CN114111478B - A detonating network using electronic detonators and detonating cords and its construction method - Google Patents
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009430 construction management Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
- F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
- F42D1/055—Electric circuits for blasting specially adapted for firing multiple charges with a time delay
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种电子雷管与导爆索联用的起爆网路及其施工方法，所述起爆网路包括电子雷管、导爆索、卡扣；所述施工方法包括：①根据炮孔的孔网参数在掌子面上钻孔；②在底板孔装入炸药和电子雷管，其它炮孔中装入炸药与导爆索；③根据起爆网路将同时起爆的其它炮孔中支导爆索用主导爆索进行连接；④将起爆炮孔中的炸药连接已设置好延时的电子雷管；⑤将所有电子雷管并联到主线上；⑥起爆网路检测合格后，且爆破警戒完成后，爆破员在安全地方起爆。该起爆网路能节省大量电子雷管，从而降低隧道爆破成本。另外，该起爆网路相对简单，可有效减少网路连接时间，有利于现场施工管理，提高隧道爆破掘进进度，具有显著的经济效益与社会效益。
The invention discloses a detonation network using an electronic detonator and a detonating cord and a construction method thereof. The detonation network includes an electronic detonator, a detonating cord, and a buckle; the construction method includes: 1. According to the blast hole Hole network parameters are drilled on the tunnel face; ② Explosives and electronic detonators are installed in the bottom plate holes, and explosives and detonating cords are installed in other blast holes; ③ According to the detonation network, detonators are installed in other blast holes that are detonated at the same time. The cables are connected with the main detonating cord; ④ Connect the explosive in the detonation hole to the electronic detonator that has been set with a delay; ⑤ Connect all electronic detonators in parallel to the main line; ⑥ After the detonation network is tested and the blasting warning is completed, Demolition crews detonate in a safe place. This detonation network can save a large number of electronic detonators, thereby reducing the cost of tunnel blasting. In addition, the detonation network is relatively simple, which can effectively reduce network connection time, facilitate on-site construction management, improve tunnel blasting and excavation progress, and has significant economic and social benefits.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及工程爆破技术领域，具体涉及一种电子雷管与导爆索联用的起爆网路及其施工方法。The invention relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, and in particular to a detonation network using an electronic detonator and a detonating cord and a construction method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
电子雷管使用的可追溯性以及可实现时间和空间区域的禁爆管理，从而可使公安机关对民爆物品的管理从事后核查变为事中管理，其有利于民爆物品末端安全风险管控，杜绝因雷管流失社会，被不法分子利用，给公共安全带来重大隐患。另外，电子雷管抗干扰能力强，其采用电子控制模块进行延时设置，并可以在线设置修改，在线检测功能可以确保网络的连接可靠，有效解决丢炮问题，而且精确的延时能确保爆破方案的准确实施。因此，国内开始大力推广使用电子雷管，并逐步淘汰其它类别雷管。The traceability of the use of electronic detonators and the realization of no-explosion management in time and space areas can enable the public security organs to change the management of civil explosive items from post-inspection to in-process management, which is conducive to the control of end safety risks of civil explosive items. Prevent detonators from being lost to society and used by criminals, causing major hidden dangers to public safety. In addition, the electronic detonator has strong anti-interference ability. It uses an electronic control module to set the delay and can modify the settings online. The online detection function can ensure reliable network connection and effectively solve the problem of lost guns. The precise delay can ensure the blasting plan. accurate implementation. Therefore, China has begun to vigorously promote the use of electronic detonators and gradually phase out other types of detonators.
隧道爆破掘进一般采用小直径炮孔，其掌子面的炮孔数高达上百个，由于电子雷管价格高，造成隧道爆破成本急剧升高。另外，隧道爆破的起爆网路比较复杂，要求现场人员操作水平高，不利于现场施工管理，而且现场设置上百个电子雷管的延时需要消耗时间，严重影响隧道掘进进度。Tunnel blasting generally uses small-diameter blastholes, and the number of blastholes on the tunnel face is as high as hundreds. Due to the high price of electronic detonators, the cost of tunnel blasting has increased sharply. In addition, the detonation network for tunnel blasting is relatively complex, requiring on-site personnel to have high operational skills, which is not conducive to on-site construction management. Moreover, the delay of setting up hundreds of electronic detonators on site takes time, seriously affecting the progress of tunnel excavation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种电子雷管与导爆索联用的起爆网路及其施工方法，该方法避免使用大量电子雷管，从而降低隧道爆破成本。另外，该起爆网路相对简单，可有效减少网路连接时间，有利于现场施工管理，提高隧道爆破掘进进度。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a detonation network using electronic detonators and detonating cords and a construction method thereof. This method avoids the use of a large number of electronic detonators, thereby reducing the cost of tunnel blasting. In addition, the detonation network is relatively simple, which can effectively reduce network connection time, facilitate on-site construction management, and improve tunnel blasting and excavation progress.
