CN114128584B - Transplanting method for mycorrhized dendrobium nobile stony desertification land - Google Patents

Transplanting method for mycorrhized dendrobium nobile stony desertification land Download PDF

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CN114128584B
CN114128584B CN202111321205.6A CN202111321205A CN114128584B CN 114128584 B CN114128584 B CN 114128584B CN 202111321205 A CN202111321205 A CN 202111321205A CN 114128584 B CN114128584 B CN 114128584B
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transplanting
dendrobium nobile
stony desertification
desertification land
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CN114128584A (en
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廖晓康
杨继勇
廖方华
邓贤芬
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Chishui Xintian Humantang Drugs Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
    • A01G22/63—Orchids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation and resource utilization, in particular to a transplanting method of a mycorrhized dendrobium nobile stony desertification land, which adopts a technical integration mode, and takes the aspects of raw material acquisition cost, difficulty, dendrobium nobile transplanting survival rate, growth efficiency and the like into consideration, replaces the traditional moss covering mode with the moss leaching solution to soak root systems, so that the root systems of dendrobium nobile seedlings adhere to algae such as moss and the like, utilizes the stony desertification land to open grooves and holes, researches and matches the grooves into hemispherical grooves, so that the water collection and moisture preservation effect is better, the too high water content of the root systems of the dendrobium nobile is not caused, the ventilation property of the root systems of the dendrobium nobile is improved, the rapid growth of the algae such as moss on the dendrobium nobile is promoted, the growth of the dendrobium nobile is promoted, the yield is improved, and the transplanting cost is reduced.

Description

Transplanting method for mycorrhized dendrobium nobile stony desertification land
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation and resource utilization, in particular to a transplanting method for a mycorrhized dendrobium nobile stony desertification land.
Background
The stony desertification in Guizhou is widely distributed, the types are diversified, and the stony desertification comprehensive treatment becomes the direction of important consideration of a plurality of industries, and the reason is that: can fully utilize stony desertification land resources, improve the environment and improve vegetation coverage. However, the stony desertification comprehensive treatment is required to solve not only the ecological problem but also the economic benefit generated in the comprehensive treatment process.
In recent years, with the continuous advancement and research of stony desertification comprehensive treatment technologies, various modes are explored for stony desertification comprehensive treatment, for example: the method for planting the dendrobium candidum on the stony desertification land with the patent application number of CN201310056112.4 fully utilizes the moss associated dendrobium candidum to transplant the dendrobium candidum on the stony desertification land, and achieves the purposes of fully utilizing stony desertification land resources and improving ecological environment.
For another example: the three-dimensional cultivation method of the crude drug tsaoko of the Kast mountain land with the patent application number of 202010441727.9 is characterized in that a fruit frame is built above limestone of the mountain land with stony desertification and is used for planting vine fruit trees, dendrobium is planted on the limestone below the fruit frame, pasture is planted on the empty soil, the resource utilization of the mountain land with stony desertification is realized, and the economic and ecological benefits of the mountain land with stony desertification are greatly improved.
Therefore, the comprehensive treatment of the stony desertification land in the prior art is considered and researched from the angles of economic benefit and ecological benefit, and certain effect is achieved; however, the dendrobium nobile seedlings are rare, the seedling raising difficulty is high, the cost is high, when the dendrobium nobile seedlings are transplanted on the stony desertification land resources, the survival rate of the dendrobium nobile seedlings is directly related to the economic benefit of the transplanting, so that the survival rate can be ensured when the dendrobium nobile seedlings are transplanted, the dendrobium nobile rapid growth is promoted, the dendrobium nobile yield is improved, the dendrobium nobile seedling raising method becomes the key point of the current research, and the problem of the focus of the dendrobium nobile transplanting on the current stony desertification land is also solved.
