CN114136924A - MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor - Google Patents
MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor Download PDFInfo
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- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
- G01N2021/458—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods using interferential sensor, e.g. sensor fibre, possibly on optical waveguide
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Abstract
The invention provides an optical fiber sensing device for monitoring MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement and an implementation method thereof. The invention carries out sensing through optical fibers, utilizes the ray tracing principle to enable light emitted by a broadband light source to generate an interference spectrum in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, measures gas and a magnetic field through detecting the interference spectrum, and realizes digital output through a demodulation module, thereby achieving the purpose of displaying on a computer. The invention reduces the size of the sensing unit, increases the sensitivity of sensing, reduces the cross influence of different parameters and realizes the purpose of simultaneously monitoring gas and magnetic field. Meanwhile, the magnetic field can be output on a computer, so that the real-time monitoring of the gas and the magnetic field is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to an MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor.
Background
Compared with the traditional electronic sensor, the optical fiber sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity and precision, good safety, convenient operation, corrosion resistance, compatibility with a digital communication system and the like. In recent years, multi-parameter fiber sensing has become more and more demanding. Therefore, the development of multi-parameter measurement-capable sensors is becoming a necessary trend. The double-parameter measuring sensor based on MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement has the following advantages: high sensitivity and precision, good safety, convenient operation, corrosion resistance and compatibility with a digital communication system.
The MXene and GMM cladding gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor is characterized in that a sensing unit adopts a Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) and an FBG to form a composite structure in a cascade mode, wherein a gas sensitive material is wrapped on the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF); the Single Mode Fiber (SMF) is made by heating a Single Mode Fiber (SMF) by applying tension. The gas sensitive material is wrapped on the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF), so that the structure of the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) is sensitive to changes of relative gas concentration of the environment. The refractive index of the gas-sensitive material changes along with the change of the concentration of the environmental gas; in addition, the FBG is adhered to the GMM material, the magnetic field changes, the GMM generates magnetostriction, the FBG grid distance changes, the central wavelength shifts, and magnetic field measurement is achieved, currently, the MXene material and the GMM material are used as sensitive materials, or a sensor for double-parameter measurement by adopting an FBG cascade structure can achieve multi-parameter monitoring of temperature, stress, pressure, vibration and the like. For example: 2018, Yuan W et al (Yuan W, Yang K, Peng H, et al. A flexible VOCs sensor based on a 3D Mxene frame with a high sensing performance [ J)]Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2018,6(37): 18116-18124) using LiF and hydrochloric acid to etch Ti3AlC2To prepare Ti3C2TxAnd demonstrate a high performance and flexible VOCs sensor based on 3D Mxene frame (3D-M), through effective electrostatic spinning technology and self-assembly method to prepare 3D-M, the sensor 3D-M can go on at room temperature, because of highly interconnected porous structure, make the gas molecule enter and diffuse easily, therefore demonstrate very high sensitivity to VOCs (ppb level) of the extremely low concentration; riza M A et al (Riza M A, Go Y I, Harun S W, et al FBG sensors for environmental and biological applications-A review [ J ] 2020]IEEE Sensors Journal,2020,20(14): 7614-7627) designs a new grating sensor of thin film modified Long Period Fiber Grating (LPFG) and Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) cascade, in which the surface of the long fiber (LPFG) is coated with a moisture sensitive material, polyvinyl alcohol, to achieve LPFG vs. moistureThe sensor mainly utilizes the thermo-optic effect generated by temperature change to influence the LPFG effect so as to realize the study on the temperature and humidity sensing characteristics; in 2020, Tong R et al (Tong R, ZHao Y, Hu H, et al. Large measurement range and high sensitivity temperature sensor with FBG shielded Mach-Zehnder interferometer [ J].Optics&Laser Technology,2020,125:106034.) FBG and MZI are cascaded to design a wide-range detectable optical fiber temperature sensor, wherein MZI is formed by adopting a single-mode optical fiber dislocation fusion welding mode, a temperature-sensitive material Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is coated in a dislocation fusion welding area, the temperature is judged by adopting the FBG, and the accurate reading of the temperature is realized by adopting the MZI; in 2020, Liu Z et al (Liu Z, Zhang M, Zhang Y, et al Spider silk-based threaded for human identification presenting based on multimode interference [ J]Sensors and Actuators A: Physical,2020,313: 112179) developed a new humidity sensor that wrapped Spider Dragline Silk (SDS) on Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF), configured with a multimode interference (MMI) structure and acquired spectra. The Single Mode Fiber (SMF) is made by heating a Single Mode Fiber (SMF) by applying tension. SDS is taken as a humidity sensitive material, the SDS coated on the TSMF makes the TSMF structure sensitive to the change of environmental Relative Humidity (RH), and the refractive index of the SDS is changed along with the change of the environmental RH, so that the multimode (MMI) interference spectrum is shifted.
