CN114156502A - Fuel cell cogeneration system - Google Patents
Fuel cell cogeneration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114156502A CN114156502A CN202111352190.XA CN202111352190A CN114156502A CN 114156502 A CN114156502 A CN 114156502A CN 202111352190 A CN202111352190 A CN 202111352190A CN 114156502 A CN114156502 A CN 114156502A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fuel cell cogeneration system, which comprises a fuel cell stack (41), an air subsystem, a hydrogen subsystem, a cooling subsystem, a waste heat recovery subsystem, an electric power subsystem and an auxiliary cooling subsystem, wherein the air subsystem and the hydrogen subsystem are used for supplying oxygen and hydrogen to the fuel cell stack (41), the cooling subsystem is used for performing cold and hot circulation with the fuel cell stack (41), the waste heat recovery subsystem is connected with the cooling subsystem, the waste heat recovery subsystem stores heat output by the fuel cell stack (41) and supplies heat to the outside, the electric power subsystem is connected with an electric energy output end of the fuel cell stack (41), and the auxiliary cooling subsystem is connected with the electric power subsystem and is used for cooling electric devices in the electric power subsystem. Compared with the prior art, the system has rich functions and has multiple modes of energy storage and grid connection/grid disconnection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell cogeneration system.
Background
A proton exchange membrane fuel cell is an electrochemical power generation device using hydrogen as fuel and oxygen in the air as an oxidant. The device is considered to be the cleanest and efficient new energy power generation device due to the advantages of no pollution, high energy conversion rate, high response speed and the like.
The combined heat and power system with fuel cell is one of the fixed fuel cell applications, and combines the power generated by the fuel cell and the heat generated by the work to utilize, and the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the system can exceed 90%.
The application scenarios of hydrogen energy and fuel cells need to be continuously expanded under the background of the existing energy sources so as to enrich the energy source system. The fuel cell cogeneration can be used for providing electric energy and heat energy in small independent and centralized houses, independent commercial tenants and other common civil scenes. Meanwhile, electric energy and heat energy can be provided for other remote areas, islands and outdoor equipment by matching a proper inverter with the power grid.
The actual application function design of the existing fuel cell cogeneration system is single, and the existing fuel cell cogeneration system does not have multiple modes of energy storage and grid connection/grid disconnection.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a fuel cell cogeneration system for overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a fuel cell cogeneration system, this system includes fuel cell pile, air subsystem, hydrogen subsystem, cooling subsystem, waste heat recovery subsystem, electric power subsystem and auxiliary cooling subsystem, air subsystem, hydrogen subsystem be used for to fuel cell pile supply oxygen and hydrogen, cooling subsystem be used for carrying out cold and hot circulation with the fuel cell pile, waste heat recovery subsystem connect cooling subsystem, waste heat recovery subsystem save and the external heat supply with the heat of fuel cell pile output, electric power subsystem connect the electric energy output of fuel cell pile, auxiliary cooling subsystem connect electric power subsystem and be used for cooling down to the electrical part among the electric power subsystem.
Preferably, the air subsystem comprises an air chemical filter, an air flow meter, an air compressor and a humidifier which are sequentially connected, the humidifier is connected with an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the humidifier is connected with a back pressure valve used for adjusting air pressure in the stack.
Preferably, the hydrogen subsystem including supplying the hydrogen module, supply the hydrogen module input and connect the hydrogen entry through advancing the hydrogen solenoid valve, supply the hydrogen module output and connect the hydrogen entry of fuel cell pile, the hydrogen exit linkage water knockout drum of fuel cell pile, the hydrogen separation export of moisture ware is connected to the output of supplying the hydrogen module through the hydrogen circulating pump, the liquid water separation export of moisture ware is through arranging hydrogen valve and liquid water discharge system, the hydrogen module be the pressure that hydrogen pressure sensor's change control hydrogen got into the pile through the hydrogen entry, set up level sensor on the water knockout drum, it is long when control hydrogen discharge valve opens and closes.
