CN114175966A - Pleurotus eryngii cultivar culture medium and pleurotus eryngii cultivation method - Google Patents

Pleurotus eryngii cultivar culture medium and pleurotus eryngii cultivation method Download PDF

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CN114175966A
CN114175966A CN202111568684.1A CN202111568684A CN114175966A CN 114175966 A CN114175966 A CN 114175966A CN 202111568684 A CN202111568684 A CN 202111568684A CN 114175966 A CN114175966 A CN 114175966A
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parts
culture medium
pleurotus eryngii
water
bran
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李福后
王伟霞
张洪生
王秀云
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Jiangsu Ocean University
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Jiangsu Ocean University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/20Culture media, e.g. compost
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/40Cultivation of spawn
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/50Inoculation of spawn

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, in particular to a culture medium for a pleurotus eryngii cultivation seed and a cultivation method for the pleurotus eryngii.

Description

Pleurotus eryngii cultivar culture medium and pleurotus eryngii cultivation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, in particular to a culture medium for pleurotus eryngii cultivars and a pleurotus eryngii cultivation method.
Background
Edible fungi are large fungi for human consumption, are food rich in nutrition and have food therapy value, are rich in protein, vitamins and various amino acids essential to human bodies, and are increasingly favored by consumers. Pleurotus eryngii, also called Pleurotus eryngii, has fleshy mass, long storage time and transportation resistance, and is a high-quality edible mushroom with great development potential. At present, the large-scale and annual production is carried out in Fujian, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Shandong and other places in China, and the method becomes one of the most-productive industrial cultivation types in China.
The main cultivation materials of the pleurotus eryngii generally take sawdust, corncobs, corn flour, bran and bean pulp as main materials. Along with the increasing expansion of domestic edible fungus production scale, the problem of shortage of the cultivation main materials is increasingly prominent, particularly the price of the cultivation main materials is also increased, the gradual increase of the production cost of the edible fungi is promoted, and great production pressure is caused to enterprises.
The sea area of China is wide, and the seaweed has abundant seaweed resources, such as kelp, laver and the like. A large amount of seaweed residues are left after seaweed processing, and the main components of the seaweed residues comprise seaweed crude fibers, proteins, seaweed polysaccharides and the like. The seaweed residues are used for cultivating the edible fungi, so that the problem of shortage of the main cultivation materials can be relieved, the environmental pollution can be reduced, the comprehensive utilization of resources is improved, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a culture medium for pleurotus eryngii cultivars and a pleurotus eryngii cultivation method. The invention starts from the seaweed residues, aims to utilize the seaweed residues, solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by the seaweed residues, changes waste into valuable, and is applied to the cultivation of edible fungi to improve the yield of the edible fungi.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the following technical means are specifically adopted:
a culture medium for Pleurotus eryngii cultivars contains 3-5% of seaweed residues by mass ratio.
Preferably, the seaweed residue is kelp residue obtained by removing algin.
Preferably, the formula of the culture medium for the cultivars comprises the following components in parts by mass: 38-40 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 28-32 parts of corncobs, 23-27 parts of bran, 3-5 parts of seaweed residues, 0.8-1.2 parts of lime, 0.8-1.2 parts of calcium carbonate and water; the water content of the culture medium for the cultivars is 60-65%.
Preferably, the formula of the culture medium for the cultivars comprises the following components in parts by mass: 38-40 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 30 parts of corncobs, 25 parts of bran, 3-5 parts of seaweed residues, 1 part of lime, 1 part of calcium carbonate and water; the water content of the culture medium for the cultivars is 60-65%.
A cultivation method of pleurotus eryngii comprises the following steps:
(1) taking pleurotus eryngii strains, inoculating the pleurotus eryngii strains into a mother strain culture medium, and culturing at 25-30 ℃;
(2) inoculating the cultured mother strain into a stock culture medium, and then culturing at 20-23 ℃;
(3) selecting an original seed with white hyphae and excellent growth vigor, inoculating the original seed into a fungus bag prepared from the culture medium of any one of claims 1 to 4, and then culturing the original seed in a dark place at the temperature of 20 to 23 ℃;
(4) and (4) fruiting the physiologically mature fungus.
Preferably, the mother culture medium formula is as follows: 180-220 parts of potato, 18-22 parts of glucose, 13-17 parts of agar and 900-1100 parts of water.
Preferably, the mother culture medium formula is as follows: 200 parts of potato, 20 parts of glucose, 15 parts of agar and 1000 parts of water.
