CN114149912A - System and method for continuously extracting tea seed oil - Google Patents
System and method for continuously extracting tea seed oil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for continuously extracting tea seed oil, which comprises a shucker, wherein the shucker is used for shucking tea seeds; the crusher is connected with the shucker and is used for crushing the shelled camellia seeds; the storage tank is connected with the grinder and used for storing the ground camellia seeds; the meter is connected with the storage tank and is used for metering and weighing the crushed camellia seeds; the enzymolysis device is used for carrying out enzymolysis on the weighed camellia seeds and comprises at least two enzymolysis tanks which are alternately used; the centrifuge is connected with the enzymolysis device and is used for carrying out oil-water separation on the mixture after enzymolysis; the enzymolysis device comprises at least two enzymolysis tanks which can be used alternately, thereby ensuring the continuity of the enzymolysis process and leading the tea seed oil prepared by the aqueous enzymatic method to have higher production efficiency. The invention also provides a method for continuously extracting the tea seed oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deep processing of agricultural and sideline products, and particularly relates to a system and a method for continuously extracting tea seed oil.
Background
The camellia seed is mature seed of Camellia sinensis belonging to Camellia of Theaceae. The prepared tea seed oil has antioxidant effect, and can lower blood pressure, reduce blood lipid and inhibit arteriosclerosis. The tea oil does not contain erucic acid and cholesterol. Through the test: the tea oil contains more than 90 percent of unsaturated fatty acid, 80 to 83 percent of oleic acid and 7 to 13 percent of linoleic acid, and particularly, the abundant linolenic acid contained in the tea oil is necessary for human bodies and cannot be synthesized. The tea seed oil has a nutritive value comparable to or even higher than that of olive oil, and is a high-grade edible oil.
The tea saponin is composed of saccharide (hydrophilic group), sapogenin, and organic acid (hydrophobic group), is white or light yellow amorphous powder, is a natural surfactant, has emulsifying, decontaminating, foaming, solubilizing, and moistening effects, and has biological activities of killing mite, sterilizing, and killing parasite. Therefore, the tea saponin is widely applied to the fields of daily chemical industry, pesticides, medicines, foods and the like.
The traditional tea seed oil preparation method comprises a squeezing method and a solvent leaching method. The crude oil of the tea-seed oil prepared by the squeezing method is dark and turbid, and the residual oil in the oil cake after oil pressing is high; solvent leaching requires a desolventizing process, processing costs are large, and solvent residue is a concern to many consumers. Meanwhile, the two methods both require complicated post-treatment refining processes, require more equipment and large energy consumption, and are difficult to obtain high-quality products. The equipment for preparing the grease by the aqueous enzymatic method is simple, the operation is safe, the energy consumption is low, and the efficiency is high; the obtained crude oil has high quality and light color; the treatment condition is mild, and a detoxified protein product can be produced; the BOD value and the COD value in the wastewater are greatly reduced, the pollution is less and the treatment is easy. However, the technology for preparing the tea seed oil by the aqueous enzymatic method is not mature at present, and mainly shows the aspects of low production efficiency, low extraction efficiency of the tea seed oil and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a system for continuously extracting tea seed oil, so as to solve the technical problems of low production efficiency and low extraction efficiency of tea seed oil prepared by a water-enzyme method in the prior art; in addition, the invention also provides a method for continuously extracting the tea seed oil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the system for continuously extracting the tea seed oil is as follows:
a system for continuously extracting tea seed oil, comprising:
the husking device is used for husking the camellia seeds;
a pulverizer: the crushing device is connected with the husking device and is used for crushing the husked camellia seeds;
storage jar: the crushing machine is connected with the oil tea seeds and is used for crushing the oil tea seeds;
a meter: the oil tea seeds are connected with the storage tank, and the crushed oil tea seeds are weighed;
an enzymolysis device: the enzymolysis device comprises at least two enzymolysis tanks which are alternately used;
a centrifuge: the device is connected with the enzymolysis device and used for carrying out oil-water separation on the mixture after enzymolysis.
Has the advantages that: the system for continuously extracting the tea seed oil is provided with the enzymolysis device, the enzymolysis device comprises at least two enzymolysis tanks, and the enzymolysis tanks can be alternately used, so that the continuity of the enzymolysis process is ensured, and the tea seed oil prepared by the aqueous enzymatic method has higher production efficiency.
