triggered, the server is favorable for entering each monitoring data into a seat in a number-to-number mode, and accuracy of the monitoring data in display and lookup is improved. In addition, the hierarchical information processor can also switch a data sending mode, namely when the hierarchical information processor is sent to a mobile phone application client or a computer client, corresponding preprocessing is carried out on data in advance, and the operation pressure of a terminal server is relieved.
Additionally, in order to reduce the data transmission pressure of the server and reduce the construction difficulty, the monitoring units explore the field monitoring data in real time and ensure the data integrity, the grading information processor sends data information to the server according to a set time frequency, which can be once a day or once a week, each monitoring unit in a time unit selects the maximum monitoring data to send to the server in a wireless network transmission mode, simultaneously, the communication pressure of the monitoring units is reduced, the equipment volume is reduced, the convenience and flexibility of installing the monitoring units in a multi-storey building are improved, the environmental adaptability is good, the monitoring operation cost is reduced, in addition, in order to improve the data storage safety, the monitoring data is stored locally by taking the monitoring level as a unit, all the monitoring data of a plurality of monitoring networks in one monitoring level are sent to the storage unit in real time to be stored, therefore, the change process of the data monitored by each monitoring network in the whole process of dismantling and modifying the super high-rise building is conveniently recorded, the follow-up research and data tracing are facilitated, and the local data can be still stored even if the wireless network is interrupted.
Furthermore, according to the type of the monitoring unit, a string strain gauge is often used, in order to improve the accuracy of monitoring data in the process of dismantling and modifying, during field exploration, sine wave excitation signal frequency parameter adjustment is continuously carried out on the monitoring unit, resonance frequency change of the string strain gauge caused by structural strain is continuously measured in a frequency sweeping mode, and by utilizing various pre-stored monitoring calculation models, the monitoring calculation model corresponding to the monitoring unit is used for calculating and modifying monitoring data, so that a calculation result of a precise modified strain value corresponding to the resonance frequency is obtained, and the monitoring data is stored in a storage unit of a corresponding floor. The method for accurately correcting the monitoring data can adapt to different monitoring environments by selecting different monitoring calculation models and adapt to the monitoring environment change caused in the dismounting and modifying process, so that the data accuracy is improved.
Example 1:
in this embodiment 1, there are 48 floors in total, and the total of the 48 floors are divided into 9 monitoring levels from top to bottom, the first 6 monitoring levels respectively include 6 floors of buildings, the 7 th monitoring level includes 5 floors of buildings, the 8 th monitoring level includes 4 floors of buildings, and the 9 th monitoring level includes 3 floors of buildings; firstly, the structure of 48 floors exceeds 40 floors, which meets the definition of super high-rise buildings, and then in China, civil residential buildings are classified according to the number of ground floors and are divided to accord with the following regulations:
1) one to three floors are low-rise houses;
2) the four to six floors are multi-storey houses;
3) seven to nine floors are medium and high-rise houses;
4) high-rise houses are arranged at ten floors and more than ten floors, wherein ultrahigh-rise houses are arranged at forty floors and more than forty floors;
in connection with the international conference on high-rise buildings held by bery city in pennsylvania in 1972, month 8, classification and definition of high-rise buildings were specifically discussed and proposed:
1) the first type of high-rise building: 9-16 layers (up to 50 meters in height);
2) a second type of high-rise building: 17-25 layers (up to 75 meters in height);
3) a third type of high-rise building: 26-40 layers (up to 100 meters);
4) super high-rise building: more than 40 layers (more than 100 meters in height).