Disclosure of Invention
At present, researchers have realized the measurement of parameters such as temperature, refractive index, stress, magnetism and the like by adopting an FBG or an FBG cascade structure, but the reasons that the cascade structure is complex in measuring a single parameter structure, and cannot realize double-parameter measurement or the multi-parameter measurement structure is complex in realizing and the like exist; the invention provides the MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor which has the advantages of high sensitivity, capability of realizing double-parameter measurement, simple manufacturing method, strong repeatability, low manufacturing cost and high utilization rate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the technical scheme is as follows: the MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor is characterized by comprising a broadband light source (1), a circulator (2), a sensing system (3), a spectrum analyzer (4), a demodulation module (5) and a computer (6);
sensing system (3) include left side magnetic force seat (3-5), right side magnetic force seat (3-8), fine setting knob (3-1), left side right-angle frame (3-2), right side right-angle frame (3-10), left side displacement platform (3-4), right side displacement platform (3-12), magnet A (3-3), magnet B (3-9), gaseous sensing case (3-7), sensing unit (3-6), wherein:
the left side displacement platform (3-4) of the left side right-angle frame (3-2) is respectively arranged and fixed on the left side and the right side of the gas sensing box (3-7), the left side displacement platform (3-4) is fixed on the left side magnetic base (3-5), the magnet A (3-3) with the N-pole magnetic field is fixed on the left side right-angle frame (3-2), similarly, the magnet B (3-9) with the S-pole magnetic field is fixed on the right side right-angle frame (3-10), and in addition, the sensing unit (3-6) is arranged in the gas sensing box (3-7);
the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) and the FBG (3-6-3) in the sensing unit (3-6) are cascaded to form a fiber composite structure, the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) is coated with MXene materials, and in addition, part of the FBG (3-6-3) is adhered to the GMM material (3-6-4) to jointly form the sensing unit (3-6);
the specific preparation process of the sensing units (3-6) comprises the steps of manufacturing an optical fiber composite structure and coating a sensitive material;
wherein: the manufacturing of the optical fiber composite structure comprises the manufacturing of a Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) and the manufacturing of a FBG (3-6-3) cascade structure of the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1); firstly, preparing a tapered single-mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1), selecting a 25 cm-long single-mode fiber, heating the single-mode fiber (SMF) by applying tension to prepare the fiber, and wrapping a gas-sensitive material (3-6-2) on the tapered single-mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) to ensure that the structure of the tapered single-mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) is sensitive to the change of relative gas concentration of the environment; the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) forms a Mach-Zehnder interferometer by itself; then, welding a Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) with the end surface cut to be smooth with an FBG (3-6-3) with the grating area length of 20mm and the central wavelength of 1550nm by using an optical fiber fusion splicer to form an optical fiber composite structure;
coated primary bag for sensitive materialsThe gas sensor comprises a gas sensitive material (3-6-2) and a GMM material (3-6-4) which are coated, wherein the gas sensitive material (3-6-2) is MXene material; firstly, MXene material selects single-layer or few-layer Ti3C2Wrapping it on a Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1); in addition, adhering the FBG (3-6-3) grid region part in the dried composite structure to the surface of the GMM material (3-6-4) by adopting an epoxy resin material, and standing for 48 hours;
the MXene material is selected from single-layer or few-layer Ti3C2TxSingle or few layers of Ti3C2TxThe specific preparation method comprises the following steps: using MAXene (Ti)3AlC2) Method for synthesizing MXene (Ti) by selectively etching Al3C2Tx). Briefly, 1.2g of LiF was added to 15mL of 9 mol/LHCl. Stirring the etching mixture for 5min, and gradually adding 0.75g Ti into the etching solution for more than 5min3AlC2The powder was stirred continuously at 32 ℃ for 24 h. The final reaction mixture was washed several times (8000rpm) with deionized water by centrifugation until the supernatant reached a pH of 6. Then black slurry (Ti)3C2Tx) From grey solids (unetched Ti)3AlC2) Then vacuum filtering on a porous PTFE membrane to obtain the final Ti3AlC2TxPower, 0.2gTi3AlC2TxAdding into 200mL deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment for several minutes to obtain layered Ti3C2TxCentrifuging at 6000rpm for 30min to remove multiple layers of aggregates, storing the obtained dark supernatant, and drying in oven (60 deg.C) to obtain single-layer or few-layer Ti3AlC2Tx；
Further, the MXene and GMM cladding gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor is characterized in that:
