CN111365698A - A trough solar energy and heating unit complementary heat and power cogeneration system - Google Patents

A trough solar energy and heating unit complementary heat and power cogeneration system Download PDF

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CN111365698A
CN111365698A CN202010182609.0A CN202010182609A CN111365698A CN 111365698 A CN111365698 A CN 111365698A CN 202010182609 A CN202010182609 A CN 202010182609A CN 111365698 A CN111365698 A CN 111365698A
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heater
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侯宏娟
丁泽宇
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North China Electric Power University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
    • F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/38—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating the engines being of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/40—Use of two or more feed-water heaters in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/003—Feed-water heater systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/32—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters arranged to be heated by steam, e.g. bled from turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
    • F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/30—Solar heat collectors using working fluids with means for exchanging heat between two or more working fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统，包括燃煤锅炉、汽轮机、发电机、凝汽器、凝结水泵、轴封冷却器、给水加热器、给水泵、油水换热器、导热油热罐、导热油泵、导热油冷罐以及槽式太阳能集热场。锅炉中产生的蒸汽在汽轮机中膨胀做功，对外供电；部分中压缸排汽被抽出用于供热。导热油在太阳能集热场内被加热，热的导热油可用于加热锅炉给水及热网水。采用上述结构根据实际电热负荷情况，可以灵活调整用于供热及发电的太阳能热量，实现夏季供热机组扩容降耗，冬季增加供热机组调峰能力，实现热电解耦。同时解决了太阳能用于集中供暖时供水温度低、供热半径小以及太阳能与供热负荷季节错配问题。

Figure 202010182609

The invention relates to a trough solar energy and heat supply unit complementary heat and power co-supply system, comprising a coal-fired boiler, a steam turbine, a generator, a condenser, a condensate water pump, a shaft seal cooler, a feed water heater, a feed water pump, and an oil-water heat exchange. Heat transfer oil heater, heat transfer oil hot tank, heat transfer oil pump, heat transfer oil cold tank and trough solar collector field. The steam generated in the boiler expands in the steam turbine to do work and supplies power to the outside world; part of the exhaust steam from the medium pressure cylinder is extracted for heating. The heat transfer oil is heated in the solar collector field, and the hot heat transfer oil can be used to heat boiler feed water and heating network water. The above structure can flexibly adjust the solar heat used for heating and power generation according to the actual electric heating load, so as to realize the expansion and consumption reduction of the heating unit in summer, and increase the peak shaving capacity of the heating unit in winter to realize thermal electrolysis coupling. At the same time, it solves the problems of low water temperature, small heating radius and seasonal mismatch between solar energy and heating load when solar energy is used for central heating.

Figure 202010182609

Description

一种槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统A trough solar energy and heating unit complementary heat and power cogeneration system

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及热电联供系统技术和太阳能热利用领域，特别是涉及一种槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统。The invention relates to the technology of combined heat and power supply system and the field of solar thermal utilization, in particular to a complementary combined heat and power supply system of a trough solar energy and a heating unit.

背景技术Background technique

在中国北方地区，供热机组由于能源利用率高而被广泛用于解决大面积集中供暖问题。在长达4-6个月的采暖期中，为保证供热质量，供热机组采取“以热定电”的方式运行，机组出力受到热负荷限制，挤压了风电上网空间，造成大量弃风现象，阻碍了可再生能源的发展。因此实现供热机组热电解耦，提高供热机组调峰能力成为目前热电联供领域的研究热点。In northern China, heating units are widely used to solve large-area central heating problems due to their high energy efficiency. During the heating period of 4-6 months, in order to ensure the quality of heat supply, the heating unit operates in the way of "fixing electricity by heat". The output of the unit is limited by the heat load, which squeezes the wind power grid space and causes a large number of abandoned wind. phenomenon, hindering the development of renewable energy. Therefore, realizing the thermal and electrolytic coupling of the heating unit and improving the peak-shaving capacity of the heating unit have become the current research hotspot in the field of combined heat and power.