In the embodiment, the first monitoring level, the second monitoring level, the third monitoring level and the fourth monitoring level are defined as high-rise monitoring levels, the fifth monitoring level, the sixth monitoring level, the seventh monitoring level, the eighth monitoring level and the ninth monitoring level are defined as low-rise monitoring levels, wherein the fourth monitoring level comprises 25-30 floors, the fifth monitoring level comprises 19-24 floors, the 26 lowest floors in the third-class high-rise building fall into the fourth monitoring level, and the monitoring level is used as a boundary line between the high-rise monitoring level and the low-rise monitoring level; after the original structures such as shear walls, load-bearing columns and the like are removed, the newly-built structures of each floor are a steel reinforced concrete beam and a cast-in-place steel reinforced concrete floor slab, and the monitoring unit comprises an embedded strain gauge and a surface-mounted strain gauge;
considering the difference of the stress of the high-rise monitoring level and the low-rise monitoring level, generally speaking, the lower the floor is, the larger the stress is, and the stress condition of the structure of the low floor is more complicated and unfavorable relative to the high floor, therefore, at least one embedded strain gauge is arranged at the head node of the steel beam in the low-rise monitoring level, and a surface-mounted strain gauge is arranged in the span of the steel reinforced concrete beam; and a surface-mounted strain gauge is arranged in the span of the steel reinforced concrete beam in the high-rise monitoring level.
The embedded strain gauge is directly embedded in the stress position of the monitored component, and the stress deformation condition of the monitored component can be directly reflected, so that whether the stress deformation of the modified structure is safe and controllable can be known, stress monitoring can be performed on a single modified component in a targeted manner, the stress condition of the modified component and the original structure can be mastered in real time, and the safety of the modified structure can be comprehensively known as a whole.
More specifically, in the low-level monitoring levels, a nineteenth layer is selected from the fifth monitoring level, a thirteenth layer is selected from the sixth monitoring level, an eighth layer is selected from the seventh monitoring level, a fourth layer is selected from the eighth monitoring level, a second layer is selected from the ninth monitoring level, after the nineteenth layer, the thirteenth layer, the eighth layer, the fourth layer and the second layer of steel beams are installed, two embedded strain gauges are arranged at the head node of each steel beam, and are respectively bound to the upper longitudinal bar and the lower longitudinal bar of the head node of the steel beam so as to monitor the stress condition of the longitudinal bar of the section steel concrete beam; additionally, a surface-mounted type stress meter is installed at the midspan position of the section steel beam, the surface-mounted type strain meter is welded at a web plate of the section steel concrete beam through an installation base, and the direction of the surface-mounted type strain meter is parallel to the section steel concrete beam;
in the high-rise monitoring level, a forty-third layer is selected in the first monitoring level, a thirty-seventh layer is selected in the second monitoring level, a thirty-first layer is selected in the third monitoring level, a twenty-fifth layer is selected in the fourth monitoring level, a surface-mounted strain gauge is adopted for monitoring and arranged in the span of the section steel concrete beam, and the surface-mounted strain gauge is adhered to the concrete surface of the section steel concrete beam through epoxy resin structural adhesive.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the newly-built structures of each floor are the steel reinforced concrete beams and the cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor slabs as an illustration, it should be understood that the monitoring method is also applicable to the structural beams and the structural slabs in which the newly-built structures are other structural forms, and the steel reinforced concrete beams and the cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor slabs do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Additionally, in the above embodiment, in order to simplify the process, the classification for the monitoring level is also applicable to the classification for the construction level, that is, the floor structure distribution of the monitoring level and the construction level is the same.
As an implementation mode, when two floors selected from the two high-rise monitoring levels are measured, a mode of sequentially measuring from bottom to top is adopted, namely after the twenty-fifth-layer stress monitoring obtains certain data, the strain gauge is disassembled and transferred to the thirty-third-layer same-position installation, and monitoring is carried out again, so that the arrangement of the monitoring net can be synchronously arranged, and also can be disassembled and transferred to the measurement of the later floors after the previous floors are measured.