the broadband light source (1) emits light beams which are transmitted to the circulator (2), the output light beams of the circulator (2) are transmitted to the sensing unit (3-6) in the sensing system (3), the light beams generate interference in the sensing unit (3-6), when the magnetic field in the double sensing system (3) changes, the GMM material (3-6-4) stretches due to the magnetostrictive effect, the grating distance of the FBG (3-6-3) adhered to the GMM material (3-6-4) changes, interference light changes, when the MXene material changes due to the influence of gas, the optical path of the part of the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) which is used for coating the MXene material, which is transmitted to the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) which is used for coating the MXene material, changes, and further the interference light of Mach-Zehnder interference generated by the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) changes, the interference light transmits the reflection spectrum to the spectrum analyzer (4) through the circulator (2) to display the interference spectrum, and the demodulation module (5) demodulates the interference spectrum in the spectrum analyzer (4) and transmits the demodulation spectrum to the computer (6) for data processing.
Further, the light source is a broadband light source (1) with a center wavelength of 1550nm for generating the optical signal.
The MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor is characterized in that:
when the sensing system (3) measures gas, the gas sensing box (3-7) is opened, the sensing unit (3-6) is placed in the gas sensing box (3-7) to realize gas measurement, when a magnetic field is measured, the gas sensing box (3-7) is closed, the sensing unit (3-6) is placed in the gas sensing box (3-7), and the displacement platform (3-4) is operated to change the magnetic field to realize measurement of the magnetic field.
The invention has the structure that: MXene and GMM cladding gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor.
Compared with the prior structure, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the simultaneous measurement of gas and magnetic field, can monitor the environmental gas when monitoring the environmental magnetic field, has simple structure manufacturing method, small volume and extreme environment resistance, and meets the requirement of miniaturized monitoring equipment.
According to the invention, the MXene material is adopted to coat the tapered single-mode fiber to form the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to realize gas measurement, compared with the traditional Mach-Zehnder structure, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer has the advantages that the structure size is reduced, errors caused by different lengths of two arms are reduced, and the measurement sensitivity is increased.
The FBG is pasted with the GMM material to realize magnetic field measurement, and compared with the coating of a magnetofluid material, the structure has strong reusability.
The invention has the advantages of less cross influence of gas and magnetic field, increased measurement precision and enhanced accuracy.
The invention can realize demodulation and output the result to the computer, and realize real-time monitoring and measurement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system structure diagram of the MXene and GMM clad gas and magnetic field measurement fiber sensor.
Fig. 2 is a structure diagram of a sensing unit of the MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor.
Fig. 3 is a structure diagram of a sensing system of the MXene and GMM clad gas and magnetic field measurement fiber sensor.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments will explain the specific implementation of the MXene and GMM sheath gas and magnetic field measurement fiber sensor proposed by the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, for the system structure diagram of the MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor provided by the invention, a broadband light source (1) emits a light beam to be transmitted to a circulator (2), the output light beam of the circulator (2) is transmitted to the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) side of a sensing unit (3-6) of the sensing system (3), the light beam is reflected at the FBG (3-6-3) through the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1), the reflected light is output to a spectrum analyzer (4) through the circulator (2), when the gas sensing box (3-7) in the sensing system (3) is subjected to gas change, the MXene material is changed, the interference effect of the Mach interferometer generated by the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) coated with the MXene material is changed, measuring the gas by monitoring the change of the interference light in the spectrum analyzer (4); when the displacement platform (3-4) is moved, the magnetic field changes, the GMM material (3-6-4) generates magnetostriction, the FBG (3-6-3) stuck on the GMM material (3-6-4) generates change of grid distance due to the magnetostriction effect, an interference spectrum reflection peak generated by the FBG (3-6-3) drifts, and the monitoring of the magnetic field is realized by monitoring the drift amount of the spectrum analyzer (4); the data in the spectrum analyzer (4) is output to a demodulation module (5), the demodulation module (5) eliminates the cross influence of the gas and the magnetic field by a matrix analysis method, the result is output to a computer (6), the measurement data of the gas and the magnetic field is obtained, and the measurement sensitivity of the sensing units (3-6) is further analyzed.
