CN1141783C - Three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor and driving system - Google Patents
Three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor and driving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1141783C CN1141783C CNB011441925A CN01144192A CN1141783C CN 1141783 C CN1141783 C CN 1141783C CN B011441925 A CNB011441925 A CN B011441925A CN 01144192 A CN01144192 A CN 01144192A CN 1141783 C CN1141783 C CN 1141783C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor and a driving system which belong to the technical field of the piezoelectric ultrasonic motor. The present invention is characterized in that the present invention comprises a rotor and a central shaft, a stator, a plastic circular ring and a pretightening and adjusting mechanism, wherein the stator is composed of an upper matching block, a lower matching block and piezoelectric ceramic ring sheets, the upper end surface of the upper matching block is in three-dimensional self-support type inner inclined contact with the rotor, and both sides of the upper matching block are thinned. The lower matching block is in clearance fit with the central shaft and is in thread fit with the upper matching block, and the piezoelectric ceramic ring sheets are pressed between the upper and the lower matching blocks and is in electric insulation with the lower matching block. The plastic circular ring is fixed in an inner hole of the lower matching block and positions the central shaft, and the pretightening and adjusting mechanism is composed of screws adjusting the position of the central shaft and an elastic impacted piece. At the same time, the driving system of the motor formed by that a pulse generating circuit, a frequency dividing phase shift circuit controlled by a chopping control circuit and a voltage converting circuit are connected in series in sequence is provided. The present invention can move continuously and can do step move with high precision that a step angle and a step frequency can be adjusted manually, and the present invention has the advantages of stable rotor running, big output torque, long motor life, convenient processing and low cost.
Description
Technical field
A kind of three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor and drive system belong to the piezoelectric ultrasonic motor technical field, relate in particular to the technical field of swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor.
Background technology
Piezoelectric ultrasonic motor is widely used in the driving of precision instrument because self response speed is fast, characteristics such as cut off self-lock.The patent No. is that the Chinese invention patent that ZL97111805.1, name are called " based on the piezoelectric ultrasonic micromotor of beam mode " has proposed a kind of oscillating piezoelectric ultrasonic motor, and its structure as shown in Figure 1.It comprises central shaft 12, is enclosed within stator 10 and rotor 11 on the axle.Stator is by last match block 101, and following match block 103 and pressing in piezoelectric ceramic ring plate 102 wherein constitutes.The inwall of stator 10 is equipped with pair of bearings 131 and 132; Central shaft 12 places among two bearings 131 and 132, merges the moment of output rotor 11 by pretension adjusting mechanism 14 and rotor 11 close-fittings; Rotor 11 belongs to plane contact and has some teeth groove 1011 with stator 10 and increases ultrasonic fluctuation.This piezoelectric ultrasonic motor has following shortcoming:
(1) be plane contact between stator and rotor, be unfavorable for being in circumference constantly around the stator 10 of pendular motion state with remain down the transmission that contacts moment of friction between the rotor 10 that end face is a level; (2) with 131,132 pairs of central shafts of pair of bearings, 12 location, the mass defect of bearing self can influence the rotating effect of motor rotor, phenomenons such as bearing noise, two bearings endoporus misalign the other strength of axle that produced, the spectral characteristic when rotor is in diverse location is inconsistent, rotor rotation is not steady generally can occur, and strengthen manufacturing cost; (3) do not relate to the resonance frequency degeneracy problem of motor, the spectrum signature of two groups of piezoelectric ceramic has notable difference, and motor rotor output is unstable; (4) in order to obtain big fluctuation, the stator upper surface wants the tooth punching groove to increase manufacturing cost; (5) fixed structure that does not have design to connect with extraneous member.
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of rotor rotation is steady, output torque is big, motor long service life, motor operations bandwidth, drive system are simple, the overall low three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor of cost, its drive system can make the motor continuous motion, also can make motor realize the high-precision step motion that step angle, stepping rate all can be regulated continuously.