Furthermore, the enzymolysis device comprises a fixed disc and a rotating disc which is arranged above the fixed disc in a relative rotating mode, an accommodating cavity is formed in the fixed disc, an annular groove communicated with the accommodating cavity is formed in the upper surface of the fixed disc, and an outlet communicated with the accommodating cavity is formed in the lower portion of the fixed disc; the upper surface of the rotating disc is provided with a groove for placing the enzymolysis tank, the rotating disc is provided with a channel corresponding to the enzymolysis tank, the upper end of the channel is connected with an outlet of the enzymolysis tank, and the lower end of the channel is communicated with the annular groove; the enzymolysis device comprises a driving device, and the driving device is in transmission connection with the rotating disc through a transmission assembly.
Has the advantages that: the setting that the rolling disc passes through drive arrangement and drive assembly can realize for the rotation of fixed disk, and the rolling disc is including placing the recess of enzymolysis jar, through the rotation of the relative fixed disk of rolling disc to the opening that makes the enzymolysis jar corresponds with the export of counter, replaces when conveniently realizing the tea seed benevolence of enzymolysis jar after smashing in the splendid attire counter.
Furthermore, a through hole penetrating through the middle of the fixed disc is formed in the middle of the fixed disc, the transmission assembly comprises a transmission shaft which penetrates through the through hole and is fixed relative to the rotating disc, a first transmission gear is fixed to the lower portion of the transmission shaft, a second transmission gear is arranged on an output shaft of the driving device, and the first transmission gear is in meshing transmission with the second transmission gear.
Has the advantages that: the transmission assembly is simple in structure and arrangement.
Furthermore, the upper surface of fixed disk has seted up the first annular groove of opening up, the second annular groove of opening down has been seted up to the lower surface of rolling disc, and first annular groove corresponds the setting from top to bottom with the second annular groove and forms annular track, is provided with the ball in the annular track.
Has the advantages that: the friction force between the rotating disc and the fixed disc is reduced, and the rotating disc can rotate relative to the fixed disc conveniently.
Furthermore, the rotating disc is provided with a first positioning hole which is communicated up and down, the first positioning hole is arranged corresponding to the enzymolysis tank, the fixed disc is provided with a second positioning hole, and the positioning device further comprises a positioning part which sequentially penetrates through the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole so as to realize positioning of the rotating disc.
Has the advantages that: the rotating disc can be fixed at a certain position relative to the fixed disc through the positioning piece, the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole.
The inside of enzymolysis tank is provided with the inner tank, forms accommodation space between the inner wall of enzymolysis tank and the outer wall of inner tank, is provided with heating resistor among the accommodation space.
Has the advantages that: the enzymolysis tank is conveniently heated through the heating resistor.
Further, the enzymolysis tank includes rabbling mechanism, and rabbling mechanism includes driving motor and the (mixing) shaft of being connected with the driving motor transmission, and the (mixing) shaft is provided with the stirring vane of spiral setting along the upper and lower direction extension setting and stretching into the inner tank on the (mixing) shaft.
Has the advantages that: can conveniently realize stirring the inside oil tea seed after smashing of enzymolysis tank through rabbling mechanism, promote the enzymolysis reaction in the enzymolysis tank.
Further, enzymolysis tank top is provided with a first section of thick bamboo that holds of splendid attire enzyme, a second that contains water holds a section of thick bamboo, a third that contains alkaline solution holds a section of thick bamboo, and the import has been seted up at the top of enzymolysis tank.
Has the advantages that: conveniently add enzyme, water in the enzymolysis tank, adjust the pH of enzymolysis tank etc..
Be provided with between enzymolysis device and centrifuge and shake sieve soon and shake the first sheet frame filter of sieve connection soon, shake soon and be connected the setting with enzymolysis device, first sheet frame filter is connected the setting with centrifuge.
Has the advantages that: the enzymolysis mixture is filtered before the oil-water separation is carried out on the centrifugal machine, so that the influence of impurities in the enzymolysis tank on the oil-water separation is avoided.