Preferably, the cooling subsystem including be used for carrying out the water pump that circulates with the coolant liquid of input and output fuel cell pile, the water pump input be connected with the moisturizing water tank, the high temperature coolant liquid output of water pump pass through electronic three-way valve and connect waste heat recovery subsystem and the sub-branch road of initiatively cooling, the coolant liquid entry of fuel cell pile is connected to the coolant liquid output of the sub-branch road of initiatively cooling, the coolant liquid output of waste heat recovery subsystem also connect the coolant liquid entry of fuel cell pile.
Preferably, the active cooling sub-branch comprises a radiator.
Preferably, the waste heat recovery subsystem include the heat storage water tank, be equipped with the heat transfer coil pipe in the heat storage water tank, the heat transfer coil pipe be used for the circulation to carry out the coolant liquid of heat transfer, the heat storage water tank in still be equipped with electric heater.
Preferably, the power subsystem includes a DCDC booster, a DCL step-down transformer module and a dc-to-ac inverter, the DCDC booster and the DCL step-down transformer module include a DCDC booster for boosting and a DCL step-down transformer for system auxiliary power supply, the fuel cell stack is connected to the dc-to-ac inverter through the DCDC booster, and the dc-to-ac inverter realizes two operation modes of grid connection and grid disconnection.
Preferably, the power subsystem further comprises an energy storage battery, the energy storage battery is connected with the output end of the DCDC booster, the energy storage battery is further charged through a charger and a voltage adapter module, the energy storage battery is charged in the operation process of the fuel cell stack, when the system is not in operation in a combined heat and power mode, the energy storage battery is charged through the charger and the voltage adapter module, and when the fuel cell stack is lack of hydrogen or in a failure mode, the energy storage battery is used for providing hot water for external power supply and electric heating.
Preferably, the auxiliary cooling subsystem comprises an auxiliary cooling water pump, an auxiliary cooling water supplementing tank and an auxiliary cooling radiator, the auxiliary cooling is arranged in the auxiliary cooling loop, the auxiliary cooling water supplementing tank is communicated with the auxiliary cooling loop, and the auxiliary cooling radiator radiates high-temperature cooling liquid in the auxiliary cooling loop.
Preferably, the system also comprises a plurality of sensors, including a hydrogen flowmeter, a waste heat recovery flowmeter, a current-voltage sensor, a temperature sensor and the like, the hydrogen flowmeter acquires the hydrogen flow entering the equipment to calculate the hydrogen energy consumption and the hydrogen energy, the voltage-current sensor calculates the equipment output electric energy, the waste heat recovery flowmeter and the temperature sensor acquire signals to calculate the recovered heat energy, and finally the controller feeds back the electric efficiency, the thermal efficiency and the comprehensive efficiency of the cogeneration in real time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a fuel cell cogeneration system. The galvanic pile, the hydrogen subsystem, the air subsystem, the cooling subsystem, the waste heat recovery subsystem, the electric power subsystem and the auxiliary cooling subsystem are combined into a complete combined heat and power system. The off-grid and grid-connected external output power can be realized, and the application of fuel cell cogeneration can be better adapted through the combination of the energy storage battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell cogeneration system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operating logic of the co-generation system of the fuel cell of the present invention.
In the figure, 11 is an air chemical filter, 12 is an air flow meter, 13 is an air compressor, 14 is a humidifier, 15 is a combined sensor, 16 is a back pressure valve, 21 is a hydrogen flow meter, 22 is a hydrogen supply module inlet pressure sensor, 23 is a hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve, 24 is a hydrogen supply module, 25 is a pile inlet hydrogen pressure sensor, 26 is a water separator, 27 is a liquid level sensor on the water separator, 28 is a hydrogen discharge valve, 29 is a hydrogen circulating pump, 311 is a pile water outlet temperature sensor, 312 is a water pump, 313 is a water discharge valve, 314 is a water replenishing water tank, 315 is a water tank liquid level sensor, 316 is an electronic three-way valve, 317 is a radiator, 318 is a deionizer, 319 is a pile water inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor, 320 is a heat storage water tank inlet temperature sensor, 321 is a heat storage water tank outlet temperature sensor, 322 is a heat storage water tank, 323 is an electric heater, 324 is an internal water tank temperature and pressure integrated sensor, 325 is a water tank internal heat exchange coil, 326 is a waste heat recovery flowmeter, 327 is a water replenishing tank, 328 is a water replenishing tank liquid level sensor, 329 is a water pump, 330 is a drain valve, 331 is a radiator, 332 is a water pressure sensor, 41 is a fuel cell stack, 42 is a DCDC booster and DCL step-down device module, 43 is a direct current-to-alternating current inverter, 44 is an energy storage battery, 45 is a charger and voltage adapter module, 46 is a hydrogen concentration sensor, and 47 is an ambient temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. Note that the following description of the embodiments is merely a substantial example, and the present invention is not intended to be limited to the application or the use thereof, and is not limited to the following embodiments.
