CN114224837A - Preparation method of antioxidant liposome - Google Patents
Preparation method of antioxidant liposome Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114224837A CN114224837A CN202111319560.XA CN202111319560A CN114224837A CN 114224837 A CN114224837 A CN 114224837A CN 202111319560 A CN202111319560 A CN 202111319560A CN 114224837 A CN114224837 A CN 114224837A
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- grape
- liposome
- antioxidant
- extract
- water
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- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an antioxidant liposome, belonging to the technical field of liposome.A distilled water extraction is firstly carried out on wine grape skin residues to obtain a grape skin water extract, and then an organic solvent is used for extraction to obtain a grape skin lipid-soluble substance; firstly, carrying out distilled water extraction on grape seeds to obtain a grape seed water extract, and then extracting the grape seed water extract by using ethanol to obtain a grape seed ethanol extract; dissolving the grape skin water extract and the grape seed water extract in a phosphate buffer solution to obtain a water phase; dissolving phospholipid, cholesterol, surfactant, grape skin lipid extract, grape seed alcohol extract, vitamin E and beta-carotene in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain an oil phase, injecting the oil phase into a water phase by an injection method to prepare an antioxidant liposome, and freeze-drying to obtain the antioxidant liposome freeze-dried powder. The invention embeds the grape extract in the liposome, improves the stability and bioavailability of the antioxidant active ingredients of the grape extract, and the obtained liposome can be used in the fields of food, cosmetics and medicines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liposome, in particular to a preparation method of an antioxidant liposome.
Background
Scientific studies have shown that cancer, aging or other diseases are mostly associated with the production of excess free radicals. Aging is a continuous change process, and the international mainstream believes that free radicals damage human cells, thereby causing a plurality of diseases and accelerating human aging, and an important means for delaying aging is anti-oxidation. Antioxidation refers to the abbreviation of antioxidant free radicals. The human body constantly generates radicals in the body due to continuous contact with the outside, including respiration (oxidation reaction), external contamination, radiation exposure, and the like. Research on antioxidation can effectively overcome the harm brought by the antioxidation, so the antioxidation is listed as one of main research and development directions by food and cosmetic enterprises and is also one of the most important functional requirements of the market.
However, most of the active ingredients with antioxidant function, such as resveratrol, procyanidin, vitamin E and beta-carotene, are unstable in chemical properties and easy to degrade, so that the application of the active ingredients is limited to a certain extent due to the defects of low bioavailability, difficult lasting action and the like.
The liposome technology is a novel active substance embedding technology, and active substances are embedded in a phospholipid bilayer while the phospholipid bilayer is formed by utilizing the self-assembly behavior of phospholipid molecules in the preparation process, so that the stability of the liposome can be improved, the damage of light, oxygen and the like to active ingredients can be reduced, and the liposome also has good slow release effect, targeting property, cell affinity, nontoxicity and histocompatibility.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a preparation method of an antioxidant liposome, wherein the grape skin extract contains rich resveratrol, and the grape seed extract contains rich procyanidine, so that the grape skin residue and grape seeds are extracted, the obtained extract is embedded by adopting a liposome technology to obtain the antioxidant liposome, the stability and bioavailability of active ingredients in the grape skin residue and the grape seeds are improved, and the liposome has good oxidation resistance and can be used in the fields of food, cosmetics and medicines.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of an antioxidant liposome comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of raw materials
S11, extracting grape skin residues, drying the wine grape skin residues, crushing and sieving, extracting with distilled water to obtain a grape skin water extract, and extracting with an organic solvent to obtain a grape skin lipid solution;
s12, extracting grape seeds, drying the grape seeds, crushing and sieving, extracting with distilled water to obtain a grape seed water extract, and extracting with ethanol to obtain a grape seed ethanol extract;
s2, preparation of antioxidant liposome
S21, preparing a water phase, namely weighing a grape skin water extract and a grape seed water extract respectively, and dissolving the grape skin water extract and the grape seed water extract by using a phosphate buffer solution to obtain the water phase;
s22, preparing an oil phase, namely weighing phospholipid, cholesterol, a surfactant, a grape skin lipid soluble substance, a grape seed alcohol extract, vitamin E and beta-carotene respectively, and dissolving the phospholipid, the cholesterol, the surfactant, the grape skin lipid soluble substance, the grape seed alcohol extract, the vitamin E and the beta-carotene by using absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain the oil phase;
s23, preparing an antioxidant liposome, namely injecting an oil phase into a stirred water phase at a proper speed by using a micro-syringe, stirring for hydration, performing rotary evaporation to remove ethanol, and dialyzing by using a dialysis bag to remove residual medicine and ethanol to obtain the antioxidant liposome;
s24, preparing antioxidant liposome freeze-dried powder, namely adding a protective agent into the dialyzed antioxidant liposome, pre-freezing the protective agent and then carrying out freeze drying on the protective agent to obtain the antioxidant liposome freeze-dried powder.