Alternatively, the data reading is directly connected through a special instrument, the comprehensive tester is provided with a sensor connecting socket, and the strain gauge provided with a plug can be directly inserted into the instrument for measurement. According to the field progress, the data of each strain gauge is adjusted to an initial value before concrete pouring, and the recorded data is read every 3 days after the concrete pouring and is stored in a computer. The comprehensive tester can directly display physical quantity values and vibration frequency (Hz), and the measurement is visual, simple, convenient and quick. For sensors with electronic numbering, "paperless" testing can be achieved. The instrument can be electronically stored for field data and transmitted to a computer to form an electronic file.
In a second aspect, referring to fig. 3 to 4, the invention further provides a system for monitoring the disassembly and modification informatization of the super high-rise building, which is applied to the method for monitoring the disassembly and modification informatization of the super high-rise building, and comprises a server and a plurality of monitoring networks;
the monitoring nets are respectively arranged in floors selected from each monitoring level, the monitoring levels are obtained by carrying out construction grading on the building, and each monitoring level comprises at least one floor; the monitoring network is configured to explore site monitoring data in the process of modifying floors in each monitoring level and send the monitoring data to the server;
the server is configured to determine the actual measurement position of each monitoring data based on the building three-dimensional model and the positioning information of each monitoring unit, a specific certain floor including the position of the monitoring point can be seen in the building three-dimensional model in an enlarged mode, the corresponding floor is clicked in the three-dimensional model or the corresponding visual dynamic module can be automatically identified by the monitoring unit, an operator can conveniently check the data, and the building information monitoring model is established.
One monitoring network corresponds to one floor, the most unfavorable floor is selected to arrange the monitoring network in combination with the dismantling and modifying process of the super high-rise building, the monitoring network monitors the stress of a single modified component, the stress conditions of the modified component and the original structure are mastered in a targeted and real-time manner, and data are transmitted to a server; the server comprises but is not limited to a mobile phone application client and a computer client, in order to adapt to the long period of dismantling and modifying of the super high-rise building and avoid viewing data on site in the past, the data monitoring can be carried out in a centralized control room, the real-time monitoring can also be carried out on the mobile phone application client, the building information monitoring model is directly displayed on an application interface, the actual positions and the corresponding monitoring data of each monitoring network and each detection unit are clearly seen, the data can be conveniently viewed at any time and any place, the visualization effect is good, and the informatization degree is high.
As an implementation mode, the system further comprises a hierarchical information processor, wherein the hierarchical information processor is arranged in a floor of the monitoring level and corresponds to each monitoring level one by one, and the hierarchical information processor can be fixed on the top layer or the bottom layer of the corresponding monitoring level; the hierarchical information processor is connected with a plurality of monitoring networks in a monitoring level through a wired network, and is connected with the server through a wireless network, more particularly, the hierarchical information processor allocates a corresponding address label to each monitoring data, the hierarchical information processor is connected with the server through the wireless network, local information transmission from the monitoring unit to the hierarchical information processor is realized through the wired network connection, then remote transmission between the hierarchical information processor and the server is realized through the wireless network transmission, the site construction and wiring are convenient, the centralized processing of the data is facilitated, the server clearly distinguishes a measuring point and a floor corresponding to each monitoring data according to the address label allocated by the monitoring data, and a built-in building three-dimensional model is combined, a dynamic module corresponding to an actual measuring position can be accurately triggered, and the server is facilitated to perform number matching on each monitoring data, the accuracy of the monitoring data in the process of displaying and consulting is improved.
In this embodiment, the monitoring network includes a control chip, a conversion unit, an excitation unit, a storage unit and a plurality of monitoring units, the monitoring units are electrically connected with the control chip through the conversion unit and the excitation unit respectively, the monitoring data detected by the monitoring units are converted by the conversion unit, I/V conversion and a/D conversion are sequentially performed, and then the converted data are transmitted to the control chip, specifically, the control chip generates a sine wave excitation signal through the excitation unit, frequency parameter adjustment of the sine wave excitation signal is performed on the monitoring units, resonance frequency change of the string strain gauge due to structural strain is continuously measured in a frequency sweep manner, and the corrected monitoring data are calculated from the corresponding monitoring calculation model by using a plurality of pre-stored monitoring calculation models, so as to obtain a calculation result of an accurate corrected strain value corresponding to the resonance frequency, the control chip is respectively and electrically connected with the storage unit and the grading information processor; the control chip adjusts the frequency parameters of the sine wave excitation signals of the monitoring units through the excitation units according to different monitoring units, calculates modified monitoring data by using corresponding monitoring calculation models, and stores the monitoring data in the storage units of corresponding floors.
