CN114136924B - MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor - Google Patents
MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
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- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 108010028203 spidroin 2 Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 101100136092 Drosophila melanogaster peng gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- -1 Polydimethylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001872 Spider silk Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/0052—Manufacturing aspects; Manufacturing of single devices, i.e. of semiconductor magnetic sensor chips
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
- G01R33/0327—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect with application of magnetostriction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
- G01N2021/458—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods using interferential sensor, e.g. sensor fibre, possibly on optical waveguide
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Abstract
The invention provides an optical fiber sensing device for monitoring MXene and GMM cladding gas and magnetic field measurement and an implementation method thereof, which comprises a broadband light source (1), a circulator (2), a sensor system (3), a spectrum analyzer (4), a demodulation module (5) and a computer (6). The invention uses optical fiber to sense, uses ray tracing principle to make the light emitted by broadband light source generate interference spectrum in Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and uses the detection of interference spectrum to measure gas and magnetic field, and uses demodulation module to realize digital output, so as to attain the goal of displaying on computer. The invention reduces the size of the sensing unit, increases the sensitivity of sensing, reduces the cross influence of different parameters, and realizes the purpose of monitoring gas and magnetic field simultaneously. Meanwhile, the gas and magnetic field monitoring system can be output on a computer, and real-time monitoring of gas and magnetic field is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to an MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor.
Background
Compared with the traditional electronic sensor, the optical fiber sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity and precision, good safety, convenient operation, corrosion resistance, compatibility with a digital communication system and the like. In recent years, the demand for multi-parameter optical fiber sensing has become larger and larger. Therefore, the development of a sensor capable of multi-parameter measurement has become a necessary trend. The double-parameter measuring sensor capable of monitoring the gas and the magnetic field has the following advantages: high sensitivity and precision, good safety, convenient operation, corrosion resistance and compatibility with digital communication systems.
The MXene and the GMM are used for coating the gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor, the sensing unit adopts a conical single mode fiber (TSMF) and FBG to form a composite structure in a cascading way, and the gas sensitive material is coated on the conical single mode fiber (TSMF); single Mode Fibers (SMF) are made by heating a Single Mode Fiber (SMF) by applying tension. The gas sensitive material is wrapped on the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) to ensure that the structure of the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) has relative gas concentration to the environmentIs sensitive to changes in (c). The refractive index of the gas-sensitive material varies with the concentration of the ambient gas; in addition, FBG is stuck on GMM material, magnetostriction is generated by magnetic field change GMM to enable the center wavelength of change of the grating pitch of the FBG to drift so as to realize magnetic field measurement, and at present, MXene material and GMM material are adopted as sensitive materials, or a sensor adopting an FBG cascade structure to perform double-parameter measurement can realize multi-parameter monitoring such as temperature, stress, pressure, vibration and the like. For example: in 2018, yuan W et al (Yuan W, yang K, peng H, et al A flexible VOCs sensor based on a 3D Mxene framework with a high sensing performance[J)]Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2018,6 (37): 18116-18124.) using LiF and hydrochloric acid to etch Ti 3 AlC 2 To prepare Ti 3 C 2 T x And demonstrates a 3D Mxene frame (3D-M) based high performance and flexible VOCs sensor, 3D-M prepared by efficient electrospinning technology and self-assembly method, which can be performed at room temperature, and which shows very high sensitivity to very low concentration VOCs (ppb level) due to the highly interconnected porous structure, which allows easy gas molecules to enter and diffuse; riza M A et al in 2020 (Riza M A, go Y I, harun S W, et al FBG sensors for environmental and biochemical applications-A review [ J ]]IEEE Sensors Journal,2020,20 (14): 7614-7627.) a novel grating sensor of a thin film modified Long Period Fiber Grating (LPFG) and a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) cascade is designed, wherein a humidity sensitive material polyvinyl alcohol is coated on the surface of a long fiber optical fiber (LPFG) to achieve different response sensitivities of the LPFG to humidity, and the sensor mainly utilizes the thermo-optical effect generated by temperature change to influence the effect of the LPFG to realize the study of temperature and humidity sensing characteristics; in 2020, TONG R et al (TONG R, zhao Y, hu H, et al Large measurement range and high sensitivity temperature sensor with FBG cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometer [ J)].Optics&Laser Technology,2020, 125:106034.) designs a fiber temperature sensor capable of detecting a wide range by cascading FBG and MZI, wherein the MZI is formed by adopting a mode of dislocation fusion of a single-mode fiber, a dislocation fusion area is coated with temperature sensitive material Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), the FBG is adopted to judge the temperature, and the MZI is adopted to realize temperature precisionDetermining reading; in 2020, liu Z et al (Liu Z, zhang M, zhang Y, et al Spider silk-based tapered optical fiber for humidity sensing based on multimode interference [ J)]Sensors and Actuators A A novel humidity sensor was developed by Physical,2020, 313:112179) by wrapping Spider Dragline Silk (SDS) on Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF), configuring multimode interference (MMI) structure and obtaining spectra. Single Mode Fibers (SMF) are made by heating a Single Mode Fiber (SMF) by applying tension. SDS is used as a moisture sensitive material and the inclusion of SDS on the TSMF renders the TSMF structure sensitive to changes in ambient Relative Humidity (RH) and changes in the refractive index of SDS with changes in ambient RH, resulting in shifts in the multimode (MMI) interference spectrum.