The invention is characterized in, it contains: rotor, central shaft, by being between lower surface and the rotor that inclination angle annular in the three-dimensional self-support type contact and in the left and right sides on the periphery respectively by mill off a part of and cause attenuate on match block, with the central shaft matched in clearance with the close-fitting down match block of last match block internal thread, pressurized is on above-mentioned, between following match block and the stator that becomes with the piezoelectric ceramic ring plate mutual group of following match block electric insulation, be fixed on down the polytetrafluoroethylene annulus of in the match block endoporus central shaft being located usefulness, by being positioned at the adjustment screw of central shaft, the pretension adjusting mechanism that the elastic pressed piece between central shaft upper end and rotor constitutes near rotor one side.The lower surface design of described rotor has flare oblique angle three dimensional contact surface.The last matching parts of described stator be upper surface design interior inclination angle three dimensional contact surface is arranged and on periphery the left and right sides respectively symmetrically an one-tenth of mill off pie reduce the bellows of bending stiffness with attenuate.The piezoelectric ceramic ring plate of described stator is made up of the piezoelectric ceramic piece of the top a pair of parallel connection of flexural resonance frequency degeneracy and the piezoelectric ceramic piece of following a pair of parallel connection, and their driving frequency is that motor is around the crooked resonance frequency of pendulum.The following match block of described stator is that upper end design has the screw rod that compresses the annular boss that the piezoelectric ceramic ring plate uses.The material of the piezoelectric ceramic ring plate of described stator is that piezoelectric constant d33 is higher than 450 * 10
-12C/N, mechanical quality factor Qm are lower than 100 piezoelectric ceramic piece.
Motor-driven system proposed by the invention, it is characterized in that, it contains: be used for the pulse generating circuit that ultrasonic wave takes place, the frequency division, phase-shift circuit and the voltage conversion circuit that link to each other successively with its output, be used for to above-mentioned frequency division, phase-shift circuit output pulse width modulation signal and forward and backward the control circuit of chopping of starting and stopping control signal.
Use proof: it can accomplish the end in view.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: based on the longitudinal section of the piezoelectric ultrasonic micromotor of beam mode.
Fig. 2: embodiment of the invention general structure front view.
The end view of Fig. 3: Fig. 2.
The vertical view of Fig. 4: Fig. 2.
Fig. 5: the front view of match block on the embodiment of the invention stator.
The vertical view of Fig. 6: Fig. 5.
The end view of Fig. 7: Fig. 6.
Fig. 8: complete machine structure schematic diagram between embodiment of the invention pretension.
Fig. 9: embodiment of the invention piezoelectric ceramic ring plate and energisation mode schematic diagram.
Figure 10: embodiment of the invention driving system circuit theory diagram.
Figure 11: embodiment of the invention driving system circuit schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Ask for an interview Fig. 2～Fig. 7.This motor is made up of stator 21, rotor 20, central shaft 22 and pretension adjusting mechanism 23.Stator is by constituting the bellows 2113 of going up match block 211, constitute four piezoelectric ceramic ring plates 212 that the screw rod 2134 of match block 213 down and internal thread 2114 and screw rod 2134 by bellows 2113 be clipped in the middle tightly and form, piezoelectric ceramic ring plate 212 is used adhering with epoxy resin.There is around one square flange formula pedestal 2135 with fixing screw hole 2136 in following match block 213 outsides so that be connected with extraneous member.22 on the centre bore 2133 at screw rod 2134 places and motor center's axle are matched in clearance, guarantee that central shaft 22 can along the circumferential direction freely rotate in centre bore 2133, and centre bore 2133 can play the supplemental support effect to central shaft 22.Be fixed with a support ring 2131 by the little polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material system of coefficient of friction at endoporus place, the lower end of screw rod 2134, it plays a part central shaft 22 location.The screw of screw rod 2134 and bellows 2113 lower surfaces is connected, and four piezoelectric ceramic ring plates 212 and scale copper 2123 are compressed.For preventing that piezoelectric ceramic ring plate 212, scale copper 2123 are electrically connected with screw rod 2134, have thin insulating case 2124 between screw rod 2134 and piezoelectric ceramic ring plate 212 endoporus.End at central shaft 22 close rotors 20 has screw 221, when its role is to the ultrasonic motor use, can carry out manual adjustments by the position of 221 pairs of central shafts 22 of screw, this provides convenience for the position of presetting central shaft 22 before using, pretension adjusting mechanism 23 is by above-mentioned screw 221, central shaft 22 upper flanges dishes 231, pretightning force thin below the ring flange 231 is adjusted metallic gasket 232, disk spring 