A method for continuously extracting tea seed oil comprises the following steps:
s1: peeling; husking the cleaned camellia seeds by a husking device to form camellia seed kernels;
s2: crushing; crushing the camellia seed kernels by a crusher, and storing the crushed camellia seed kernels in a storage tank;
s3: metering; the camellia seed kernels in the storage tank enter a meter, and are accurately measured, so that a basis is provided for adding materials for subsequent enzymolysis reaction;
s4, enzymolysis; conveying the weighed crushed camellia seed kernels with a certain mass into an enzymolysis tank, adding water into the enzymolysis tank, wherein the mass of the added water is 2-5 times that of camellia seeds in the enzymolysis tank, adjusting the temperature of the mixture to 40-50 ℃, and adjusting the pH value in the enzymolysis tank to 7-9; adding mixed enzyme accounting for 1% of the mass of the camellia seed crushed material, stirring at a low speed, reacting for 3-4 hours, and heating to 70-90 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymolysis mixture;
s5: primarily dividing; pumping the mixture subjected to complete enzymolysis to a rotary vibration sieve for primary separation, and separating the material into camellia seed residue and an oil-water mixed solution;
s6: carrying out centrifugal separation; transferring the filtered tea seed oil to a clarifying tank for primary oil-water separation, heating the obtained supernatant to 90 ℃ through a heat exchanger, pumping the supernatant into a centrifugal machine for oil-water separation, further reducing the water content and impurity content in the tea seed oil, and separating enzymatic hydrolysate containing tea saponin;
s7: fine filtering; performing fine filtration on the oil-tea camellia seed oil subjected to centrifugal separation by using a plate-and-frame filter;
s8: drying; heating the tea seed oil after fine filtration to 95-115 ℃ by a plate heat exchanger, pumping into a continuous vacuum drier with the vacuum degree of-85 KPa to-95 KPa in the drier, and obtaining the finished product of tea seed oil.
The method for continuously extracting the tea seed oil has the advantages of simple process, continuous production, high oil yield, no pollutant discharge and suitability for large-scale industrial production compared with the traditional oil production process and the conventional intermittent enzyme method oil production process. It has obvious advantages in the aspects of energy source, environmental protection, safety, sanitation, comprehensive utilization of oil and the like. Reduces the equipment investment and the pollution to the environment, and improves the operation safety and the economical efficiency of the process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for continuously extracting tea seed oil according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an enzymolysis device of the system for continuously extracting tea seed oil in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the enzymolysis tank in the enzymolysis device in FIG. 2.
Reference numerals: 1-a scraper conveyor; 2-a magnetic separator; 3-a shucker; 4-a pulverizer; 5-a storage tank; 6-a meter; 7-an enzymolysis device; 8-rotating and vibrating the screen; 9-a first plate and frame filter; 10-a butterfly centrifuge; 11-a second plate and frame filter; 12-vacuum dryer; 13-fixing the disc; 14-a rotating disc; 15-a containment chamber; 16-an annular groove; 17-a drive shaft; 18-a first transfer gear; 19-a second transmission gear; 20-a servo motor; 21-a ball; 22-an outlet; 23-a first locating hole; 24-a second positioning hole; 25-channel; 26-an enzymolysis tank; 27-an inlet; 28-a second containment drum; 29-a first containment drum; 30-a third containment drum; 31-a drive motor; 32-stirring shaft; 33-stirring blades; 34-heating resistance.
Detailed Description
The system and the method for continuously extracting tea seed oil according to the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1, the system for continuously extracting tea seed oil of the present invention comprises a scraper conveyor 1, wherein one end of the scraper conveyor 1 is arranged at an outlet of a storage bin, tea seeds discharged from the outlet of the storage bin are transported by the scraper conveyor 1, the other end of the scraper conveyor 1 is arranged at a feed inlet of a magnetic separator 2, and the tea seeds transported by the scraper conveyor 1 enter the magnetic separator 2 for magnetic separation and screening; the discharge port of the magnetic separator 2 is connected with the feed port of the husking device 3 through conveying equipment, so that the camellia seeds screened by the magnetic separator 2 enter the husking device 3 to be husked to form camellia seed kernels, and the husked camellia seed meal is collected through a collecting box, wherein the conveying equipment comprises a conveying pipe and a conveying pump connected with the conveying pipe; the discharge port of the shucker 3 is connected with a crusher 4 through a conveying device, and in the embodiment, the crusher 4 is a hammer mill. The pulverizer 4 is used for smashing the tea-oil camellia seed kernel, and the smaller the crushing granularity is, the more favorable the enzymolysis is for getting oil, in this embodiment, the pulverizer 4 pulverizes the tea-oil camellia seed kernel into 20-60 mesh size of granule.