The monitoring unit comprises an embedded strain gauge and a surface-mounted strain gauge, and the newly-built structures of each floor are a steel reinforced concrete beam and a cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor;
the embedded strain gauge is arranged at the joint of the head of the steel beam, and the surface-mounted strain gauge is arranged in the span of the steel reinforced concrete beam. Wherein, the two embedded strain gauges are respectively tied at the upper and lower longitudinal bars of the joint of the steel beam head; the surface-mounted strain gauge is welded at a web plate of the steel reinforced concrete beam through the mounting base, or is adhered to the concrete surface of the steel reinforced concrete beam through epoxy resin structural adhesive.
Furthermore, considering the difference of the stress of the high-rise monitoring level and the low-rise monitoring level, at least one embedded strain gauge is arranged at the joint of the head of the steel beam in the low-rise monitoring level, and a surface-mounted strain gauge is arranged in the span of the steel reinforced concrete beam; and a surface-mounted strain gauge is arranged in the span of the steel reinforced concrete beam in the high-rise monitoring level.
In a low-level monitoring level, after the steel beam of a selected floor is installed, two embedded strain gauges are arranged at each steel beam head node, and the two embedded strain gauges are respectively bound to upper and lower longitudinal bars of the steel beam head node so as to monitor the stress condition of the longitudinal bars of the steel reinforced concrete beam node; additionally, a surface-mounted type stress meter is installed at the midspan position of the section steel beam, the surface-mounted type strain meter is welded at a web plate of the section steel concrete beam through an installation base, and the direction of the surface-mounted type strain meter is parallel to the section steel concrete beam;
in a high-rise monitoring level, a surface-mounted strain gauge is adopted for monitoring and arranged in the span of the steel reinforced concrete beam, and the surface-mounted strain gauge is adhered to the concrete surface of the steel reinforced concrete beam through epoxy resin structural adhesive.
As an implementation mode, the system further comprises a site acousto-optic module, wherein the site acousto-optic module is arranged in each floor in the building and gives out early warning when monitoring data monitored by the monitoring network exceeds a monitoring threshold value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the information monitoring method and the system for the disassembly and modification of the super high-rise building, at least one floor is selected in each monitoring level to be provided with the monitoring net, so that the high cost and the complex mode that all floors are monitored are avoided, in the construction process of carrying out the hierarchical disassembly and modification on the building, along with the rigidity change of the building, the monitoring data of the selected floor are monitored and visualized in the server, a dynamic module is identified in a three-dimensional model of the building, and the information monitoring model of the building is established, so that the data information can be conveniently checked;
calculating and setting a monitoring threshold value of each worst floor, automatically comparing the monitoring data, wherein the detection threshold value of each monitoring level, each floor and even each monitoring unit can be determined according to the actual calculation result, so that the method is suitable for individualized monitoring of a special dismantling and modifying method similar to the method of the invention, wherein the method is dismantled from top to bottom and rebuilt from bottom to top, and sound and light early warning is realized, including sound and light early warning in a remote server and field sound and light early warning in a building;
in order to realize efficient transmission and effective storage of monitoring data, the monitoring data are collected in a centralized manner by using a hierarchical information processor by taking a monitoring level as a unit, address labels are distributed correspondingly, the monitoring data are transmitted to a server by using a wireless network, and the monitoring data are stored locally, so that the centralized processing of the data is facilitated, the server is favorable for checking the number of each monitoring data, and the safety of data storage is also improved;
due to the fact that the dismantling and modifying process of the super high-rise building is long, data monitoring can be conducted in a centralized control room, real-time monitoring can be conducted on a mobile phone application client side, the building information monitoring model is directly displayed on an application interface, the actual position of each monitoring network and the actual position of each detection unit and corresponding monitoring data can be clearly seen, data can be conveniently checked anytime and anywhere, the visualization effect is good, the information degree is high, and field checking is avoided.