In view of the above, the present researcher makes research on transplanting the dendrobium nobile on the stony desertification land, and transplanting the dendrobium nobile mycorrhizal treatment to the stony desertification land, and adopts a bottle dripping water supplementing mode, so that the transplanting survival rate is greatly improved, the dendrobium nobile transplanting survival rate is improved, the rapid growth of the dendrobium nobile is promoted, the yield of the dendrobium nobile is improved, the cultivation cost of the dendrobium nobile on the stony desertification land is reduced, and a new idea is provided for transplanting the dendrobium nobile on the stony desertification land.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a transplanting method for the mycorrhized dendrobium nobile stony desertification land.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
the transplanting method for the mycorrhizal dendrobium nobile stony desertification land comprises the following steps:
s1: a hemispherical groove is formed in the stony desertification land, a water absorption matrix layer is paved along the hemispherical groove, a transplanting matrix layer is filled on the water absorption matrix layer, and a seedling pit is formed in the position, close to the center point, of the transplanting matrix layer;
s2: collecting moss adhered to the rhizosphere of dendrobium, cutting, adding clear water, and stirring to obtain an immersion liquid;
s3: dipping the root of the dendrobium nobile into the dipping liquid, fully dipping and dyeing the root system of the dendrobium nobile by the dipping liquid, transplanting the dendrobium nobile into a seedling pit, and covering by adopting a transplanting matrix;
s4: inserting a bamboo pole into the transplanting substrate layer, sewing a needle at the bottom end of the bamboo pole to prick a gap, filling clear water into the bamboo pole, and shading by a sunshade net after transplanting.
In order to timely supplement algae components such as moss to the surface of the transplanting matrix, promote the formation of a moss layer around the root system of the dendrobium, improve the transplanting survival rate, preferably, the bamboo poles are internally provided with the cut moss.
In order to ensure low water loss rate in the early stage of transplanting, the water-absorbing matrix layer is preferably made of sponge and/or straw crushed materials.
Preferably, the crushed straw is crushed into particles with the granularity of 0.5-4cm by using straw containing fiber bundles. The straw containing the fiber tube bundle is selected from but not limited to corn straw, sugarcane straw and the like.
In order to improve the water storage and moisture preservation effects in the initial stage of transplanting and improve the transplanting survival rate, preferably, the hemispherical groove is covered with a layer of Tian Ni with the thickness of 0.5-1cm when a water-absorbing matrix layer is paved.
In the process of the invention, the transplanting matrix adopted by researchers is formed by mixing danxia stone, pine wood dust, humus soil and the like in a mass ratio. The pine scraps are particles with the granularity of 2-5cm obtained by peeling pine bark and crushing the pine bark; the grain size of the danxia stone is 2-5cm.
In the research process, the thickness of the transplanting matrix covering the root system of the dendrobium nobile seedlings is 0.5-1cm.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a transplanting pit for transplanting dendrobium nobile on stony desertification land, comprising:
a hemispherical groove formed by digging a pit in the stony desertification land; a water-absorbing matrix layer is arranged in the hemispherical groove, and the inner wall of the hemispherical groove is fully paved with the water-absorbing matrix layer; a transplanting substrate layer is filled on the water-absorbing substrate layer, and a seedling pit for transplanting dendrobium nobile seedlings is arranged at the position, close to the center, of the top of the transplanting substrate layer; the side of the seedling pit is vertically inserted with a bamboo pole, water is filled in the bamboo pole, and a small hole is punched on one side of the bottom end of the bamboo pole, which is close to the seedling pit, by adopting a sewing needle.
