CN114110736B - Non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures - Google Patents

Non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114110736B
CN114110736B CN202111414033.7A CN202111414033A CN114110736B CN 114110736 B CN114110736 B CN 114110736B CN 202111414033 A CN202111414033 A CN 202111414033A CN 114110736 B CN114110736 B CN 114110736B
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steam
temperature
low
pipe
regulating valve
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CN114110736A (en
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文立斌
胡弘
李俊
孙志媛
吴健旭
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Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1003—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for steam heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D1/00—Steam central heating systems
    • F24D1/02—Steam central heating systems operating with live steam

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat supply and power generation and control analysis thereof, and particularly relates to a non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for steam extraction at different steam temperatures. The invention sets different control strategies aiming at different operating powers of the steam turbine generator set, and realizes the effective and flexible adjustment of the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe.

Description

Non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat supply and power generation and control analysis thereof, and particularly relates to a non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures.
Background
The industrial and energy structure is optimized, and the consumption of scattered coal and fuel oil is reduced; the method strengthens the emission reduction of main pollutants, accelerates the development of cogeneration and centralized heat supply, utilizes the existing cogeneration units, pure condensing generator sets and low-grade waste heat around cities and industrial parks to implement heat supply transformation, and eliminates a series of requirements such as coal-fired boilers (kilns) in the heat supply and gas supply range.
In order to respond to the requirements of national energy-saving and environment-friendly policies, industrial small boilers are gradually eliminated, and instead, peripheral pure condensing type generator sets are subjected to heat supply transformation, and central heat supply for heat-consuming enterprises is realized by extracting steam from a steam system of the generator sets. The steam extraction heat supply is to fully utilize the residual heat of the steam which does part of work, reduce the steam exhaust loss of the steam turbine and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy. The steam turbine generator set adopting extraction steam supply has different steam quality at each extraction port, and parameters such as steam pressure, temperature and the like are gradually reduced along the steam flow direction. Because the temperature of the heating steam can affect the quality of the production process products, the stable and proper steam temperature becomes a key concern of heating companies. For the heat supply reconstruction of the straight condensing steam turbine generator unit, the through flow part of a steam turbine cylinder is not generally reconstructed due to the construction period and the cost, and the existing steam extraction port is adopted for steam supply. The electric power of the improved heat supply generating set is scheduled and changed by a power grid in real time, the steam parameters of each steam extraction opening are changed constantly when the operation condition is changed in real time, and the temperature of the extracted steam cannot be consistent with the temperature of steam required by a heat user. In order to solve the problem, the existing heat supply unit only can pump high-temperature steam, and then adopts a water spraying temperature reduction adjusting method to enable the steam temperature to meet the requirement. The steam with high temperature is sprayed with water to adjust the temperature, namely, low-temperature condensed water (about 35 ℃) is mixed with steam with the temperature of more than 300 ℃, the steam and the liquid are mixed to generate the mixture, the equipment is easily damaged, and the temperature difference is too large to cause excessive energy loss; meanwhile, the electric power regulation capacity of the unit is influenced by the steam supply flow, and the power regulation capacity of the participating power grid is greatly reduced. The steam supply method for adjusting the temperature reduction by spraying water to the steam with high temperature not only reduces the work output of the high-temperature steam, but also cannot utilize the low-temperature steam, and the steam supply and supply of the unit depend on the steam circulation of the steam turbine seriously, so that the steam supply and the electric power are highly related, and the unit cannot participate in the power grid adjustment. In order to solve the technical problems of heat supply reconstruction of a straight condensing generator set, the invention provides a non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures, which has the following specific technical scheme:
a non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures comprises the following steps:
s1: a middle-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine generator set are connected by adopting a middle-pressure cylinder and low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe;
connecting the high-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger with a medium pressure cylinder of a steam turbine generator set through a high-temperature steam inlet pipe; a high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is arranged on the high-temperature steam inlet pipe;
connecting the low-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger to the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe through a steam inlet pipe and a low-temperature steam extraction pipe in sequence; a communicating pipe butterfly valve is arranged between the joint of the low-temperature steam extraction pipe and the communicating pipe of the medium-low pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder; a low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is arranged on the steam inlet pipe;
connecting the steam outlet side of the steam-steam heat exchanger to a heat supply steam header through a steam outlet pipe and a heat supply steam main pipe; a heat supply steam regulating valve is arranged on the heat supply steam main pipe;
the low-temperature steam extraction pipe is communicated with the heat supply steam main pipe through a low-temperature steam bypass pipe; a low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve is arranged on the low-temperature steam bypass pipe;
the heat supply steam main pipe is connected with the deaerator through a heat supply steam starting pipe, and a heat supply steam starting regulating valve is arranged on the heat supply steam starting pipe;
s2: setting the temperature T of the heating steam S And pressure P S Determining the critical operating power Po of the steam turbine generator set;
s3: when the steam turbine generating setWhen the running power of the steam generator is not more than the critical running power Po, the temperature of the steam in the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinders cannot reach the temperature T of the heating steam S If the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is fully opened, the high-temperature steam is pumped out from the intermediate pressure cylinder to the high-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger through the high-temperature steam inlet pipe, and the high-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger is put into operation;
opening heat supply steam to start the regulating valve to a fixed opening degree, opening the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve to the fixed opening degree, pumping low-temperature steam from the middle-low pressure cylinder communicating pipe to the low-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger through the steam inlet pipe and the low-temperature steam pumping pipe, gradually increasing the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe, and when the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe reaches the temperature T of the heat supply steam S When the steam temperature is stabilized at T, the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve is opened and automatically operated, and the control target is to stabilize the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe at T S The low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger is put into operation;
s4: when the operating power of the steam turbine generator set is greater than the critical operating power Po, the steam temperature in the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder is greater than the temperature T of the heating steam S Then opening the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve to 30-60% of opening, pumping the high-temperature steam from the intermediate pressure cylinder to the high-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger through the high-temperature steam inlet pipe, and putting the high-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger into operation;
opening the heating steam starting regulating valve to a fixed opening degree, opening the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve to the fixed opening degree, gradually opening the large low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve, gradually reducing the steam temperature in the middle and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe along with the increase of the steam flow of the low-temperature steam extraction pipe flowing to the deaerator, wherein the steam temperature in the middle and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe is lower than the temperature T of the heating steam S When the steam temperature is stabilized at T, the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is opened and automatically operated, and the control aim is to stabilize the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe at T S The low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger is put into operation;
s5: after the high-temperature steam side and the low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger are both put into operation, the heat supply steam regulating valve is opened to supply steam to a heat user, and meanwhile, the heat supply steam starting regulating valve is gradually closed until the heat supply steam starting regulating valve is completely closed.