Examples
The invention provides a fuel cell cogeneration system, which is designed and functionally elaborated in detail. The functions that can be realized are: the power supply system can be used for grid-connected output and off-grid output. As a heating system, heat can be stored and supplied through the water tank. As an energy storage system, the battery is charged when the fuel cell normally operates, the internal energy storage battery can be charged through an external power grid when the fuel cell does not operate, and the fuel cell is short of hydrogen or supplies power and supplies heat in a short time in a failure mode. And finally, monitoring the normal operation of the system and feeding back the system efficiency in real time through a large number of sensors.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell cogeneration system, including:
air subsystem components: air chemical filter 11, air flow meter 12, air compressor 13, humidifier 14, combination sensor 15, back pressure valve 16.
Hydrogen subsystem components: the system comprises a hydrogen flowmeter 21, a hydrogen supply module inlet pressure sensor 22, a hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve 23, a hydrogen supply module 24, a galvanic pile inlet hydrogen pressure sensor 25, a water separator 26, a water separator upper liquid level sensor 27, a hydrogen discharge valve 28 and a hydrogen circulating pump 29.
Cooling subsystem components: a pile water outlet temperature sensor 311, a water pump 312, a drain valve 313, a water replenishing water tank 314, a water tank liquid level sensor 315, an electronic three-way valve 316, a radiator 317, a deionizer 318 and a pile water inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 319.
A waste heat recovery subsystem: the system comprises a heat storage water tank inlet temperature sensor 320, a heat storage water tank outlet temperature sensor 321, a heat storage water tank 322, an electric heater 323, a water tank internal temperature and pressure integrated sensor 324, a water tank internal heat exchange coil 325 and a waste heat recovery path flowmeter 326.
The power subsystem: the system comprises a galvanic pile 41, a DCDC booster and DCL step-down module 42, a DC-to-AC inverter 43, an energy storage battery 44, a charger and voltage adapter module 45, a hydrogen concentration sensor 46 and an ambient temperature sensor 47.
An auxiliary cooling subsystem: the system comprises a water replenishing tank 327, a water replenishing tank liquid level sensor 328, a water pump 329, a drain valve 330, a radiator 331 and a water pressure sensor 332.
In this embodiment, the fuel cell cogeneration system optionally draws air in the atmosphere through the chemical filter 11 by the air compressor 13, and the particulate matter and the harmful gas are filtered. While airflow meter 12 measures the specific incoming airflow. After entering the humidifier 14, the dry air is humidified, and then enters the electric pile 41 to perform electrochemical reaction to generate electric energy and heat energy. The combi sensor 15 can measure the temperature, pressure and humidity of the air entering the stack 41, and the back pressure valve 16 cooperates with the air compressor 13 to regulate the flow and pressure of the air entering.
In this embodiment, optionally, the fuel cell cogeneration system measures the flow of hydrogen into the system through the hydrogen flow meter 21, the hydrogen supply module inlet pressure sensor 22 measures the pressure of hydrogen entering the system, and if the pressure is larger or smaller, a fault report may be performed to remind the control module to perform relevant processing. When the hydrogen supply module inlet pressure sensor 22 detects the normality, the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 23 is opened to allow hydrogen gas to enter the hydrogen supply module 24. The hydrogen supply module 24 monitors the pressure fed back by the pile inlet hydrogen pressure sensor 25 in real time, if the pressure is lower, the hydrogen is supplemented, and if the pressure is higher, the hydrogen supplementation is stopped, so that the pressure of the hydrogen in the pile 41 is near a set value in real time. The hydrogen supply module 24 is provided with a pressure relief pipeline, can set a pressure relief value and is communicated to a tail exhaust position, so that sudden high pressure caused by failure of the hydrogen pressure sensor 25 at the inlet of the galvanic pile is prevented.