Preferably, the stock culture medium configuration method comprises the following steps: boiling the branches in 1-1.2% white sugar water for 30 minutes, taking out, uniformly mixing with the soaked bran, filling the mixture into a container, filling the space in the container with the mixed wood chips with the water content of 60-63% and the bran with the water content of 60-63%, and sterilizing by high-pressure steam.
Advantageous effects
The seaweed residues are added into the culture medium of the cultivated species of the edible fungi, so that the formation of sporocarp and the improvement of yield are facilitated, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the seaweed residues is solved, and the cultivation cost is reduced. And by adopting the culture medium of the cultivar, the fruiting is normal, the yield is stable, and the method is very suitable for large-scale production.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The water content in the following examples refers to the mass of water contained in a substance/the total mass of the substance. For example, the moisture content of the soaked bran refers to the mass of moisture contained in the soaked bran/the mass of the soaked bran.
First, culture medium and preparation process
1. Mother culture medium
The formula is as follows: potato 200g, glucose 20g, agar 15g, water 1000ml, pH natural.
The manufacturing process comprises the following steps: accurately weighing various nutrients, preparing slant culture medium according to general process, and sterilizing.
The preparation process of the slant culture medium comprises the following steps: peeling potato 200g, cutting into small pieces, mixing with water 1000ml, boiling for 9-11 min until potato is soft but not rotten, filtering to obtain filtrate, adding glucose 20g and agar 15g into the filtrate, boiling until agar is completely dissolved, adding water to culture solution 1000ml, then 1000ml of culture liquid is subpackaged into test tubes while the culture liquid is hot, the volume of each subpackaged culture liquid is 1/4-1/3 of the length of each test tube, then sealing the opening of the test tube with a cotton plug, sterilizing the test tube filled with the culture liquid in a sterilizing pot with the pressure of 1.0kg/cm and the temperature of 121 ℃ for 30min, sterilizing, obliquely placing and taking out the test tubes, transferring into an inoculation box after the culture medium is solidified and cooled, placing 3-5 test tubes into an incubator at 29-31 ℃ for culturing for 3 days, and forming a mother culture medium for inoculation if no foreign bacteria appear.
2. Stock culture medium
The formula is as follows: 6-8 kg of branches, 250-500 g of white sugar, 4-5 kg of miscellaneous wood chips, 2-3 kg of bran and water.
The branches in the embodiment are peeled branches of poplar trees.
The manufacturing process comprises the following steps: boiling the branches in 1% white sugar water for 30 minutes, taking out the branches, uniformly mixing the branches with the soaked bran, wherein the water content of the soaked bran is 60% -63%, bottling the mixture, and finally filling the gaps in the bottle with the mixed sawdust with the water content of 60% -63% and the bran with the water content of 60% -63%. Sterilizing with high pressure steam for use.
3. Culture medium for cultivation
The formula is as follows: 34-43% of sawdust, 30% of corncobs, 25% of bran, 0-9% of seaweed residues, 1% of lime and 1% of calcium carbonate.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
formula 1: 43% of sawdust, 30% of corncobs, 25% of bran, 0% of seaweed residues, 1% of lime and 1% of calcium carbonate.
And (2) formula: 40% of miscellaneous wood chips, 30% of corncobs, 25% of bran, 3% of seaweed residues, 1% of lime and 1% of calcium carbonate.
And (3) formula: 38% of miscellaneous wood chips, 30% of corncobs, 25% of bran, 5% of seaweed residues, 1% of lime and 1% of calcium carbonate.
And (4) formula: 36% of miscellaneous wood chips, 30% of corncobs, 25% of bran, 7% of seaweed residues, 1% of lime and 1% of calcium carbonate.
And (5) formula: 34% of sawdust, 30% of corncobs, 25% of bran, 9% of seaweed residues, 1% of lime and 1% of calcium carbonate.
The residue of seaweed used in this example is the residue of seaweed from which algin was removed.
The manufacturing process comprises the following steps: accurately weighing various ingredients of the formula 1-5. Firstly, uniformly stirring the mixed wood chips, the corncobs, the bran, the seaweed residues (if any) and the bran, then adding lime and calcium carbonate, adding water into the materials for multiple times, and fully and uniformly stirring to ensure that the water content of the culture material is 60-65%. And (3) using polypropylene plastic bags, wherein each bag is filled with 1.1-1.2 kg of materials, and sterilizing for 2 hours by using high-pressure steam.
Second, production process
1. Inoculating Pleurotus eryngii strain (fruiting body of Pleurotus eryngii strain provided by edible fungus Co., Ltd. of five trees in Futian province, Zhannan county, with drumstick shape) in the mother culture medium, and culturing at 28 deg.C until mycelium grows over the whole inclined plane.
2. Inoculating the cultured mother strain into an original strain culture medium, and then placing a strain bottle at 20-23 ℃ for culturing until the mycelium grows over the whole bottle body, wherein the culture period is 25-28 days.
3. Selecting stock with white hypha and excellent growth vigor, opening the sealing cover of the fungus bottle, clamping 1 branch, and inoculating in culture medium. Then, the fungus bag is placed at the temperature of 20-23 ℃ and is cultured in the dark, and generally 28-30 days are needed.