与此同时，近年来由于环境污染日益严重及可再生能源利用技术的发展，利用可再生能源供热越来越受到重视，2018年12月国家能源局发布了《关于做好2018-2019年采暖季清洁供暖工作的通知》，明确指出要积极扩大可再生能源供暖规模，将太阳能供暖与其它清洁供暖方式科学搭配，因地制宜发展“太阳能+”供暖。相比于太阳能热发电，太阳能供热具有更高的能源利用效率，因此随着近年来太阳能热利用技术的发展，太阳能供暖得到了广泛的关注，系统也从开始的分散布置向着规模化发展。目前，现有的区域太阳能供暖系统由于集热温度低，若要远距离输送将会增大管网的投资，否则需要将大面积的集热器安装在负荷的附近，这对于城市来说是一个难题。另一方面为解决太阳能与供暖负荷季节错配的问题，需要配置大型的跨季节蓄热系统，这样除使供热成本增加外，由于跨季节储能系统的效率较低(目前一般为50％-70％)也降低了系统整体的能源利用率且技术上也需要进一步突破。At the same time, in recent years, due to the increasingly serious environmental pollution and the development of renewable energy utilization technology, the use of renewable energy for heating has received more and more attention. The "Notice of Seasonal Clean Heating Work" clearly pointed out that it is necessary to actively expand the scale of renewable energy heating, scientifically match solar heating with other clean heating methods, and develop "solar +" heating according to local conditions. Compared with solar thermal power generation, solar heating has higher energy utilization efficiency. Therefore, with the development of solar thermal utilization technology in recent years, solar heating has received extensive attention, and the system has also developed from a decentralized arrangement at the beginning to a large-scale development. At present, due to the low heat collection temperature of the existing district solar heating system, long-distance transmission will increase the investment in the pipe network, otherwise a large area of the heat collector needs to be installed near the load, which is a major challenge for the city. a puzzle. On the other hand, in order to solve the problem of seasonal mismatch between solar energy and heating load, it is necessary to configure a large-scale cross-season heat storage system. In addition to increasing the heating cost, the efficiency of the cross-season energy storage system is low (currently generally 50%). -70%) also reduces the overall energy utilization of the system and requires further breakthroughs in technology.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是提供一种槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统，利用太阳能热提高供热机组调峰能力，降低供热机组煤耗，同时降低太阳能大规模集中供热的投资成本。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a trough solar energy and heat supply unit complementary heat and power cogeneration system, which utilizes solar heat to improve the peak regulation capacity of the heat supply unit, reduce the coal consumption of the heat supply unit, and reduce the investment cost of large-scale solar energy central heating.

为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

一种槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统，所述系统包括：A trough solar energy and heating unit complementary cogeneration system, the system comprising:

燃煤锅炉1、汽轮机、发电机3、凝汽器4、凝结水泵5、轴封冷却器6、给水加热器、给水泵8、油水换热器、导热油热罐10、导热油泵11、导热油冷罐12以及槽式太阳能集热场13；Coal-fired boiler 1, steam turbine, generator 3, condenser 4, condensate pump 5, shaft seal cooler 6, feed water heater, feed pump 8, oil-water heat exchanger, heat transfer oil heat tank 10, heat transfer oil pump 11, heat transfer Oil cooling tank 12 and trough solar collector field 13;

所述发电机用于对外发电及给所述燃煤锅炉1、汽轮机、凝汽器4、凝结水泵5、轴封冷却器6、给水加热器、给水泵8、油水换热器、导热油热罐10、导热油泵11、导热油冷罐12以及槽式太阳能集热场13厂内设备供电；The generator is used for external power generation and to the coal-fired boiler 1, steam turbine, condenser 4, condensate water pump 5, shaft seal cooler 6, feed water heater, feed water pump 8, oil-water heat exchanger, heat transfer oil heat Tank 10, heat transfer oil pump 11, heat transfer oil cooling tank 12 and trough solar collector field 13 to supply power to in-plant equipment;

所述汽轮机包括：高压缸201、中压缸202和低压缸203；所述给水加热器包括：高压加热器、除氧器702以及低压加热器；所述油水换热器包括：太阳能给水加热器中的油水换热器901、太阳能热网加热器中的油水换热器902；The steam turbine includes: a high pressure cylinder 201, a medium pressure cylinder 202 and a low pressure cylinder 203; the feed water heater includes: a high pressure heater, a deaerator 702 and a low pressure heater; the oil-water heat exchanger includes: a solar feed water heater The oil-water heat exchanger 901 in the solar heating network heater 902;