Preferably, the small holes are distributed in a triangle shape, and total four small holes are distributed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
the researcher provided by the invention adopts a technical integration mode, considers the aspects of raw material acquisition cost and difficulty, dendrobium nobile transplanting survival rate, growth efficiency and the like, replaces the traditional moss covering mode with the moss leaching solution to leach the root system, enables the root system of the dendrobium nobile seedling to adhere to algae such as moss, and utilizes stony land to form a groove hole, researches and matches the groove hole into a hemispherical groove, so that the moisture collecting and preserving effects are better, the too high moisture of the root system part of the dendrobium nobile is not caused, the ventilation property of the root system of the dendrobium nobile is improved, the rapid growth of the algae such as moss on the root system of the dendrobium nobile is promoted, the growth of the dendrobium nobile is promoted, the yield is improved, and the transplanting cost is reduced.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the invention for creating stony desertification land slotting.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a treatment mode after transplanting dendrobium nobile seedlings.
1-hemispherical groove 2-water absorption matrix layer 3-transplanting matrix layer 4-seedling pit 5-bamboo pole 6-dendrobium nobile seedling.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further defined below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the description.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a transplanting pit for transplanting dendrobium nobile on stony desertification land comprises:
a hemispherical groove 1 formed by digging a pit in the stony desertification land; a water absorbing matrix layer 2 is arranged in the hemispherical groove 1, and the water absorbing matrix layer 2 is paved on the inner wall of the hemispherical groove 1; a transplanting substrate layer 3 is filled on the water-absorbing substrate layer 2, and a seedling pit 4 for transplanting dendrobium nobile seedlings is arranged at the position, close to the center, of the top of the transplanting substrate layer 3; the seedling pit 4 is used for transplanting dendrobium nobile seedlings 6; after transplanting the dendrobium nobile seedlings 6, the bamboo poles 5 are vertically inserted into the side edges of the seedling pits 4, water is filled in the bamboo poles 5, and small holes are punched on one sides, close to the seedling pits 4, of the bottom ends of the bamboo poles 5 by sewing needles.
Compared with the traditional method which adopts a cylindrical barrel, a square groove or other irregular polygonal grooves, the hemispherical groove 1 is beneficial to collecting and preserving moisture, and the transplanting survival rate is improved; the moisture-preserving and ventilation purposes are achieved by utilizing the functions of the water-absorbing matrix layer 2 and the transplanting matrix layer 3; the bamboo poles after transplanting the dendrobium nobile seedlings are inserted into water supply, and the dendrobium nobile seedlings can be stably leaned against, so that the survival rate after transplanting is improved.
In a more preferred embodiment, the small holes are distributed in a triangle shape, and total of four small holes are distributed in a triangle shape. The humidity guarantee after each cluster of dendrobium nobile seedlings is transplanted can be guaranteed, meanwhile, the water resource consumption is reduced, the survival rate and the growth efficiency of the dendrobium nobile transplanted on the stony desertification land are improved, the transplanting yield is improved, and the dendrobium nobile transplanting cost is reduced.
In certain embodiments, the method of transplanting mycorrhizal dendrobium nobile on stony desertification lands comprises:
s1: a hemispherical groove is formed in the stony desertification land, a water absorption matrix layer is paved along the hemispherical groove, a transplanting matrix layer is filled on the water absorption matrix layer, and a seedling pit is formed in the position, close to the center point, of the transplanting matrix layer;
s2: collecting moss adhered to the rhizosphere of dendrobium, cutting, adding clear water, and stirring to obtain an immersion liquid;
s3: dipping the root of the dendrobium nobile into the dipping liquid, fully dipping and dyeing the root system of the dendrobium nobile by the dipping liquid, transplanting the dendrobium nobile into a seedling pit, and covering by adopting a transplanting matrix;
s4: inserting a bamboo pole into the transplanting substrate layer, sewing a needle at the bottom end of the bamboo pole to prick a gap, filling clear water into the bamboo pole, and shading by a sunshade net after transplanting.
In some embodiments, the bamboo culms have cut moss placed therein.
In some embodiments, the water-absorbing matrix layer is a sponge and/or straw crushed material.
In some embodiments, the straw crushed material is a fiber-containing tube bundle straw crushed into particles with the granularity of 0.5-4 cm. The straw containing the fiber tube bundle is selected from but not limited to corn straw, sugarcane straw and the like.