The outlet of the hydrogen side of the electric pile 41 enters the water separator 26, the content of liquid water in the water separator 26 can be obtained by monitoring the signal of the liquid level sensor 27 on the water separator 26, and the liquid water on the hydrogen supply side of the fuel cell thermoelectric coupling can be effectively discharged by controlling the opening and closing of the hydrogen discharge valve 28. The hydrogen circulating pump 29 can circulate the hydrogen on the hydrogen side of the galvanic pile 41 to the inlet end, so as to improve the hydrogen utilization rate and the hydrogen humidity.
In this embodiment, the fuel cell cogeneration system optionally circulates the cold zone fluid of the cooling subsystem through a water pump 312, and the stack water outlet temperature sensor 311 can be approximated as a feedback of the water temperature condition in the stack 41. The water temperature control is performed by the rotation speed of the water pump 312 and the rotation speed of the radiator 317. The circulation path does not pass through a waste heat recovery subsystem, and carries out active cooling treatment on the generated heat load.
The distribution of the flow of both the waste heat recovery subsystem circulation path and the active radiator 317 is controlled by an electronic three-way valve 316. The water replenishment tank 314 is used to replenish water to the cooling subsystem, and the tank level sensor 315 monitors the cooling subsystem for lack and sends a signal prompt. The drain valve 313 is used for actively discharging cooling liquid in the maintenance process of the cooling subsystem, and the deionizer 318 can adsorb ions of the cooling subsystem, so that the system insulation is improved. The temperature and pressure of the coolant at the inlet of the cell stack 41 can be monitored by the cell stack water temperature and pressure integrated sensor 319, and whether the cooling subsystem is abnormal or not can be judged
In this embodiment, optionally, the flow rate of the waste heat recovery subsystem is controlled by an electronic three-way valve 316, and the opening angle of the electronic three-way valve 316 is controlled by an algorithm based on signals of an external heat supply temperature, a system operation process, a temperature and pressure integrated sensor 324 in the water tank, and the like.
The inlet temperature sensor 320 and the outlet temperature sensor 321 of the heat storage water tank can feed back the temperature of the cooling liquid passing through the waste heat recovery system, and the temperature difference between the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor and the flow passing through the flow meter 326 of the waste heat recovery circuit can be calculated to obtain the heat energy of waste heat recovery.
The heat storage water tank 322 contains a water tank internal heat exchange coil 325, and heat of the fuel cell cooling subsystem is exchanged into the heat storage water tank 322 through heat conduction. The electric heater 323 can provide electric energy through the energy storage battery 45 when the fuel cell cannot work, and actively heat the heat storage water tank 322, so as to ensure hot water supply.
In this embodiment, optionally, the electric power subsystem includes the electric pile 41 to generate electricity and heat, the electric pile 41 is limited by the number of its sheets, the voltage level is low, and the output voltage of the electric pile 41 can be raised to the voltage level receivable by the inverter and energy storage battery 45 by adding the DCDC booster and DCL reducer module 42.
The DCDC booster and DCL booster module 42 has a pressure reduction function therein for supplying power to auxiliary components in the fuel cell system, such as the water pump 312, the circulation pump 29, the hydrogen discharge valve 28, sensors, and the like. The voltage levels of the auxiliary components are not restricted, and can be various, and only corresponding voltage matching is needed.
The fuel cell cogeneration system outputs power to the outside through the dc-to-ac inverter 43, and has two modes of grid separation and grid connection, however, if there are other devices requiring power from the outside in a dc voltage class, related electric devices may be added before the dc-to-ac inverter 43, and related changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The energy storage battery 44 can be charged during the operation of the fuel cell, and can also be converted into alternating current to supply power to the outside, depending on the judgment of the capacity of the energy storage battery and the specific setting of the external required power during the operation of the system.
