CN114223803B - Fat powder for promoting fattening of obsolete laying hens and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Fat powder for promoting fattening of obsolete laying hens and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN114223803B
CN114223803B CN202111629928.2A CN202111629928A CN114223803B CN 114223803 B CN114223803 B CN 114223803B CN 202111629928 A CN202111629928 A CN 202111629928A CN 114223803 B CN114223803 B CN 114223803B
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parts
oil
fat powder
fattening
promoting
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CN114223803A (en
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莫子艺
崔晓
王勇
孙丽华
丁为国
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Hubei Ubt Bioengineering Co ltd
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Hubei Ubt Bioengineering Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated laying hens, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the fat powder comprises, by weight, 15-25 parts of rice bran oil, 5-15 parts of double low rapeseed oil, 10-20 parts of palm oil at 24 ℃, 5-15 parts of phospholipid oil, 1-3 parts of bile acid salt, 1-5 parts of an emulsifying agent, 1-5 parts of an antioxidant and 40-70 parts of a carrier A. The fat powder for promoting the fattening of the obsolete laying hens is added into the conventional laying hen feed for feeding, so that the fat powder can meet the lipid demand of laying eggs, improve the deposition quantity of intramuscular fat between muscles, quickly increase the weight and does not influence the laying rate.

Description

Fat powder for promoting fattening of obsolete laying hens and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of poultry raising, and particularly relates to fat powder for promoting fattening of obsolete laying hens, a preparation method and application thereof, and particularly relates to fat powder with good weight increasing effect for promoting fattening of obsolete laying hens, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The laying period of the laying hen is limited, and the laying time can not be always achieved. After 70 weeks, the laying rate of the laying hens starts to be obviously reduced, the quality of eggs is also reduced, the benefits brought by laying the eggs are not as great as those of the chickens, and the laying hens need to be eliminated in time. To increase sales revenue of obsolete layers, farmers usually fattening the layers before obsolete for a short period of time to improve hair color and increase weight. In the layer chicken cultivation, a complete feed prepared by mixing 3-5% of premix, corn, soybean meal and 6-8% of stone powder is commonly adopted, and in order to improve the energy value or reduce the dust, 1% of soybean oil is possibly additionally added, and the corn oil and the soybean oil in the corn mainly provide linoleic acid (C18:2 is more than or equal to 55%). Through detection, the content of the body fat of eggs and layers is only 15-20% of linoleic acid (C18:2), and the content of oleic acid (C18:1) is about 40%, and the content of palmitic acid (C16:0) is 30%; therefore, the lipid structure in the feed of the laying hens is not completely matched with the requirement of laying eggs, the supplied linoleic acid is far beyond the requirement of laying eggs, and after long-term feeding, the excessive linoleic acid is continuously deposited into soft fat tissues such as abdominal fat, liver fat and the like, which is one of the main reasons for the frequent occurrence of fatty liver in the later period of the laying hens. However, the current popular scheme for fattening the eliminated laying hens generally increases the corn amount in the formula or additionally adds 1-2% soybean oil, even directly changes the laying hens into broiler feed, has unbalanced fatty acid, has poor weight increasing effect, is easy to cause the problems of suddenly reduced laying rate, even fatty liver stress death and the like, and directly influences the elimination benefit of the laying hens.
CN104186408A discloses a method for using a feed for laying hens for promoting the laying rate, which comprises the following steps: A. when the chicks are fed, the laying hen feed for promoting the laying rate is mixed with the laying hen multi-vitamins which are rich in vitamins A and D, wherein the addition amount of the laying hen multi-vitamins is 0.2-0.3% of the quality of the laying hen feed for promoting the laying rate; B. when feeding hens in the egg laying period, the laying hen feed for promoting the egg laying rate is mixed with trace elements, the trace elements are rich in copper, iron, zinc, selenium, molybdenum and manganese, and the addition amount of the trace elements is 0.15-0.2% of the mass of the laying hen feed for promoting the egg laying rate. C. When the broiler chicken is fed, the laying hen feed for promoting the laying rate is mixed with protein powder, and the addition amount of the protein powder is 2-3% of the mass of the laying hen feed for promoting the laying rate. The use method of the invention is simple, the used laying hen feed for promoting the laying rate is simple in proportion and convenient to use, the immunity of chickens is improved, and the egg yield is increased. However, the feeding condition of the eliminated laying hens is not considered, and corresponding adjustment is not made.