As shown in fig. 2, for the structure diagram of the sensing unit of the optical fiber sensor for measuring the gas and magnetic field coated by the MXene and the GMM, the sensing unit (3-6) is formed by fully fixing the structure after the FBG (3-6-3) is partially adhered to the GMM material (3-6-4) and stands for 48 hours after the MXene material and the FBG (3-6-3) are cascaded in the sensing unit (3-6) after the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) surface is coated with the MXene material; the tapered single-mode fiber (3-6-1) coated with the MXene material forms a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the change of gas is monitored; the FBG (3-6-3) adhered with the GMM material (3-6-4) monitors the change of the magnetic field; the detection principle is as follows: when the gas changes, the MXene material changes, and when the light beam is transmitted to the tapered single-mode fiber (3-6-1), the MXene material changes, so that the transmission optical path of one interference arm of the Mach-Zehnder is influenced, the interference spectrum changes, and the gas measurement is realized by monitoring the change of the interference spectrum; and when the magnetic field is changed, the GMM material (3-6-4) generates an elongation phenomenon, the grating pitch of the FBG (3-6-3) is stretched, a reflection peak generated by the FBG (3-6-3) drifts, and the magnetic field is measured by monitoring the drift of the reflection peak.
As shown in figure 3, a structure diagram of a sensing system of an MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor is provided, a left displacement platform (3-4) and a right displacement platform (3-11) are respectively fixed on a left magnetic base (3-5) and a right magnetic base (3-8), wherein the left magnetic base (3-5) and the right magnetic base (3-8) are separated by a distance capable of putting down a gas sensing box (3-7), a left right-angle frame (3-2) and a right-angle frame (3-10) are respectively fixed on the left displacement platform (3-4) and the right magnetic base (3-8) and are respectively fixed with a magnet A (3-3) with an N-pole magnetic field and a magnet B (3-9) with an S-pole magnetic field, and the size of the magnetic field is adjusted by rotating the left displacement platform (3-4), generating the change of a magnetic field, and putting the sensing units (3-6) in a magnetic field environment to realize magnetic field measurement; a gas sensing box (3-7) is placed between a left displacement platform (3-4) and a right displacement platform (3-11), a sensing unit (3-6) is placed in the gas sensing box (3-7), and when the gas sensing box (3-7) is opened, gas change is monitored, wherein the height of the gas sensing box (3-7) is consistent with that of the displacement platform.
Claims (3)
- MXene and GMM cladding gas and magnetic field measurement fiber sensor, characterized by: the device comprises a broadband light source (1), a circulator (2), a sensing system (3), a spectrum analyzer (4), a demodulation module (5) and a computer (6);sensing system (3) include left side magnetic force seat (3-5), right side magnetic force seat (3-8), left side fine setting knob (3-1), right side fine setting knob (3-12), left side right angle frame (3-2), right side right angle frame (3-10), left side displacement platform (3-4), right side displacement platform (3-11), magnet A (3-3), magnet B (3-9), gaseous sensing case (3-7), sensing unit (3-6), wherein:displacement platforms (3-4) for fixing the left right-angle stand (3-2) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the gas sensing box (3-7), the left displacement platform (3-4) is fixed on the magnetic base (3-5), a magnet A (3-3) with an N-pole magnetic field is fixed on the left right-angle stand (3-2), similarly, a magnet B (3-9) with an S-pole magnetic field is fixed on the right-angle stand (3-10), and in addition, a sensing unit (3-6) is arranged in the gas sensing box (3-7);the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) and the FBG (3-6-3) in the sensing unit (3-6) are cascaded to form a composite structure, the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) is wrapped with a gas sensitive material (3-6-2), and in addition, part of the FBG (3-6-3) is adhered to the GMM material (3-6-4) to jointly form the sensing unit (3-6);the specific preparation process of the sensing units (3-6) comprises the steps of manufacturing an optical fiber composite structure and coating a sensitive material;wherein: the manufacturing of the optical fiber composite structure comprises the manufacturing of a Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) and the manufacturing of a FBG (3-6-4) cascade