The discharge gate department of rubbing crusher 4 is provided with the lifting machine to promote the tea-oil camellia seed benevolence after smashing, the discharge gate department of lifting machine is provided with storage jar 5, and storage jar 5 is used for saving the tea-oil camellia seed benevolence after smashing. The discharge gate department of storage jar 5 is connected with counter 6 through conveying equipment, and conveying equipment here is the conveyer pipe and with duct connection's the pump body, and counter 6 is used for weighing the camellia seed benevolence measurement after smashing in storage jar 5, through the accurate measurement of counter 6, provides the basis for follow-up enzymolysis reaction addition material.
Discharge gate department of counter 6 is provided with scraper conveyor, scraper conveyor's one end sets up the discharge gate department at counter 66, scraper conveyor's the other end is provided with the lifting machine, the lifting machine is used for promoting the tea-oil camellia seed benevolence after the measurement, the discharge gate department of lifting machine is provided with enzymolysis device 7, enzymolysis device 7 includes two at least enzymolysis tank 26, the tea-oil camellia seed benevolence that promotes through the lifting machine will get into enzymolysis tank 26, add the material of certain proportion and carry out the enzymolysis according to the tea-oil camellia seed of adding in enzymolysis tank 26, in this embodiment, enzymolysis tank 26 is provided with four, four enzymolysis tank 26 alternate use, the continuity of enzymolysis reaction has been realized, finally obtain the enzymolysis mixture in enzymolysis tank 26 of enzymolysis device 7.
The discharge gate of enzymolysis device 7 is connected with through conveying equipment and shakes soon and sieve 8, and conveying equipment includes conveyer pipe and the delivery pump with duct connection, conveniently with the enzymolysis mixture pump sending in the enzymolysis device 7 to shake soon sieve 8 and carry out the primary separation, the primary separation becomes tea seed sediment and water oil mixture with the material separation. The discharge port of the rotary vibration sieve 8 is connected with a first plate-and-frame filter 9 through conveying equipment, and the first plate-and-frame filter 9 is used for filtering a small amount of residues in the oil-water mixed liquid.
The discharge port of the first plate and frame filter is connected with a clarifying tank (not shown in the figure) through a conveying device, primary oil-water separation is carried out in the clarifying tank to obtain tea seed oil supernatant (namely tea seed oil) and oil-water mixed liquid, the discharge port of the clarifying tank is connected with the butterfly-type centrifuge 10 through the conveying device, the conveying device comprises a conveying pipe and a conveying pump connected with the conveying pipe, the oil-water mixed liquid left in the clarifying tank is pumped to the butterfly-type centrifuge 10 to be subjected to oil-water separation, and therefore the content of moisture and impurities in the tea seed oil is further reduced. Separating to obtain enzymolysis liquid and tea seed oil; the enzymolysis liquid contains rich tea saponin, and can be used as raw material for washing and caring products for deep processing.
The discharge gate of butterfly centrifuge 10 passes through conveying equipment with second plate frame filter 11 and is connected, and second plate frame filter 11 is used for carrying out the fine filtration with the tea-seed oil after the centrifugation to further reduce impurity content in the tea-seed oil. A material conveying port of the second plate and frame filter 11 is connected with a plate heat exchanger through conveying equipment, and the tea seed oil is heated in the plate heat exchanger; the discharge port of the plate heat exchanger is connected with the vacuum dryer 12 through conveying equipment, the heated tea seed oil is dried in the vacuum dryer 12, the moisture in the tea seed oil is reduced to be below the national standard, and the vacuum degree in the vacuum dryer 12 is-85 KPa to-95 KPa.
As shown in fig. 2, the enzymolysis device 7 includes a fixed disk 13 and a rotating disk 14 relatively rotatably disposed on the fixed disk 13, a containing cavity 15 is disposed inside the fixed disk 13, an annular groove 16 communicated with the containing cavity 15 is disposed on the upper surface of the fixed disk 13, in this embodiment, the containing cavity 15 is an annular chamber, a through hole penetrating up and down is disposed in the middle of the fixed disk 13, and an outlet 22 communicated with the containing cavity 15 is disposed in the lower portion of the fixed disk 13.