The energy storage battery 44 is provided with a corresponding charger and voltage adapter module 45, so that the energy storage battery can be charged by an external power grid, energy storage is carried out in advance, and when the fuel cell cannot work, the electric energy of the energy storage battery 44 is used for supplying power and heat externally.
The hydrogen concentration sensor 46 can monitor the leakage of hydrogen in the system in real time, which is beneficial to safe operation. The ambient temperature sensor 47 collects the ambient temperature, and determines whether the fuel cell cogeneration system is operating in the low temperature mode.
In this embodiment, the auxiliary cooling subsystem optionally includes a makeup tank level sensor 328, a water pump 329, a drain valve 330, a radiator 331, and a water pressure sensor 332. These components ensure a temperature reduction effect during operation of the DCDC booster and DCL buck module 42 and the dc-to-ac inverter 43.
In this embodiment, a schematic diagram of the operation logic of the fuel cell cogeneration system according to the invention is given with reference to fig. 2, and the operation process of the fuel cell cogeneration system comprises the following steps:
and S10, the system receives a power-on starting and self-test instruction.
And S11, setting the required power and the water temperature.
And S12, judging whether the fuel cell can work normally.
And S13, if the fuel cell can not work normally, the energy storage cell 44 provides electric energy completely, and the energy storage cell 44 heats the temperature of the water tank electrically to ensure power supply and heat supply. When the energy storage battery 44 is used for a long time and the capacity of the energy storage battery is low, the system can perform corresponding reminding.
And S14, the energy storage battery 44 is externally connected to or disconnected from the grid through the direct current to alternating current inverter 43, and the electric heating power is controlled according to the temperature signal fed back by the temperature and pressure integrated sensor 324 in the water tank.
And S15, the fuel cell system is normal, and electric energy and heat energy can be output.
And S16, judging the required power and the fuel cell outputtable power.
And S17, if the output power of the fuel cell is less than the required power, the energy storage battery 44 is required to provide part of electric energy. When the capacity of the energy storage battery 44 is low, the system will make a corresponding prompt.
And S18, if the output power of the fuel cell is larger than or equal to the required power, the required power is completely provided by the fuel cell.
And S19, simultaneously monitoring whether the SOC of the energy storage battery 44 is low in real time.
S20, if the SOC of the energy storage battery 44 is normal, the required power is completely provided by the fuel cell and the energy storage battery 44 is not operated.
S21, if the SOC of the energy storage battery 44 is lower, the fuel cell provides the required power and charges the energy storage battery 44.
And S22, monitoring the temperature condition of the water tank in real time during the operation of the fuel cell, and comparing the temperature condition with a set value.
And S23, if the temperature in the water tank is higher than the set value, the electronic three-way valve 316 is partially opened, the heat part of the fuel cell enters the radiator 317, and the temperature is reduced by the radiator 317 through rotating speed control. Another part of the heat exchanges heat at the heat exchange coil 325 inside the water tank, and is balanced with the heat taken away by the cold water entering the hot water storage tank 322.
And S24, if the temperature in the heat storage water tank 322 is less than or equal to the set value, the electronic three-way valve is opened fully, and the heat of the fuel cell is completely exchanged at the heat exchange coil 325 in the water tank.
S25, when the fuel cell operates at the maximum power, the generated heat is the largest, and if the temperature in the hot water storage tank 322 is still less than or equal to the set value, the energy storage battery 44 is required to provide power to operate the electric heater 323.
S26, controlling the power of the electric heater 323 according to the specific change of the temperature in the hot water storage tank 322 to set the water temperature as much as possible.
In this embodiment, optionally, the fuel cell cogeneration system performs efficiency estimation according to the following formula and can feed back to the control interface in real time: including electrical efficiency, thermal efficiency, and combined heat and power efficiency.
(1) Electric efficiency
Wherein etaERepresenting the electrical efficiency, P0Represents power, which can be measured by current and voltage sensors, and represents the individual stack 41 output power if the measurement point is at the back end of the stack 41; if the measurement point is at the rear of the DCDC booster and DCL booster module 42, it represents the fuel cell system output power; if the measuring point is behind the DC-AC inverter 43, the measuring point represents the integrated output power of the fuel cell combined heat and power after being converted into the AC power. If the internal SOC of the energy storage battery 44 changes, the denominator in the notations is
PBIndicating the power change condition of the energy storage battery.