所述燃煤锅炉1中产生高温高压水蒸气经过所述汽轮机的高压缸201膨胀做功后重新进入所述燃煤锅炉1中进行再热，再热后的水蒸气依次通过所述中压缸202和所述低压缸203膨胀做功后变成乏汽，乏汽进入所述凝汽器4凝结成水，经凝结水泵5加压后依次经过轴封冷却器6和低压加热器被轴封漏气15及汽轮机抽汽加热后进入除氧器702，给水在除氧器702中去除氧气和其他不凝结气体后通过给水泵8进行加压，加压后的给水部分或全部流入太阳能给水加热器中的油水换热器901被导热油加热，其余给水通过高压加热器701被抽汽加热，当两股或一股给水混合后温度达到锅炉进口水温要求后进入燃煤锅炉1中；The high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor generated in the coal-fired boiler 1 is expanded by the high-pressure cylinder 201 of the steam turbine and then re-enters the coal-fired boiler 1 for reheating, and the reheated water vapor passes through the medium pressure cylinder 202 in turn. After expanding with the low-pressure cylinder 203, it becomes depleted steam, the depleted steam enters the condenser 4 and condenses into water, and after being pressurized by the condensate pump 5, the shaft seal is leaked through the shaft seal cooler 6 and the low-pressure heater in turn. 15. After the steam turbine is extracted and heated, it enters the deaerator 702, and the feed water is pressurized by the feed pump 8 after removing oxygen and other non-condensable gases in the deaerator 702, and part or all of the pressurized feed water flows into the solar feed water heater. The oil-water heat exchanger 901 is heated by the heat-conducting oil, and the rest of the feed water is heated by the extraction steam through the high-pressure heater 701. When the two or one feed water is mixed, the temperature reaches the boiler inlet water temperature requirement and enters the coal-fired boiler 1;

所述中压缸202部分排汽被抽出进行热网水加热，抽汽放热后的回水汇入所述除氧器702；Part of the exhaust steam from the medium pressure cylinder 202 is extracted for heating by the hot network water, and the return water after the extraction and release of heat flows into the deaerator 702;

冷的导热油从所述导热油冷罐12中流出，经第二导热油泵1102加压后进入槽式太阳能集热场13升温，被加热后的导热油进入导热油热罐10进行储存；热的导热油从导热油热罐10中流出，经第一导热油泵1101加压后，在非供热季，通过太阳能给水加热器中的油水换热器901对给水进行加热；在供热季，既可通过太阳能给水加热器中的油水换热器901对给水进行加热，又可通过太阳能热网加热器中的油水换热器902对热网水进行加热。放热后的导热油流入导热油冷罐12。The cold heat-conducting oil flows out from the heat-conducting oil cold tank 12, and after being pressurized by the second heat-conducting oil pump 1102, enters the trough-type solar collector field 13 to heat up, and the heated heat-conducting oil enters the heat-conducting oil hot tank 10 for storage; The heat-conducting oil flows out of the heat-conducting oil heat tank 10, and after being pressurized by the first heat-conducting oil pump 1101, in the non-heating season, the water is heated by the oil-water heat exchanger 901 in the solar water heater; The feedwater can be heated by the oil-water heat exchanger 901 in the solar feedwater heater, and the heating network water can be heated by the oil-water heat exchanger 902 in the solar heating network heater. The heat-dissipating heat-conducting oil flows into the heat-conducting oil cooling tank 12 .

可选的，所述槽式太阳能集热场13包括：多个槽式太阳能集热器17，所述多个槽式太阳能集热器以串、并联的方式组成。Optionally, the trough solar thermal collecting field 13 includes: a plurality of trough solar thermal collectors 17, and the plurality of trough solar thermal collectors are formed in a series or parallel manner.

可选的，所述高压加热器具体包括：一级高压加热器7011、二级高压加热器7012和三级高压加热器7013。Optionally, the high pressure heater specifically includes: a primary high pressure heater 7011 , a secondary high pressure heater 7012 and a tertiary high pressure heater 7013 .

