CN103805332A

CN103805332A - Aqueous enzymatic camellia oil extraction method

Info

Publication number: CN103805332A
Application number: CN201210442375.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李宁
Original assignee: BEIJING ZHONGTIAN JINGU GRAIN OIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: BEIJING ZHONGTIAN JINGU GRAIN OIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-11-08
Filing date: 2012-11-08
Publication date: 2014-05-21

Abstract

The invention discloses an aqueous enzymatic camellia oil extraction method. According to the aqueous enzymatic camellia oil extraction method, mechanization of camellia seed unshelling can be realized; camellia seed oil content is high, and reaches 35.0 to 60.0%; camellia seed raw material is subjected to mechanical pulverization, and is mixed with water with a water to camellia seed raw material ratio of 3:1ml/g; extraction temperature is 40 DEG C; and extraction time is 90min. Operation temperature is low; energy consumption is low; the obtained oil is high in purity, low in phospholipid content, light in color, and low in acid value and peroxide value; generated waste water is low in BOD and COD, and is convenient for treatment, and less pollution is caused; the aqueous enzymatic camellia oil extraction method is capable of meeting with demands of 'high efficient, safe, and green'.

Description

A kind of Camellia oil aqueous enzymatic method is got oily technique

Technical field:

The present invention and technique, be applied to special edible oil fat-Camellia oil; Directly after glyceride stock grinds the tea seed kernel of shelling peeling, convert slurry and extract, obtain tea oil edible vegetable oil through centrifugation; To improve the technical field of oil yield.

Background technology:

Tea seed, also claims camellia seed, is one of the world's four large woody oleiferous plants, is mainly distributed in Jiangxi, China, Hunan, Anhui, Guangxi Si Sheng, maximum with Hunan.In addition, only have the ground such as South East Asia, Japan to have the distribution of minute quantity.The tea oil extracting from tea seed is rich in multiple nutritional components, as tea-polyphenol, camellianin, tsubakisaponin etc.; Especially its lipid acid composition is reasonable, and 74%～84%, oleic acid, it had both belonged to unsaturated fatty acids, was again monounsaturated fatty acids, not oxidizable bad change.Its trophic function can match in excellence or beauty with the sweet oil of Mediterranean Zone, has effect of preventing hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.In tea seed producing region, tea oil is produced the workshop-based squeezing process of most employing, not only cost is high, oil yield is low, and owing to containing more recuding sugars in tea seed, in expressing process, because being subject to high temperature that brown stain easily occurs, grease color is deepened, make that oil quality is poor and price is not high, purposes is restricted, and its squeeze cake is also difficult to utilize.Ye You factory adopts lixiviation process, but the organic solvent adopting is volatile, is difficult to meet the requirement of safety in production for midget plant, and cost is high, big for environment pollution.And in processed oil, easy residual solvent, even exceeds standard, and harm human consumer is healthy.Therefore, improve current production status in the urgent need to a kind of new technique.

Summary of the invention:

The technique that this project is related, for the special oil-Camellia oil of edible oil; The shelling of this technique tea seed can realize mechanize, and camellia seed kernel oleaginousness is high, reaches 35.0%～60.0%, belongs to soft oil plant, is suitable for aqueous enzymatic method and gets oil.Get oil and meet safety, nutrition, green requirement, environmental pollution is few, and cost is low.Tea seed raw material after mechanical disintegration, with water with tea seed kernel material than 3: 1 (mL/g), extract 40 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 90min and pH value 9.0, selecting ratio of water to material is 3; Along with the rising of temperature, oil extracting rate and edible vegetable oil yield all improve a lot, and edible vegetable oil yield increases during from 50 ℃ to 60 ℃ very fast, ease up after exceeding 60 ℃.

The reason that rising temperature significantly improves edible vegetable oil yield has two: the one, and under comparatively high temps, the viscosity of system reduces, grease molecular motion is more violent, make it from oilseeds replaced out after easily with system in compared with larger oil droplet collision in conjunction with and dissociate out, rather than by milk sap that water molecules is wrapped to form; The 2nd, protein partially denaturing under comparatively high temps, has lost the ability that forms protein hydration layer in oil droplets, thereby makes the milk sap unstability forming, and discharges grease, and edible vegetable oil yield is improved.When more than 60 ℃, the raising of edible vegetable oil yield eases up again, and edible vegetable oil yield can improve by extracting rear further breakdown of emulsion, more low better when normal temperature is above, and extraction time selects 120min to be advisable.PH value is very little on the impact of oil extracting rate; Very obvious on the impact of edible vegetable oil yield, pH value reaches at 9.0 o'clock and reaches maximum.The optimum process condition of Oleum Camelliae extraction: extract 75 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 150min, ratio of water to material 4.5: 1 (mL/g) and pH values 9.0, Oleum Camelliae extraction rate can reach 80.28%, and edible vegetable oil yield can reach 90.19%; Tea oil water enzymatic process provides a kind of new technique approach for Oleum Camelliae extraction.This technological operation temperature is low, and energy consumption is low; Extract have that purity is high, phospholipids content is low, lighter color, acid number and peroxide value low; In waste water BOD and COD value low, be easy to process, pollute few; Meet the requirement of " efficiently, safety, green ".

Accompanying drawing explanation:

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described, and Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of this project.