In the preparation method of the antioxidant liposome disclosed in the present application, the preparation method of the aqueous extract of grape skin in step S11 specifically comprises: recovering grape skin residue after fermenting grape wine, air drying at normal temperature in shady and cool place, pulverizing the air dried grape skin residue, and sieving with 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain grape skin powder for use; weighing 50g of grape skin powder, adding 3-5 times of distilled water, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30 min, and filtering to obtain water extract and filter residue; and (3) extracting the filter residue twice under the same conditions, combining the water extract, concentrating the water extract, and drying in vacuum at 40-50 ℃ to obtain the grape skin water extract.
In the preparation method of the antioxidant liposome disclosed in the present application, the preparation method of the grape skin lipid soluble substance in the step S11 specifically comprises the following steps: adding 3-5 times of organic solvent into the filter residue after water extraction, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30 min, and filtering to obtain an extracting solution and filter residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing extractive solutions, and rotary evaporating the extractive solutions to remove organic solvent to obtain grape skin lipid soluble substance.
In the preparation method of the antioxidant liposome disclosed in the present application, the organic solvent is ethyl acetate, methanol or 70% ethanol.
In the preparation method of the antioxidant liposome disclosed in the present application, the preparation method of the grape seed aqueous extract in step S12 specifically comprises: air drying grape seeds at normal temperature in a shady and cool place, crushing the air-dried grape seeds, and sieving with a 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain grape seed powder for later use; weighing 50g of grape seed powder, adding 3-5 times of distilled water, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30 min, and filtering to obtain water extract and filter residue; and (3) extracting the filter residue twice under the same conditions, combining the water extract, concentrating the water extract, and drying in vacuum at 40-50 ℃ to obtain the grape seed water extract.
In the preparation method of the antioxidant liposome disclosed in the present application, the preparation method of the grape seed alcohol extract in step S12 specifically comprises: adding 70% ethanol which is 3-5 times of the amount of the filter residue after water extraction, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30 min, and filtering to obtain an ethanol extract and filter residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing the alcoholic extractive solutions, and rotary evaporating the alcoholic extractive solutions to remove ethanol to obtain grape seed alcoholic extract.
In the preparation method of the antioxidant liposome disclosed in the present application, the step S21 specifically includes: respectively weighing a grape skin water extract and a grape seed water extract, and dissolving the grape skin water extract and the grape seed water extract by using a phosphate buffer solution to obtain a water phase; wherein the concentration of the grape skin water extract is 1-3 mg/mL, and the concentration of the grape seed water extract is 1-3 mg/mL.
In the preparation method of the antioxidant liposome disclosed in the present application, the step S22 specifically includes: weighing the materials in proportion, wherein the yolk lecithin: cholesterol: sodium cholate: grape skin lipid soluble matter: grape seed alcohol extract: vitamin E: adding a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol into the beta-carotene with the mass ratio of 20:5:15: 5-10, stirring the mixture in a water bath at 50 ℃ until the added substances are dissolved, and adding a proper amount of ethyl acetate into the mixture if the added substances are insoluble to obtain an oil phase.