可选的，所述低压加热器具体包括：一级低压加热器7031、二级低压加热器7032和三级低压加热器7033。Optionally, the low pressure heater specifically includes: a primary low pressure heater 7031 , a secondary low pressure heater 7032 and a tertiary low pressure heater 7033 .

根据本发明提供的具体实施例，本发明公开了以下技术效果：According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

在该槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统中，根据系统的负荷需要，可灵活调整用于供热和发电的太阳能热量。在非采暖季，太阳能热通过加热给水与供热机组集成转换成电；在采暖季，太阳能集热系统既可通过加热给水与供热机组集成转换成电，也可通过加热热网水直接用于采暖。在该系统中，当太阳能热用于发电时，由于其热电转换借助供热机组的大容量汽轮机因而提高了发电效率；对供热机组而言，在供暖季由于太阳能的引入可大大提高供热机组的调峰能力，改善由于热电冲突带来的弃风问题。且当太阳能热用于采暖时，可借助于供热机组所带的供热管网系统，扩大太阳能供热的供热半径，降低太阳能供热成本。In the complementary cogeneration system of the trough solar energy and the heating unit, the solar heat used for heating and power generation can be flexibly adjusted according to the load requirements of the system. In the non-heating season, solar heat is converted into electricity through the integration of heating water supply and heating unit; in the heating season, the solar heat collection system can be converted into electricity by heating water supply and heating unit integration, or can be directly used by heating the heating network water. for heating. In this system, when solar heat is used for power generation, the power generation efficiency is improved due to its thermoelectric conversion through the large-capacity steam turbine of the heating unit; for the heating unit, the introduction of solar energy during the heating season can greatly improve the heating supply The peak shaving capacity of the unit can improve the wind curtailment problem caused by the conflict of heat and electricity. And when solar heat is used for heating, the heating pipe network system of the heating unit can be used to expand the heating radius of solar heating and reduce the cost of solar heating.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

图1为本发明实施例槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a complementary cogeneration system for trough solar energy and a heating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例槽式太阳能与供热机组槽式太阳能集热场结构示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a trough solar collector field for a trough solar energy and a heating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例非供热季槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统和常规供热机组的可行运行区域示意图。3 is a schematic diagram of a feasible operation area of a complementary cogeneration system of a non-heating season trough solar energy and a heating unit and a conventional heating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

符号说明：燃煤锅炉1、高压缸201、中压缸202、低压缸203、发电机3、凝汽器4、凝结水泵5、轴封冷却器6、一级高压加热器7011、二级高压加热器7012、三级高压加热器7013、除氧器702、一级低压加热器7031、二级低压加热器7032、三级低压加热器7033、给水泵8、太阳能给水加热器中的油水换热器901、太阳能热网加热器中的油水换热器902、导热油热罐10、第一导热油泵1101、第二导热油泵1102、导热油冷罐12、槽式太阳能集热场13、供热抽汽14、轴封漏气15、供热回水16以及槽式太阳能集热器17。DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS: Coal-fired boiler 1, high pressure cylinder 201, medium pressure cylinder 202, low pressure cylinder 203, generator 3, condenser 4, condensate pump 5, shaft seal cooler 6, primary high pressure heater 7011, secondary high pressure Heater 7012, tertiary high pressure heater 7013, deaerator 702, primary low pressure heater 7031, secondary low pressure heater 7032, tertiary low pressure heater 7033, feed water pump 8, oil-water heat exchange in solar feed water heater 901, the oil-water heat exchanger 902 in the solar heating network heater, the heat transfer oil heat tank 10, the first heat transfer oil pump 1101, the second heat transfer oil pump 1102, the heat transfer oil cooling tank 12, the trough solar collector field 13, the heat supply Steam extraction 14 , shaft seal leakage 15 , heating return water 16 and trough solar collector 17 .

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

本发明的目的是提供一种槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统，利用太阳能热提高供热机组调峰能力，降低供热机组煤耗，同时降低太阳能大规模集中供热的投资成本。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a trough solar energy and heat supply unit complementary heat and power cogeneration system, which utilizes solar heat to improve the peak regulation capacity of the heat supply unit, reduce the coal consumption of the heat supply unit, and reduce the investment cost of large-scale solar energy central heating.