The upper surface of rolling disc 14 is provided with the recess of placing enzymolysis tank 26, and in this embodiment, enzymolysis tank 26 is provided with four, and the recess also corresponds and is provided with four, and four recesses set up along circumference equipartition at the upper surface of rolling disc 14. The rotating disc 14 is provided with a channel 25 corresponding to the enzymolysis tank 26, that is, each enzymolysis tank 26 is provided with a channel 25 corresponding to each, the upper end of the channel 25 is connected with the outlet of the enzymolysis tank 26 in a sealing manner, the lower end of the channel 25 is communicated with the opening of the annular groove 16, and in order to prevent the enzymolysis mixture flowing out of the channel 25 from entering the gap between the rotating disc 14 and the fixed disc 13, in this embodiment, the fixed disc 13 is provided with an inner annular sealing ring and an outer annular sealing ring at the notch of the annular groove 16, wherein the inner annular sealing ring is arranged at the inner side of the annular notch of the fixed disc 13, and the outer annular sealing ring is arranged at the outer side of the annular notch of the fixed disc 13, so that when the rotating disc 14 rotates relative to the fixed disc 13, the rotating disc 14 and the fixed disc 13 keep a sliding sealing fit at the annular notch.
The enzymolysis device 7 includes a driving device, the driving device is in transmission connection with the rotating disc 14 through a transmission assembly, and in this embodiment, the driving device is a servo motor 20. The transmission assembly comprises a transmission shaft 17 penetrating through a through hole of the fixed disc 13, the transmission shaft 17 extends in the up-down direction, and a gap is formed between the transmission shaft 17 and the through hole, so that the fixed disc 13 is kept fixed when the driving device drives the transmission shaft 17 to rotate. The transmission shaft 17 is fixed relative to the rotary disk 14, so that the transmission shaft 17 can drive the rotary disk 14 to rotate when rotating. A first transmission gear 18 is fixed at the lower part of the transmission shaft 17, a second transmission gear 19 is arranged on an output shaft of the servo motor 20, and the first transmission gear 18 is in meshing transmission with the second transmission gear 19.
In order to reduce the friction force between the rotating disc 14 and the fixed disc 13, in this embodiment, the upper surface of the fixed disc 13 is provided with a first annular groove with an upward opening, the lower surface of the rotating disc 14 is provided with a second annular groove with a downward opening, the first annular groove and the second annular groove are correspondingly arranged up and down to form an annular track, and the annular track is provided with balls 21.
In order to position the rotating disc 14 relative to the fixed disc 13 conveniently, the rotating disc 14 is provided with four first positioning holes 23 which are vertically through, in this embodiment, the first positioning holes 23 are provided corresponding to the enzymolysis tank 26, the fixed disc 13 is provided with one second positioning hole 24, and the second positioning hole 24 is provided with one positioning member.
In this embodiment, servo motor 20 and controller control connection as drive arrangement, controller control servo motor 20's the number of rotations, thereby control the turned angle of rolling disc 14, thereby make enzymolysis tank 26 of enzymolysis device 7 can aim at the discharge gate of lifting machine just in time, thereby make things convenient for the lifting machine to carry the tea-oil camellia seed benevolence to enzymolysis tank 26 in, at this moment, first locating hole 23 and the alignment of second locating hole 24 that enzymolysis tank 26 corresponds, make things convenient for the locating pin to pass first locating hole 23 and the location of second locating hole 24 realization rolling disc 14 relative fixed disk 13. After a certain amount of camellia seed kernels are contained in one of the enzymolysis tanks 26, the positioning pins are removed, the controller controls the servo motor 20 to work, so that the rotating disc 14 rotates by a certain angle, and the other enzymolysis tank 26 is positioned below a discharge port of the elevator.
After the enzymolysis in the enzymolysis tank 26 is complete, the enzymolysis mixture in the enzymolysis tank 26 will pass through the discharge gate of enzymolysis tank 26 and get into the chamber 15 that holds of fixed disk 13 through the passageway 25 of rolling disc 14, and in this embodiment, the chamber 15 that holds of fixed disk 13 is greater than the volume of enzymolysis tank 26. So that the enzymolysis mixture is discharged out of the enzymolysis device 7 through the discharge hole of the containing cavity 15.