Preferably, the operation state before steam supply of the steam turbine generator set in the step S1 is specifically:
the steam turbine generator set is in a grid-connected operation state, steam normally circulates in the through-flow part of the steam turbine, and the display value of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device is lower than T B (ii) a The deaerator heats steam supplied by the steam turbine generator set; the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve, the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve and the heat supply steam regulating valve are in a closed state, and the butterfly valve of the communication pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder is in a full open state.
Preferably, the step S2 of determining the critical operating power Po of the steam turbine generator set specifically includes: according to the pure condensing condition parameters of the steam turbine generator set and the temperature T of the heating steam S Obtaining the critical operating power Po of the steam turbine generator set; the critical operating power Po is the temperature T of the heat supply steam when the temperature of the communication pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinders in the steam turbine generator set reaches S Corresponding operating power.
Preferably, when the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is fully opened to increase the steam quantity of the steam outlet pipe and still cannot increase the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe, the opening degree of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is increased until the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is automatically stabilized at a fixed opening degree, the opening degree of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is kept unchanged, and at the moment, the opening degree of the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is adjusted to further adjust the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe to be stabilized at T S 。
Preferably, when the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is closed to the opening lower limit value and the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe cannot be reduced by reducing the steam amount of the steam outlet pipe, the opening of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is closed until the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve automatically stabilizes at a fixed opening, the opening of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve keeps unchanged, and at the moment, the opening of the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is adjusted to further adjust the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe to stabilize at T S 。
Preferably, the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve in the step S5 automatically regulates the steam supply quantity according to the steam supply quantity demand of the hot user in real timeSection; the low-temperature steam admission regulating valve is automatic, and the control target is to stabilize the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe at T S 。
Preferably, when the steam supply to the hot user is stopped, the heating steam starting regulating valve is gradually opened, the heating steam regulating valve is gradually closed to be fully closed, the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve and the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve are gradually closed until being fully closed, and then the heating steam starting regulating valve is closed, so that the operation of stopping the steam supply to the outside of the hot user is completed.
Preferably, when the steam-steam heat exchanger is required to be in a hot standby state, the heating steam regulating valve is gradually closed, the heating steam starting regulating valve is gradually opened, the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve and the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve maintain a certain opening degree, so that the steam temperature in the heating steam main pipe is stabilized at T S And (4) finishing.
Preferably, still include the steam turbine generating set steam supply pressure of control, specifically be:
the butterfly valve of the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder is arranged automatically, and the aim is to keep the steam pressure in the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder at P S When the steam extraction of the low-temperature steam extraction pipe is increased, the steam pressure in the middle and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe is gradually reduced, the opening of the butterfly valve of the middle and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe is automatically reduced, the steam supply pressure of the unit is improved, and the steam flowing into the low pressure cylinder is reduced; and in the process of adjusting the opening of the butterfly valve of the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder, keeping the temperature of the exhausted steam of the low pressure cylinder not more than a preset value.
Preferably, the steam-steam heat exchanger comprises a steam inlet bin, a heat exchange bin and a steam outlet bin which are separated from top to bottom; the steam inlet bin and the steam outlet bin are communicated through a plurality of heat exchange tubes; the inlet of the heat exchange tube is arranged in the steam inlet bin, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube is arranged in the steam outlet bin; the inner walls of the two sides of the heat exchange bin are provided with steam guide plates in a stepped manner; the high-temperature steam inlet pipe is communicated with the steam inlet bin, and the steam inlet pipe is communicated with the bottom of the heat exchange bin; the high-temperature steam outlet pipe is communicated with the steam outlet bin; the steam outlet pipe is communicated with the top of the heat exchange bin; the high-temperature steam extracted by the high-temperature steam inlet pipe from the middle pressure cylinder enters the steam inlet bin, is guided into the steam outlet bin through a plurality of heat exchange pipes, and is guided into the No. 3 Gaojia through the high-temperature steam outlet pipe; the low-temperature steam that low temperature steam extraction pipe was taken out from well low pressure jar closed tube leads into heat transfer storehouse bottom through admission steam pipe to up flow with the S type route along leading vapour board, and derive to the female pipe of heat supply steam through setting up the play steam pipe at heat transfer storehouse top.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention adopts a high-temperature steam extraction source to heat a low-temperature steam extraction source, and a low-temperature steam bypass pipe and a low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve are additionally arranged on the low-temperature steam source side of the steam-steam heat exchanger, and the size of the opening of the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve can control the steam flow in the low-temperature steam bypass pipe, thereby flexibly regulating the steam temperature in a heat supply steam main pipe. The invention sets different control strategies aiming at different operating powers of the steam turbine generator set, and realizes the effective and flexible adjustment of the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe.
The switching of two working conditions that the operating power of the steam turbine generator set is not more than critical power and is more than critical power is realized by adjusting the opening of the high-temperature steam admission adjusting valve, and the technical problem that the adjusting capacity of the low-temperature steam admission adjusting valve is limited during the switching of the operating working conditions of the steam turbine generator set is solved.
According to the invention, the communicating pipe butterfly valve is arranged on the communicating pipe of the medium-low pressure cylinder, the opening of the communicating pipe butterfly valve can control the steam flow in the communicating pipe of the medium-low pressure cylinder, and the steam flow in the communicating pipe of the medium-low pressure cylinder can influence the steam temperature of the communicating pipe butterfly valve, so that the steam temperature in the low-temperature steam extraction pipe can be controlled, and the steam extraction temperature can be adjusted;
a high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve is installed on the high-temperature steam source side of the steam-steam heat exchanger, the steam extraction amount from the intermediate pressure cylinder can be controlled by regulating the opening degree of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve, the steam extraction amount can influence the output of a steam turbine (namely electric power of a generator) and the heat exchange amount from high-temperature steam to low-temperature steam of the steam-steam heat exchanger, and therefore the steam temperature in a low-temperature steam outlet pipe is influenced; therefore, the invention can flexibly adjust the electric power and the heat supply capacity of the unit, is not restricted by 'fixing the power by heat', and has no special requirement on the operation condition of the unit.