In the preparation method of the antioxidant liposome disclosed in the present application, the step S23 specifically includes: slowly injecting the oil phase into the water phase with a micro-injector at uniform speed, inserting the tip below the liquid level during injection, maintaining constant temperature at 50 deg.C, rotating the stirrer at high speed to remove ethanol, and dialyzing with dialysis bag with molecular weight of 10k to remove residue and ethanol to obtain antioxidant liposome.
In the preparation method of the antioxidant liposome disclosed in the present application, the step S24 specifically includes: adding 5-10% of mannitol into the dialyzed antioxidant liposome, pre-freezing for 24h at-80 ℃, and freeze-drying to obtain antioxidant liposome freeze-dried powder.
Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenol organic compound, has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer and cardiovascular protecting effects, is an antitoxin produced when many plants are stimulated, and can be synthesized in grape leaf and grape skin. The wine industry has developed very rapidly, and due to the mass production and consumption of wine, a large amount of grape skin residue, which is a byproduct after wine brewing, is also produced. In developed countries such as france, italy and spain, over 70% of grape skin residues can be well utilized, but in China, due to strong seasonality and centralized production of wine production, the wastes are discarded randomly or used as wastes for disposal before and after treatment, which not only affects environmental sanitation, but also wastes resources extremely. The content of the resveratrol in the wine grape skin residue is higher than that in the grape skin, so that the wine grape skin residue can be extracted to obtain an extract containing the resveratrol which is used as an antioxidant, thereby not only creating good economic value and social value, but also reducing the environmental protection pressure.
The grape seed extract is rich in procyanidine, which is a general name of a large class of polyphenol compounds, has strong antioxidant and free radical eliminating effects, and is the most efficient antioxidant and free radical scavenger of plant sources discovered so far.
Beta-carotene is a main member in a carotene family, has a special electron-rich conjugated system, can play a good role in resisting oxidation activity by quenching singlet oxygen and scavenging free radicals, and can resist various pathological changes caused by oxidation of the free radicals: has obvious functions in the aspects of cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cataract, aging and the like, and is also an indispensable nutrient for maintaining human health.
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble natural antioxidant, inhibits lipid peroxidation by inactivating the activity of a peroxidation free radical or reacting with the lipid peroxidation free radical, and is helpful for improving immunity, preventing and treating diseases and influencing the transcription and expression of genes. Vitamin E also has effects of resisting aging, improving immunity, preventing various diseases caused by free radical metabolism disorder, preventing presenile senile dementia, resisting tumor, and preventing radiation damage of DNA.
The invention embeds grape skin residue extract and grape seed extract with beta-carotene and vitamin E in liposome to obtain liposome with strong antioxidation, and the liposome can be used in the fields of food, cosmetics and medicine.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the grape skin residue extract is rich in resveratrol, the grape seed extract is rich in procyanidine, the grape skin residue and grape seeds are respectively subjected to water extraction and organic solvent extraction, the obtained extract is matched with vitamin E and beta-carotene to be embedded by adopting a liposome technology, the stability and bioavailability of active ingredients in the grape skin residue and the grape seeds can be improved, and the liposome has good oxidation resistance and can be used in the fields of food, cosmetics and medicines.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a standard graph of beta-carotene in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the stability effect of pH on antioxidant liposomes in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the stability effect of temperature on liposomes oxidized in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the stability effect of light on anti-oxidized liposomes of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.
The drugs and reagents mentioned in the examples are all common commercial products unless otherwise specified.
The room temperature described in the examples has the meaning known in the art and is generally 25. + -. 2 ℃.
The following provides a detailed description of embodiments of the invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of an antioxidant liposome comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of raw materials
S11, extraction of grape skin residues
Recovering grape skin residues after wine fermentation, drying in the shade at normal temperature, pulverizing the dried grape skin residues, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain grape skin powder for later use; weighing 50g of grape skin powder, adding 3 times of distilled water, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40 ℃ for 20min, and filtering to obtain water extract and filter residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing water extractive solutions, concentrating the water extractive solution, and vacuum drying at 40 deg.C to obtain grape skin water extract.
