CN114128652B - Black spot medaka embryo hatching device and method - Google Patents
Black spot medaka embryo hatching device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114128652B CN114128652B CN202111462740.3A CN202111462740A CN114128652B CN 114128652 B CN114128652 B CN 114128652B CN 202111462740 A CN202111462740 A CN 202111462740A CN 114128652 B CN114128652 B CN 114128652B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a medaka embryo hatching device, which comprises a culture tank, wherein a plurality of simulated aquatic weeds are arranged in the culture tank, the simulated aquatic weeds are made of light elastic materials, a heavy object is fixed at the bottom ends of the simulated aquatic weeds, the heavy object is placed at the bottom of the culture tank, the culture tank is filled with water, and stem leaves of the simulated aquatic weeds are in a suspended state in the water. The stem and leaf of the simulated aquatic weed are connected with a culture chamber, the culture chamber can be a sphere or cube and other regular three-dimensional structures, a cavity is formed in the culture chamber, a plurality of gaps are formed in the outer wall of the culture chamber, seawater enters the cavity from the gaps, the culture chamber is made of a light elastic material, a culture tank is filled with water, and the culture chamber is in a suspension state in the seawater. According to the method, the simulated aquatic weed and the oxygen pump are used for simulating the marine ecological environment, the hatching environment in the suspension water is built for the hatching of the medaka embryos, and the oxygen pump is used for supplying oxygen and assisting in simulating the suspension of the aquatic weed to provide power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish culture, and relates to a method for hatching a medaka embryo and a hatching device used by the hatching method.
Background
The medaka is a bony fish model organism which is increasingly widely applied to the research on marine ecotoxicology in the world in recent years. The novel sea water culture device is characterized by small size, life in sea water for the whole life and easy feeding in a laboratory; the generation cycle is short; the spawning rule is regular, and the embryo is transparent; the males and females are easily distinguished by morphology; the growth rate of individuals in the same batch is consistent, and the like.
The method for hatching the medaka embryos in the black spot used in laboratories at present is set according to the life habits of the medaka embryos in the black spot, and has the defects that the hatching rate is not fixed due to a plurality of influence factors, the hatching rate is random, the number of the medaka fries in the black spot cannot be guaranteed, and the subsequent test progress is seriously influenced. So the hatching rate is stabilized and improved, which is a problem to be solved in the current laboratory.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a medaka embryo hatching device which can stabilize and improve the medaka embryo hatching rate.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method for hatching a medaka embryo, which also stabilizes and improves the rate of hatching the medaka embryo.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a medaka embryo hatching device comprises:
the culture tank is provided with a water outlet pipe connected with a water pump and used for replacing seawater;
the simulated aquatic weeds are arranged in the culture tank, the simulated aquatic weeds are made of light elastic materials, weights are fixed at the bottom ends of the simulated aquatic weeds, the weights are placed at the bottom of the culture tank, and stems and leaves of the simulated aquatic weeds are in a suspension state in water;
the culture chamber is internally provided with a cavity, the outer wall of the culture chamber is provided with a plurality of gaps for communicating the culture cylinder with the culture chamber, the culture chamber is connected with stem leaves of simulated aquatic weeds, a light elastic material is selected for manufacturing the culture chamber, and the culture chamber is in a suspension state in seawater.
According to another technical scheme adopted by the invention, the method for hatching the embryo of the medaka in black spots comprises the following steps:
and 4, transferring the newly hatched larva after membrane emergence, and feeding the larva in seawater with the salinity of 30 per mill and the temperature of 28 +/-2 ℃, wherein the light-dark cycle ratio is 14:10 And h, feeding the newly hatched brine shrimps twice every day.
The invention is also characterized in that:
the device also comprises an aerobic air pump, the oxygen pump is connected with a conduit, the conduit extends into the culture tank, the conduit is placed beside a heavy object, the conduit is provided with air holes, the air holes discharge air bubbles, the air bubbles rise upwards to generate ascending water flow, and the ascending water flow surrounds the simulated aquatic weeds, so that the simulated aquatic weeds do not sink due to the gravity of the culture chamber and keep a suspension state.