CN104206794a discloses an antibiotic-free, hormone-free and harmful additive-free biological compound feed capable of improving the quality of the eliminated layer chicken and increasing the weight of the eliminated layer chicken and a production method thereof. The biological compound feed consists of the following materials in percentage by weight: 65-75% of corn, 10-20% of soybean meal, 5-15% of functional biological protein and 3-8% of feed additive. The biological compound feed for the obsolete chickens strengthens the metabolism function of the liver of the obsolete chickens, so that the residue of antibiotics, pigments and harmful additives is obviously reduced; the content of intramuscular fat in the eliminated layer chicken muscle is obviously improved, so that the chicken is smooth, tender and tasty, and can be compared with free-range high-quality broilers; promote the growth speed of the obsolete laying hens and improve the obsolete weight of the obsolete laying hens. The method is simple, does not need special equipment, and is suitable for industrial production. However, the unreasonable feed composition can cause the problems of reduced laying rate of the laying hens, and the like.
The eliminated laying hens are converted into broiler chickens through raising, so that obvious economic benefits are achieved, but no feed capable of effectively promoting conversion exists at present. Therefore, how to provide the feed for the eliminated layers, which can promote the weight gain and the fattening of the eliminated layers and simultaneously can maintain the laying rate, becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the fat powder for promoting the fattening of the obsolete laying hens, and the preparation method and the application thereof, in particular to the fat powder with good weight increasing effect for promoting the fattening of the obsolete laying hens, and the preparation method and the application thereof. The fat powder for promoting the fattening of the obsolete laying hens is added into the conventional laying hen feed for feeding, so that the fat powder can meet the lipid demand of laying eggs, improve the deposition quantity of intramuscular fat between muscles, quickly increase the weight and does not influence the laying rate.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated layers, which comprises, by weight, 15-25 parts of rice bran oil, 5-15 parts of double low rapeseed oil, 10-20 parts of palm oil at 24 ℃, 5-15 parts of phospholipid oil, 1-3 parts of bile acid salt, 1-5 parts of an emulsifying agent, 1-5 parts of an antioxidant and 40-70 parts of a carrier A.
Wherein, the rice bran oil can be 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts, 20 parts, 21 parts, 22 parts, 23 parts, 24 parts or 25 parts, etc., the canola oil can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts or 15 parts, etc., the palm oil at 24 ℃ can be 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts or 20 parts, etc., the phospholipid oil can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts or 15 parts, etc., the part of bile acid salt may be 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts or 3 parts, the part of emulsifier may be 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 4.5 parts or 5 parts, the part of antioxidant may be 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 4.5 parts or 5 parts, etc., the part of carrier a may be 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts or 70 parts, etc., but the above-mentioned values are not limited thereto, and other non-mentioned values in the above-mentioned value ranges are applicable.
The fat powder with the specific composition ratio is compounded by adopting rice bran oil, double low rapeseed oil, 24 ℃ palm oil and phospholipid oil, and the ingredients of the fat powder are similar to those of egg yolk and body fat, so that the deposition of linoleic acid in liver fat and abdominal fat is reduced, the death and panning number is reduced, and the weight of laying hens can be obviously improved under the condition of not affecting the laying rate; compared with the conventional method for directly replacing the broiler feed when the eliminated layer is fattening, the method is added additionally on the basis of the original layer feed, so that the nutrition of the original layer is not affected, the problems of suddenly reduced laying rate and the like caused by insufficient calcium like the broiler feed are avoided, eggs can be preserved, fattening can be achieved, and the layer elimination benefit is maximized. The emulsifier in the composition can emulsify the grease components in the fat powder, reduce the diameter of oil drops, and is matched with bile acid salt, so that the formation efficiency of micelle and the contact probability with lipase can be greatly improved, the digestion, absorption and utilization rate of grease can be obviously improved, and the grease can be saved.
Preferably, the fat powder is added to the original layer feed in an amount of 3-5%, for example, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5% or 5%, etc., but is not limited to the above-listed values, and other non-listed values within the above-listed ranges are equally applicable.