System is by a secondary filter 1, whizzer 2, moisture eliminator 3, a lift 4, pulverizer 5, No. two lifts 6, decorticator 7, flat scraper plate 8, No. three lifts 9, plate dryer 10, No. four lifts 11, worm conveyor 12, multistage cleaning sieve 13, refining bucket 14, No. six lifts 15, feeder 16, No. five lifts 17, stone remover 18, blower fan 19, paste roller mill 20, reacting by heating tank 21, horizontal spiral separating machine 22, vacuum-drying separator 23, No. two secondary filter 24 forms.

Embodiment:

The technique that this project is related, tea seed raw material enters lift 15 No. six through feeder 16; Rise to refining bucket 14 by No. six lifts 15, sieve 13 clean and classifies through multistage cleaning; Tea seed enters lift 17 No. five, is transported to stone remover 18 and clears up the foreign material such as the stone in tea-seed oil material; In order to avoid the damage to follow-up equipment.After cleaning, tea-seed oil material, through No. four lifts 11, is transported to plate dryer 10 and dries; Water vapour is discharged to outdoor through blower fan 19.After the oven dry of tea-seed oil material, through No. three lifts 9, be transported to decorticator 7 and carry out tea seed shell separating treatment; Shell is transported to worm conveyor 12 through flat scraper plate 8, and conveying chamber is processed outward together with multistage cleaning sieve 13, the isolated foreign material of stone remover 18.Isolated tea seed raw material, through No. two lifts 6, is transported to pulverizer 5 and pulverizes; Tea seed particle after pulverizing, through a lift 4, is transported to paste roller mill 20 and grinds processing.Through the tea seed raw material mixture of fine grinding, enter reacting by heating tank 21 and carry out heat treated; Make grease molecular motion aggravation by comparatively high temps, make it from oilseeds replaced out after with system in compared with larger oil droplet collision in conjunction with and dissociate out, rather than by milk sap that water molecules is wrapped to form; Protein partially denaturing under comparatively high temps in addition, has lost the ability that forms protein hydration layer in oil droplets, thereby makes the milk sap unstability forming, and discharges grease.Mixing liquid after reacting by heating, is transported to horizontal spiral separating machine 22 by oil-slurry pump and carries out solid-liquid separation; Water after separation returns to paste roller mill 20 and reuses, and oil mixing with water liquid is transported to whizzer 2 and carries out profit the second-order separation.The solid of the isolated heavy solids of whizzer 2 and horizontal spiral separating machine 22 enters moisture eliminator 3 and dries; The isolated water of whizzer 2 returns to paste roller mill 20 and reuses, and the second-order separation oil mixing with water liquid is transported to vacuum-drying separator 23 through oil pump to carry out moisture and finally process.Dried edible camellia oil tiny foreign material in a secondary filter 1 and No. two secondary filter 24 circulating filtration edible camellia oils are that finished product stores in oil depot through pump delivery.

Claims

1. Camellia oil aqueous enzymatic method is got an oily technique, its feature: tea seed raw material after mechanical disintegration, with water with tea seed kernel material than 3: 1 (mL/g), extract 40 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 90min; Produce edible oil.

2. technique according to claim 1, tea seed raw material enters No. six lifts (15) through feeder (16); Rise to refining bucket (14), through multistage cleaning sieve (13) clean and classify; Tea seed enters No. five lifts (17), is transported to the foreign material such as stone in stone remover (18) cleaning tea-seed oil material; In order to avoid the damage to follow-up equipment.After cleaning, tea-seed oil material, through No. four lifts (11), is transported to plate dryer (10) and dries; Water vapour is discharged to outdoor through blower fan (19).

3. technique according to claim 1, through No. three lifts (9), is transported to decorticator (7) and carries out tea seed shell separating treatment after the oven dry of tea-seed oil material; Shell is transported to worm conveyor (12) through flat scraper plate (8), and conveying chamber is processed outward together with multistage cleaning sieve (13), the isolated foreign material of stone remover (18).Isolated tea seed raw material, through No. two lifts (6), is transported to pulverizer 5 and pulverizes; Tea seed particle after pulverizing, through a lift (4), is transported to paste roller mill (20) and grinds processing.

4. technique according to claim 1, through the tea seed raw material mixture of fine grinding, enters reacting by heating tank (21) and carries out heat treated; Make grease molecular motion aggravation by comparatively high temps, make it from oilseeds replaced out after with system in compared with larger oil droplet collision in conjunction with and dissociate out, rather than by milk sap that water molecules is wrapped to form; Protein partially denaturing under comparatively high temps in addition, has lost the ability that forms protein hydration layer in oil droplets, thereby makes the milk sap unstability forming, and discharges grease.

5. technique according to claim 1, the mixing liquid after reacting by heating, is transported to horizontal spiral separating machine (22) by oil-slurry pump and carries out solid-liquid separation; Water after separation returns to paste roller mill (20) and reuses, and oil mixing with water liquid is transported to whizzer (2) and carries out profit the second-order separation.The solid of isolated heavy solids and horizontal spiral separating machine (22) enters moisture eliminator (3) and dries; Isolated water returns to paste roller mill (20) and reuses.

6. technique according to claim 1, the second-order separation oil mixing with water liquid is transported to vacuum-drying separator (23) through oil pump to carry out moisture and finally processes.Dried edible camellia oil tiny foreign material in a secondary filter (1) and No. two secondary filters (24) circulating filtration edible camellia oil are that finished product stores in oil depot through pump delivery.