为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

图1为本发明实施例槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统的结构示意图，如图1所示，所述系统包括：FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a complementary cogeneration system for trough solar energy and a heating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the system includes:

燃煤锅炉1、汽轮机、发电机3、凝汽器4、凝结水泵5、轴封冷却器6、给水加热器、给水泵8、油水换热器、导热油热罐10、导热油泵11、导热油冷罐12以及槽式太阳能集热场13；Coal-fired boiler 1, steam turbine, generator 3, condenser 4, condensate pump 5, shaft seal cooler 6, feed water heater, feed pump 8, oil-water heat exchanger, heat transfer oil heat tank 10, heat transfer oil pump 11, heat transfer Oil cooling tank 12 and trough solar collector field 13;

所述发电机用于对外供电及给所述燃煤锅炉1、汽轮机、凝汽器4、凝结水泵5、轴封冷却器6、给水加热器、给水泵8、油水换热器、导热油热罐10、导热油泵11、导热油冷罐12以及槽式太阳能集热场13等厂内设备供电；The generator is used for external power supply and to the coal-fired boiler 1, steam turbine, condenser 4, condensate water pump 5, shaft seal cooler 6, feed water heater, feed water pump 8, oil-water heat exchanger, heat transfer oil heat Tank 10, heat transfer oil pump 11, heat transfer oil cooling tank 12, trough solar collector field 13 and other in-plant equipment to supply power;

其中，所述汽轮机包括：高压缸201、中压缸202和低压缸203；Wherein, the steam turbine includes: a high pressure cylinder 201, a medium pressure cylinder 202 and a low pressure cylinder 203;

所述给水加热器包括：高压加热器、除氧器702以及低压加热器；The feed water heater includes: a high pressure heater, a deaerator 702 and a low pressure heater;

所述高压加热器包括：一级高压加热器7011、二级高压加热器7012和三级高压加热器7013。The high-pressure heater includes: a first-stage high-pressure heater 7011 , a second-stage high-pressure heater 7012 and a third-stage high-pressure heater 7013 .

所述低压加热器包括：一级低压加热器7031、二级低压加热器7032和三级低压加热器7033。The low pressure heaters include: a primary low pressure heater 7031 , a secondary low pressure heater 7032 and a tertiary low pressure heater 7033 .

所述油水换热器包括：太阳能给水加热器中的油水换热器901、太阳能热网加热器中的油水换热器902。The oil-water heat exchanger includes: the oil-water heat exchanger 901 in the solar feed water heater, and the oil-water heat exchanger 902 in the solar heating network heater.

所述槽式太阳能集热场13包括：多个槽式太阳能集热器17，所述多个槽式太阳能集热器以串、并联的方式组成。The trough solar heat collecting field 13 includes: a plurality of trough solar heat collectors 17, and the plurality of trough solar heat collectors are formed in a series or parallel manner.

本发明中的上述系统工作原理如下：The working principle of the above-mentioned system in the present invention is as follows:

所述燃煤锅炉1中产生高温高压水蒸气经过所述汽轮机的高压缸201膨胀做功后重新进入所述燃煤锅炉1中进行再热，再热后的水蒸气依次通过所述中压缸202和所述低压缸203膨胀做功后变成乏汽，乏汽进入所述凝汽器4凝结成水，经凝结水泵5加压后依次经过轴封冷却器6、三级低压加热器7033、二级低压加热器7032、一级低压加热器7031被轴封漏气15及汽轮机抽汽加热后进入除氧器702，给水在除氧器702中去除氧气和其他不凝结气体后通过给水泵8进行加压，加压后的给水部分或全部流入太阳能给水加热器中的油水换热器901被导热油加热，其余给水依次经过三级高压加热器7013、二级高压加热器7012、三级高压加热器7011被抽汽加热，当两股或一股给水混合后温度达到锅炉进口水温要求后进入燃煤锅炉1中；The high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor generated in the coal-fired boiler 1 is expanded by the high-pressure cylinder 201 of the steam turbine and then re-enters the coal-fired boiler 1 for reheating, and the reheated water vapor passes through the medium pressure cylinder 202 in turn. After expanding with the low-pressure cylinder 203, it becomes depleted steam, the depleted steam enters the condenser 4 and condenses into water, and after being pressurized by the condensate pump 5, it passes through the shaft seal cooler 6, the third-stage low-pressure heater 7033, and the second-stage low-pressure heater 7033. The first-stage low-pressure heater 7032 and the first-stage low-pressure heater 7031 are heated by the shaft seal leakage 15 and the steam extraction of the steam turbine and then enter the deaerator 702. Pressurized, part or all of the pressurized feed water flows into the oil-water heat exchanger 901 in the solar feed water heater and is heated by the heat transfer oil, and the rest of the feed water passes through the third-stage high-pressure heater 7013, the second-stage high-pressure heater 7012, and the third-stage high-pressure heating in turn. The boiler 7011 is heated by extraction steam. When the two or one feed water is mixed, the temperature reaches the boiler inlet water temperature and enters the coal-fired boiler 1;