The steam-steam heat exchanger is internally provided with a steam guide plate and a heat exchange pipe, high-temperature steam flows in the heat exchange pipe, and low-temperature steam flows out of the heat exchange pipe; the steam guide plate guides the flow direction of the low-temperature steam to flow in an S-shaped route, and the heat absorption capacity of the low-temperature steam in the steam-steam heat exchanger is enhanced.
The invention can realize the full work application and power generation of high-temperature steam, fully extract and utilize low-temperature steam, reduce the high correlation between steam supply and electric power of the unit, widen the adjustment range of the electric power of the modified heat supply generating unit, and respond to the real-time scheduling of the power grid in time.
The invention adopts a steam-steam non-contact heat exchange mode, overcomes the problems that the low-temperature condensed water and the high-temperature steam which are generated by directly mixing high-temperature steam water spray adjustment and temperature reduction are easy to damage equipment, and the effective energy loss is caused by large-temperature-difference steam-liquid mixing, and the like, and has the effects of reducing the equipment damage frequency and improving the comprehensive utilization level of energy.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the detailed description or the prior art description will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pipe connection according to the present invention;
the system comprises a steam-steam heat exchanger 1, a steam outlet pipe 2, a heat exchange pipe 3, a high-temperature steam outlet pipe 4, a 3 # high pressure steam inlet pipe 5, a water supply pump outlet water supply pipe 6, a water supply pump outlet check valve 7, a water supply pump 8, a deaerator 9, a 3 # high pressure steam drain pipe 10, a heat supply steam starting pipe 11, a heat supply steam starting adjusting valve 12, a generator 13, a low-pressure cylinder steam exhaust temperature measuring device 14, a low-pressure cylinder 15, a communicated pipe butterfly valve 16, a medium-low pressure cylinder communicated pipe 17, a communicated pipe butterfly valve front steam temperature measuring device 18, a communicated pipe butterfly valve front steam pressure measuring device 19, a medium-pressure cylinder steam inlet valve 20, a medium-pressure cylinder 21, a medium-pressure cylinder steam extraction temperature measuring device 22, a low-temperature steam extraction pipe 23, a low-temperature steam extraction check valve 24, a low-temperature steam extraction stop valve 25, a steam inlet pipe 26, a low-temperature steam inlet adjusting valve 27, a steam guide plate 28, a high-temperature steam extraction valve 29, a high-temperature steam inlet check valve 30, a high-temperature steam inlet adjusting valve 31, a high-temperature steam inlet pipe 32, a low-temperature steam bypass pipe 33, a low-temperature steam inlet pipe 34, a low-temperature steam bypass adjusting valve 34, a heat supply steam bypass pipe 35, a heat supply steam bypass steam outlet pipe bypass pipe check valve 35, a heat supply steam temperature control steam box steam temperature control device 38, a heat supply steam collection steam box steam temperature control device 40, and a heat supply steam control steam box steam collection steam box steam temperature data collection steam box 40.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items and includes such combinations.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific embodiment of the present invention provides a non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures, comprising the following steps:
s1: as shown in fig. 2, the steam turbine generator set includes a high pressure cylinder, an intermediate pressure cylinder 21, and a low pressure cylinder 15; a middle-low pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 is adopted to connect a middle-low pressure cylinder 21 and a low pressure cylinder 15 of the steam turbine generator set;
connecting the high-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 with an intermediate pressure cylinder 21 of the steam turbine generator set through a high-temperature steam inlet pipe 32; a high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31 is arranged on the high-temperature steam inlet pipe 32;
the low-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is connected to the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 through a steam inlet pipe 26 and a low-temperature steam extraction pipe 23 in sequence; a communicating pipe butterfly valve 16 is arranged between the joint of the low-temperature steam extraction pipe 23 and the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 and the low-pressure cylinder 15; a low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 is arranged on the steam inlet pipe 26;
the steam outlet side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is connected to a heat supply steam header 40 through a steam outlet pipe 2 and a heat supply steam main pipe 38; a heating steam regulating valve 39 is arranged on the heating steam main pipe 38;
the low-temperature steam extraction pipe 23 is communicated with a heat supply steam main pipe 38 through a low-temperature steam bypass pipe 34; a low-temperature steam bypass control valve 33 is provided in the low-temperature steam bypass pipe 34.
The low-temperature steam extraction pipe 23 is provided with a low-temperature steam extraction check valve 24 and a low-temperature steam extraction stop valve 25, the low-temperature steam extraction check valve 24 is close to the medium-low pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17, and the low-temperature steam extraction stop valve 25 is close to the steam inlet pipe 26.
The high-temperature steam inlet pipe 32 is provided with a high-temperature steam extraction check valve 29, a high-temperature steam inlet stop valve 30 and a high-temperature steam inlet adjusting valve 31 in sequence from the middle pressure cylinder 21 to the steam-steam heat exchanger.
A communicating pipe butterfly valve front steam temperature measuring device 18 and a communicating pipe butterfly valve front steam pressure measuring device 19 are arranged in front of the communicating part of the low-temperature steam extraction pipe 23 and the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17, a low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device 14 is arranged at the low-pressure cylinder 15, a high-temperature steam inlet pipe 32 is provided with a medium-pressure cylinder extraction steam temperature measuring device 22, and a heat supply steam main pipe steam temperature measuring device 36 and a heat supply steam main pipe steam pressure measuring device 37 are arranged on a heat supply steam main pipe 38; the closed pipe butterfly valve front steam temperature measuring device 18, the closed pipe butterfly valve front steam pressure measuring device 19, the low pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device 14, the intermediate pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device 22, the heat supply steam main pipe steam temperature measuring device 36 and the heat supply steam main pipe steam pressure measuring device 37 are respectively and electrically connected with the data acquisition and control device 41.