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案是：The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:
一种电子雷管与导爆索联用的起爆网路施工方法，其特征在于：所述方法包括：①根据炮孔的孔网参数在掌子面上钻孔；②在底板孔装入炸药和电子雷管，其它炮孔中装入炸药与导爆索；③根据起爆网路将同时起爆的其它炮孔中支导爆索用主导爆索进行连接；④在同时起爆的其它炮孔中选定一个炮孔作为起爆炮孔，并将起爆炮孔中的炸药连接已设置好延时的电子雷管；⑤将所有电子雷管并联到主线上；⑥起爆网路检测合格后，且爆破警戒完成后，爆破员在安全地方起爆；A detonation network construction method using electronic detonators and detonating cords, characterized in that: the method includes: ① drilling holes on the tunnel face according to the hole network parameters of the blast holes; ② loading explosives and Electronic detonators, install explosives and detonating cords in other blastholes; ③ Connect the detonating cords in other blastholes that are detonated simultaneously according to the detonation network with the main detonating cord; ④ Select among other blastholes that are detonated at the same time One blast hole is used as the detonation blast hole, and the explosive in the detonation blast hole is connected to the electronic detonator that has been set for delay; ⑤ Connect all electronic detonators in parallel to the main line; ⑥ After the detonation network is tested and the blasting warning is completed, Demolition crews detonate in a safe place;
所述起爆网路包括电子雷管、导爆索、卡扣；The detonation network includes electronic detonators, detonating cords, and buckles;
所述炮孔的孔网参数与起爆网路需确保主导爆索之间的距离不小于40cm；The hole network parameters of the blast holes and the detonation network need to ensure that the distance between the main detonating cords is not less than 40cm;
所述电子雷管延时的间隔时间不超过100ms。The electronic detonator delay interval does not exceed 100ms.
本发明的一个优选方案，其特征在于，所述卡扣可为塑料管，其长度不少于15cm，用于炮孔中支导爆索与主导爆索之间的连接或者导爆索与雷管间的连接。A preferred solution of the present invention is characterized in that the buckle can be a plastic tube with a length of not less than 15cm, used for the connection between the detonating cord and the main detonating cord in the blast hole or the detonating cord and the detonator. connections between.
本发明的一个优选方案，其特征在于，所述炮孔内导爆索与炸药接触的长度不少于60cm。A preferred solution of the present invention is characterized in that the length of the contact between the detonating cord and the explosive in the blast hole is not less than 60cm.
本发明的一个优选方案，其特征在于，所述电子雷管也可设置在主导爆索端头，但需要进行防护。A preferred solution of the present invention is characterized in that the electronic detonator can also be arranged at the end of the main detonating cord, but it needs to be protected.
本发明的一个优选方案，其特征在于，所述底板孔中电子雷管的延时从中心到两边依次增加，但必须大于上面孔底所对应掏槽孔的延时。A preferred solution of the present invention is characterized in that the delay of the electronic detonator in the bottom plate hole increases sequentially from the center to both sides, but must be greater than the delay of the corresponding cutout hole at the bottom of the upper hole.
本发明的一个优选方案，其特征在于，所述电子雷管的连接线沿掌子面轮廓线往拱脚两边布设。A preferred solution of the present invention is characterized in that the connecting lines of the electronic detonator are laid along the contour line of the tunnel face to both sides of the arch feet.
本发明电子雷管与导爆索联用的起爆网路施工方法工作原理是：将同时起爆炮孔中的支导爆索用主导爆索进行连接，然后再通过一发电子雷管进行引爆，达到大量减少电子雷管数量的目的，最后通过一系列技术措施消除导爆索的影响，让电子雷管与导爆索联用的起爆网路能够可靠起爆，避免出现盲炮。The working principle of the detonating network construction method using electronic detonators and detonating cords in combination with the present invention is: connect the branch detonating cords in the blast holes that are simultaneously detonated with the main detonating cord, and then detonate them with an electronic detonator to achieve a large number of The purpose of reducing the number of electronic detonators is to eliminate the influence of the detonating cord through a series of technical measures, so that the detonation network using the electronic detonator and the detonating cord can reliably detonate and avoid blind shots.
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明提供的电子雷管与导爆索联用的起爆网路施工方法避免使用大量电子雷管，从而降低隧道爆破成本。1. The detonation network construction method using electronic detonators and detonating cords provided by the present invention avoids the use of a large number of electronic detonators, thereby reducing tunnel blasting costs.
2、本发明提供的电子雷管与导爆索联用的起爆网路相对简单，可有效减少网路连接时间，有利于现场施工管理，提高隧道爆破掘进进度，具有显著的经济效益与社会效益。2. The detonation network using electronic detonators and detonating cords provided by the present invention is relatively simple, can effectively reduce network connection time, is beneficial to on-site construction management, improves tunnel blasting and excavation progress, and has significant economic and social benefits.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明的电子雷管与导爆索联用的起爆网路施工方法具体实施方式示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the specific implementation of the detonation network construction method using electronic detonators and detonating cords in combination with the present invention.
图2为本发明的底板孔装药结构具体实施方式示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the bottom plate hole charging structure of the present invention.