Disclosure of Invention
At present, researchers adopt FBG or FBG cascade structures to realize measurement of parameters such as temperature, refractive index, stress, magnetism and the like, but the cascade structures are complex in single parameter structure measurement, double parameter measurement cannot be realized at the same time, or multi-parameter measurement structures are complex in realization and the like; the invention provides the MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor which has the advantages of high sensitivity, realization of double-parameter measurement, simple manufacturing method, strong repeatability, low manufacturing cost and high utilization rate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the technical scheme is as follows: the MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor is characterized by comprising a broadband light source (1), a circulator (2), a sensing system (3), a spectrum analyzer (4), a demodulation module (5) and a computer (6);
the sensing system (3) comprises a left magnetic seat (3-5), a right magnetic seat (3-8), a fine tuning knob (3-1), a left right angle frame (3-2), a right angle frame (3-10), a left displacement platform (3-4), a right displacement platform (3-12), a magnet A (3-3), a magnet B (3-9), a gas sensing box (3-7) and a sensing unit (3-6), wherein:
left side displacement platforms (3-4) for fixing left side right angle frames (3-2) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the gas sensing box (3-7), the left side displacement platforms (3-4) are fixed on a left side magnetic base (3-5), a magnet A (3-3) with an N pole magnetic field is fixed on the left side right angle frames (3-2), similarly, a magnet B (3-9) with an S pole magnetic field is fixed on the right side right angle frames (3-10), and in addition, sensing units (3-6) are arranged in the gas sensing box (3-7);
the cone-shaped single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) and the FBG (3-6-3) in the sensing unit (3-6) are cascaded to form an optical fiber composite structure, the cone-shaped single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) is coated with MXene material, and in addition, the FBG (3-6-3) is partially stuck on the GMM material (3-6-4) to jointly form the sensing unit (3-6);
the specific preparation process of the sensing unit (3-6) comprises the manufacture of an optical fiber composite structure and the coating of sensitive materials;
wherein: the manufacturing of the optical fiber composite structure comprises the manufacturing of a conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) and the manufacturing of a cascade structure of the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) and the FBG (3-6-3); firstly, preparing a conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1), namely selecting a single mode fiber with the length of 25cm, heating the Single Mode Fiber (SMF) by applying tension to prepare the conical single mode fiber (TSMF), and wrapping a gas sensitive material (3-6-2) on the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1), so that the structure of the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) is sensitive to the change of the relative gas concentration of the environment; the cone-shaped single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) itself constitutes the Mach-Zehnder interferometer; then, a conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) with a flat end face cut and fused with an FBG (3-6-3) with a grating area length of 20mm and a central wavelength of 1550nm by adopting an optical fiber fusion splicer to form an optical fiber composite structure;
the coating of the sensitive material mainly comprises the coating of a gas sensitive material (3-6-2) and a GMM material (3-6-4), wherein the gas sensitive material (3-6-2) adopts an MXene material; firstly, the MXene material adopts single-layer or less-layer Ti 3 C 2 Wrapping it on a Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1); in addition, the grating area part of the FBG (3-6-3) in the dried composite structure is stuck on the surface of the GMM material (3-6-4) by adopting an epoxy resin material, and the mixture is kept stand for 48 hours;