Preferably, the fat powder comprises, by weight, 15-20 parts of rice bran oil, 10-15 parts of double low rapeseed oil, 10-15 parts of palm oil at 24 ℃, 8-12 parts of phospholipid oil, 1-2 parts of bile acid salt, 2-4 parts of emulsifying agent, 2-4 parts of antioxidant and 40-50 parts of carrier A.
Preferably, the emulsifier comprises 20-40 parts by weight of sucrose fatty acid ester, 10-25 parts by weight of lysolecithin, 60-15 parts by weight of span, 2-5 parts by weight of PGE (polyglycerin fatty acid ester) and 20-40 parts by weight of starch.
The sucrose fatty acid ester may be 20 parts, 22 parts, 24 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, 30 parts, 32 parts, 34 parts, 36 parts, 38 parts, 40 parts, or the like, the lysolecithin may be 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts, 20 parts, 21 parts, 22 parts, 23 parts, 24 parts, 25 parts, or the like, the span 60 may be 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, or the like, the PGE may be 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 4.5 parts, or 5 parts, or the like, and the starch may be 20 parts, 22 parts, 24 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, 30 parts, 32 parts, 34 parts, 36 parts, 38 parts, or 40 parts, or the like, but is not limited to the above-listed values, and other non-listed values within the above numerical ranges may be equally applicable.
The emulsifier with the specific components can further disperse the grease components in the fat powder into oil drops with smaller diameters, so that the grease digestion, absorption and utilization rate is improved.
Preferably, the emulsifier is prepared by a process comprising the steps of: mixing and stirring sucrose fatty acid ester, lysolecithin, span 60, PGE and starch to obtain the emulsifier.
Preferably, the antioxidant comprises, by weight, 1-4 parts of vitamin E, 2-5 parts of dibutyl hydrocarbon toluene (BHT), 2-5 parts of tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), 1-4 parts of a synergist and 80-90 parts of a carrier B.
The vitamin E may be 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, etc., the BHT may be 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 4.5 parts, or 5 parts, etc., the TBHQ may be 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 4.5 parts, or 5 parts, etc., the synergist may be 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, or 4 parts, etc., the carrier B may be 80 parts, 81 parts, 82 parts, 83 parts, 84 parts, 85 parts, 86 parts, 87 parts, 88 parts, 89 parts, or 90 parts, etc., but the present invention is not limited to the above-listed values, and other non-listed values within the above range are applicable.
The antioxidant can prevent oxidation caused by lipolytic enzyme in rice bran oil and further has toxic effect on layer chicken.
Preferably, the potentiating agent comprises citric acid and/or phosphoric acid.
Preferably, the carrier B comprises silica and/or starch.
Preferably, the antioxidant is prepared by a process comprising the steps of: mixing and stirring vitamin E, dibutyl toluene, tert-butyl hydroquinone, synergist and carrier B to obtain the antioxidant.
Preferably, the carrier a includes any one or a combination of at least two of puffed corn flour, coconut meal, or rice bran meal, for example, a combination of puffed corn flour and coconut meal, a combination of coconut meal and rice bran meal, or a combination of puffed corn flour and rice bran meal, etc., but is not limited to the above-listed combinations, and other non-listed combinations within the above-listed combinations are equally applicable.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated layers, which comprises the following steps:
mixing rice bran oil, double low rapeseed oil, palm oil at 24 ℃, phospholipid oil, bile acid salt, an emulsifying agent and an antioxidant, heating and carrying out continuous homogenizing secondary emulsification treatment, and mixing and adsorbing the obtained emulsion with a carrier A to obtain the fat powder for promoting the fattening of the obsolete laying hens.
The continuous homogeneous secondary emulsification treatment is matched with an emulsifier, so that the diameter of oil drops can be reduced from untreated 100 mu m to only 1-2 mu m, the surface area of the oil drops is greatly increased, and the digestion, absorption and utilization rate of the oil can be remarkably improved by being matched with bile acid salt.
Preferably, the temperature is raised to a temperature of 50-70 ℃.
Preferably, the continuous homogeneous secondary emulsification treatment includes a primary emulsification treatment and a secondary emulsification treatment.
Preferably, the first stage emulsification treatment comprises the steps of: the mixture is sheared, homogenized and emulsified under the pressure of 1-2MPa and the rotating speed of 15000-20000 rpm.
Preferably, the second stage emulsification treatment comprises the steps of: homogenizing and emulsifying the mixture under 20-50 MPa.