所述中压缸202部分排汽即供热抽气14被抽出进行热网水加热，抽汽放热后的回水即供热回水16汇入所述除氧器702；Part of the steam exhausted from the medium pressure cylinder 202, that is, the heating and exhausting air 14, is drawn out to heat the water in the heating network, and the return water after the steam extraction and heat release, that is, the heating return water 16, flows into the deaerator 702;

冷的导热油从所述导热油冷罐12中流出，经第二导热油泵1102加压后进入槽式太阳能集热场13升温，被加热后的导热油进入导热油热罐10进行储存；热的导热油从导热油热罐10中流出，经第一导热油泵1101加压后，在非供热季，通过太阳能给水加热器中的油水换热器901对给水进行加热；在供热季，既可通过太阳能给水加热器中的油水换热器901对给水进行加热，又可通过太阳能热网加热器中的油水换热器902对热网水进行加热。放热后的导热油流入导热油冷罐12。The cold heat-conducting oil flows out from the heat-conducting oil cold tank 12, and after being pressurized by the second heat-conducting oil pump 1102, enters the trough-type solar collector field 13 to heat up, and the heated heat-conducting oil enters the heat-conducting oil hot tank 10 for storage; The heat-conducting oil flows out of the heat-conducting oil heat tank 10, and after being pressurized by the first heat-conducting oil pump 1101, in the non-heating season, the water is heated by the oil-water heat exchanger 901 in the solar water heater; The feedwater can be heated by the oil-water heat exchanger 901 in the solar feedwater heater, and the heating network water can be heated by the oil-water heat exchanger 902 in the solar heating network heater. The heat-dissipating heat-conducting oil flows into the heat-conducting oil cooling tank 12 .

对图1所述实施例进行模拟计算，计算所得的供热季机组可行运行区域如图3所示。在供热季，相较于改造前的常规供热机组，槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统的可行运行区域得到了明显的提升(由区域ABCDEA增加为A'A"B'C'D'E'EA')，面积增大了74.7％。在供热功率为259MWth时，槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统的调峰范围由常规供热机组的179.3～292.8MWe拓宽为116.3～344.2MWe，调峰能力由113.5MWe提高到227.9MWe。The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is simulated and calculated, and the feasible operation area of the unit in the heating season obtained by the calculation is shown in FIG. 3 . In the heating season, compared with the conventional heating unit before the renovation, the feasible operation area of the complementary cogeneration system of the trough solar energy and the heating unit has been significantly improved (increased from the area ABCDEA to A'A"B'C"'D'E'EA'), the area increased by 74.7%. When the heating power is 259MW th , the peak regulation range of the complementary cogeneration system of trough solar energy and heating unit is 179.3～292.8% of that of conventional heating unit. The MW e is widened to 116.3-344.2 MW e , and the peak shaving capacity is increased from 113.5 MW e to 227.9 MW e .