In certain embodiments, the hemispherical trough is coated with a layer of water absorbing matrix Tian Ni to a thickness of 0.5 cm to 1cm.
In the process of the invention, the transplanting matrix adopted by researchers is formed by mixing danxia stone, pine wood dust, humus soil and the like in a mass ratio. The pine scraps are particles with the granularity of 2-5cm obtained by peeling pine bark and crushing the pine bark; the grain size of the danxia stone is 2-5cm.
In the research process, the thickness of the transplanting matrix covering the root system of the dendrobium nobile seedlings is 0.5-1cm.
And (3) testing:
(1) Transplanting method
Dendrobium nobile seedlings: the dendrobium nobile seedlings are formed through tissue culture, and the dendrobium nobile seedling plants with the height of more than 2.5cm and the stem thickness of 0.2-0.4cm with more than 4 leaves per cluster are used as test seedlings.
Selecting to drill pits (10 cm multiplied by 10 cm) on stony desertification land, paving 5cm grains with grain size of 3cm by adopting corn straw to crush the pits, mixing with danxia stone with grain size of 2cm, pine wood dust with grain size of 2cm and humus soil according to equal mass ratio to form transplanting matrix for filling, filling until the pits are filled, and digging seedling pits with diameter of 3cm and depth of 3cm at the top.
Transplanting the dendrobium nobile seedlings into seedling pits, covering the root systems of the dendrobium nobile seedlings with transplanting matrixes, covering the root systems of the dendrobium nobile seedlings with the thickness of 1cm, inserting a bamboo pole beside the seedling pits, filling 500g of water into the bamboo pole, sewing and needling 4 small holes at the bottom of the bamboo pole, soaking water in the bamboo pole, leaning the transplanted dendrobium nobile seedlings on the bamboo pole, and shading by a shading net with the shading degree of more than 90%.
Transplanting tests are carried out according to the dendrobium nobile transplanting method, and transplanting growth conditions are shown in table 1.
(2) Test group design:
a: collecting moss from the root system of the wild dendrobium nobile, shearing the moss, adding clear water for soaking, and then immersing the root system of the dendrobium nobile into the water for treatment.
B: and directly taking dendrobium nobile seedlings for transplanting.
C: adding the cut moss into the water in the bamboo poles.
D: the pit is a hemispherical groove with a diameter of 10 cm.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003345292880000071
Remarks: the yield is collected after transplanting for 2 years, and plants with the minimum stem thickness and the minimum length are left according to each plant, and other dendrobium nobile plants are cut off and collected from the rhizosphere position.
(3) Conclusion(s)
(1) The dendrobium nobile seedling root system is immersed by the moss shearing soaking liquid, and compared with the dendrobium nobile seedling root system which is not immersed, the survival rate is improved by 28.3 percent; the cut moss is added into the bamboo poles, so that the transplanting survival rate can be properly improved; compared with square pit cultivation, the method has the advantages that the survival rate is not remarkably improved, but is improved by 1.7 percent.
(2) The transplanting survival rate of the group A+C+D reaches more than 99%, the yield per square meter reaches 1207.6g, and the longest stem of dendrobium reaches 36.9cm. Compared with the group A+ D, A +C, the transplanting survival rate is respectively improved by 3.4 percent and 1.7 percent; the yield is respectively improved by 22.16 percent and 21.68 percent; the longest stems grew 7.5cm and 4.1cm, respectively.
In addition, in the research process, the researcher also tries to adopt field mud as a bottom operation in the spherical groove, so that the capability of enhancing the water loss prevention is achieved, and the design of the transplanting matrix and the water absorption matrix is combined, so that the growth efficiency of dendrobium nobile seedlings after being transplanted to stony desertification lands is fully improved, the yield is improved, and the yield can be improved by about 1.32 percent compared with that of the A+C+D experiment group.