The temperature may be raised to 50℃at 55℃at 60℃at 65℃at 70℃or the like, the pressure of the first-stage emulsification treatment may be 1MPa, 1.1MPa, 1.2MPa, 1.3MPa, 1.4MPa, 1.5MPa, 1.6MPa, 1.7MPa, 1.8MPa, 1.9MPa, 2MPa or the like, the rotation speed may be 15000rpm, 16000rpm, 17000rpm, 18000rpm, 19000rpm, 20000rpm or the like, and the pressure of the second-stage emulsification treatment may be 20MPa, 25MPa, 30MPa, 35MPa, 40MPa, 45MPa, 50MPa or the like, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the above-mentioned numerical ranges are applicable.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides application of the fat powder for promoting fattening of the eliminated layers in preparation of the eliminated layer feed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated layers, which is prepared by compounding rice bran oil, double low rapeseed oil, 24 ℃ palm oil and phospholipid oil, and has the synergistic effect that the components of the fat powder are similar to the components of egg yolk and body fat, so that the deposition of linoleic acid in liver fat and abdominal fat is reduced, the death number is reduced, and the weight of the layers can be obviously improved under the condition that the laying rate is not influenced; compared with the conventional method for directly replacing the broiler feed when the eliminated layer is fattening, the method is added additionally on the basis of the original layer feed, so that the nutrition of the original layer is not affected, the problems of suddenly reduced laying rate and the like caused by insufficient calcium like the broiler feed are avoided, eggs can be preserved, fattening can be achieved, and the layer elimination benefit is maximized; the emulsifier in the composition can emulsify the grease components in the fat powder, reduce the diameter of oil drops, and is matched with bile acid salt, so that the formation efficiency of micelle and the contact probability with lipase can be greatly improved, the digestion, absorption and utilization rate of grease can be obviously improved, and the grease can be saved;
(2) The invention adopts continuous homogeneous secondary emulsification treatment and the matching of the emulsifying agent, can reduce the diameter of oil drops from untreated 100 mu m to only 1-2 mu m, greatly increases the surface area of the oil drops, and can obviously improve the digestion, absorption and utilization rate of the oil by matching with bile acid salt.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means adopted by the present invention and the effects thereof, the following describes the technical scheme of the present invention in combination with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.
Preparation example 1
The preparation example provides an emulsifier which comprises, by weight, 30 parts of sucrose fatty acid ester, 13 parts of lysolecithin, 60 parts of span, 5 parts of polyglycerol fatty acid ester and 40 parts of starch.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing sucrose fatty acid ester, lysolecithin, span 60, polyglycerol fatty acid ester and starch according to a formula, sequentially feeding into a V-shaped efficient stirrer, uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 45 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes, and taking out to obtain the emulsifier.
Preparation example 2
The preparation example provides an antioxidant, which comprises 2 parts of vitamin E, 3 parts of dibutyl hydrocarbon toluene, 3 parts of tert-butyl hydroquinone, 2 parts of citric acid and 85 parts of silicon dioxide in parts by weight.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: and (3) accurately weighing vitamin E, dibutyl hydrocarbon toluene, tert-butyl hydroquinone, citric acid and silicon dioxide, then feeding the materials into a V-shaped efficient stirrer, uniformly mixing the materials for 5 minutes at the rotating speed of 45 revolutions per minute, and taking out the materials to obtain the antioxidant.
The emulsifiers and antioxidants used in the examples below were from both preparation 1 and preparation 2.
Example 1
The embodiment provides fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated laying hens, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
17 parts of rice bran oil, 13 parts of double low rapeseed oil, 13 parts of 24 ℃ palm oil, 10 parts of phospholipid oil, 1.5 parts of sodium bile acid, 3 parts of an emulsifier, 3 parts of an antioxidant and 45 parts of puffed corn powder.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
heating phospholipid oil to 55 ℃, mixing the phospholipid oil with double low rapeseed oil, rice bran oil and palm oil at 24 ℃, keeping the temperature of the mixed oil above 50 ℃, adding sodium bile acid, an emulsifying agent and an antioxidant, dissolving and mixing, then heating to 60 ℃, carrying out high-speed shearing homogenizing emulsification under the action of a high-speed shearing homogenizer at the pressure of 1.5MPa and the rotating speed of 17000rpm, carrying out high-pressure homogenizing emulsification under the pressure of 35MPa by a high-pressure homogenizer, and mixing and adsorbing the obtained emulsion (oil drops with the diameter of 1-2 mu m can be found by microscopic observation) with puffed corn powder by a spray mixer to prepare solid powder, wherein the pressure is 15MPa, and the spraying speed is 25 liters/min, thereby obtaining the fat powder for promoting the fattening of the obsolete laying hens.