Finally, it should be emphasized that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but only the preferred embodiments of the invention have been described above, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. An informatization monitoring method for the demolition and modification of a super high-rise building is characterized in that the demolition and modification process of the building is that the construction of the building is graded to generate a plurality of construction levels, each construction level is demolished and modified from top to bottom from the first construction level, and in each construction level, demolition and modification comprise the following steps: demolishing each floor from top to bottom, rebuilding each floor from bottom to top, characterized in that, the monitoring method comprises the following steps:
monitoring and grading buildings, wherein each monitoring grade comprises at least one floor, and at least one floor is selected from each monitoring grade to be distributed with a monitoring net, wherein each monitoring net comprises a plurality of monitoring units;
in the process of dismantling and modifying each construction level, on-site exploration is carried out to obtain monitoring data, and the monitoring data are sent to a server;
the server determines the actual monitoring position of each monitoring data based on the building three-dimensional model and the positioning information of each monitoring unit, automatically identifies a corresponding visual dynamic module in the building three-dimensional model according to the actual monitoring position, substitutes the monitoring data into the visual dynamic module, and establishes a building information monitoring model so as to check the actual position and the corresponding monitoring data of each monitoring network and each monitoring unit.
2. The informatization monitoring method for demolition and modification of super high-rise buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that in the process of demolition and modification of each construction level, when monitoring data are obtained through field exploration and sent to a server, the following steps are further executed:
and determining the worst floor in each monitoring level, monitoring the worst floor, sending monitoring data to a server, and triggering a visual dynamic module corresponding to an actual monitoring position in the three-dimensional model of the building.
3. The informatization monitoring method for the disassembly and modification of super high-rise buildings as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a monitoring threshold value of each worst floor is set, when the monitoring data exceeds the monitoring threshold value, the informatization monitoring model of the buildings sends out acousto-optic early warning, and controls an on-site acousto-optic module arranged in the buildings to send out the early warning.
4. The information monitoring method for demolition and modification of super high-rise buildings according to claim 3, wherein the monitoring units in one monitoring level transmit the monitoring data to the hierarchical information processor through a wired network, the hierarchical information processor is disposed in the corresponding monitoring level floor, a corresponding address tag is assigned to each monitoring data, and the monitoring data collected by the hierarchical information processor is transmitted to the server through a wireless network connection.
5. The informatization monitoring method for super high-rise building demolition and modification as claimed in claim 4, wherein the monitoring data is obtained by the real-time exploration on site of the monitoring unit, and the grading information processor sends data information to the server according to a set time frequency, and the monitoring data is stored locally in units of monitoring grade.
6. The informatization monitoring method for demolition and modification of super high-rise buildings according to claim 4, characterized in that during field exploration, the sine wave excitation signal frequency parameter adjustment is continuously performed on the monitoring unit, and the monitoring data is calculated and corrected by using the monitoring calculation model corresponding to the monitoring unit.
7. The informatization monitoring method for the disassembly and modification of a super high-rise building as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a plurality of monitoring levels are defined and divided into a high-rise monitoring level and a low-rise monitoring level, the newly-built structures of each floor are a steel reinforced concrete beam and a cast-in-place steel reinforced concrete floor, and the monitoring units comprise an embedded strain gauge and a surface-mounted strain gauge;
arranging at least one embedded strain gauge at a joint of a steel beam head in a low-level monitoring stage, and mounting a surface-mounted strain gauge in a span of the steel reinforced concrete beam;
and a surface-mounted strain gauge is arranged in the span of the steel reinforced concrete beam in the high-rise monitoring level.