In the embodiment, the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device 14, the communication pipe butterfly valve front steam temperature measuring device 18, the intermediate-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device 22 and the heat supply steam main pipe steam temperature measuring device 36 adopt E-type thermocouples, and the communication pipe butterfly valve front steam pressure measuring device 19 and the heat supply steam main pipe steam pressure measuring device 37 adopt EJA or Rosemoun series pressure transmitters, so that conversion of temperature and pressure signals to electric signals is realized respectively. The data acquisition and control module 41 converts the accessed electrical signals of temperature, pressure, opening of the regulating valve and the like into digital quantities, thereby realizing the functions of calculation and control. The low-temperature steam extraction stop valve 25, the high-temperature steam inlet stop valve 30 and the low-temperature steam outlet pipe stop valve 35 adopt bellows stop valves. The water supply pump outlet check valve 7, the low-temperature steam extraction check valve 24 and the high-temperature steam extraction check valve 29 adopt pneumatic butterfly valves. The data acquisition and control module 41 employs an OVATION decentralized control system. The butterfly valve 16 of the middle and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe adopts a hydraulic regulating valve. The heating steam starting regulating valve 12, the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27, the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31, the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve 33 and the heating steam regulating valve 39 adopt pneumatic regulating valves or electric regulating valves. The butterfly valve 16 of the low and medium pressure cylinder communicating pipe adopts a hydraulic drive regulating valve.
The data acquisition and control device 41 acquires the measurement data of the steam temperature measurement device 18 in front of the butterfly valve of the communicating pipe and the measurement data of the steam pressure measurement device 19 in front of the butterfly valve of the communicating pipe in real time to obtain the temperature and the pressure of the steam in the communicating pipe 17 of the medium and low pressure cylinder; the data acquisition and control device 41 acquires the measurement data of the low-pressure cylinder steam exhaust temperature measurement device 14 in real time to obtain the temperature of the low-pressure cylinder steam exhaust; the data acquisition and control device 41 acquires the measurement data of the intermediate pressure cylinder steam extraction temperature measurement device 22 in real time to obtain the temperature of the steam extracted from the intermediate pressure cylinder 21 in the high-temperature steam inlet pipe 32; the data acquisition and control device 41 acquires the measurement data of the heat supply steam main pipe steam temperature measurement device 36 and the heat supply steam main pipe steam pressure measurement device 37 in real time to obtain the temperature and the pressure of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe 38. The data acquisition and control device 41 controls the opening of the butterfly valve 16 of the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe, the heat supply steam starting regulating valve 12, the low temperature steam admission regulating valve 27, the high temperature steam admission regulating valve 31, the low temperature steam bypass regulating valve 33 and the heat supply steam regulating valve 39 according to the real-time obtained measurement data.
The heating steam main pipe 38 is connected with the deaerator 9 through a heating steam starting pipe 11, and a heating steam starting adjusting valve 12 is arranged on the heating steam starting pipe 11. The heat supply steam starting pipe 11 and the heat supply steam starting regulating valve 12 are matched with each other, so that the functions of increasing the temperature of heat supply steam at the initial starting time, keeping the heat supply steam in real time for standby during operation and the like of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 can be realized.
Wherein, the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 comprises a steam inlet bin, a heat exchange bin and a steam outlet bin which are separated from top to bottom; the steam inlet bin and the steam outlet bin are communicated through a plurality of heat exchange tubes 3; the inlet of the heat exchange tube 3 is arranged in the steam inlet bin, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube 3 is arranged in the steam outlet bin; the inner walls of the two sides of the heat exchange bin are provided with steam guide plates 28 in a step shape; the high-temperature steam inlet pipe 32 is communicated with the steam inlet bin, and the steam inlet pipe 26 is communicated with the bottom of the heat exchange bin; the high-temperature steam outlet pipe 4 is communicated with the steam outlet bin; the steam outlet pipe 2 is communicated with the top of the heat exchange bin; the high-temperature steam extracted from the intermediate pressure cylinder 21 by the high-temperature steam inlet pipe 32 enters the steam inlet bin, is guided into the steam outlet bin through the plurality of heat exchange pipes 3, and is guided into the No. 3 Gaojia 5 through the high-temperature steam outlet pipe 4; the low-temperature steam extracted from the middle-low pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 by the low-temperature steam extracting pipe 23 is guided into the bottom of the heat exchange bin through the steam inlet pipe 26, flows upwards along the steam guide plate 28 in an S-shaped route, and is guided out to the heat supply steam main pipe 38 through the steam outlet pipe 2 arranged at the top of the heat exchange bin.
The bottom of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is communicated with the No. 3 Gao 5 through a high-temperature steam outlet pipe 4 and is used for guiding the high-temperature steam subjected to heat exchange in the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 into the No. 3 Gao 5; the No. 3 Gao 5 is communicated with a deaerator 9 through a pipeline; steam in the high-temperature steam outlet pipe 4 enters a No. 3 high-pressure steam inlet pipe and is condensed into water, and then the water flows automatically and is discharged into a deaerator 9.
The operation state before steam supply of the steam turbine generator set is specifically as follows:
the steam turbine generator set is in a grid-connected operation state, steam normally circulates in the through-flow part of the steam turbine, and the value displayed by the low-pressure cylinder steam exhaust temperature measuring device 14 is lower than T B (ii) a The deaerator 9 heats steam supplied by the steam turbine generator set; the high-temperature steam admission regulating valve 31, the low-temperature steam admission regulating valve 27, the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve 33 and the heat supply steam regulating valve 39 are in a closed state, and the medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe butterfly valve 16 is in a fully open state.
S2: setting the temperature T of the heating steam S And pressure P S Determining the critical operating power Po of the steam turbine generator set; determining the critical operating power Po of the steam turbine generator set specifically as follows:
according to the pure condensing working condition parameters of the steam turbine generator set and the temperature T of the heating steam S Obtaining the critical operating power Po of the steam turbine generator set; the critical operating power Po is the temperature T of the heat supply steam when the temperature of the communication pipe 17 of the medium and low pressure cylinders in the steam turbine generator set reaches the temperature T S Corresponding operating power.
S3: when the operating power of the steam turbine generator set is not more than the critical operating power Po, the temperature of the steam in the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 cannot reach the temperature T of the heating steam S If the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31 is fully opened, the high-temperature steam is pumped out from the intermediate pressure cylinder 21 to the high-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 through the high-temperature steam inlet pipe 32, and the high-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is put into operation;
opening the heating steam starting regulating valve 12 to a fixed opening degree, opening the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 to a fixed opening degree, pumping low-temperature steam from the middle-low pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 to the low-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 through the steam inlet pipe 26 and the low-temperature steam pumping pipe 23, gradually raising the temperature of the steam in the heating steam main pipe 38, and when the temperature of the steam in the heating steam main pipe 38 reaches the temperature T of the heating steam S At this time, the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve 33 is opened and put into operation automatically, and the control target is such that supply is enabledThe steam temperature in the hot steam main pipe 38 is stabilized at T S And the low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is put into operation.