233, the standard axle that the annular anti-slip rubber pad 234 of rotor upper surface, thick slightly pretightning force are adjusted in metallic gasket 235 and insertion output shaft one side bayonet slot 222 is formed with snap ring 236.The rotor 20 of motor keeps 21,20 constant pretightning forces of stator and rotor by this pretension adjusting mechanism 23.When rotor 20 rotations, moment passes to central shaft 22 by tightening cushion 232,235, rubber sheet gasket 234, disk spring 233.Design has inclination angle three-dimensional ring contact-making surface 2111 in the self-support type in the upper surface of bellows 2113, and the flare oblique angle three-dimensional ring contact-making surface of it and rotor 20 201 closely cooperates by pretension adjusting mechanism 23.When realizing self-supporting, economized pair of bearings and made rotor 20 stability of rotation.Two side millings at stator bellows 2113 simultaneously become parallel pie structure 2112, by the structure attenuate to reduce motor bending stiffness in the direction, the fine degeneracy of flexural resonance frequency of a pair of piezoelectric ceramic ring plate 2121 and following a pair of piezoelectric ceramic ring plate 2122 is same above realizing, makes motor have more stable moment output.Simultaneously owing to make the interior inclination angle 2111 of match block 211 upper surfaces along the circumferential direction become non-complete contacting structure after milling cake with the position of flare oblique angle 201 contact frictions of rotor 20, the chip that is more conducive to rub is got rid of from stator 21 non-complete indentation, there 2115, thereby has prolonged the useful life of motor.A pair of AC signal sin ω t, cos ω t are input to respectively in above-mentioned two groups of piezoelectric ceramic ring plates 2121,2122 from 2a, 2b, upper and lower two groups of piezoelectric ceramic ring plates 2121,2122 are taked parallel way respectively, and its driving frequency is that motor is around the crooked resonance frequency of pendulum.Above-mentioned piezoelectric ceramic ring plate 2121,2122 uses piezoelectric constant d33 to be higher than 450 * 10
-12C/N, Qm Qm are lower than 100 piezoelectric ceramic piece, make motor have wide working band, have simplified circuit design, have reduced the difficulty of frequency-tracking.
The drive system of motor contains: with the pulse generating circuit of chip 4046 systems, the chip L297, the frequency division of L298 system, the phase-shift circuit that link to each other successively with its output, and, be used for the control circuit of chopping of making to usefulness 555 chips of above-mentioned frequency division, phase-shift circuit output pulse-modulated signal and rotating, start-stop control signal successively with the threshold circuit of diode D1～D8 composition and the voltage conversion circuit that transformer TRANS1, TANS2 are in series.Variable resistor R19 can carry out continuous manual adjustment to the duty ratio of the pulse-modulated signal of chip 555 output, to change the size of its step angle, variable resistor R18 can carry out manually adjusting continuously to the frequency of the pulse signal of chip 4046 output, to adjust the resonance frequency of stepper motor, diverter switch K is used for manually controlling the start-stop of piezo-electric motor.AND circuit constitutes with 4081 chips.
The piezoelectric ultrasonic motor of present embodiment has shown well rotation and stepping characteristic continuously, and its Specifeca tion speeification is as follows: profile is the garden cylindricality, the square fixed flange of lower end band, stator diameter 15mm, root diameter 16mm, motor length overall 42mm; The long 10mm of axle output, diameter 3mm.Operating frequency is 30～45KHz, rotating speed 0～500r/min, and maximum moment is greater than 500gfcm, and minimum angular resolution is less than 0.02 °, and stepping is trembled less than 10nm, can finish the rotary feed campaign with any step angle in 0 °～360 ° intervals.
This shows that motor of the present invention has the rotor running steadily, output torque is big, and motor life is long, advantage easy to process, that cost is low is simultaneously under drive system control, but it is continuous motion both, can make the high accuracy step motion again, but and step angle and the equal manual adjustments of step frequency.
Claims (13)
1. three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor, contain stator, rotor, central shaft and pretension adjusting mechanism, it is characterized in that, it contains: rotor, central shaft, by being between upper surface and the rotor that inclination angle annular in the three-dimensional self-support type contact and in the left and right sides on the periphery respectively by mill off a part of and cause attenuate on match block, with the central shaft matched in clearance with the close-fitting down match block of last match block internal thread, pressurized is on above-mentioned, between following match block and the stator that becomes with the piezoelectric ceramic ring plate mutual group of following match block electric insulation, be fixed on down the polytetrafluoroethylene annulus of in the match block endoporus central shaft being located usefulness, by being positioned at the adjustment screw of central shaft, the pretension adjusting mechanism that the elastic pressed piece between central shaft upper end and rotor constitutes near rotor one side.