图3为本发明的非底板孔装药结构具体实施方式示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the non-bottom hole charging structure of the present invention.
图4为本发明的起爆炮孔装药结构具体实施方式示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the blast hole charging structure of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the examples and drawings, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.
参见图1、2、3、4，本发明的电子雷管与导爆索联用的起爆网路施工方法，其特征在于：所述方法包括：①根据炮孔的孔网参数在掌子面1上钻孔；②在底板孔2装入炸药3和电子雷管4，其它炮孔9中装入炸药3与导爆索5；③根据起爆网路将同时起爆的其它炮孔9中支导爆索5用主导爆索6进行连接；④在同时起爆的其它炮孔9中选定一个炮孔作为起爆炮孔10，并将起爆炮孔10中的炸药3连接已设置好延时的电子雷管4；⑤将所有电子雷管4并联到主线7上；⑥起爆网路检测合格后，且爆破警戒完成后，爆破员在安全地方起爆。Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the detonation network construction method of the present invention using electronic detonators and detonating cords is characterized in that: the method includes: ① According to the hole network parameters of the blast holes, construct the tunnel face 1 Drill holes on the top; ② Install explosive 3 and electronic detonator 4 in hole 2 of the bottom plate, and install explosive 3 and detonating cord 5 in other blast holes 9; ③ According to the detonation network, detonate the other blast holes 9 at the same time according to the detonation network Cord 5 is connected with the main detonating cord 6; ④ Select a blast hole among the other blast holes 9 that are detonated at the same time as the detonating blast hole 10, and connect the explosive 3 in the detonating blast hole 10 to the electronic detonator that has set the delay 4; ⑤ Connect all electronic detonators 4 in parallel to the main line 7; ⑥ After the detonation network test is passed and the blasting warning is completed, the blasters detonate in a safe place.
所述起爆网路包括电子雷管4、支导爆索5、主导爆索6、卡扣8。The detonation network includes an electronic detonator 4, a branch detonating cord 5, a main detonating cord 6, and a buckle 8.
所述炮孔的孔网参数与起爆网路需确保主导爆索6之间的距离不小于40cm。The hole network parameters of the blasthole and the detonation network need to ensure that the distance between the main detonating cord 6 is not less than 40cm.
所述电子雷管4延时的间隔时间不超过100ms。The delay interval of the electronic detonator 4 does not exceed 100ms.
参见图3，所述卡扣8可为塑料管，其长度不少于15cm，用于炮孔中支导爆索5与主导爆索6之间的连接或者主导爆索6与电子雷管4间的连接。Referring to Figure 3, the buckle 8 can be a plastic tube with a length of not less than 15cm, which is used to connect the detonating cord 5 and the main detonating cord 6 in the blast hole or between the main detonating cord 6 and the electronic detonator 4 Connection.
参见图3、4，所述炮孔内支导爆索5与炸药3接触的长度不少于60cm。Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the length of the contact between the detonating cord 5 and the explosive 3 in the blast hole is not less than 60cm.
参见图4，所述电子雷管4也可设置在主导爆索6的端头。Referring to FIG. 4 , the electronic detonator 4 can also be disposed at the end of the main detonating cord 6 .
参见图1，所述底板孔2中电子雷管4的延时从中心到两边依次增加，但必须大于上面孔底所对应掏槽孔的延时。Referring to Figure 1, the delay of the electronic detonator 4 in the bottom plate hole 2 increases sequentially from the center to both sides, but must be greater than the delay of the corresponding cutout hole at the bottom of the hole above.
参见图1，所述电子雷管4的连接线7沿掌子面1轮廓线往拱脚两边布设。Referring to Figure 1, the connecting wire 7 of the electronic detonator 4 is laid along the contour line of the tunnel face 1 to both sides of the arch.
参见图1、2、3、4，下面结合附图对本发明的电子雷管与导爆索联用的起爆网路施工方法工作原理作进一步描述：将同时起爆炮孔中的支导爆索5用主导爆索6进行连接，然后再通过一发电子雷管4进行引爆，达到大量减少电子雷管数量的目的，最后通过一系列技术措施消除主导爆索6的影响，让电子雷管4与主导爆索6联用的起爆网路能够可靠起爆，避免出现盲炮。Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the working principle of the detonating network construction method of the present invention using an electronic detonator and a detonating cord is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: the detonating cord 5 in the blast hole will be detonated simultaneously. The main detonating cord 6 is connected, and then detonated by an electronic detonator 4 to achieve the purpose of greatly reducing the number of electronic detonators. Finally, a series of technical measures are used to eliminate the influence of the main detonating cord 6, so that the electronic detonator 4 and the main detonating cord 6 can be connected. The combined detonation network can detonate reliably and avoid blind gunfire.
上述为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述内容的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention are all without limitation. All substitutions that should be equivalent are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN115585713B (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2023-07-04 | 中钢集团武汉安全环保研究院有限公司 | Digital electronic detonator and detonating cord fused shaft tunneling delay detonating circuit |
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