S4: when the operating power of the steam turbine generator set is greater than the critical operating power Po, the temperature of the steam in the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 is greater than the temperature T of the heating steam S Then, the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31 is opened to 30-60% of opening degree, the high-temperature steam is pumped out from the intermediate pressure cylinder 21 to the high-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 through the high-temperature steam inlet pipe 32, and the high-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is put into operation;
opening the heating steam starting adjusting valve 12 to a fixed opening, opening the low-temperature steam bypass adjusting valve 33 to a fixed opening, gradually opening the large low-temperature steam bypass adjusting valve 33, gradually reducing the steam temperature in the medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 along with the increase of the steam flow of the low-temperature steam extraction pipe 23 flowing to the deaerator 9, wherein the steam temperature in the medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 is lower than the temperature T of the heating steam S When the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 is opened and automatic control is performed, the control target is to stabilize the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe 38 at T S And the low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is put into operation.
S5: after the high-temperature steam side and the low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 are both put into operation, the heat supply steam regulating valve 39 is opened to supply steam to a heat user, and simultaneously, the heat supply steam starting regulating valve 12 is gradually closed until the heat supply steam is completely closed. The low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve 33 automatically regulates in real time according to the steam supply demand of a heat user; the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 is automatically controlled, and the control aim is to stabilize the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe 38 at T S 。
When the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 is fully opened to increase the steam quantity of the steam outlet pipe 2 and still cannot increase the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe 38, the opening degree of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31 is increased until the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 automatically stabilizes at a fixed opening degree, the opening degree of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31 is kept unchanged, and at the moment, the opening degree of the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 is adjusted to further adjust the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe 38 so that the steam is stabilized at T S 。
When low temperature steam entersWhen the regulating valve 27 is closed to the opening lower limit value and the steam quantity of the steam outlet pipe 2 is reduced and the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe 38 still cannot be reduced, the opening of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31 is closed until the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 automatically stabilizes at a fixed opening, the opening of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31 keeps unchanged, and at the moment, the opening of the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 is regulated to further regulate the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe 38 to stabilize at T S 。
When the steam supply to the heat user is stopped, the heat supply steam starting adjusting valve 12 is gradually opened, the heat supply steam adjusting valve 39 is gradually closed, the low-temperature steam inlet adjusting valve 27 and the low-temperature steam bypass adjusting valve 33 are gradually closed until the heat supply steam starting adjusting valve 12 is closed, and the operation of stopping the steam supply to the outside of the heat user is finished.
When the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is required to be in a hot standby state, the heating steam regulating valve 39 is gradually closed, the heating steam starting regulating valve 12 is gradually opened, the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 and the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve 33 maintain a certain opening degree, so that the steam temperature in the heating steam main pipe 38 is stabilized at T S And (4) finishing.
Still including controlling steam turbine generating set and supplying vapour pressure, specifically do:
the butterfly valve 16 of the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe is arranged automatically, and the aim is to keep the steam pressure in the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 at P S When the steam extraction of the low-temperature steam extraction pipe 23 is increased, the steam pressure in the intermediate and low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 is gradually reduced, the opening of the intermediate and low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe butterfly valve 16 is automatically reduced, the steam supply pressure of the unit is improved, and the steam flowing into the low-pressure cylinder 15 is reduced; and in the process of adjusting the opening of the butterfly valve 16 of the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder, keeping the temperature of the exhausted steam of the low pressure cylinder not more than a preset value.
In this embodiment, a 300MW straight condensing steam extraction and heat supply unit is further described, the steam extraction of the perforated medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe 17 is used as a low temperature steam supply source, and the steam extraction of the medium pressure cylinder 21 enters No. 3 steam with a high pressure of 5 steam as a high temperature steam supply source. The main design parameters of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 used are shown in table 1. The turbine being subcritical, once intermediateThe hot, two-cylinder two-steam-exhaust condensing steam turbine has the model as follows: n300-16.7/538/538; the main design parameters of the steam turbine are shown in table 2 by adopting the starting mode of the intermediate pressure cylinder. The main design parameters of the subcritical pi-shaped coal-fired boiler with the model of SG-1025/17.5-M8, control circulation, once intermediate reheating, single hearth, four-corner tangential firing mode, swinging nozzle temperature regulation, balanced ventilation, solid slag discharge, all-steel suspension structure and open-air arrangement are shown in Table 3. The heating steam parameter is required to be a value P S ＝0.4MPa，T S =320 ℃. From the Table 4, the power of the generator set is 129MW (about 43% P) N ) When the temperature of the steam in front of the butterfly valve of the communication pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder reaches the parameter requirement T of the temperature parameter of the heat supply steam by 18 DEG C S (320 ℃ C.). By dividing 300MW (about 100% N ) The working condition field steam extraction test shows that when the steam extraction amount is increased, the steam temperature 18 in front of the butterfly valve of the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe is obviously reduced, the steam extraction amounts are 310.3 ℃ and 308.1 ℃ respectively at 60T/h and 70T/h, and the requirement T of the temperature parameter of the heating steam can not be met S (320 ℃ C.), the specific data are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 1 Main design parameters
Item Unit of Steam-steam heat exchanger
Types of / Vertical, fixed tube plate heat exchanger
Low temperature steam side allowable pressure MPa 3.2
High temperature steam side allowable pressure MPa 3.2
Low steam side design temperature ℃ 380
High steam side design temperature ℃ 480
Area of heat exchange m 2 113
Tube bundle type Multi-beam straight pipe
Diameter of pipe mm φ18×2
Number of tubes Root of herbaceous plant 233
Pipe flow 1
TABLE 2 Main design parameters of the unit
Figure GDA0003906427040000141
Figure GDA0003906427040000151
TABLE 3 boiler design Main parameters
Item Numerical value
Maximum continuous evaporation capacity of boiler (B-MCR) 1025t/h
Reheat steam flow 829t/h
Superheater outlet steam pressure (B-MCR) 17.5MPa.g
Temperature of superheated steam 541℃
Reheat steam Inlet/Outlet steam pressure (B-MCR) 3.88/3.68
Reheat steam Inlet/Outlet steam temperature (B-MCR) 330/541℃
Reheat steam flow 815.2t/h
Temperature of feed water 288℃
Working pressure of steam drum 18.87MPa.g
TABLE 4 straight-setting operating condition parameters
Working conditions 45MW 90MW 120MW 129MW 150MW 225MW 300MW
Front steam temperature (DEG C) of communicating pipe butterfly valve 298.0 306.8 317.4 320.0 326.9 324.5 323.7
Extraction temperature of intermediate pressure cylinder (C) 392.6 408.7 419.9 422.9 431.1 430.3 430.0
TABLE 5 post extraction steam parameters
Figure GDA0003906427040000152
The method comprises the following steps of operating the steam turbine generator set and regulating and controlling the steam-steam heat exchanger 1:
the test display value of the communicating pipe butterfly valve front steam temperature measuring device 18 is lower than T S 43% of electric power of steam turbine generator set not greater than critical power at 320 DEG C N In this example, 43% of P N When the power of the steam turbine generator set is just equal to the critical power, the test display value of the steam temperature measuring device 18 in front of the butterfly valve of the communicating pipe is T S =320 ℃, the heating steam temperature will be lower as the extraction increases. Electric power of the steam turbine generator set is more than 43 percent P N When =129MW, the test display value of the steam temperature measuring device 18 in front of the butterfly valve of the communicating pipe is higher than T S =320 ℃, the temperature of the heating steam reaches the required value, but the test display value of the steam temperature measuring device 18 in front of the butterfly valve of the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe is lower than T again along with the increase of the steam extraction amount S ＝320℃。
To is coming toExplaining the adjusting operation mode of the steam turbine generator set under different electric power working conditions of the generator, selecting the test display value of the middle and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe butterfly valve front steam temperature measuring device 18 when no steam is supplied to be not more than or more than T S The invention introduces two working conditions of 320 ℃ and the like, and introduces the adjusting performance of the invention on the stability of the steam extraction and supply temperature through the adjusting and controlling process of the two working conditions.