the MXene material is selected from single-layer or few-layer Ti 3 C 2 T x Single or few layer Ti 3 C 2 T x The specific preparation method of (2) comprises the following steps: using MAXene (Ti 3 AlC 2 ) Selective engravingMethod for etching Al to synthesize MXene (Ti) 3 C 2 T x ). Briefly, 1.2g of LiF was added to 15mL of 9 mol/LHCl. Stirring the etching mixture for 5min, and gradually adding 0.75g Ti into the etching solution over 5min 3 AlC 2 The powder was stirred continuously at 32℃for 24h. The final reaction mixture was washed several times (8000 rpm) with deionized water by centrifugation until the pH of the supernatant reached 6. The black paste (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) From grey solid (unetched Ti 3 AlC 2 ) Is separated out and then vacuum filtered on a porous PTFE membrane to obtain final Ti 3 AlC 2 T x Power, will be 0.2g Ti 3 AlC 2 T x Adding into 200mL deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment for several minutes to obtain layered Ti 3 C 2 T x Centrifuging at 6000rpm for 30min to remove multi-layer agglomerates, collecting dark supernatant, and drying in oven (60deg.C) to obtain single-layer or low-layer Ti 3 AlC 2 T x ；
Further, the MXene and GMM cladding gas and magnetic field measuring optical fiber sensor is characterized in that:
the broadband light source (1) emits light beams to be transmitted to the circulator (2), the circulator (2) outputs the light beams to be transmitted to the sensing unit (3-6) in the sensing system (3), the light beams interfere in the sensing unit (3-6), when the magnetic field in the dual sensing system (3) changes, the GMM material (3-6-4) stretches due to magnetostriction effect, the grid distance of the FBG (3-6-3) stuck on the GMM material (3-6-4) changes, interference light changes, when the gas changes, due to the fact that the gas influences the MXene material to change, the light path length of the light beams transmitted to the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) coated with the MXene material changes, and then Mach-Zehnder interference light generated by the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) changes, the interference light transmits the reflection spectrum to the spectrum analyzer (4) through the circulator (2), and the demodulation module (5) demodulates and transmits the spectrum in the analyzer (4) to the computer (6) for interference data processing.
Further, the light source is a broadband light source (1), and the center wavelength is 1550nm for generating an optical signal.
The MXene and GMM cladding gas and magnetic field measuring optical fiber sensor is characterized in that:
when the sensing system (3) measures gas, the gas sensing box (3-7) is opened, the sensing unit (3-6) is placed in the gas sensing box (3-7) to realize gas measurement, and when the magnetic field is measured, the gas sensing box (3-7) is closed, the sensing unit (3-6) is placed in the gas sensing box (3-7), and the displacement platform (3-4) is operated to change the magnetic field to realize the measurement of the magnetic field.
The structure is as follows: MXene and GMM cover gas and magnetic field measuring optical fiber sensor.
Compared with the existing structure, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes simultaneous measurement of gas and magnetic field, can monitor the environmental gas when monitoring the environmental magnetic field, has simple structure manufacturing method, small volume and extreme environment resistance, and meets the requirements of miniaturized monitoring equipment.
In the invention, the MXene material is used for coating the conical single-mode fiber to form the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to realize gas measurement, compared with the traditional Mach-Zehnder structure, the structure size is reduced, the error caused by the difference of the two arm lengths is reduced, and the measurement sensitivity is increased.
The FBG is stuck with the GMM material to realize magnetic field measurement, and compared with the magnetic fluid material, the structure has strong reusability.
The invention has the advantages of small cross influence of gas and magnetic field, increased measurement precision and enhanced accuracy.
The invention can realize demodulation and output the result to the computer, thus realizing real-time monitoring and measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of an MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement fiber optic sensor.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a sensing unit of an MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement fiber optic sensor.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a sensing system of an MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement fiber optic sensor.