2. according to the three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the lower surface design of described rotor has flare oblique angle three dimensional contact surface.
3. according to the three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the last matching parts of described stator be upper surface design interior inclination angle three dimensional contact surface is arranged and on periphery the left and right sides respectively symmetrically an one-tenth of mill off pie reduce the bellows of bending stiffness with attenuate.
4. according to 1 the three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor of requiring of right, it is characterized in that: the piezoelectric ceramic ring plate of described stator is made up of the piezoelectric ceramic piece of the top a pair of parallel connection of flexural resonance frequency degeneracy and the piezoelectric ceramic piece of following a pair of parallel connection, and their driving frequency is that motor is around the crooked resonance frequency of pendulum.
5. according to the three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the following match block of described stator is that upper end design has the screw rod that compresses the annular boss that the piezoelectric ceramic ring plate uses.
6. according to the three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor of claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: the material of the piezoelectric ceramic ring plate of described stator is that piezoelectric constant d33 is higher than 450 * 10
-12C/N, mechanical quality factor Qm are lower than 100 piezoelectric ceramic piece.
7. according to the three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the elastic pressed piece in the described pretension adjusting mechanism contains: the ring flange that is positioned at the central shaft upper end, thin pretension below the ring flange is adjusted metallic gasket, disk spring, the anti-slip rubber pad of rotor upper surface, thick slightly pretightning force are adjusted the standard axle snap ring in metallic gasket and insertion output shaft one side bayonet slot.
8. according to the drive system of the three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motors designs of claim 1, it is characterized in that, it contains: be used for the pulse generating circuit that ultrasonic wave takes place, the frequency division, phase-shift circuit and the voltage conversion circuit that link to each other successively with its output, be used for to above-mentioned frequency division, phase-shift circuit output pulse width modulation signal and forward and backward the control circuit of chopping of starting and stopping control signal.
9. the drive system of three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor according to Claim 8 is characterized in that: described control circuit of chopping is 555 chips of EDM Generator of Adjustable Duty Ratio of the pulse-modulated signal of its output.
10. the drive system of three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor according to Claim 8 is characterized in that: described to be used for the pulse generating circuit that ultrasonic wave takes place be 4046 chips of the frequency adjustable of its output pulse.
11. the drive system of three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described frequency division, phase-shift circuit are chip L297 and L298.
12. the drive system of three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor according to Claim 8 is characterized in that: described voltage conversion circuit is that impedance matching circuit is connected in series mutually with transformer by the diode threshold circuit successively and forms.
13. the three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: on the central shaft at the following match block place of stator, connecting the fixing square flange form dish pedestal of four jiaos of bands with screw.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011441925A CN1141783C (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2001-12-14 | Three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor and driving system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB011441925A CN1141783C (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2001-12-14 | Three-dimension self-support swing type high-precision step piezoelectric ultrasonic motor and driving system |
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| CN1141783C true CN1141783C (en) | 2004-03-10 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1315252C (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2007-05-09 | 浙江大学 | Ultrasonic motor precision locating device |
| ES2231002A1 (en) * | 2003-09-09 | 2005-05-01 | Universitat Politecnica De Catalunya | Piezoelectric ultrasonic motor, has piezoelectric unit located adjacent to actuator bodies and driven element, and main longitudinal axes located perpendicular to powered contact element |
| CN1543052B (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2010-04-28 | 清华大学 | High-low voltage driving method for improving piezoelectric ultrasonic motor stepping resolution ratio and reducing driving energy consumption |
| CN101820203B (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2012-02-08 | 南通大学 | Combined drive semi-closed loop precision positioning system |
| CN101976933B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-11-14 | 嘉兴学院 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic compound motor and control method thereof |
| JP6179401B2 (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2017-08-16 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Tire / wheel assembly |
| CN105322824A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-02-10 | 长春工业大学 | Sandwich complex excitation ultrasonic motor, driving platform and driving method thereof |
| CN105322826A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-02-10 | 长春工业大学 | Powerful output sandwich beam and plate complex excitation ultrasonic motor, driving platform and driving method thereof |
| CN105790633B (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2017-07-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Rotor axial pretightning force ultrasound electric machine easy to adjust |
| CN109454994B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2023-10-20 | 上海美创力罗特维尔电子机械科技有限公司 | Clamping type crystal oscillator assembly of monolithic piezoelectric crystal |
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