8. The informatization monitoring method for structural modification of a super high-rise building as claimed in claim 7, wherein in a low-rise monitoring level, two embedded strain gauges are arranged at each steel beam head node, the two embedded strain gauges are respectively bound at upper and lower longitudinal bars of the steel beam head node, the surface-mounted strain gauges are welded at a web plate of the section steel concrete beam through a mounting base, and the direction of the surface-mounted strain gauges is parallel to the section steel concrete beam;
in a high-rise monitoring level, the surface-mounted strain gauge is adhered to the concrete surface of the steel reinforced concrete beam through epoxy resin structural adhesive.
9. The informatization monitoring method for the disassembly and modification of super high-rise buildings as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that when measuring several floors selected from several high-rise monitoring levels, the measurement is performed in a manner of sequential from bottom to top.
10. An informatization monitoring system for the disassembly and modification of the super high-rise building, which is applied to the informatization monitoring method for the disassembly and modification of the super high-rise building as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising a server and a plurality of monitoring networks;
the monitoring networks are respectively arranged in floors selected from each monitoring level, the monitoring levels are obtained by monitoring and grading buildings, and each monitoring level comprises at least one floor; the monitoring network is configured to explore field monitoring data in the process of modifying floors in each monitoring level and send the monitoring data to the server;
the server is configured to determine an actual measurement position of each monitoring data based on the building three-dimensional model and the positioning information of each monitoring unit, automatically identify a corresponding visual dynamic module in the building three-dimensional model, and establish the building informatization monitoring model.
11. The information-based monitoring system for demolition and modification of super high-rise buildings according to claim 10, further comprising a hierarchical information processor disposed in a floor of a monitoring stage and corresponding to each monitoring stage one by one, the hierarchical information processor being connected to the plurality of monitoring networks located in one monitoring stage through a wired network, the hierarchical information processor being configured to assign a corresponding address tag to each monitoring data, the hierarchical information processor being connected to a server through a wireless network.
12. The information monitoring system for the demolition and modification of a super high-rise building as claimed in claim 11, wherein the monitoring network comprises a control chip, a conversion unit, an excitation unit, a storage unit and a plurality of monitoring units, the monitoring units are electrically connected with the control chip through the conversion unit and the excitation unit respectively, and the control chip is electrically connected with the storage unit and the grading information processor respectively;
the control chip adjusts the frequency parameters of the sine wave excitation signals of the monitoring units through the excitation units according to different monitoring units, calculates modified monitoring data by using corresponding monitoring calculation models, and stores the monitoring data in the storage units of corresponding floors.
13. The informal monitoring system for demolition and modification of a super high-rise building according to claim 12, wherein the monitoring unit comprises an embedded strain gauge and a surface-mounted strain gauge, and the newly-built structures of each floor are a reinforced concrete beam and a cast-in-place reinforced concrete floor;
the embedded strain gauge is arranged at the joint of the head of the steel beam, and the surface-mounted strain gauge is arranged in the span of the steel reinforced concrete beam.
14. The information monitoring system for demolition and modification of super high-rise building according to claim 13, wherein two embedded strain gauges are respectively bound at upper and lower longitudinal bars of the steel beam head node; the surface-mounted strain gauge is welded at a web plate of the steel reinforced concrete beam through the mounting base, or is adhered to the concrete surface of the steel reinforced concrete beam through epoxy resin structural adhesive.
15. The informatization monitoring system for super high-rise building disassembly and modification of claim 14, further comprising an on-site acousto-optic module, wherein the on-site acousto-optic module is arranged in the building and gives an early warning when the monitoring data monitored by the monitoring network exceeds a monitoring threshold.
16. The system as claimed in claim 15, wherein the server includes but is not limited to a mobile phone application client and a computer client.
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