Also comprises an embryo separating mechanism which is arranged above the culture tank.
Embryo separating mechanism is including the separating chamber, and the suction pump is connected to the separating chamber bottom, and the conveyer pipe is connected to the suction pump exit end, and the conveyer pipe will carry the culture room through single embryo of separation processing, and the separating chamber transversely is provided with the spacer plate, and the spacer plate is two-layer about being divided into the separating chamber, has seted up a plurality of separation holes on the spacer plate.
The diameter of the separation hole is smaller than that of the medaka embryo.
The lower layer of the separation chamber is longitudinally provided with a separation block, the side wall of the separation block is fixedly connected with the inside of the separation chamber, two ends of the separation block leave spaces with the separation plate and the separation chamber, and the separation block is transversely provided with a plurality of separation pipes.
The separating tube is a tube body formed by connecting a plurality of round balls in series, the tube body longitudinally extends along the separating block, the diameter of each round ball is larger than that of a medaka embryo, and the diameter of an interface between every two adjacent round balls is smaller than that of the medaka embryo.
The inner wall of the separation tube is provided with a barb, the size of the barb is the same as the size of villus on the surface of the medaka embryo at black spots, and the direction of the barb is opposite to the water flow direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the simulated aquatic weed and the oxygen pump are utilized to simulate the marine ecological environment, the hatching environment in the suspension water is built for the hatching of the medaka embryos, the oxygen pump has the function of supplying oxygen on one hand, and on the other hand, the oxygen pump assists in simulating the suspension of the aquatic weed to provide power, the whole hatching device is simple in structure, and the energy consumption is reduced.
2. According to the device, negative pressure water flow is used as a power source, and the sticky black oryzias latipes embryos are separated one by one according to the principle that the oryzias latipes embryos are separated due to different resistance in the advancing process, so that the device is time-saving and labor-saving, and replaces the complicated operation of manually screening the oryzias latipes one by one under a microscope by laboratory manpower.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the embryo separation mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion A of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion B of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a culture tank, 2 is a simulated aquatic weed, 3 is a culture chamber, 4 is an oxygen pump, 5 is a weight, 6 is an embryo separating mechanism, 7 is a conduit, 6-1 is a separating chamber, 6-2 is a separating plate, 6-3 is a conveying pipe, 6-4 is a separating block, and 6-5 is a separating pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The device for hatching the medaka embryos in black spots comprises a culture cylinder 1, wherein the culture cylinder 1 is provided with a water outlet pipe, the water outlet pipe is connected with a water pump and used for replacing seawater, and the culture cylinder 1 can be further provided with a constant-temperature heating rod for controlling the hatching temperature, as shown in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4. A plurality of simulated aquatic weeds 2 are arranged in the culture tank 1, the simulated aquatic weeds 2 are made of light elastic materials, a weight 5 is fixed at the bottom end of each simulated aquatic weed 2, the weight 5 is placed at the bottom of the culture tank 1, the culture tank 1 is filled with water, and stem leaves of the simulated aquatic weeds 2 are in a suspension state in the water.
Connect culture room 3 on the stem leaf of simulation pasture and water 2, adopt pull ring or couple class detachable connection structure, culture room 3 can be the regular spatial structure such as spheroid or square, and its inside is the cavity, and 3 outer walls in culture room open and have a plurality of spaces, and the sea water gets into the cavity from the space, and culture room 3 chooses for use light elastic material to make, and culture tank 1 fills with water, and culture room 3 is in the suspended state in the sea water.
The black point medaka embryo hatching device further comprises an oxygen pump 4, the oxygen pump 4 is connected with a guide pipe 7, the guide pipe 7 extends into the culture tank 1, the guide pipe 7 is placed beside the heavy object 5, air holes are formed in the guide pipe 7 and exhaust air bubbles, the air bubbles rise upwards to generate rising water flow, the rising water flow surrounds the simulated aquatic weeds 2, the simulated aquatic weeds 2 hang on the plurality of culture chambers 3, the simulated aquatic weeds 2 sink under the action of gravity, the rising water flow pushes the simulated aquatic weeds 2 upwards, and the simulated aquatic weeds 2 keep in a suspended state under the action of stress.