1. The operation state of the steam turbine generator set before steam supply:
the steam turbine generator set is in a grid-connected operation state, steam normally circulates in the through-flow part of the steam turbine, and the value displayed by the low-pressure cylinder steam exhaust temperature measuring device 14 is lower than T B =60 ℃; the deaerator 9 heats the steam supplied by the steam turbine generator set; and all valves of the heating system are in a closed state, and the butterfly valve 16 of the communication pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder is in a full open state.
2. Preheating standby and outward steam supply of steam-steam heat exchanger
2.1 operating mode that the power of the generator without steam supply is not more than 129MW
When the power of the generator without steam supply is not more than 129M, the temperature of the steam in front of the butterfly valve of the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder is not more than T S ＝320℃。
Preheating spare of 1 steam-steam heat exchanger
The test display value of the communicating pipe butterfly valve front steam temperature measuring device 18 is lower than T S And =320 ℃, when the electric power of the steam turbine generator set is lower than 129MW, the temperature of the heating steam cannot reach the required value, and the temperature of the heating steam is lower as the steam extraction quantity increases.
And a full-open high-temperature steam inlet stop valve 30 is opened, a high-temperature steam inlet adjusting valve 31 is opened to full opening, and the high-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is put into operation.
A full-open low-temperature steam extraction stop valve 25 and a full-open low-temperature steam outlet pipe stop valve 35, and the heat supply steam starting regulating valves 12 to C are opened 120 Opening the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 to C at the opening degree of 50 percent 270 =10% opening, the display value of the steam temperature measuring device 36 of the heat supply steam main pipe is gradually increased, and when the display value of the steam temperature measuring device 36 of the heat supply steam main pipe reaches T S When the temperature is not less than 320 ℃, the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve is opened33, and the aim is to stabilize the display value of the steam temperature measuring device 36 of the heating steam main pipe at T S =320 ℃; at the moment, the low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is put into operation;
after the high-temperature steam side and the low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 are both put into operation, the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is completely preheated and has the condition of supplying steam to the outside.
2 supplying steam to outside of the user
The steam turbine generator set supplies steam to the outside, the heat supply steam regulating valve 39 is opened, the steam turbine generator set can supply steam to a heat user through the heat supply steam header 40, and the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve 33 carries out real-time regulation according to the steam supply quantity requirement of the heat user; the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 is automatically switched, and the aim is to stabilize the display value of the steam temperature measuring device 36 of the heat supply steam main pipe at T S =320 ℃; as the heating steam flow increases, the heating steam start-up regulating valve 12 is gradually closed until fully closed.
2.2 operating mode that power of generator without steam supply is greater than 129MW
When the power of the generator without steam supply is more than 129M, the temperature of the steam in front of the butterfly valve of the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder is more than T S ＝320℃。
Preheating spare of 1 steam-steam heat exchanger
The test display value of the communicating pipe butterfly valve front steam temperature measuring device 18 is higher than 320 ℃, when the electric power of a steam turbine generator set is more than 129MW, the temperature of the heat supply steam reaches the required value, but the test display value of the communicating pipe butterfly valve front steam temperature measuring device 18 is lower than T along with the increase of the steam extraction amount S ＝320℃。
Fully opening the high-temperature steam inlet stop valve 30, opening the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31 to 50 percent, namely half opening, and putting the high-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 into operation;
the fully opened low-temperature steam extraction stop valve 25 is opened to start the heating steam starting regulating valve 12 to C 120 Opening the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve 33 to C at the opening degree of 50 percent 330 =10%, gradually opening the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve 33, and as the steam flow of the low-temperature steam extraction pipe 23 flowing to the deaerator 9 increases, the steam temperature measuring device 18 in front of the butterfly valve of the communicating pipeGradually decrease to below T S After the temperature is higher than or equal to 320 ℃, the low-temperature steam outlet pipe stop valve 35 is opened fully, the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 is opened automatically, and the aim is to enable the display value of the heat supply steam main pipe steam temperature measuring device 36 to reach T S ＝320℃；
After the high-temperature steam side and the low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 are both put into operation, the steam-steam heat exchanger 1 is completely preheated and has the condition of supplying steam to the outside.
2 supplying steam to outside of the user
The steam turbine generator set supplies steam to the outside, the heat supply steam regulating valve 39 is opened, the steam turbine generator set can supply steam to a heat user through the heat supply steam header 40, and the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve 33 carries out real-time regulation according to the steam supply demand of the heat user; the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 is automatically switched, and the aim is to stabilize the display value of the steam temperature measuring device 36 of the heat supply steam main pipe at T S =320 ℃; as the heating steam flow increases, the heating steam start-up regulating valve 12 is gradually closed until fully closed.