structure of the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1); firstly, preparing a tapered single-mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1), selecting a 25 cm-long single-mode fiber, heating the single-mode fiber (SMF) by applying tension to prepare the single-mode fiber, and wrapping a gas-sensitive material (3-6-2) on the SDS of the tapered single-mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) to enable the structure of the tapered single-mode fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) to be sensitive to the change of relative gas of the environment; the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) forms a Mach-Zehnder interferometer by itself; then, welding a Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) with the end surface cut to be smooth with an FBG (3-6-3) with the grating area length of 20mm and the central wavelength of 1550nm by using an optical fiber fusion splicer to form an optical fiber composite structure;the coating of the sensitive material mainly comprises the coating of a gas sensitive material (3-6-2) and a GMM material (3-6-4), wherein the gas sensitive material (3-6-2) adopts an MXene material; firstly, MXene material selects single-layer or few-layer Ti3C2Wrapping it on a Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1); in addition, adhering the FBG (3-6-3) grid region part in the dried composite structure to the surface of the GMM material (3-6-4) by adopting an epoxy resin material, and standing for 48 hours;the MXene material is selected from single-layer or few-layer Ti3C2TxSingle or few layers of Ti3C2TxThe specific preparation method comprises the following steps: using MAXene (Ti)3AlC2) Method for synthesizing MXene (Ti) by selectively etching Al3C2Tx), briefly, 1.2g LiF was added to 15mL of 9mol/L hydrochloric acid, the etching mixture was stirred for 5min, and 0.75g Ti was gradually added to the etching solution over 5min3AlC2The powder, continuously stirred at 32 ℃ for 24h, the final reaction mixture was washed several times with deionized water by centrifugation (8000rpm) until the pH of the supernatant was neutral, and then a black slurry (Ti) was added3C2Tx) From a grey solid (unetched Ti)3AlC2) Then vacuum filtering on a porous PTFE membrane to obtain the final Ti3C2TxPower, 0.2gTi3C2TxAdding into 200mL deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment for several minutes to obtain layered Ti3C2TxCentrifuging at 6000rpm for 35min to remove multi-layer aggregates, collecting dark supernatant, and drying in oven (60 deg.C) to obtain single-layer or few-layer Ti3C2Tx；The MXene and GMM coated gas and magnetic field measurement optical fiber sensor is further characterized in that:the broadband light source (1) emits light beams which are transmitted to the circulator (2), the circulator (2) outputs the light beams which are transmitted to a sensing unit (3-6) in a sensing system (3), the light beams generate interference in the sensing unit (3-6), when a magnetic field in the sensing system (3) changes, the GMM material (3-6-4) stretches due to a magnetostrictive effect, the grating distance of an FBG (3-6-3) adhered to the GMM material (3-6-4) changes, interference light changes, when the MXene material changes due to the influence of gas, the optical path of the part, wrapped by the MXene material, of a Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) wrapping the MXene material changes, and further the interference light of Mach-Zehnder interference generated by the Tapered Single Mode Fiber (TSMF) (3-6-1) changes, the interference light transmits the reflection spectrum to the spectrum analyzer (4) through the circulator (2) to display the interference spectrum, and the demodulation module (5) demodulates the interference spectrum in the spectrum analyzer (4) and transmits the demodulation spectrum to the computer (6) for data processing.
- 2. The MXene and GMM cladding gas and magnetic field measuring fiber optic sensor of claim 1, wherein:the light source is a broadband light source (1) with a center wavelength of 1550nm for generating optical signals.
- 3. The MXene and GMM cladding gas and magnetic field measuring fiber optic sensor of claim 1, wherein:when the sensing system (3) measures gas, the gas sensing box (3-7) is opened, the sensing unit (3-6) is placed in the gas sensing box (3-7) to realize gas measurement, when a magnetic field is measured, the gas sensing box (3-7) is closed, the sensing unit (3-6) is placed in the gas sensing box (3-7), and the displacement platform (3-4) is operated to change the magnetic field to realize measurement of the magnetic field.
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