Example 2
The embodiment provides fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated laying hens, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15 parts of rice bran oil, 15 parts of double low rapeseed oil, 10 parts of 24 ℃ palm oil, 12 parts of phospholipid oil, 1 part of sodium bile acid, 4 parts of an emulsifier, 2 parts of an antioxidant and 50 parts of coconut meal.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
heating phospholipid oil to 55 ℃, mixing the phospholipid oil with double low rapeseed oil, rice bran oil and palm oil at 24 ℃, keeping the temperature of the mixed oil above 50 ℃, adding sodium bile acid, an emulsifying agent and an antioxidant, dissolving and mixing, then heating to 50 ℃, carrying out high-speed shearing homogenizing emulsification under the action of a high-speed shearing homogenizer at the pressure of 1MPa and the rotating speed of 20000rpm, carrying out high-pressure homogenizing emulsification under the pressure of 20MPa by a high-pressure homogenizer, mixing and adsorbing the obtained emulsion with coconut meal by a spray mixer, preparing solid powder, spraying at the pressure of 15MPa and the spraying speed of 25 liters/min, and obtaining the fat powder for promoting the fattening of the obsolete laying hens.
Example 3
The embodiment provides fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated laying hens, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20 parts of rice bran oil, 10 parts of double low rapeseed oil, 15 parts of 24 ℃ palm oil, 8 parts of phospholipid oil, 2 parts of sodium bile acid, 2 parts of an emulsifier, 4 parts of an antioxidant and 40 parts of rice bran meal.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
heating phospholipid oil to 55 ℃, mixing the phospholipid oil with double low rapeseed oil, rice bran oil and palm oil at 24 ℃, keeping the temperature of the mixed oil above 50 ℃, adding sodium bile acid, an emulsifying agent and an antioxidant, dissolving and mixing, then heating to 70 ℃, carrying out high-speed shearing homogenizing emulsification under the action of a high-speed shearing homogenizer, wherein the pressure is 2MPa, the rotating speed is 15000rpm, carrying out high-pressure homogenizing emulsification under 50MPa by a high-pressure homogenizer, mixing and adsorbing the obtained emulsion with rice bran meal by a spray mixer, preparing solid powder, and carrying out spraying at the pressure of 15MPa and the spraying speed of 25 liters/min to obtain the fat powder for promoting the fattening of the obsolete laying hens.
Example 4
The embodiment provides fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated laying hens, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
15 parts of rice bran oil, 15 parts of double low rapeseed oil, 10 parts of palm oil at 24 ℃, 15 parts of phospholipid oil, 1 part of sodium bile acid, 5 parts of emulsifier, 1 part of antioxidant and 70 parts of puffed corn powder.
The preparation method is identical to example 1.
Example 5
The embodiment provides fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated laying hens, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
25 parts of rice bran oil, 5 parts of double low rapeseed oil, 20 parts of palm oil at 24 ℃, 5 parts of phospholipid oil, 3 parts of sodium bile acid, 1 part of emulsifier, 5 parts of antioxidant and 40 parts of puffed corn powder.
The preparation method is identical to example 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a fat powder that promotes fattening of eliminated layers, the composition being the same as example 1 except that no rice bran oil was included, and a reduced portion was proportionally distributed to double low rapeseed oil, 24 ℃ palm oil, and phospholipid oil.
The preparation method is described in example 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a fat powder that promotes fattening of eliminated layers, the composition being the same as example 1 except that it does not contain double low rapeseed oil, and a reduced portion is proportionally distributed to rice bran oil, palm oil at 24 ℃ and phospholipid oil.
The preparation method is described in example 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a fat powder that promotes fattening of eliminated layers, the composition being the same as example 1 except that 24 ℃ palm oil was not included and a reduced portion was proportionally distributed to double low rapeseed oil, rice bran oil and phospholipid oil.