2.3 Condition switching
In the unit operation process, generating set can appear not supplying steam generator power not being more than 129MW operating mode and being greater than the tangent state of trading of two kinds of states of 129MW operating mode, can embody that low temperature steam admission governing valve 27 regulating power is limited this moment, and the accessible is adjusted high temperature steam admission governing valve 31 aperture size and is realized the operating mode and switch this moment, specifically does:
when the low-temperature steam admission regulating valve 27 is fully opened and still cannot increase the display value of the steam temperature measuring device 36 of the heat supply steam main pipe, the opening degree of the high-temperature steam admission regulating valve 31 can be increased until the low-temperature steam admission regulating valve 27 automatically stabilizes at 30 percent, the opening degree of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31 is kept unchanged, and at the moment, the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 can be opened to a large degree and a small degree to regulate the display value of the heat supply steam main pipe steam temperature measuring device 36 so as to be stabilized at T S =320 ℃; when the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 is closed to C 270 If the temperature cannot be adjusted by 10%, the opening of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31 may be reduced until the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 automatically stabilizes at 30%, and the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 may be adjusted to a temperature of 10%The opening degree of the steam inlet regulating valve 31 is kept unchanged, and at the moment, the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 can be opened to a large degree and a small degree to regulate the display value of the heat supply steam main pipe steam temperature measuring device 36, so that the temperature is stabilized at T S =320 ℃. The capability of the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 for regulating the temperature of the supplied steam is improved by regulating the opening degree of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 31, so that the normal outward steam supply is realized.
3. Control of steam supply pressure of steam turbine generator set
The steam supply pressure of the steam turbine generator set is mainly adjusted through a butterfly valve 16 of a communicating pipe of a medium-low pressure cylinder, the butterfly valve 16 of the communicating pipe of the medium-low pressure cylinder is arranged automatically, and the display value of a steam pressure measuring device 19 in front of the butterfly valve of the communicating pipe is P S =0.4MPa; when the steam supply is increased, the display value of the steam pressure measuring device 19 in front of the butterfly valve of the communicating pipe is gradually reduced, the opening degree of the butterfly valve 16 of the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder is automatically reduced, the steam supply pressure of the unit is improved, and the steam flowing into the low pressure cylinder 15 is reduced. In the process of adjusting the opening of the butterfly valve 16 of the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder, attention is paid to observing the display value of the exhaust steam temperature measuring device 14 of the low pressure cylinder to prevent the display value from exceeding T B =60 ℃; when the display value of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device 14 reaches T B And the temperature is 60 ℃, which indicates the maximum external steam extraction and heat supply capacity of the steam turbine generator set under the current working condition.
4. Stopping steam supply to hot user or standby
Gradually opening the heating steam starting adjusting valve 12, gradually closing the heating steam adjusting valve 39 to be completely closed, gradually closing the low-temperature steam inlet adjusting valve 27 and the low-temperature steam bypass adjusting valve 33 until being completely closed, and then closing the heating steam starting adjusting valve 12, namely finishing the operation of stopping supplying steam to the outside of the heating user.
If the heating system is in a hot standby state, the heating steam regulating valve 39 is gradually closed, the heating steam starting regulating valve 12 is gradually opened, the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve 27 and the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve 33 are maintained at a certain opening degree, and the display value of the heating steam main pipe steam temperature measuring device 36 is stabilized at T S And (3) the temperature is 320 ℃.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the components of the examples have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the division of the unit is only one division of logical functions, and other division manners may be used in actual implementation, for example, multiple units may be combined into one unit, one unit may be split into multiple units, or some features may be omitted.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being covered by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. A non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: a middle-low pressure cylinder communicating pipe (17) is connected with a middle-low pressure cylinder (21) and a low pressure cylinder (15) of the steam turbine generator set;
connecting the high-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) with a medium pressure cylinder (21) of a steam turbine generator set through a high-temperature steam inlet pipe (32); a high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve (31) is arranged on the high-temperature steam inlet pipe (32);
the low-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) is connected to the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe (17) through a steam inlet pipe (26) and a low-temperature steam extraction pipe (23) in sequence; a communicating pipe butterfly valve (16) is arranged between the joint of the low-temperature steam extraction pipe (23) and the low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe (17) and the low-pressure cylinder (15); a low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve (27) is arranged on the steam inlet pipe (26);
the steam outlet side of the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) is connected to a heat supply steam header (40) through a steam outlet pipe (2) and a heat supply steam main pipe (38); a heating steam regulating valve (39) is arranged on the heating steam main pipe (38);
the low-temperature steam extraction pipe (23) is communicated with the heat supply steam main pipe (38) through a low-temperature steam bypass pipe (34); a low-temperature steam bypass adjusting valve (33) is arranged on the low-temperature steam bypass pipe (34);
the heat supply steam main pipe (38) is connected with the deaerator (9) through a heat supply steam starting pipe (11), and a heat supply steam starting regulating valve (12) is arranged on the heat supply steam starting pipe (11);
s2: setting the temperature T of the heating steam S And pressure P S Determining the critical operating power Po of the steam turbine generator set;
s3: when the operating power of the steam turbine generator set is not more than the critical operating power Po, the steam temperature in the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe (17) cannot reach the temperature T of the heating steam S If the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve (31) is fully opened, high-temperature steam is pumped out from the intermediate pressure cylinder (21) to the high-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) through the high-temperature steam inlet pipe (32), and the high-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) is put into operation;
opening a heat supply steam starting adjusting valve (12) to a fixed opening degree, opening a low-temperature steam inlet adjusting valve (27) to the fixed opening degree, pumping low-temperature steam from a middle low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe (17) to the low-temperature side of a steam-steam heat exchanger (1) through a steam inlet pipe (26) and a low-temperature steam pumping pipe (23), gradually increasing the steam temperature in a heat supply steam main pipe (38), and when the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe (38) reaches the temperature T of the heat supply steam S When the steam is started, the low-temperature steam is startedThe steam bypass regulating valve (33) is arranged and operated automatically, and the control aim is to stabilize the steam temperature in the heating steam main pipe (38) at T S The low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) is put into operation;