Detailed Description
The following examples will illustrate specific implementations of the MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measuring fiber optic sensor of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, for providing a system structure diagram of an MXene and GMM cladding gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor according to the present invention, a broadband light source (1) emits a light beam to be transmitted to a circulator (2), an output light beam of the circulator (2) is transmitted to a Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) side of a sensing unit (3-6) of a sensing system (3), the light beam is reflected at an FBG (3-6-3) by the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1), the reflected light is output to a spectrum analyzer (4) through the circulator (2), when a gas change occurs in a gas sensing box (3-7) in the sensing system (3), an interference effect of a mach-zehnder interferometer generated by the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) cladding the MXene material is changed, and the gas is measured by monitoring the change of the interference light in the spectrum analyzer (4); when the displacement platform (3-4) is moved, the magnetic field changes, the GMM material (3-6-4) generates magnetostriction, the FBG (3-6-3) stuck on the GMM material (3-6-4) generates grid distance change due to magnetostriction effect, the interference spectrum reflection peak generated by the FBG (3-6-3) drifts, and the magnetic field is monitored by monitoring the drift amount of the spectrum analyzer (4); the data in the spectrum analyzer (4) is output to the demodulation module (5), the cross influence of the gas and the magnetic field is eliminated through the matrix analysis method by the demodulation module (5), the result is output to the computer (6), the measurement data of the gas and the magnetic field are obtained, and the measurement sensitivity of the sensing unit (3-6) is further analyzed.
As shown in FIG. 2, in order to provide a structure diagram of a sensing unit of an MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor, a cone-shaped single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) in a sensing unit (3-6) is coated with an MXene material and an FBG (3-6-3) on the surface, the FBG (3-6-3) is partially stuck on the GMM material (3-6-4) after cascading, and the sensing unit (3-6) is fully fixed after standing for 48 hours; the cone-shaped single mode fiber (3-6-1) coated with the MXene material forms a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to monitor the change of gas; an FBG (3-6-3) attached to the GMM material (3-6-4) monitors the change in magnetic field; the detection principle is as follows: when the gas changes, the MXene material changes, and when the light beam is transmitted to the conical single-mode fiber (3-6-1), the change of the MXene material influences the transmission optical path of one Mach-Zehnder interference arm, so that the interference spectrum changes, and the measurement of the gas is realized by monitoring the change of the interference spectrum; when the magnetic field changes, the GMM material (3-6-4) stretches, the grid distance of the FBG (3-6-3) is stretched, one reflection peak generated by the FBG (3-6-3) drifts, and the magnetic field is measured by monitoring the drift of the reflection peak.
As shown in FIG. 3, in order to provide a sensing system structure diagram of an MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor, a left side displacement platform (3-4) and a right side displacement platform (3-11) are respectively fixed on a left side magnetic seat (3-5) and a right side magnetic seat (3-8), wherein the left side magnetic seat (3-5) and the right side magnetic seat (3-8) can be separated by a distance capable of lowering a gas sensing box (3-7), a left side right angle frame (3-2) and a right side right angle frame (3-10) are respectively fixed on the left side displacement platform (3-4) and the right side magnetic seat (3-8), a magnet A (3-3) with an N pole magnetic field and a magnet B (3-9) with an S pole magnetic field are respectively fixed on the right side right angle frame (3-10), the size of the magnetic field is adjusted by rotating the left side displacement platform (3-4), the magnetic field is changed, and a sensing unit (3-6) is placed in a magnetic field environment to realize magnetic field measurement; the gas sensor box (3-7) is arranged between the left side displacement platform (3-4) and the right side displacement platform (3-11), the sensor unit (3-6) is arranged in the gas sensor box (3-7), and when the gas sensor box (3-7) is opened, the gas change is monitored, wherein the height of the gas sensor box (3-7) is consistent with the height of the displacement platform.