The invention may be implemented by reference to the prior art or conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The transplanting method for the mycorrhized dendrobium nobile stony desertification land is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: a hemispherical groove is formed in the stony desertification land, a water absorption matrix layer is paved along the hemispherical groove, a transplanting matrix layer is filled on the water absorption matrix layer, and a seedling pit is formed in the position, close to the center point, of the transplanting matrix layer; the water-absorbing matrix layer is a sponge and/or straw crushed material; the transplanting matrix is formed by mixing danxia stone, pine wood dust, humus soil and the like in a mass ratio;
s2: collecting moss adhered to the rhizosphere of dendrobium, cutting, adding clear water, and stirring to obtain an immersion liquid;
s3: dipping the root of the dendrobium nobile into the dipping liquid, fully dipping and dyeing the root system of the dendrobium nobile by the dipping liquid, transplanting the dendrobium nobile into a seedling pit, and covering by adopting a transplanting matrix;
s4: inserting a bamboo pole into the transplanting substrate layer, sewing a needle at the bottom end of the bamboo pole to prick a gap, filling clear water into the bamboo pole, and shading by a sunshade net after transplanting.
2. The method for transplanting mycorrhizal dendrobium nobile stony desertification land according to claim 1, wherein the bamboo poles are internally provided with cut moss.
3. The method for transplanting mycorrhizal dendrobium nobile stony desertification land according to claim 1, wherein the crushed straw is crushed straw containing fiber bundles into particles with the granularity of 0.5-4 cm.
4. The method for transplanting mycorrhizal dendrobium nobile stony desertification land according to claim 1, wherein the hemispherical groove is covered with a layer of Tian Ni with a thickness of 0.5-1cm when the water-absorbing matrix layer is laid.
5. The method for transplanting mycorrhizal dendrobium nobile stony desertification land according to claim 1, wherein the pine wood dust is particles with the granularity of 2-5cm obtained by peeling pine bark and crushing; the grain size of the danxia stone is 2-5cm.
6. The method for transplanting mycorrhizal dendrobium nobile stony desertification land according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the transplanting substrate covering the root system of dendrobium nobile is 0.5-1cm in the step S3.
7. The method of transplanting a dendrobium nobile in a mycorrhized dendrobium nobile stony desertification land according to claim 1, wherein the transplanting pit for transplanting the dendrobium nobile in the stony desertification land comprises:
a hemispherical groove (1) formed by digging a pit in the stony desertification land;
a water absorption matrix layer (2) is arranged in the hemispherical groove (1), and the water absorption matrix layer (2) is paved on the inner wall of the hemispherical groove (1);
a transplanting substrate layer (3) is filled on the water-absorbing substrate layer (2), and a seedling pit (4) for transplanting dendrobium nobile seedlings is arranged at the position, close to the center, of the top of the transplanting substrate layer (3);
the seedling pit (4) side on vertically insert bamboo pole (5), just be equipped with water in bamboo pole (5), bamboo pole (5) bottom is close to seedling pit (4) one side adopts the seam clothing needle to prick there is the aperture.
8. The method for transplanting mycorrhizal dendrobium nobile stony desertification land according to claim 7, wherein the small holes are distributed in a triangle shape and total of four small holes are distributed.
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CN1317933C (en) * 2004-12-13 2007-05-30 陈思 Method for controlling desert by dendrobium and bryophyte
CN103999746A (en) * 2013-02-22 2014-08-27 新宁县湘斛种植科技开发有限公司 Method for planting dendrobium officinale on rocky desertification land
CN103891577B (en) * 2014-04-25 2015-12-02 贵州省赤水市金钗石斛产业开发有限公司 A kind of HERBA DENDROBII builds the complementary cultivation of grape sunshade of stone cultivation
CN204669874U (en) * 2015-05-25 2015-09-30 浙江大学 Economic forest land fertilizer apparatus
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