s4: when the operating power of the steam turbine generator set is greater than the critical operating power Po, the temperature of steam in the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe (17) is greater than the temperature T of the heating steam S Then, opening a high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve (31) to 30-60% of opening degree, pumping high-temperature steam from the intermediate pressure cylinder (21) to the high-temperature side of the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) through a high-temperature steam inlet pipe (32), and putting the high-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) into operation;
the heating steam starting adjusting valve (12) is opened to a fixed opening degree, the low-temperature steam bypass adjusting valve (33) is opened to the fixed opening degree, the low-temperature steam bypass adjusting valve (33) is gradually opened, the steam temperature in the medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe (17) is gradually reduced along with the increase of the steam flow of the low-temperature steam extraction pipe (23) flowing to the deaerator (9), and the steam temperature in the medium and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe (17) is lower than the temperature T of the heating steam S When the steam is used, the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve (27) is opened and is automatically started, and the control target is to ensure that the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe (38) is stabilized at T S The low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) is put into operation;
s5: after the high-temperature steam side and the low-temperature steam side of the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) are both put into operation, a heat supply steam regulating valve (39) is opened to supply steam to a heat user, and meanwhile, a heat supply steam starting regulating valve (12) is gradually closed until the heat supply steam starting regulating valve is completely closed;
the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) comprises a steam inlet bin, a heat exchange bin and a steam outlet bin which are separated from top to bottom; the steam inlet bin and the steam outlet bin are communicated through a plurality of heat exchange tubes (3); the inlet of the heat exchange tube (3) is arranged in the steam inlet bin, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube (3) is arranged in the steam outlet bin; the inner walls of the two sides of the heat exchange bin are provided with steam guide plates (28) in a step shape; the high-temperature steam inlet pipe (32) is communicated with the steam inlet bin, and the steam inlet pipe (26) is communicated with the bottom of the heat exchange bin; the high-temperature steam outlet pipe (4) is communicated with the steam outlet bin; the steam outlet pipe (2) is communicated with the top of the heat exchange bin; the high-temperature steam extracted from the intermediate pressure cylinder (21) by the high-temperature steam inlet pipe (32) enters a steam inlet bin, is guided into a steam outlet bin through a plurality of heat exchange pipes (3), and is guided into a No. 3 Gaojia (5) through a high-temperature steam outlet pipe (4); the low-temperature steam extracted by the low-temperature steam extraction pipe (23) from the middle low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe (17) is guided into the bottom of the heat exchange bin through the steam inlet pipe (26), flows upwards along the steam guide plate (28) in an S-shaped route, and is guided out to the heat supply steam main pipe (38) through the steam outlet pipe (2) arranged at the top of the heat exchange bin.
2. The non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the operation state of the steam turbine generator set before steam supply in the step S1 is specifically as follows:
the steam turbine generator set is in a grid-connected operation state, steam normally circulates in the through-flow part of the steam turbine, and the display value of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature measuring device (14) is lower than T B (ii) a The deaerator (9) heats steam supplied by the steam turbine generator set; the high-temperature steam admission regulating valve (31), the low-temperature steam admission regulating valve (27), the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve (33) and the heat supply steam regulating valve (39) are in a closed state, and the butterfly valve (16) of the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinders is in a fully open state.
3. The non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step S2 of determining the critical operating power Po of the steam turbine generator set specifically includes:
according to the pure condensing condition parameters of the steam turbine generator set and the temperature T of the heating steam S Obtaining the critical operating power Po of the steam turbine generator set; the critical operating power Po is the temperature T of the heat supply steam when the temperature of the communication pipe (17) of the medium and low pressure cylinders in the steam turbine generator set reaches the temperature T S The corresponding operating power.
4. The non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the temperature is lowWhen the steam inlet regulating valve (27) is fully opened to increase the steam quantity of the steam outlet pipe (2) and still cannot increase the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe (38), the opening degree of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve (31) is increased until the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve (27) automatically stabilizes at a fixed opening degree, the opening degree of the high-temperature steam inlet regulating valve (31) keeps unchanged, at the moment, the opening degree of the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve (27) is adjusted to further adjust the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe (38), and the steam is stabilized at T S 。
5. The non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the low-temperature steam admission regulating valve (27) is closed to the opening lower limit value, the steam quantity of the steam outlet pipe (2) is reduced, and the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe (38) still cannot be reduced, the opening of the high-temperature steam admission regulating valve (31) is closed until the low-temperature steam admission regulating valve (27) automatically stabilizes at a fixed opening, the opening of the high-temperature steam admission regulating valve (31) keeps unchanged, and at the moment, the opening of the low-temperature steam admission regulating valve (27) is regulated to further regulate the temperature of the steam in the heat supply steam main pipe (38) to stabilize at T S 。
6. The non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve (33) in the step S5 automatically regulates in real time according to the steam supply demand of a heat user; the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve (27) is automatically controlled, and the control aim is to stabilize the steam temperature in the heat supply steam main pipe (38) at T S 。
7. The non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: when stopping supplying steam to the heat consumer, gradually open heat supply steam starting regulating valve (12), gradually close heat supply steam regulating valve (39) and totally close, gradually close low temperature steam admission regulating valve (27), low temperature steam bypass regulating valve (33) until totally close, close heat supply steam starting regulating valve (12) again, accomplish promptly and stop supplying steam to the heat consumer outward operation.
8. The non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the steam-steam heat exchanger (1) is required to be in a hot standby state, the heating steam regulating valve (39) is gradually closed, the heating steam starting regulating valve (12) is gradually opened, the low-temperature steam inlet regulating valve (27) and the low-temperature steam bypass regulating valve (33) maintain a certain opening degree, and the steam temperature in the heating steam main pipe (38) is stabilized at T S And (4) finishing.
9. The non-contact heat exchange steam supply method for extracting steam at different steam temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that: still including controlling steam turbine generating set and supplying vapour pressure, specifically do:
the butterfly valve (16) of the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe is arranged automatically, and the aim is to keep the steam pressure in the intermediate and low pressure cylinder communicating pipe (17) at P S When the steam extraction of the low-temperature steam extraction pipe (23) is increased, the steam pressure in the intermediate and low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe (17) is gradually reduced, the opening of the intermediate and low-pressure cylinder communicating pipe butterfly valve (16) is automatically reduced, the steam supply pressure of the unit is improved, and the steam flowing into the low-pressure cylinder (15) is reduced; and in the process of adjusting the opening of the butterfly valve (16) of the communicating pipe of the medium and low pressure cylinder, the temperature of the exhausted steam of the low pressure cylinder is kept not more than a preset value.
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