The preparation method is described in example 1.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a fat powder that promotes fattening of eliminated layers, the composition being the same as example 1 except that no phospholipid oil was included, and a reduced portion was proportionally distributed to double low rapeseed oil, 24 ℃ palm oil, and rice bran oil.
The preparation method is described in example 1.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides a fat powder that promotes fattening of eliminated layers, the composition being the same as example 1 except that no rice bran oil, 24 ℃ palm oil and phospholipid oil were included and a reduced fraction was distributed to double low rapeseed oil.
The preparation method is described in example 1.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example provides a fat powder that promotes fattening of eliminated layers, the composition being the same as example 1 except that it does not contain double low rapeseed oil, 24 ℃ palm oil and phospholipid oil, and a reduced fraction of the oil is distributed to rice bran oil.
The preparation method is described in example 1.
Comparative example 7
This comparative example provides a fat powder that promotes fattening of eliminated layers, the composition being the same as example 1 except that the fat powder does not include double low rapeseed oil, rice bran oil and phospholipid oil, and a reduced fraction is distributed to 24 ℃ palm oil.
The preparation method is described in example 1.
Comparative example 8
This comparative example provides a fat powder that promotes fattening of eliminated layers, the composition being the same as example 1 except that it does not include double low rapeseed oil, 24 ℃ palm oil and rice bran oil, and reduces the distribution of a portion to the phospholipid oil.
The preparation method is described in example 1.
Comparative example 9
This comparative example provides a fat powder that promotes fattening of eliminated layers, the composition being the same as example 1 except that no emulsifier was included and a reduced portion was assigned to sodium bile acid.
The preparation method is described in example 1.
Comparative example 10
This comparative example provides a fat powder that promotes fattening of eliminated layers, the composition being the same as example 1 except that no sodium bile acid is included and a reduced portion is allocated to the emulsifier.
The preparation method is described in example 1.
Comparative example 11
The comparative example provides a fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated layers, and the composition and the proportion are the same as those of the example 1.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
heating phospholipid oil to 55 ℃, mixing the phospholipid oil with double low rapeseed oil, rice bran oil and palm oil at 24 ℃, keeping the temperature of the mixed oil above 50 ℃, adding sodium bile acid, an emulsifying agent and an antioxidant, dissolving and mixing, and then mixing and adsorbing with puffed corn powder by a spray mixer to prepare solid powder, wherein the pressure is 15MPa, and the spraying speed is 25 liters/min, so that the fat powder for promoting the fattening of the obsolete laying hens is obtained.
And (3) effect test:
the method comprises the steps of selecting 2160 healthy Hailan brown laying hens with the laying rate of 70 weeks and the weight similar to each other, randomly and averagely dividing the average laying rate into 18 groups, wherein a control group A is fed with feed normally (formula: 660g of corn, 230g of 43% protein soybean meal, 40g of premix and 70g of stone powder), a control group B is added with soybean oil (formula: 640g of corn, 230g of 43% protein soybean meal, 40g of premix, 70g of stone powder and 20g of soybean oil) on the basis of the raw feed, and the fat powders (formula: 640g of corn, 230g of 43% protein soybean meal, 40g of premix, 70g of stone powder and 20g of fat powder) provided in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-11 on the basis of the raw feed are respectively added. The premix is 4% premix feed of Dongguan Zhengdakangdi feed limited company in egg laying period.