4. And (3) transferring the physiologically mature fungus bags into a mushroom growing room, placing the five fungus bags in the same mushroom growing room, and adjusting external conditions such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, illumination and the like according to a conventional mode to enable the fungus bags to grow mushrooms normally.
Production application
The fungus bags are moved into the mushroom house for about 20 days, and normal harvest can be realized when the length of the fungus stalks is 10-12 cm. And counting the first tide of pleurotus eryngii. Each formula was randomly selected from 3 groups of 10 bags each, and the statistical average yield and biological efficiency index are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 average yield of Pleurotus eryngii
Figure BDA0003422652500000041
As can be seen from Table 1, the yield of fruiting bodies of formula 2 (the addition amount of the seaweed residues is 3%) and formula 3 (the addition amount of the seaweed residues is 5%) is significantly improved compared with formula 1, which indicates that the addition of a proper amount of the seaweed residues in the culture medium is beneficial to the formation of the fruiting bodies and the improvement of the yield.
Compared with the formula 1, the fruiting body yield of the formula 4 (the addition amount of the seaweed residues is 7%) and the formula 5 (the addition amount of the seaweed residues is 9%) is slightly reduced, which indicates that the excessive seaweed residues are not beneficial to the growth of the fruiting body.
The addition of 3% and 5% of seaweed residues in the culture material is beneficial to the formation of pleurotus eryngii fruiting bodies and the improvement of yield, so that the more suitable formulas are formula 2 and formula 3. And (2) formula: 40% of miscellaneous wood chips, 30% of corncobs, 25% of bran, 3% of seaweed residues, 1% of lime and 1% of calcium carbonate. And (3) formula: 38% of miscellaneous wood chips, 30% of corncobs, 25% of bran, 5% of seaweed residues, 1% of lime and 1% of calcium carbonate.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1. The pleurotus eryngii cultivar culture medium is characterized by comprising 3-5% of seaweed residues by mass.
2. The cultivar medium of claim 1, wherein the seaweed residue is kelp residue obtained by removing algin.
3. The cultivar culture medium according to claim 1, wherein the cultivar culture medium is formulated in the following parts by mass: 38-40 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 28-32 parts of corncobs, 23-27 parts of bran, 3-5 parts of seaweed residues, 0.8-1.2 parts of lime, 0.8-1.2 parts of calcium carbonate and water; the water content of the culture medium for the cultivars is 60-65%.
4. The cultivar culture medium according to claim 2, wherein the cultivar culture medium is formulated in the following parts by mass: 38-40 parts of miscellaneous wood chips, 30 parts of corncobs, 25 parts of bran, 3-5 parts of seaweed residues, 1 part of lime, 1 part of calcium carbonate and water; the water content of the culture medium for the cultivars is 60-65%.
5. A cultivation method of pleurotus eryngii is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) taking pleurotus eryngii strains, inoculating the pleurotus eryngii strains into a mother strain culture medium, and culturing at 25-30 ℃;
(2) inoculating the cultured mother strain into a stock culture medium, and then culturing at 20-23 ℃;
(3) selecting an original seed with white hyphae and excellent growth vigor, inoculating the original seed into a fungus bag prepared from the culture medium of any one of claims 1 to 4, and then culturing the original seed in a dark place at the temperature of 20 to 23 ℃;
(4) and (4) fruiting the physiologically mature fungus.
6. The cultivation method according to claim 5, wherein the mother culture medium formula is: 180-220 parts of potato, 18-22 parts of glucose, 13-17 parts of agar and 900-1100 parts of water.
7. The cultivation method according to claim 6, wherein the mother culture medium formula is: 200 parts of potato, 20 parts of glucose, 15 parts of agar and 1000 parts of water.
8. The cultivation method according to claim 5, wherein the stock culture medium is prepared by: boiling the branches in 1-1.2% white sugar water for 30 minutes, taking out, uniformly mixing with the soaked bran, filling the mixture into a container, filling the space in the container with the mixed wood chips with the water content of 60-63% and the bran with the water content of 60-63%, and sterilizing by high-pressure steam.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115005009A (en) * 2022-04-25 2022-09-06 南京吾悦农业科技有限公司 Pleurotus eryngii solid strain and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN106938944A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-07-11 山东七河生物科技股份有限公司 Pleurotus eryngii industrial high yield cultivating method
CN111543252A (en) * 2020-05-08 2020-08-18 福建环海生物科技股份有限公司 Seaweed gel extraction residue post-treatment process, fungus culture medium and fungus culture method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101061777A (en) * 2006-04-28 2007-10-31 刘魁 Pleurotus eryngii cultivating material
CN106938944A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-07-11 山东七河生物科技股份有限公司 Pleurotus eryngii industrial high yield cultivating method
CN111543252A (en) * 2020-05-08 2020-08-18 福建环海生物科技股份有限公司 Seaweed gel extraction residue post-treatment process, fungus culture medium and fungus culture method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115005009A (en) * 2022-04-25 2022-09-06 南京吾悦农业科技有限公司 Pleurotus eryngii solid strain and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20220315