Adding 3 times of organic solvent into the residue after water extraction, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40 deg.C for 20min, and filtering to obtain extractive solution and residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing extractive solutions, and rotary evaporating the extractive solutions to remove organic solvent to obtain grape skin lipid soluble substance.
Wherein the organic solvent is ethyl acetate, methanol or 70% ethanol, preferably ethyl acetate.
The grape skin residue is extracted by distilled water, then extracted by an organic solvent, and matched with ultrasonic waves, the extraction efficiency of effective components in the grape skin residue can be improved.
S12, extraction of grape seeds
Airing the grape seeds at a cool place at normal temperature, crushing the aired grape seeds, and sieving the crushed grape seeds with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain grape seed powder for later use; weighing 50g of grape seed powder, adding 3 times of distilled water, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40 ℃ for 20min, and filtering to obtain water extract and filter residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing water extractive solutions, concentrating, and vacuum drying at 40 deg.C to obtain grape seed water extract.
Adding 3 times of 70% ethanol into the residue after water extraction, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40 deg.C for 20min, and filtering to obtain ethanol extractive solution and residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing the alcoholic extractive solutions, and rotary evaporating the alcoholic extractive solutions to remove ethanol to obtain grape seed alcoholic extract.
The grape seeds are extracted by distilled water, then extracted by 70% ethanol, and ultrasonic waves are matched, so that the extraction efficiency of effective components in the grape seeds can be improved.
S2, preparation of antioxidant liposome
S21. preparation of aqueous phase
Respectively weighing a grape skin water extract and a grape seed water extract, and dissolving the grape skin water extract and the grape seed water extract by using a phosphate buffer solution to obtain a water phase; wherein the concentration of the grape skin water extract is 1mg/mL, and the concentration of the grape seed water extract is 1 mg/mL.
S22. preparation of oil phase
Weighing the materials in proportion, wherein the yolk lecithin: cholesterol: sodium cholate: grape skin lipid soluble matter: grape seed alcohol extract: vitamin E: adding appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol into the beta-carotene with a mass ratio of 20:5:15:5:5:5, stirring in water bath at 50 ℃ until the added substance is dissolved, and adding appropriate amount of ethyl acetate to obtain an oil phase if the added substance is insoluble.
S23. preparation of liposome
Slowly injecting the oil phase into the water phase with a micro-injector at uniform speed, inserting the tip below the liquid level during injection, maintaining constant temperature at 50 deg.C, rotating the stirrer at high speed to remove ethanol, and dialyzing with dialysis bag with molecular weight of 10k to remove residue and ethanol to obtain antioxidant liposome.
S24, preparation of antioxidant liposome freeze-dried powder
Adding 5% mannitol into dialyzed antioxidant liposome, pre-freezing at-80 deg.C for 24 hr, and freeze drying to obtain antioxidant liposome lyophilized powder.
Encapsulation efficiency of the antioxidant liposomes of this example was calculated: after dialysis, the samples in the dialysis bag were taken to calculate the amount of drug encapsulated, and the samples that were not dialyzed were used to calculate the total amount of drug, the ratio of which was the encapsulation efficiency. The encapsulation efficiency of the antioxidant liposome of this example was 72.3%.
Example 2
A preparation method of an antioxidant liposome comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of raw materials
S11, extraction of grape skin residues
Recovering grape skin residues after wine fermentation, drying in the shade at normal temperature, pulverizing the dried grape skin residues, and sieving with a 70-mesh sieve to obtain grape skin powder for later use; weighing 50g of grape skin powder, adding 4 times of distilled water, performing ultrasonic extraction at 45 ℃ for 25min, and filtering to obtain water extract and filter residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing water extractive solutions, concentrating the water extractive solution, and vacuum drying at 45 deg.C to obtain grape skin water extract.