In order to facilitate the control of the enzymolysis conditions in the enzymolysis tank 26, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, an inner tank is arranged inside the enzymolysis tank 26, an accommodation space is formed between the inner wall of the enzymolysis tank 26 and the outer wall of the inner tank, a heating resistor 34 is arranged in the accommodation space, the inner tank of the enzymolysis tank 26 is heated through the heating resistor 34, so as to ensure that the enzymolysis reaction in the inner tank is at a proper temperature, a temperature sensor (not shown) is arranged in the inner tank, the temperature sensor is in control connection with a controller, the heating resistor 34 is in control connection with the controller, and thus the temperature in the enzymolysis tank 26 is conveniently adjusted.
In order to add reaction materials into the enzymolysis tank 26 conveniently, in this embodiment, the top of the enzymolysis tank 26 is provided with a first containing cylinder 29, the first containing cylinder 29 contains reaction enzymes, and a first valve is arranged between the first containing cylinder 29 and the enzymolysis tank 26. A second containing cylinder 28 is arranged at the top of the enzymolysis tank 26, water is contained in the second containing cylinder 28, and a second valve is arranged between the second containing cylinder 28 and the enzymolysis tank 26; the top of enzymolysis tank 26 is provided with the third and holds a section of thick bamboo 30, and the splendid attire has alkaline solution in the third holds a section of thick bamboo 30 to adjust the pH value in the enzymolysis tank 26 through adding alkaline solution to enzymolysis tank 26, be provided with the third valve between a section of thick bamboo 30 and the enzymolysis tank 26 is held to the third. An inlet 27 is formed in the top of the enzymolysis tank 26, so that the crushed camellia seed kernels can conveniently enter the enzymolysis tank 26 through the inlet 27.
A method for continuously extracting tea seed oil comprises the following steps:
s1: peeling; husking the cleaned camellia seeds by a husking device 3 to form camellia seed kernels, wherein the shells of the camellia seed kernels are less than or equal to 5%, and obtaining camellia seed kernels;
before husking, cleaning camellia seeds, airing the camellia seeds, and enabling the aired camellia seeds to enter workshop conveying equipment, wherein the workshop conveying equipment is a scraper conveyor 1, the camellia seeds are conveyed to a magnetic separator 2 through the scraper conveyor 1, the camellia seeds are screened and cleaned in the magnetic separator 2, and then the cleaned camellia seeds are conveyed to a husking device 3 through conveying equipment between the magnetic separator 2 and the husking device 3 for husking;
s2: crushing; crushing the camellia seed kernels by a crusher 4, storing the crushed camellia seed kernels in a storage tank 5, wherein the smaller the crushing particle size is, the more favorable the enzymolysis oil extraction is, and in order to be more favorable for large-scale industrial continuous production, the camellia seed kernels are crushed into particles with the size of 20-60 meshes;
s3: metering; the camellia seed kernels in the storage tank 5 enter a meter 6, and are accurately measured, so that a basis is provided for adding materials for subsequent enzymolysis reaction;
s4, enzymolysis; conveying the weighed crushed camellia seed kernels with a certain mass into an enzymolysis tank 26, adding water into the enzymolysis tank 26, wherein the mass of the added water is 2-5 times of the weight of the camellia seeds in the enzymolysis tank 26, adjusting the temperature of the mixture to 40-50 ℃, and adjusting the pH value in the enzymolysis tank 26 to 7-9; adding mixed enzyme accounting for 1% of the mass of the camellia seed crushed material, stirring at a low speed, reacting for 3-4 hours, and heating to 70-90 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymolysis mixture;
s5: primarily dividing; the mixture which is completely enzymolyzed is pumped to a rotary vibration sieve 8 for primary separation, and the materials are separated into oil tea seed residues and oil-water mixed liquid;
filtering the oil-water mixed solution primarily separated by the rotary vibration sieve 8 through a first plate-and-frame filter 9 to filter a small amount of residues in the oil-water mixed solution;
s6: carrying out centrifugal separation; the filtered tea seed oil contains a large amount of enzymolysis liquid, the filtered tea seed oil is transferred to a clear oil tank for primary oil-water separation, the obtained supernatant is heated to 90 ℃ through a heat exchanger, the remaining oil-water mixed liquid is pumped into a centrifugal machine for oil-water separation, the water content and the impurity content in the tea seed oil are further reduced, and the separated enzymolysis liquid contains tea saponin which can be used as a raw material of a washing and caring product for deep processing;
s7: fine filtering; the oil tea seed oil after centrifugal separation is subjected to fine filtration by using a second plate-and-frame filter 11, so that impurities in the oil tea seed oil are further reduced;
s8: drying; heating the tea seed oil after fine filtration to 95-115 ℃ by a plate heat exchanger, pumping into a continuous vacuum drier 12, reducing the water content in the oil to below the national standard with the vacuum degree of-85 KPa to-95 KPa in the drier, cooling the dried tea seed oil to 40-60 ℃ by the plate heat exchanger, and then feeding into a bag filter for polishing and filtration to obtain the finished product of tea seed oil.