10 replicates per group, 12 chickens per replicate, 3 chickens per cage, in stepped cages. The test adopts free feeding and drinking water, the temperature of the henhouse is controlled to be 25+/-2 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 60+/-5%, the henhouse is fixed by illumination for 16 hours per day, the epidemic prevention system is operated according to the conventional operation of a test field, the state of the test layer chicken is observed and recorded, the disease is found to be treated in time, and the record is made. During the test, the egg yield and the egg weight are recorded every day, the average egg weight and the egg yield are calculated, the initial weight and the final weight are weighed, and the average daily feed intake, the daily gain, the feed-to-egg ratio and the feed-to-meat ratio are calculated according to the feeding amount, the residual amount and the loss feed recorded every day, and the statistical results after 30 days of feeding are as follows:
production index Control group A Control group B Example 1 Example 2
Total egg number(s) 2459 2474 2585 2545
Laying rate (%) 68.30％ 68.72％ 71.81％ 70.69％
Average egg weight (g/g) 62.2±5.34 62.6±5.21 62.4±3.38 62.3±3.93
Average daily feed intake (g/d) 118.1±3.53 116.7±4.27 115.4±5.32 114.7±4.95
Average initial weight (kg/piece) 1.86±0.23 1.88±0.32 1.87±0.31 1.85±0.33
Average final weight (kg/piece) 1.87±0.38 a 1.93±0.33 bc 2.07±0.26 c 1.95±0.34
Total weight gain (kg) 1.2 6 24 12
Stage feed to egg ratio 2.68 2.66 2.58 2.60
Number of death panning (only) 12 14 5 6
Production index Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative example 1
Total egg number(s) 2533 2515 2520 2489
Laying rate (%) 70.36％ 69.86％ 70.00％ 69.14％
Average egg weight (g/g) 62.2±4.63 61.9±3.53 62.5±3.69 62.1±4.32
Average daily feed intake (g/d) 116.1±4.10 115±3.75 115.1±3.64 115±3.96
Average initial weight (kg/piece) 1.83±0.37 1.84±0.23 1.87±0.29 1.85±0.36
Average final weight (kg/piece) 1.97±0.38 1.92±0.42 1.93±0.34 1.9±0.31
Total weight gain (kg) 16.8 9.6 7.2 6
Stage feed to egg ratio 2.65 2.66 2.63 2.68
Number of death panning (only) 7 7 6 9
Production index Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3 Comparative example 4 Comparative example 5
Total egg number(s) 2492 2490 2496 2501
Laying rate (%) 69.22％ 69.17％ 69.33％ 69.47％
Average egg weight (g/g) 62.3±3.12 61.9±3.32 62.8±2.93 61.7±3.48
Average daily feed intake (g/d) 114.3±4.32 114.6±3.64 114.8±3.89 115.3±2.98
Average initial weight (kg/piece) 1.86±0.28 1.9±0.32 1.87±0.27 1.88±0.31
Average final weight (kg/piece) 1.92±0.36 1.94±0.20 1.92±0.37 1.94±2.93
Total weight gain (kg) 7.2 4.8 6 7.2
Stage feed to egg ratio 2.65 2.68 2.64 2.69
Number of death panning (only) 8 11 12 10
Production index Comparative example 10 Comparative example 11
Total egg number(s) 2503 2491
Laying rate (%) 69.53％ 69.19％
Average egg weight (g/g) 61.8±3.38 62.3±3.18
Average daily feed intake (g/d) 114±4.07 116±3.84
Average initial weight (kg/piece) 1.82±0.20 1.84±0.27
Average final weight (kg/piece) 1.86±0.34 1.88±0.22
Total weight gain (kg) 4.8 4.8
Stage feed to egg ratio 2.65 2.69
Number of death panning (only) 7 7
The results show that the fat powder for promoting the fattening of the eliminated laying hens can obviously improve the weight of the laying hens, reduce the feed-egg ratio and reduce the death and the panning number on the basis of not affecting or even improving the laying rate; as can be seen from comparative examples 1 and 1-8, the invention adopts rice bran oil, double low rapeseed oil, 24 ℃ palm oil and phospholipid oil to compound, and the ingredients of the rice bran oil, double low rapeseed oil and the palm oil and the phospholipid oil are approximate to those of egg yolk and body fat, so that the deposition of linoleic acid in liver fat and abdominal fat is reduced, the death panning number is reduced, the weight of laying hens is increased, and the feed-egg ratio is reduced; comparing example 1 with comparative examples 9-10, it can be found that the invention can pre-emulsify by adopting the combination of bile acid salt and emulsifying agent, promote the absorption of the fat powder by the laying hen and improve the effect of the fat powder; as can be seen from comparative example 1 and comparative example 11, the invention can significantly reduce the diameter of oil drops by adopting continuous homogeneous secondary emulsification treatment and matching with an emulsifier, promote the absorption of the fat powder by the laying hens and improve the effect of the fat powder; compared with soybean oil and other feeds which are adopted in the prior art, the fat powder for promoting the fattening of the eliminated layers can be found by comparing the embodiment 1 with the control group A, B, and has the advantages of remarkably improving the weight of the layers, reducing the feed-egg ratio and the death and panning number under the condition of not influencing the laying rate.
The applicant states that the fat powder for promoting fattening of the obsolete laying hens, the preparation method and the application thereof are described by the above embodiments, but the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, i.e. the invention is not meant to be implemented by the above embodiments. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.