Claims (3)
- An mxene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement fiber sensor characterized by: the device comprises a broadband light source (1), a circulator (2), a sensing system (3), a spectrum analyzer (4), a demodulation module (5) and a computer (6);the sensing system (3) comprises a left magnetic seat (3-5), a right magnetic seat (3-8), a left fine tuning knob (3-1), a right fine tuning knob (3-12), a left right angle frame (3-2), a right angle frame (3-10), a left displacement platform (3-4), a right displacement platform (3-11), a magnet A (3-3), a magnet B (3-9), a gas sensing box (3-7) and a sensing unit (3-6), wherein:left side displacement platforms (3-4) for fixing left side right angle frames (3-2) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the gas sensing box (3-7), the left side displacement platforms (3-4) are fixed on a left side magnetic base (3-5), a magnet A (3-3) with an N pole magnetic field is fixed on the left side right angle frames (3-2), similarly, a magnet B (3-9) with an S pole magnetic field is fixed on the right side right angle frames (3-10), and in addition, sensing units (3-6) are arranged in the gas sensing box (3-7);the cone-shaped single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) and the FBG (3-6-3) in the sensing unit (3-6) are cascaded to form a composite structure, the cone-shaped single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) is wrapped by the gas sensitive material (3-6-2), and in addition, the FBG (3-6-3) is partially stuck on the GMM material (3-6-4) to jointly form the sensing unit (3-6);the specific preparation process of the sensing unit (3-6) comprises the manufacture of an optical fiber composite structure and the coating of sensitive materials;wherein: the manufacturing of the optical fiber composite structure comprises the manufacturing of a conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) and the manufacturing of a cascade structure of the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) and the FBG (3-6-4); firstly, preparing a conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1), namely selecting a single mode fiber with the length of 25cm, preparing the Single Mode Fiber (SMF) by applying tension to heat the single mode fiber, and wrapping a gas sensitive material (3-6-2) on SDS on the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) to enable the structure of the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) to be sensitive to the change of relative gas of the environment; the cone-shaped single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) itself constitutes the Mach-Zehnder interferometer; then, a conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) with a flat end face cut and fused with an FBG (3-6-3) with a grating area length of 20mm and a central wavelength of 1550nm by adopting an optical fiber fusion splicer to form an optical fiber composite structure;the coating of the sensitive material mainly comprises the coating of a gas sensitive material (3-6-2) and a GMM material (3-6-4), wherein the gas sensitive material (3-6-2) adopts an MXene material; firstly, the MXene material adopts single-layer or less-layer Ti 3 C 2 Wrapping it on a Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1); in addition, the grating area part of the FBG (3-6-3) in the dried composite structure is stuck on the surface of the GMM material (3-6-4) by adopting an epoxy resin material, and the mixture is kept stand for 48 hours;the MXene material is selected from single-layer or few-layer Ti 3 C 2 T x Single or few layer Ti 3 C 2 T x The specific preparation method of (2) comprises the following steps: adopts Ti 3 AlC 2 Method for synthesizing Ti by selectively etching Al through MAXene 3 C 2 T x MXene,1.2g LiF was added to 15mL of 9mol/L hydrochloric acid, the etching mixture was stirred for 5min, and 0.75g Ti was gradually added to the etching solution over 5min 3 AlC 2 The powder was continuously stirred at 32℃for 24h and the final reaction mixture was washed with deionized water at 8000rpm centrifugally for several times until the pH of the supernatant reached neutrality, and then Ti was slurried in black 3 C 2 T x Unetched grey solid Ti 3 AlC 2 Is separated out and then vacuum filtered on a porous PTFE membrane to obtain final Ti 3 C 2 T x 0.2g of Ti 3 C 2 T x Adding into 200mL deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment for several minutes to obtain layered Ti 3 C 2 T x Centrifuging at 6000rpm for 35min to remove multi-layer agglomerates, collecting dark supernatant, and drying in oven at 60deg.C to obtain single-layer or low-layer Ti 3 C 2 T x ；The MXene and GMM cladding gas and magnetic field measuring optical fiber sensor is characterized in that:the broadband light source (1) emits light beams to be transmitted to the circulator (2), the circulator (2) outputs the light beams to be transmitted to the sensing unit (3-6) in the sensing system (3), the light beams interfere in the sensing unit (3-6), when the magnetic field in the sensing system (3) changes, the GMM material (3-6-4) stretches due to magnetostriction effect, the grid distance of the FBG (3-6-3) stuck on the GMM material (3-6-4) changes, interference light changes, when the gas changes, due to the fact that the gas influences the MXene material to change, the light path of the light beams transmitted to the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) wrapping the MXene material changes, and then Mach-Zehnder interference light generated by the conical single mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) changes, the interference light transmits the reflection spectrum to the spectrum analyzer (4) through the circulator (2), the demodulation module (5) demodulates the spectrum in the analyzer (4) and transmits the spectrum to the computer (6) for data processing.
- 2. The MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement fiber optic sensor of claim 1, wherein:the light source is a broadband light source (1), and the central wavelength is 1550nm for generating an optical signal.
- 3. The MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement fiber optic sensor of claim 1, wherein:when the sensing system (3) measures gas, the gas sensing box (3-7) is opened, the sensing unit (3-6) is placed in the gas sensing box (3-7) to realize gas measurement, and when the magnetic field is measured, the gas sensing box (3-7) is closed, the sensing unit (3-6) is placed in the gas sensing box (3-7), and the left side displacement platform (3-4) is operated to change the magnetic field to realize magnetic field measurement.
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