在非供热季，较之于改造前的常规供热机组，槽式太阳能与供热机组互补热电联供系统的热力性能得到了明显提升。当输入燃煤量不变时，系统出力由330MWe提高到368MWe，热耗由8210.1kJ/kWh降低到7422.7kJ/kWh。当输出功率不变时，系统标准煤耗量由295g/kWh减小到268g/kWh。In the non-heating season, compared with the conventional heating unit before the renovation, the thermal performance of the complementary cogeneration system of the trough solar energy and the heating unit has been significantly improved. When the input coal combustion amount remains unchanged, the system output is increased from 330MW e to 368MW e , and the heat consumption is reduced from 8210.1kJ/kWh to 7422.7kJ/kWh. When the output power remains unchanged, the standard coal consumption of the system is reduced from 295g/kWh to 268g/kWh.

本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the present invention There will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A cogeneration system complementary to a solar and thermal battery, said system comprising:
the system comprises a coal-fired boiler (1), a steam turbine, a generator (3), a condenser (4), a condensate pump (5), a shaft seal cooler (6), a feed water heater, a feed water pump (8), an oil-water heat exchanger, a heat-conducting oil heat tank (10), a heat-conducting oil pump (11), a heat-conducting oil cooling tank (12) and a groove type solar heat collection field (13);
the generator is used for generating electricity externally and supplying power to equipment in the coal-fired boiler (1), a steam turbine, a condenser (4), a condensate pump (5), a shaft seal cooler (6), a water supply heater, a water supply pump (8), an oil-water heat exchanger, a heat-conducting oil heating tank (10), a heat-conducting oil pump (11), a heat-conducting oil cooling tank (12) and a groove type solar heat collection field (13);
the steam turbine includes: a high pressure cylinder (201), an intermediate pressure cylinder (202), and a low pressure cylinder (203); the feedwater heater includes: a high pressure heater, a deaerator (702), and a low pressure heater; the oil-water heat exchanger includes: an oil-water heat exchanger (901) in the solar water supply heater and an oil-water heat exchanger (902) in the solar heat network heater;
high-temperature and high-pressure steam generated in the coal-fired boiler (1) expands and works through a high-pressure cylinder (201) of the steam turbine and then enters the coal-fired boiler (1) again for reheating, the reheated steam sequentially passes through the intermediate pressure cylinder (202) and the low pressure cylinder (203) for expanding and working to become exhaust steam, the exhaust steam enters the condenser (4) for condensing into water, the exhaust steam is pressurized through a condensate pump (5) and then sequentially passes through a shaft seal cooler (6) and a low-pressure heater to enter a deaerator (702), oxygen and other non-condensable gases in feed water are removed in the deaerator (702) and then pressurized through a feed water pump (8), part or all of the pressurized feed water flows into an oil-water heat exchanger (901) in a solar feed water heater to be heated by heat conducting oil, the rest of the feed water is heated by extracted steam through a high-pressure heater (701), and when the temperature of two or one feed water is mixed and reaches the requirement of the water temperature at the boiler inlet, the mixed feed water enters the coal-fired boiler (1);
part of exhaust steam of the intermediate pressure cylinder (202) is extracted to heat the heat supply network water, and the return water after the extraction of steam and the heat release is converged into the deaerator (702);
cold heat conducting oil flows out of the heat conducting oil cooling tank (12), is pressurized by a second heat conducting oil pump (1102) and then enters the groove type solar heat collecting field (13) to be heated, and the heated heat conducting oil enters the heat conducting oil heating tank (10) to be stored; hot heat conduction oil flows out of the heat conduction oil heating tank (10), is pressurized by a first heat conduction oil pump (1101), and then heats the feed water through an oil-water heat exchanger (901) in the solar feed water heater or heats the heat supply network water through an oil-water heat exchanger (902) in the solar heat supply network heater. The heat-conducting oil after heat release flows into the heat-conducting oil cooling tank (12).
2. The combined solar and thermal cogeneration system according to claim 1, characterized in that said solar thermal trough field (13) comprises: the solar energy collecting device comprises a plurality of groove type solar energy collectors (17) which are formed in a series-parallel mode.
3. The combined heat and power system of claim 1, wherein the high-pressure heater comprises: a primary high-pressure heater (7011), a secondary high-pressure heater (7012) and a tertiary high-pressure heater (7013).
4. The combined heat and power system of claim 1, wherein the low-pressure heater comprises: a primary low-pressure heater (7031), a secondary low-pressure heater (7032) and a tertiary low-pressure heater (7033).
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