Claims (10)

1. The fat powder for promoting the fattening of the eliminated laying hens is characterized by comprising, by weight, 15-25 parts of rice bran oil, 5-15 parts of double low rapeseed oil, 10-20 parts of 24 ℃ palm oil, 5-15 parts of phospholipid oil, 1-3 parts of bile acid salt, 1-5 parts of an emulsifying agent, 1-5 parts of an antioxidant and 40-70 parts of a carrier A;
the carrier A comprises any one or a combination of at least two of puffed corn flour, coconut meal or rice bran meal;
the fat powder is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
mixing rice bran oil, double low rapeseed oil, palm oil at 24 ℃, phospholipid oil, bile acid salt, an emulsifying agent and an antioxidant, heating and carrying out continuous homogenization secondary emulsification treatment, and mixing and adsorbing the obtained emulsion with a carrier A to obtain the fat powder for promoting the fattening of the obsolete laying hens;
the continuous homogenizing secondary emulsification treatment comprises a first-stage emulsification treatment and a second-stage emulsification treatment;
the first-stage emulsification treatment comprises the following steps: shearing, homogenizing and emulsifying the mixture under the pressure of 1-2MPa and the rotating speed of 15000-20000 rpm;
the second-stage emulsification treatment comprises the following steps: homogenizing and emulsifying the mixture under 20-50 MPa.
2. The fat powder for promoting the fattening of the eliminated layers according to claim 1, wherein the fat powder comprises, by weight, 15-20 parts of rice bran oil, 10-15 parts of double low rapeseed oil, 10-15 parts of palm oil at 24 ℃, 8-12 parts of phospholipid oil, 1-2 parts of bile acid salt, 2-4 parts of an emulsifying agent, 2-4 parts of an antioxidant and 40-50 parts of a carrier A.
3. The fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated layers according to claim 1, wherein the emulsifier comprises, by weight, 20-40 parts of sucrose fatty acid ester, 10-25 parts of lysolecithin, 10-15 parts of span, 2-5 parts of PGE and 20-40 parts of starch.
4. The fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated layers according to claim 3, wherein the emulsifier is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: mixing and stirring sucrose fatty acid ester, lysolecithin, span 60, PGE and starch to obtain the emulsifier.
5. The fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated layers according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant comprises, by weight, 1-4 parts of vitamin E, 2-5 parts of dibutyl hydroxy toluene, 2-5 parts of tert-butyl hydroquinone, 1-4 parts of a synergist and 80-90 parts of a carrier B;
the carrier B comprises silicon dioxide and/or starch.
6. The fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated layers according to claim 5, wherein the synergistic agent comprises citric acid and/or phosphoric acid.
7. The fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated layers according to claim 5, wherein the antioxidant is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: mixing and stirring vitamin E, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, tert-butyl hydroquinone, a synergist and a carrier B to obtain the antioxidant.
8. A method for preparing the fat powder for promoting fattening of eliminated layers according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps:
mixing rice bran oil, double low rapeseed oil, palm oil at 24 ℃, phospholipid oil, bile acid salt, an emulsifying agent and an antioxidant, heating and carrying out continuous homogenization secondary emulsification treatment, and mixing and adsorbing the obtained emulsion with a carrier A to obtain the fat powder for promoting the fattening of the obsolete laying hens;
the continuous homogenizing secondary emulsification treatment comprises a first-stage emulsification treatment and a second-stage emulsification treatment;
the first-stage emulsification treatment comprises the following steps: shearing, homogenizing and emulsifying the mixture under the pressure of 1-2MPa and the rotating speed of 15000-20000 rpm;
the second-stage emulsification treatment comprises the following steps: homogenizing and emulsifying the mixture under 20-50 MPa.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the temperature is raised to a temperature of 50-70 ℃.
10. Use of the fat powder according to any one of claims 1-7 for promoting fattening of eliminated layers for the preparation of an eliminated layer feed.
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Denomination of invention: A fat powder and its preparation method and application for promoting the elimination and fattening of laying hens

Granted publication date: 20231031

Pledgee: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited Huangmei Branch

Pledgor: HUBEI UBT BIOENGINEERING CO.,LTD.

Registration number: Y2024980035948