The flow rate of hydrogen gas is indicated,
indicating the heating value of hydrogen.
(2) Thermal efficiency
Wherein etaQRepresents the thermal efficiency, C represents the specific heat capacity of the coolant, M represents the flow rate collected by the waste heat recovery path flow meter 326, and T1And T2The temperature values collected by the hot water storage tank inlet temperature sensor 320 and the hot water storage tank outlet temperature sensor 321 can be represented, and the temperature difference value after passing through the heat exchange coil 325 in the water tank can be calculated.
(3) Combined heat and power efficiency
η＝ηE+ηQ
Eta represents the combined heat and power efficiency of the system.
The invention discloses specific components, a specific use method and a used logic strategy of a fuel cell cogeneration system. No logic description is given to how the internal fuel cell stack, hydrogen subsystem, air subsystem, cooling subsystem, waste heat recovery subsystem, and power subsystem and their auxiliary cooling subsystems work.
The above embodiments are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the present invention. These embodiments may be implemented in other various manners, and various omissions, substitutions, and changes may be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fuel cell cogeneration system, characterized in that, this system includes fuel cell pile (41), air subsystem, hydrogen subsystem, cooling subsystem, waste heat recovery subsystem, electric power subsystem and auxiliary cooling subsystem, air subsystem, hydrogen subsystem be used for supplying oxygen and hydrogen to fuel cell pile (41), cooling subsystem be used for carrying out cold and hot circulation with fuel cell pile (41), waste heat recovery subsystem connect the cooling subsystem, waste heat recovery subsystem store the heat of fuel cell pile (41) output and supply heat to the outside, electric power subsystem connect the electric energy output of fuel cell pile (41), auxiliary cooling subsystem connect electric power subsystem and be used for cooling down the electrical apparatus in the electric power subsystem.
2. The fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, wherein said air subsystem comprises an air chemical filter (11), an air flow meter (12), an air compressor (13) and a humidifier (14) which are connected in sequence, said humidifier (14) is connected to an air inlet and an air outlet of the fuel cell stack (41), and said humidifier (14) is connected to a back pressure valve (16) for adjusting air pressure in the stack.
3. A fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, the hydrogen subsystem comprises a hydrogen supply module (24), the input end of the hydrogen supply module (24) is connected with a hydrogen inlet through a hydrogen inlet electromagnetic valve (23), the output end of the hydrogen supply module (24) is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack (41), the hydrogen outlet of the fuel cell stack (41) is connected with the water separator (26), the hydrogen separation outlet of the water separator (26) is connected with the output end of the hydrogen supply module (24) through the hydrogen circulating pump (29), the liquid water separation outlet of the water separator (26) discharges liquid water out of the system through the hydrogen discharge valve (28), the hydrogen supply module (24) controls the pressure of hydrogen entering the galvanic pile through the change of a hydrogen pressure sensor at a hydrogen inlet, a liquid level sensor is arranged on the water separator (26), and the opening and closing time of the hydrogen discharge valve (28) is controlled.
4. The fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling subsystem comprises a water pump (312) for circulating a coolant which is input into and output from the fuel cell stack (41), an input end of the water pump (312) is connected with a water replenishing tank (314), a high-temperature coolant output end of the water pump (312) is connected with the waste heat recovery subsystem and the active cooling sub-branch through an electronic three-way valve (316), a coolant output end of the active cooling sub-branch is connected with a coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack (41), and a coolant output end of the waste heat recovery subsystem is also connected with the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack (41).
5. The fuel cell cogeneration system of claim 4, wherein said active temperature reduction sub-branch comprises a radiator (316).
6. The fuel cell cogeneration system according to claim 4, wherein the waste heat recovery subsystem comprises a heat storage water tank (322), a heat exchange coil is arranged in the heat storage water tank (322), the heat exchange coil is used for circulating a cooling liquid for heat exchange, and an electric heater (323) is further arranged in the heat storage water tank (322).