Compared with the traditional oil preparation process and the conventional intermittent enzyme method oil preparation process, the method for continuously extracting the tea seed oil has the advantages of simple process, continuous production, high oil yield and no pollutant discharge, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production. It has obvious advantages in the aspects of energy source, environmental protection, safety, sanitation, comprehensive utilization of oil and the like. Reduces the equipment investment and the pollution to the environment, and improves the operation safety and the economical efficiency of the process.
In the above embodiment, the upper surface of the rotating disc is provided with a groove for placing the enzymolysis tank; in other embodiments, the upper surface of the rotating disk may not be provided with a groove.
In the above embodiment, the upper surface of the fixed disk is provided with a first annular groove with an upward opening, the lower surface of the rotating disk is provided with a second annular groove with a downward opening, the first annular groove and the second annular groove are correspondingly arranged up and down to form an annular track, and balls are arranged in the annular track; in other embodiments, the first and second annular grooves may not be provided.
In the above embodiment, the rotating disc is provided with a first positioning hole which is communicated up and down, the first positioning hole is arranged corresponding to the enzymolysis tank, and the fixed disc is provided with a second positioning hole; in other embodiments, the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole may not be provided.
In the above embodiment, an inner tank is arranged inside the enzymolysis tank, an accommodating space is formed between the inner wall of the enzymolysis tank and the outer wall of the inner tank, and a heating resistor is arranged in the accommodating space; in other embodiments, heating resistor can also not set up, is provided with outer heated board at the outer wall of enzymolysis tank fixed this moment, forms between the outer heated board and the outer wall of enzymolysis tank and holds the chamber, holds the splendid attire aqueous solution in the chamber, holds to be provided with in the chamber and carries out the heating device who heats for aqueous solution.
In the above embodiment, the top of the enzymolysis tank is provided with a first containing cylinder for containing enzyme, a second containing cylinder for containing water, and a third containing cylinder for containing alkaline solution, and the top of the enzymolysis tank is provided with a feed inlet; in other embodiments, the first accommodating cylinder, the second accommodating cylinder and the third accommodating cylinder may not be provided, and at this time, enzyme, water and alkaline solution are added into the enzymolysis tank from the feed inlet of the enzymolysis tank.
In the above embodiment, a rotary vibration sieve and a first plate-frame filter connected with the rotary vibration sieve are arranged between the enzymolysis device and the centrifuge, the rotary vibration sieve is connected with the enzymolysis device, and the first plate-frame filter is connected with the centrifuge; in other embodiments, the rotary vibrating screen and the first plate-and-frame filter may not be provided.
Claims (10)
1. A system for continuously extracting tea seed oil is characterized by comprising:
the husking device is used for husking the camellia seeds;
a pulverizer: the crushing device is connected with the husking device and is used for crushing the husked camellia seeds;
storage jar: the crushing machine is connected with the oil tea seeds and is used for crushing the oil tea seeds;
a meter: the oil tea seeds are connected with the storage tank, and the crushed oil tea seeds are weighed;
an enzymolysis device: the enzymolysis device comprises at least two enzymolysis tanks which are alternately used;
a centrifuge: the device is connected with the enzymolysis device and used for carrying out oil-water separation on the mixture after enzymolysis.
2. The system for continuously extracting the tea seed oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the enzymolysis device comprises a fixed disc and a rotating disc which is relatively and rotatably arranged above the fixed disc, a containing cavity is arranged in the fixed disc, an annular groove communicated with the containing cavity is formed in the upper surface of the fixed disc, and an outlet communicated with the containing cavity is formed in the lower part of the fixed disc; the upper surface of the rotating disc is provided with a groove for placing the enzymolysis tank, the rotating disc is provided with a channel corresponding to the enzymolysis tank, the upper end of the channel is connected with an outlet of the enzymolysis tank, and the lower end of the channel is communicated with the annular groove; the enzymolysis device comprises a driving device, and the driving device is in transmission connection with the rotating disc through a transmission assembly.