The simulated aquatic weed 2 also comprises an embryo separating mechanism 6, the embryo separating mechanism 6 is arranged above the culture cylinder 1, the main function of the mechanism is to separate the adhered medaka embryos into one single medaka, and a proper number of medaka embryos are placed in the same culture chamber 3 for hatching.
The embryo separating mechanism 6 comprises a separating chamber 6-1, a water pump is connected to the bottom of the separating chamber 6-1, the outlet end of the water pump is connected with a conveying pipe 6-3, the conveying pipe 6-3 extends into the culture chamber 3, the conveying pipe 6-3 conveys a single separated embryo to the culture chamber 3, a separating plate 6-2 is transversely arranged in the separating chamber 6-1, the separating chamber 6-1 is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by the separating plate 6-2, a plurality of separating holes are formed in the separating plate 6-2, the diameter of each separating hole is smaller than that of a black medaka embryo, a separating block 6-4 is longitudinally arranged in the lower layer of the separating chamber 6-1, the side wall of the separating block 6-4 is fixedly connected with the inside of the separating chamber 6-1, spaces are reserved between the two ends of the separating block 6-4 and the separating plate 6-2 and the separating chamber 6-1, a plurality of separating pipes 6-5 are transversely arranged in the separating block 6-4, the separating pipes 6-5 are pipe bodies formed by connecting a plurality of round balls in series, the pipe bodies longitudinally extend along the separating block 6-4, the diameter of the round balls is larger than that of the black medaka, and the diameter of the round balls of the embryo of the round ball, and the adjacent round ball is smaller than that of the black medaka.
The separation hole has a function of blocking the separation tube 6-4, the medaka embryos have elasticity, and in two bonded medaka embryos, one is extruded through the separation hole along with water flow generated by the water pump to enter the medaka embryo in a homeopathic manner, and the other is blocked by the separation hole; or the plurality of adhered medaka embryos are separated through the separating tubes 6-4 and the interfaces among the round balls, and the medaka embryos are separated due to different resistance in the advancing process. The inner wall of the separation tube 6-5 is provided with a barb, the size of the barb is the same as the size of villus on the surface of the medaka embryo at the black spot, and the tip of the barb is passivated to ensure that the embryo is not punctured. The barb increases the friction force of the inner wall of the separating tube 6-5, the barb faces to the direction opposite to the water flow direction, and the medaka embryos on the black spots move along the water flow direction, namely the barb faces to the direction opposite to the progress of the medaka embryos on the black spots.
According to another technical scheme, the method for hatching the embryos of medaka on black spots comprises the following steps:
and 4, transferring the newly hatched larva after membrane emergence, and feeding the larva in seawater with the salinity of 30 per mill and the temperature of 28 +/-2 ℃, wherein the light-dark cycle ratio is 14:10 And h, feeding the newly hatched brine shrimps twice every day.
The invention relates to a black medaka embryo hatching device, which comprises the following working processes:
and (3) starting a water pump by turning on a power supply, generating negative pressure water flow by the water pump, driving the black medaka to flow along with the water flow, sequentially separating the black medaka by two acne measures of a separation hole and a separation pipe, and separating 30 to 40 black medaka embryos and then feeding the separated black medaka embryos into a culture chamber. And turning on an oxygen pump, supplying oxygen and keeping the simulated aquatic weeds and the culture chamber suspended.
Compared with the conventional standing hatching method, the embryo hatching rate is more stable and obviously improved, and the specific results are shown in the table below.
TABLE 1 comparison of hatchability of medaka embryos in black spots within 15 days under different methods
Note: *P ＜ 0.05。
The medaka embryo hatching device has the advantages that:
according to the invention, the simulated aquatic weed and the oxygen pump are utilized to simulate the marine ecological environment, the hatching environment in the suspension water is built for the hatching of the medaka embryos, the oxygen pump has the function of supplying oxygen on one hand, and on the other hand, the oxygen pump assists in simulating the suspension of the aquatic weed to provide power, the whole hatching device is simple in structure, and the energy consumption is reduced. The device is time-saving and labor-saving, and replaces the complex operation of manually screening the black medaka embryos under a microscope one by manpower in a laboratory.