Adding 4 times of organic solvent into the residue after water extraction, performing ultrasonic extraction at 45 deg.C for 25min, and filtering to obtain extractive solution and residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing extractive solutions, and rotary evaporating the extractive solutions to remove organic solvent to obtain grape skin lipid soluble substance.
Wherein the organic solvent is ethyl acetate, methanol or 70% ethanol, preferably ethyl acetate.
The grape skin residue is extracted by distilled water, then extracted by an organic solvent, and matched with ultrasonic waves, the extraction efficiency of effective components in the grape skin residue can be improved.
S12, extraction of grape seeds
Airing the grape seeds at a cool place at normal temperature, crushing the aired grape seeds, and sieving the crushed grape seeds with a 70-mesh sieve to obtain grape seed powder for later use; weighing 50g of grape seed powder, adding 4 times of distilled water, performing ultrasonic extraction at 45 ℃ for 25min, and filtering to obtain water extract and filter residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing water extractive solutions, concentrating, and vacuum drying at 45 deg.C to obtain grape seed water extract.
Adding 4 times of 70% ethanol into the residue after water extraction, performing ultrasonic extraction at 45 deg.C for 25min, and filtering to obtain ethanol extractive solution and residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing the alcoholic extractive solutions, and rotary evaporating the alcoholic extractive solutions to remove ethanol to obtain grape seed alcoholic extract.
The grape seeds are extracted by distilled water, then extracted by 70% ethanol, and ultrasonic waves are matched, so that the extraction efficiency of effective components in the grape seeds can be improved.
S2, preparation of antioxidant liposome
S21. preparation of aqueous phase
Respectively weighing a grape skin water extract and a grape seed water extract, and dissolving the grape skin water extract and the grape seed water extract by using a phosphate buffer solution to obtain a water phase; wherein the concentration of the grape skin water extract is 2mg/mL, and the concentration of the grape seed water extract is 2 mg/mL.
S22. preparation of oil phase
Weighing the materials in proportion, wherein the yolk lecithin: cholesterol: sodium cholate: grape skin lipid soluble matter: grape seed alcohol extract: vitamin E: adding appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol into the beta-carotene with a mass ratio of 20:5:15:10:10:8:8, stirring in a water bath at 50 ℃ until the added substances are dissolved, and adding appropriate amount of ethyl acetate to obtain an oil phase if the added substances are insoluble.
S23. preparation of liposome
Slowly injecting the oil phase into the water phase with a micro-injector at uniform speed, inserting the tip below the liquid level during injection, maintaining constant temperature at 50 deg.C, rotating the stirrer at high speed to remove ethanol, and dialyzing with dialysis bag with molecular weight of 10k to remove residue and ethanol to obtain antioxidant liposome.
S24, preparation of antioxidant liposome freeze-dried powder
Adding 8% mannitol into the dialyzed antioxidant liposome, pre-freezing at-80 deg.C for 24 hr, and freeze drying to obtain antioxidant liposome lyophilized powder.
Encapsulation efficiency of the antioxidant liposomes of this example was calculated: after dialysis, the samples in the dialysis bag were taken to calculate the amount of drug encapsulated, and the samples that were not dialyzed were used to calculate the total amount of drug, the ratio of which was the encapsulation efficiency. The encapsulation efficiency of the antioxidant liposome of this example was 75.1%.
Example 3
A preparation method of an antioxidant liposome comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of raw materials
S11, extraction of grape skin residues
Recovering grape skin residues after wine fermentation, drying in the shade at normal temperature, pulverizing the dried grape skin residues, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain grape skin powder for use; weighing 50g of grape skin powder, adding 5 times of distilled water, performing ultrasonic extraction at 50 ℃ for 30min, and filtering to obtain water extract and filter residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing water extractive solutions, concentrating the water extractive solution, and vacuum drying at 50 deg.C to obtain grape skin water extract.