3. The system for continuously extracting tea seed oil according to claim 2, wherein a through hole penetrating up and down is formed in the middle of the fixed disc, the transmission assembly comprises a transmission shaft which is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating manner and fixed relative to the rotating disc, a first transmission gear is fixed on the lower portion of the transmission shaft, a second transmission gear is arranged on an output shaft of the driving device, and the first transmission gear is in meshing transmission with the second transmission gear.
4. The system for continuously extracting tea seed oil as claimed in claim 3, wherein the upper surface of the fixed disc is provided with a first annular groove with an upward opening, the lower surface of the rotating disc is provided with a second annular groove with a downward opening, the first annular groove and the second annular groove are correspondingly arranged up and down to form an annular track, and balls are arranged in the annular track.
5. The system for continuously extracting tea seed oil as claimed in claim 4, wherein the rotating disc is provided with a first positioning hole which is vertically communicated with the enzymolysis tank, the fixed disc is provided with a second positioning hole, and the system further comprises a positioning member which sequentially passes through the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole to realize the positioning of the rotating disc.
6. The system for continuously extracting tea seed oil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an inner tank is arranged inside the enzymolysis tank, a containing space is formed between the inner wall of the enzymolysis tank and the outer wall of the inner tank, and a heating resistor is arranged in the containing space.
7. The system for continuously extracting tea seed oil as claimed in claim 6, wherein the enzymolysis tank comprises a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism comprises a driving motor and a stirring shaft in transmission connection with the driving motor, the stirring shaft extends in the up-down direction and extends into the inner tank, and the stirring shaft is provided with stirring blades in a spiral arrangement.
8. The system for continuously extracting tea seed oil as claimed in claim 7, wherein a first container for containing enzyme, a second container for containing water and a third container for containing alkaline solution are arranged at the top of the enzymolysis tank, and an inlet is formed at the top of the enzymolysis tank.
9. The system for continuously extracting tea seed oil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a rotary vibration sieve and a first plate and frame filter connected with the rotary vibration sieve are arranged between the enzymolysis device and the centrifuge, the rotary vibration sieve is connected with the enzymolysis device, and the first plate and frame filter is connected with the centrifuge.
10. A method for extracting tea seed oil by using a continuous tea seed oil extraction system according to any one of claims 1-9, which comprises the following steps:
s1: peeling; husking the cleaned camellia seeds by a husking device to form camellia seed kernels;
s2: crushing; crushing the camellia seed kernels by a crusher, and storing the crushed camellia seed kernels in a storage tank;
s3: metering; the camellia seed kernels in the storage tank enter a meter, and are accurately measured, so that a basis is provided for adding materials for subsequent enzymolysis reaction;
s4, enzymolysis; conveying the weighed crushed camellia seed kernels with a certain mass into an enzymolysis tank, adding water into the enzymolysis tank, wherein the mass of the added water is 2-5 times that of camellia seeds in the enzymolysis tank, adjusting the temperature of the mixture to 40-50 ℃, and adjusting the pH value in the enzymolysis tank to 7-9; adding mixed enzyme accounting for 1% of the mass of the camellia seed crushed material, stirring at a low speed, reacting for 3-4 hours, and heating to 70-90 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymolysis mixture;
s5: primarily dividing; pumping the mixture subjected to complete enzymolysis to a rotary vibration sieve for primary separation, and separating the material into camellia seed residue and an oil-water mixed solution;
s6: carrying out centrifugal separation; transferring the filtered tea seed oil to a clarifying tank for primary oil-water separation, heating the obtained supernatant to 90 ℃ through a heat exchanger, pumping the supernatant into a centrifugal machine for oil-water separation, further reducing the water content and impurity content in the tea seed oil, and separating enzymatic hydrolysate containing tea saponin;
s7: fine filtering; performing fine filtration on the oil-tea camellia seed oil subjected to centrifugal separation by using a plate-and-frame filter;
s8: drying; heating the tea seed oil after fine filtration to 95-115 ℃ by a plate heat exchanger, pumping into a continuous vacuum drier with the vacuum degree of-85 KPa to-95 KPa in the drier, and obtaining the finished product of tea seed oil.
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