7. The fuel cell cogeneration system of claim 1, wherein the power subsystem comprises a DCDC booster and DCL step-down module (42) and a dc-to-ac inverter (43), the DCDC booster and DCL step-down module (42) comprises a DCDC booster for boosting and a DCL step-down for system auxiliary power supply, the fuel cell stack (41) is connected with the dc-to-ac inverter (43) through the DCDC booster, and the dc-to-ac inverter (43) realizes two operation modes of grid connection and grid disconnection.
8. The combined heat and power supply system of the fuel cell as claimed in claim 7, wherein the power subsystem further comprises an energy storage battery (44), the energy storage battery (44) is connected with the output end of the DCDC booster, the energy storage battery (44) is further charged by a charger and a voltage adapter module (45), the energy storage battery (44) is charged during the operation of the fuel cell stack (41), when the combined heat and power supply system does not work, the energy storage battery (44) is charged by the charger and the voltage adapter module (45), and when the fuel cell stack (41) lacks hydrogen or is in a failure mode, the energy storage battery (44) is used for supplying hot water by external power supply and electric heating.
9. The fuel cell cogeneration system of claim 1, wherein said auxiliary cooling subsystem comprises an auxiliary cooling water pump, an auxiliary cooling water supply tank and an auxiliary cooling radiator, said auxiliary cooling is disposed in the auxiliary cooling loop, said auxiliary cooling water supply tank is communicated with the auxiliary cooling loop, and said auxiliary cooling radiator radiates the high-temperature coolant in the auxiliary cooling loop.
10. The fuel cell cogeneration system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of sensors including a hydrogen flowmeter, a waste heat recovery flowmeter, a current-voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, etc., wherein the hydrogen flowmeter collects the hydrogen flow entering the device to calculate the hydrogen energy consumption and the hydrogen energy, the voltage-current sensor calculates the device output electric energy, the waste heat recovery flowmeter and the temperature sensor collect signals to calculate the recovered heat energy, and finally the controller feeds back the electric efficiency, the thermal efficiency and the comprehensive efficiency of the cogeneration in real time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111352190.XA CN114156502A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Fuel cell cogeneration system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111352190.XA CN114156502A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Fuel cell cogeneration system |
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| CN114156502A true CN114156502A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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| CN202111352190.XA Pending CN114156502A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Fuel cell cogeneration system |
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| CN114614506A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-06-10 | 河南豫氢动力有限公司 | Fuel cell cogeneration electrical system |
| CN114976148A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-30 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for measuring and calculating efficiency of fuel cell |
| CN115084588A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-09-20 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | Multifunctional split type fuel cell test system |
| CN115085278A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-09-20 | 深圳市南科动力科技有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and power generation method thereof |
| CN116525891A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-08-01 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Control device and control method based on water discharge of fuel cell |
| CN116916634A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-10-20 | 四川川西数据产业有限公司 | Heat energy recovery system and method for data center |
| CN117613342A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2024-02-27 | 氢探新能源(烟台)有限公司 | Fuel cell cogeneration system and control method |
| WO2024098777A1 (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2024-05-16 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉善县供电公司 | Hydrogen-energy fuel cell power generation system |
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| CN114583231A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-03 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Combined cooling heating and power system of fuel cell and working method |
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| CN115084588A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-09-20 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | Multifunctional split type fuel cell test system |
| CN115085278A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-09-20 | 深圳市南科动力科技有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and power generation method thereof |
| WO2024098777A1 (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2024-05-16 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉善县供电公司 | Hydrogen-energy fuel cell power generation system |
| CN116525891A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-08-01 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Control device and control method based on water discharge of fuel cell |
| CN116916634A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-10-20 | 四川川西数据产业有限公司 | Heat energy recovery system and method for data center |
| CN116916634B (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-12-19 | 四川川西数据产业有限公司 | Heat energy recovery system and method for data center |
| CN117613342A (en) * | 2023-11-01 | 2024-02-27 | 氢探新能源(烟台)有限公司 | Fuel cell cogeneration system and control method |
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