Adding 5 times of organic solvent into the residue after water extraction, performing ultrasonic extraction at 50 deg.C for 30min, and filtering to obtain extractive solution and residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing extractive solutions, and rotary evaporating the extractive solutions to remove organic solvent to obtain grape skin lipid soluble substance.
Wherein the organic solvent is ethyl acetate, methanol or 70% ethanol, preferably ethyl acetate.
The grape skin residue is extracted by distilled water, then extracted by an organic solvent, and matched with ultrasonic waves, the extraction efficiency of effective components in the grape skin residue can be improved.
S12, extraction of grape seeds
Airing the grape seeds at a cool place at normal temperature, crushing the aired grape seeds, and sieving the crushed grape seeds with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain grape seed powder for later use; weighing 50g of grape seed powder, adding 3-5 times of distilled water, performing ultrasonic extraction at 50 ℃ for 30min, and filtering to obtain water extract and filter residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing water extractive solutions, concentrating the water extractive solution, and vacuum drying at 50 deg.C to obtain grape seed water extract.
Adding 5 times of 70% ethanol into the residue after water extraction, performing ultrasonic extraction at 50 deg.C for 30min, and filtering to obtain ethanol extractive solution and residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing the alcoholic extractive solutions, and rotary evaporating the alcoholic extractive solutions to remove ethanol to obtain grape seed alcoholic extract.
The grape seeds are extracted by distilled water, then extracted by 70% ethanol, and ultrasonic waves are matched, so that the extraction efficiency of effective components in the grape seeds can be improved.
S2, preparation of antioxidant liposome
S21. preparation of aqueous phase
Respectively weighing a grape skin water extract and a grape seed water extract, and dissolving the grape skin water extract and the grape seed water extract by using a phosphate buffer solution to obtain a water phase; wherein the concentration of the grape skin water extract is 3mg/mL, and the concentration of the grape seed water extract is 3 mg/mL.
S22. preparation of oil phase
Weighing the materials in proportion, wherein the yolk lecithin: cholesterol: sodium cholate: grape skin lipid soluble matter: grape seed alcohol extract: vitamin E: adding appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol into the beta-carotene with a mass ratio of 20:5:15: 15: 15:10:10, stirring in water bath at 50 ℃ until the added substances are dissolved, and adding appropriate amount of ethyl acetate to obtain an oil phase if the added substances are insoluble.
S23. preparation of liposome
Slowly injecting the oil phase into the water phase with a micro-injector at uniform speed, inserting the tip below the liquid level during injection, maintaining constant temperature at 50 deg.C, rotating the stirrer at high speed to remove ethanol, and dialyzing with dialysis bag with molecular weight of 10k to remove residue and ethanol to obtain antioxidant liposome.
S24, preparation of antioxidant liposome freeze-dried powder
Adding 10% mannitol into dialyzed antioxidant liposome, pre-freezing at-80 deg.C for 24 hr, and freeze drying to obtain antioxidant liposome lyophilized powder.
Encapsulation efficiency of the antioxidant liposomes of this example was calculated: after dialysis, the samples in the dialysis bag were taken out to calculate the amount of drug encapsulated, and the samples without dialysis were used to calculate the total amount of drug, and the ratio of the two, namely the encapsulation efficiency, was 68.4%.
Example 4
The stability of the antioxidant liposome prepared in example 2 of the present invention was studied.
The stability of the antioxidant liposomes was studied as the degradation rate of beta-carotene under different conditions. Accurately weighing beta-carotene sample, preparing beta-carotene solutions with different concentration gradients, measuring light absorption values at 450nm respectively, and establishing a relation standard curve of beta-carotene concentration and light absorption values, as shown in figure 1.