Claims (4)
1. A medaka embryo hatching device is characterized by comprising:
the culture tank (1) is provided with a water outlet pipe which is connected with a water pump and used for replacing seawater;
the simulated aquatic weeds (2) are arranged in the culture tank (1), the simulated aquatic weeds (2) are made of light elastic materials, the weights (5) are fixed at the bottom ends of the simulated aquatic weeds (2), the weights (5) are placed at the bottom of the culture tank (1), and the stems and leaves of the simulated aquatic weeds (2) are in a suspended state in water;
the culture chamber (3) is internally provided with a cavity, a plurality of gaps are formed in the outer wall of the culture chamber (3) and are used for communicating the culture cylinder (1) with the culture chamber (3), the culture chamber (3) is connected with stem leaves of the simulated aquatic weeds (2) and is made of light elastic materials, and the culture chamber (3) is in a suspension state in seawater;
the culture tank also comprises an embryo separating mechanism (6), wherein the embryo separating mechanism (6) is arranged above the culture tank (1);
the embryo separating mechanism (6) comprises a separating chamber (6-1), the bottom of the separating chamber (6-1) is connected with a water pump, the outlet end of the water pump is connected with a conveying pipe (6-3), the conveying pipe (6-3) conveys a single embryo subjected to separation treatment to the culture chamber (3), a separating plate (6-2) is transversely arranged in the separating chamber (6-1), the separating chamber (6-1) is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by the separating plate (6-2), and a plurality of separating holes are formed in the separating plate (6-2);
a separation block (6-4) is longitudinally arranged at the lower layer of the separation chamber (6-1), the side wall of the separation block (6-4) is fixedly connected with the inside of the separation chamber (6-1), spaces are reserved between the two ends of the separation block (6-4) and the separation plate (6-2) and the separation chamber (6-1), and a plurality of separation pipes (6-5) are transversely arranged on the separation block (6-4);
the separating pipe (6-5) is a pipe body formed by connecting a plurality of round balls in series, and the pipe body longitudinally extends along the separating block (6-4);
the diameter of each round ball is larger than that of the medaka embryo at the black spot, and the interface diameter of two adjacent round balls is smaller than that of the medaka embryo at the black spot;
the diameter of the separation hole is smaller than that of the medaka embryo at the black spot.
2. A black medaka embryo hatching device according to claim 1, further comprising an aerobic air pump (4), wherein the oxygen pump (4) is connected with a conduit (7), the conduit (7) extends into the culture tank (1), the conduit (7) is placed beside the weight (5), and the conduit (7) is provided with air holes for exhausting bubbles, the bubbles rise upwards to generate an ascending water flow which surrounds the simulated aquatic weeds (2), so that the simulated aquatic weeds (2) do not sink due to the gravity of the culture chamber (3) and keep in a suspended state.
3. A medaka embryo hatching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner wall of the separating tube (6-5) is provided with barbs, the size of the barbs is the same as the size of villi on the surface of the medaka embryo, and the barbs face in the direction opposite to the water flow direction.
4. A method for hatching a medaka embryo, which uses the medaka embryo hatching device as claimed in claims 1 to 3, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, performing separation operation on medaka embryos on the black spots, and putting the separated medaka embryos into a hatching device for hatching;
step 2, introducing clean seawater into the hatching device, replacing the clean seawater once a day, hatching until membranes are formed, wherein the salinity of the clean seawater is 30 per mill, the water temperature is 28 +/-2 ℃, and the light-dark cycle ratio in the hatching process is 14:10h;
step 3, when clean seawater is replaced, taking out medaka embryos from the hatching device, and removing unfertilized embryos or dead embryos under a microscope;
and 4, transferring newly hatched larval fish after membrane emergence, and feeding the larval fish in seawater with the salinity of 30 per mill and the temperature of 28 +/-2 ℃, wherein the light-dark period ratio is 14: feeding newly hatched brine shrimps twice a day for 10 hours.
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