1. Effect of pH on stability of Oxidation resistant liposomes
Taking a proper amount of dialyzed antioxidant liposome and beta-carotene samples, adjusting the pH of the dialyzed antioxidant liposome and the dialyzed beta-carotene samples to be 1, 2, 5, 7, 9 and 12 by using 1mol/L hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide solution, and keeping the samples away from light at room temperature for 1 hour. After the liposomes were demulsified, absorbance at 450nm was measured. According to the standard curve, the content change of beta-carotene under different pH conditions is calculated, and the result is shown in figure 2.
As shown in figure 2, partial degradation and loss of beta-carotene can be caused under low pH and high pH conditions, and the degradation rate of beta-carotene is reduced under various pH conditions after liposome embedding. The liposome embedding can reduce the damage of pH to active ingredients in the liposome, protect the active ingredients more effectively and improve the stability of the active ingredients.
2. Effect of temperature on stability of liposomes
Taking appropriate amount of dialyzed antioxidant liposome and beta-carotene, placing in penicillin bottle, respectively at 0 deg.C, 20 deg.C, 40 deg.C, 60 deg.C, and 80 deg.C, storing in dark for 24 hr. After the liposomes were demulsified, absorbance at 450nm was measured. According to the standard curve, the content change of beta-carotene under different temperature conditions is calculated, and the result is shown in figure 3.
As shown in fig. 3, temperature is an important factor affecting the stability of beta-carotene, and elevated temperatures cause degradation and loss of beta-carotene. The loss of beta-carotene is less under the condition of low temperature, and when the temperature is increased, the degradation rate of the beta-carotene is obviously reduced under various temperature conditions after being embedded by the liposome. The liposome embedding can reduce the damage of high temperature to the active ingredients in the liposome, protect the active ingredients more effectively and improve the stability of the active ingredients.
3. Effect of light irradiation on stability of antioxidant liposomes
Taking a proper amount of dialyzed antioxidant liposome and beta-carotene, placing in a penicillin bottle, irradiating with a 20W energy-saving lamp, and storing in a normal-temperature closed environment for 5h, 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h and 96 h. After the liposomes were demulsified, absorbance at 450nm was measured. According to the standard curve, the content change of beta-carotene under different illumination conditions is calculated, and the result is shown in figure 4.
As shown in fig. 4, light irradiation is another important factor affecting the stability of β -carotene, and the degradation rate of β -carotene gradually increases with the increase of light irradiation time. Compared with a beta-carotene sample, the degradation rate of the beta-carotene embedded by the liposome is obviously reduced, which shows that the damage of illumination to active ingredients in the liposome can be reduced by embedding the liposome, the active ingredients can be more effectively protected, and the stability of the active ingredients is improved.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the antioxidant liposome is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparation of raw materials
S11, extracting grape skin residues, drying the wine grape skin residues, crushing and sieving, extracting with distilled water to obtain a grape skin water extract, and extracting with an organic solvent to obtain a grape skin lipid solution;
s12, extracting grape seeds, drying the grape seeds, crushing and sieving, extracting with distilled water to obtain a grape seed water extract, and extracting with ethanol to obtain a grape seed ethanol extract;
s2, preparation of antioxidant liposome
S21, preparing a water phase, namely weighing a grape skin water extract and a grape seed water extract respectively, and dissolving the grape skin water extract and the grape seed water extract by using a phosphate buffer solution to obtain the water phase;
s22, preparing an oil phase, namely weighing phospholipid, cholesterol, a surfactant, a grape skin lipid soluble substance, a grape seed alcohol extract, vitamin E and beta-carotene respectively, and dissolving the phospholipid, the cholesterol, the surfactant, the grape skin lipid soluble substance, the grape seed alcohol extract, the vitamin E and the beta-carotene by using absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain the oil phase;
s23, preparing an antioxidant liposome, namely injecting an oil phase into a stirred water phase at a proper speed by using a micro-syringe, stirring for hydration, performing rotary evaporation to remove ethanol, and dialyzing by using a dialysis bag to remove residual medicine and ethanol to obtain the antioxidant liposome;
s24, preparing antioxidant liposome freeze-dried powder, namely adding a protective agent into the dialyzed antioxidant liposome, pre-freezing the protective agent and then carrying out freeze drying on the protective agent to obtain the antioxidant liposome freeze-dried powder.
2. The method for preparing antioxidant liposome of claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the aqueous extract of grape skin in step S11 comprises: recovering grape skin residue after fermenting grape wine, air drying at normal temperature in shady and cool place, pulverizing the air dried grape skin residue, and sieving with 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain grape skin powder for use; weighing 50g of grape skin powder, adding 3-5 times of distilled water, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30 min, and filtering to obtain water extract and filter residue; and (3) extracting the filter residue twice under the same conditions, combining the water extract, concentrating the water extract, and drying in vacuum at 40-50 ℃ to obtain the grape skin water extract.
3. The method for preparing antioxidant liposome of claim 2, wherein the method for preparing grape skin lipid soluble substance in step S11 comprises: adding 3-5 times of organic solvent into the filter residue after water extraction, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30 min, and filtering to obtain an extracting solution and filter residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing extractive solutions, and rotary evaporating the extractive solutions to remove organic solvent to obtain grape skin lipid soluble substance.
4. The method for preparing antioxidant liposome of claim 3, wherein the organic solvent is ethyl acetate, methanol or 70% ethanol.
5. The method for preparing antioxidant liposome of claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the grape seed aqueous extract in step S12 comprises: air drying grape seeds at normal temperature in a shady and cool place, crushing the air-dried grape seeds, and sieving with a 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain grape seed powder for later use; weighing 50g of grape seed powder, adding 3-5 times of distilled water, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30 min, and filtering to obtain water extract and filter residue; and (3) extracting the filter residue twice under the same conditions, combining the water extract, concentrating the water extract, and drying in vacuum at 40-50 ℃ to obtain the grape seed water extract.
6. The method for preparing antioxidant liposome of claim 5, wherein the method for preparing grape seed alcohol extract in step S12 comprises: adding 70% ethanol which is 3-5 times of the amount of the filter residue after water extraction, performing ultrasonic extraction at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30 min, and filtering to obtain an ethanol extract and filter residue; extracting the residue twice under the same conditions, mixing the alcoholic extractive solutions, and rotary evaporating the alcoholic extractive solutions to remove ethanol to obtain grape seed alcoholic extract.
7. The method for preparing antioxidant liposome according to claim 1, wherein the step S21 is specifically: respectively weighing a grape skin water extract and a grape seed water extract, and dissolving the grape skin water extract and the grape seed water extract by using a phosphate buffer solution to obtain a water phase; wherein the concentration of the grape skin water extract is 1-3 mg/mL, and the concentration of the grape seed water extract is 1-3 mg/mL.
8. The method for preparing antioxidant liposome according to claim 1, wherein the step S22 is specifically: weighing the materials in proportion, wherein the yolk lecithin: cholesterol: sodium cholate: grape skin lipid soluble matter: grape seed alcohol extract: vitamin E: adding a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol into the beta-carotene with the mass ratio of 20:5:15: 5-10, stirring the mixture in a water bath at 50 ℃ until the added substances are dissolved, and adding a proper amount of ethyl acetate into the mixture if the added substances are insoluble to obtain an oil phase.
9. The method for preparing antioxidant liposome according to claim 1, wherein the step S23 is specifically: slowly injecting the oil phase into the water phase with a micro-injector at uniform speed, inserting the tip below the liquid level during injection, maintaining constant temperature at 50 deg.C, rotating the stirrer at high speed to remove ethanol, and dialyzing with dialysis bag with molecular weight of 10k to remove residue and ethanol to obtain antioxidant liposome.
10. The method for preparing antioxidant liposome according to claim 1, wherein the step S24 is specifically: adding 5-10% of mannitol into the dialyzed antioxidant liposome, pre-freezing for 24h at-80 ℃, and freeze-drying to obtain antioxidant liposome freeze-dried powder.
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CN114906791A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-16 | 成都科建生物医药有限公司 | Injection device for preparing liposome |
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